Ashya New Transform UNIT 22 ASSIGN 2

Assignment 2- Printed circuit board technology and manufacture
Schematic capture and simulation of electronic circuits

Circuit containing AC and DC elements
6V power supply circuit
[ Copy the circuit from Assignment brief]
Working of the Circuit

Step down transformer-
Step-down transformer is a type of transformer which is used to reduce the AC.

voltage or AC sources. The function of the step-down transformer is to convert high voltage
from the primary coil into low voltage in the secondary coil.
I searched up TRAN-2P2S before adding the stepdown transformer. The voltage is reduced
from 220V to 9V by this. Additionally, there are more turns on the primary side than on the
secondary side.
Bridge rectifier
A bridge rectifier is a crucial component in electronic circuits for converting alternating current
(AC) into direct current (DC). It consists of four diodes arranged in a specific bridge
configuration. During the positive half cycle of the AC input voltage, two diodes conduct,
allowing current to flow through the load in one direction. Conversely, during the negative
half cycle, the other two diodes conduct, still allowing current to flow through the load but in
the opposite direction. This arrangement ensures that current flows in the same direction
through the load regardless of the polarity of the input voltage, effectively rectifying the AC
signal. The output is a pulsating DC signal, which can then be further smoothed using
capacitors or filters to produce a more stable DC voltage suitable for powering electronic
devices.
I added the bridge rectifier by connecting four diodes from my search results. In this case,
diodes are used by the bridge rectifier to change the alternating current into direct current. A
bridge rectifier, unlike a full wave rectifier, does not require a centre-tapped transformer and
permits the full AC waveform to flow. In an open circuit, D3 and D4 move in the opposite
direction, while D1 and D2 move forward in a closed circuit.
Capacitors
A capacitor is an electronic component used in circuits to store and release electrical energy.
It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric.
When a voltage is applied across the plates, electrons accumulate on one plate, creating a
negative charge, while an equal number of electrons are drawn away from the other plate,
creating a positive charge. This separation of charges creates an electric field between the
plates, storing energy in the capacitor. Capacitors can store energy temporarily and release it
when needed, acting as energy reservoirs or filters in circuits. They can block DC while allowing
AC to pass, smooth out voltage fluctuations, filter out noise, and store charge in timing circuits,
among other functions. Capacitors are versatile components used in a wide range of electronic
applications, from power supplies and audio equipment to signal processing and timing
circuits.
For the capacitor I searched up capacitor and clicked on the first component, i then connected
a line from each side and put the capacitor in-between in the middle making sure the striped
box is on top
Voltage regulator IC
A voltage regulator IC, or integrated circuit, is a key component in electronic circuits designed
to maintain a stable output voltage despite variations in input voltage or changes in load. It
achieves this by comparing the output voltage to a reference voltage and adjusting its internal
circuitry to regulate the output voltage accordingly. When the output voltage deviates from
the desired value, the regulator IC adjusts its control elements to bring it back within the
specified range. This ensures that sensitive electronic components receive a consistent and
reliable supply voltage, protecting them from damage and ensuring proper functionality.
Voltage regulator ICs are commonly used in a wide range of applications, including power
supplies for electronic devices, battery charging circuits, and voltage regulation in automotive
systems.
6V power supply circuit (Proteus Diagram)
Technical Specification of the Circuit

COMPONENT SPECIFIFCATION
AC VOLTAGE SOURCE 230V 50 HZ
TRANSFORMER SINGLE TRANSFORMER
Capacitor 1 1000U
Capacitor 2 1000U
Capacitor 3 1000U
Capacitor 4 1000U
DIODE SINGLE-PHASE DIP BRIDGE RECTIFIER
RESISTOR DIGITAL PRIMITIVE MODEL OF A PULL UP

Resistor
SIMULATION RESULT
The voltmeter
shows 6.01V
FIGURE 1 - INPUT AND OUTPUT

FIGURE 2 – INPUT
Figure 3 output
Conclusion

Ashya New Transform UNIT 22 ASSIGN 2

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Ashya New Transform UNIT 22 ASSIGN 2

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Assignment 2- Printed circuit board technology and manufacture

Schematic capture and simulation of electronic circuits

[ Copy the circuit from Assignment brief]

Working of the Circuit

Step-down transformer is a type of transformer which is used to reduce the AC.

Technical Specification of the Circuit

TRANSFORMER SINGLE TRANSFORMER

DIODE SINGLE-PHASE DIP BRIDGE RECTIFIER

RESISTOR DIGITAL PRIMITIVE MODEL OF A PULL UP

FIGURE 1 - INPUT AND OUTPUT

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