Labour & Human Resource Statistics 2000 - 2010: Government of Pakistan

Labour and Human Resource Statistics 2007
LABOUR & HUMAN RESOURCE

STATISTICS
2000 - 2010
GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN
Ministry of Labour and Manpower

(HRD Wing)
Preface
The ultimate objective of the Governments economic policies is to create jobs, raise incomes of the people and reduce
poverty. The availability of timely, reliable and relevant statistics pertaining to human resource and labour market
developments are necessary pre requisite for planning and monitoring progress of Governments economic policies.
Ministry of Labour and Manpower is responsible to provide national statistics related to labour and human resources.
The Labour and Human Resource Statistics, is a comprehensive publication covering all aspects and characteristics of
the population and labour ranging from demographic characteristics to labour market structure, activities, technical
and vocational training and welfare of the labour force. The information in this publication consists of main areas like
economic indicators, manpower statistics, technical education and vocational training, emigration statistics, industrial
relation, employment exchange statistics, workers welfare and their protection.
The third issue of Labour and Human Resource Statistics reviews the progress of labour market over the last year and
in a historical perspective. All of these statistics are used widely by the Government at the Federal and Provincial
levels, Local and International Organizations, the Private Sectors, Educational Institutions, Researchers, Media,
Students and many others within and outside the country.
The Labour and Human Resource Statistics, 2009 could not be completed without the cooperation of numerous
Government Departments, Agencies and other Organizations. I thankfully acknowledge the timely and unstinting
support extended by each in providing accurate and updated data for inclusion. I wish to commend the officers and
staff of Planning and Technical Unit for preparing this important document. To ensure that the statistics produced
continues to be relevant and timely to the users, we need your feedback and suggestions.
I would also like to thank the ILO Office Islamabad for providing financial support to print this report.
Arif Azim
Secretary
Table of Contents
PART A..............................................................................................................................................................5
ECONOMIC INDICATORS.......................................................................................................................................5
TABLE 1 GDP PER SECTOR, SECTORAL SHARE OF GDP, PER CAPITA INCOME AND GDP GROWTH RATE.......................................................6
TABLE 2 FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES, IMPORTS, EXPORTS, REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE ........................................................................8
PART B.............................................................................................................................................................10
POPULATION, LABOUR FORCE, EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT.....................................................................10
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
3 POPULATION BY AREA AND GENDER .......................................................................................................................11

4 POPULATION, LABOUR FORCE, EMPLOYED AND UNEMPLOYED BY AGE AND GENDER 2009-10.........................................................13
5 POPULATION (10 +) BY LITERACY, EDUCATION AND GENDER............................................................................................14
6 LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES (REFINED) BY AREA AND GENDER................................................................................16
7 POPULATION BY NATURE OF ACTIVITY AND GENDER.......................................................................................................18
8 EMPLOYED BY LITERACY, EDUCATION AND GENDER........................................................................................................20
9 EMPLOYED BY INDUSTRY AND GENDER......................................................................................................................22
10 EMPLOYED IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL SECTORS BY GENDER ...........................................................................................25
11 EMPLOYED BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS AND GENDER.......................................................................................................27
12 EMPLOYED BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS AND GENDER....................................................................................................27
13NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES BY WAGE AND SKILL LEVEL.....................................................................................................30
14 UNEMPLOYED BY AREA AND GENDER.....................................................................................................................32
15 UNEMPLOYED BY LITERACY, EDUCATION AND GENDER...................................................................................................33
PART C............................................................................................................................................................35
EMIGRATION STATISTICS....................................................................................................................................35
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
16
17
18
19
20
NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS BY OCCUPATION.................................................................................................................36

NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS BY COUNTRY....................................................................................................................38
NUMBER OF WORKERS PROCEEDED ABROAD BY SKILLS.................................................................................................40
NUMBER OF WORKERS PROCEEDED ABROAD BY PROVINCE..............................................................................................41
COUNTRY WISE WORKERS REMITTANCES.................................................................................................................42
PART D...........................................................................................................................................................43
EDUCATION STATISTICS.....................................................................................................................................43
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
TOTAL ENROLMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL................................................................................44

TOTAL MALE ENROLMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL.........................................................................45
TOTAL FEMALE ENROLMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL.......................................................................46
NUMBER OF STUDENTS DROPPED OUT BY STAGE........................................................................................................47
TOTAL NUMBER OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL...................................................................................48
NUMBER OF MALE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL....................................................................................49
NUMBER OF FEMALE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL..................................................................................50
TOTAL NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL....................................................................51
NUMBER OF MALE TEACHERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL.....................................................................52
NUMBER OF FEMALE TEACHERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL...................................................................53
EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION.............................................................................................................................54
PART- E.............................................................................................................................................................56
TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TRAINING...................................................................................................56
TABLE 32 NUMBER
TABLE 33 NUMBER
OF
OF
VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRES, CAPACITY, ENROLMENT AND PASS OUT..............................................57
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING INSTITUTIONS, CAPACITY, ENROLMENT AND PASS OUT.......................................................59
PART - F............................................................................................................................................................60
EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE STATISTICS.................................................................................................................60
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
34
35
36
37
NUMBER
NUMBER
NUMBER
NUMBER
OF
OF
OF
OF
APPLICANTS
APPLICANTS
APPLICANTS
APPLICANTS
REGISTERED,
REGISTERED,
REGISTERED,
REGISTERED,
PLACED,
PLACED,
PLACED,
PLACED,
VACANCIES
VACANCIES
VACANCIES
VACANCIES
NOTIFIED
NOTIFIED
NOTIFIED
NOTIFIED
AND
AND
AND
AND
FILLED
FILLED
FILLED
FILLED
IN
IN
IN
IN
PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN
2006..............................................61
2007..............................................62
2008..............................................63
2009..............................................64
PART-G..............................................................................................................................................................65
LABOUR STATISTICS...........................................................................................................................................65
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
TOTAL NUMBER OF SHOPS, COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENT ESTABLISHMENTS WITH TOTAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES.......65
DAILY AVERAGE NUMBER OF WORKERS EMPLOYED IN FACTORIES BY TYPE OF INDUSTRY..............................................................66
DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEES IN PERENNIAL AND SEASONAL FACTORIES................................................................................67
DAILY AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT IN MINES, OIL AND GAS FIELDS........................................................................................68
NUMBER OF REGISTERED, WORKING AND REPORTING FACTORIES UNDER FACTORIES ACT-1934.....................................................70
DAILY AVERAGE NUMBER OF WORKERS IN REPORTING FACTORIES BY GENDER.........................................................................71
WEEKLY WORKING HOURS FOR MALES AND FEMALES IN PERENNIAL FACTORIES.......................................................................72
PART H...........................................................................................................................................................73
INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES & LABOUR JUDICIARY.......................................................................................................73
TABLE 45 WORK STOPPAGES (STRIKES/LOCKOUTS) DUE TO INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES BY PROVINCE................................................................74
TABLE 46 NUMBER OF CASES INSTITUTED AND DISPOSED OFF BY NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RELATION COMMISSION................................................75
PART- I..............................................................................................................................................................77
TRADE UNIONS..................................................................................................................................................77
TABLE 47 NUMBER OF REGISTERED TRADE UNIONS AND MEMBERSHIP BY GENDER................................................................................78
TABLE 48 NUMBER OF REGISTERED REPORTING TRADE UNIONS AND THEIR MEMBERSHIP.........................................................................79
TABLE 49 COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES OF REPORTING TRADE UNIONS.............................................................80
PART- J..............................................................................................................................................................81
INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS.....................................................................................................................................81
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
50
51
52
53
NUMBER OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS BY NATURE.........................................................................................................82

NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS IN OIL AND GAS FIELDS........................................................................................................83
CLASSIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS BY CAUSES...............................................................................................................84
NUMBER OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS IN PAKISTAN BY INDUSTRY ........................................................................................85
PART - K............................................................................................................................................................86
LABOUR INSPECTION & PROSECUTION.................................................................................................................86
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
54
55
56
57
NUMBER OF INSPECTION, INFRINGEMENTS AND PROSECUTIONS...........................................................................................87

NUMBER OF WORK PLACES REGISTERED AND INSPECTION OF FACTORIES...............................................................................88
INSPECTION OF SHIPS AND DOCKS........................................................................................................................89
NUMBER OF INSPECTIONS, TRAINING COURSES AND COMPENSATION PAID TO THE WORKERS BY THE EMPLOYERS IN OIL AND GAS FIELDS..........90
PART - L............................................................................................................................................................91
SOCIAL SECURITY...............................................................................................................................................91
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
58
59
60
61
62
PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL SECURITY INSTITUTIONS.......................................................................................................92

ACHIEVEMENTS OF WWF ................................................................................................................................93
DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS (ON GOING) OF WWF ......................................................................................................94
NUMBER OF REGISTERED ESTABLISHMENTS, EMPLOYERS, EMPLOYEES AND CONTRIBUTIONS ...........................................................95
BENEFITS TO THE WORKERS..............................................................................................................................96
PART - M...........................................................................................................................................................97
LABOUR POLICY.................................................................................................................................................97
LABOUR POLICY 2010.........................................................................................................................................98
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE LABOUR POLICY, 2010...............................................................................................98
LABOUR INSPECTION POLICY 2006................................................................................................................................100
LABOUR PROTECTION POLICY 2006...............................................................................................................................101
SALIENT FEATURES OF PREVIOUS LABOUR POLICIES................................................................................................................102
CHILD / BONDED LABOUR...........................................................................................................................................106
CHILD LABOUR....................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
BONDED LABOUR.................................................................................................................................................................................... 107
PART - N..........................................................................................................................................................109
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO)..................................................................................................109
ILO INTERVENTIONS IN PAKISTAN (2009-10)......................................................................................................110
OVERVIEW............................................................................................................................................................110
ILO PROGRAMS IN PAKISTAN ......................................................................................................................................110
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS UNDER PROJECTS AND EVENTS ORGANIZED BY ILO IN PAKISTAN (2009-10)...........................................................114
1. COMBATING ABUSIVE CHILD LABOUR II..........................................................................................................114
2. PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE CHILD LABOUR RESPONSE PROJECT (PECLR)..............................................................114
3. COMBATING CHILD LABOUR THROUGH EDUCATION AND TRAINING (CCLET)......................................................116
5. ACTIVATING MEDIA TO COMBAT WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN (PHASE II)..............................117
EFFORTS
TO PROMOTE
ELIMINATION
OF
GENDER DISCRIMINATION...............................................................................................................................118
1. PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY FOR DECENT EMPLOYMENT (GE4DE) ..............................................................118

2. TOWARDS GENDER PARITY IN PAKISTAN PROJECT (TGP).................................................................................119
3. WOMEN EMPLOYMENT CONCERNS AND WORKING CONDITIONS............................................................................................................................. 120
EFFORTS FOR ELIMINATION OF BONDED LABOUR FROM PAKISTAN...............................................................................................................................121
PROMOTING EMPLOYMENT & SKILLS IN PAKISTAN................................................................................................................................................122
1. COMMUNITY BASED LIVELIHOODS RECOVERY PROJECT (CBLRP)......................................................................122
DELIVERING
AS
ONE UN.......................................................................................................................................................................... 123
1. MAINSTREAMING DECENT WORK THROUGH ONE-UN.......................................................................................123

POST-CRISES SUPPORT IN LIVELIHOODS REHABILITATION .........................................................................................................................................125
PUBLICATIONS........................................................................................................................................................126
ILOS EIGHT CORE CONVENTIONS..................................................................................................................................127
CONVENTION NO. 87: FUNDAMENTAL CONVENTIONS ON FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION........................................................................................................127
CONVENTION NO. 98: RIGHT TO ORGANIZE AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING CONVENTION, 1949........................................................................................128
CONVENTION NO. 29: FUNDAMENTAL CONVENTIONS ON FORCED LABOUR, 1930......................................................................................................... 129
CONVENTION NO. 105: ABOLITION OF FORCED LABOUR CONVENTION, 1957.............................................................................................................130
CONVENTION NO. 111: DISCRIMINATION (EMPLOYMENT AND OCCUPATION) CONVENTION, 1958.......................................................................................132
CONVENTION NO. 138: MINIMUM AGE CONVENTION, 1973.................................................................................................................................133
CONVENTION NO.182: WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOUR CONVENTION, 1999..........................................................................................................134
LIST OF RATIFICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LABOUR CONVENTIONS................................................................................................136
Overview
The Labour and Human Resource Statistics 2000-2010 contains comprehensive information regarding economic
performance of the country, labour market structure and characteristics of the available human resources that ranges
over a decade. The report has been divided into fifteen distinct parts, each dealing with specific information. The detail
is given below:
PART A
This part provides updated information on general economic indicators such as GDP growth rate, Per Capita
income, sectoral share in total output, foreign exchange reserves, current account balance, government revenue and
expenditures along with different components like savings and investment as percentage of GDP over the years.
PART B
The trends regarding composition of labour force and population are presented in part B of the report.
Specifically, this section contains information regarding demography and structure of the labour market in the country.
The distribution of population, labour force, employment and unemployment with respect to area, sex, age and
educational attainment level is given. The statistics are further leveraged to labour force participation rates, the
composition of employed labour force by industry, formal and informal sector, employed by employment status,
employed by occupational groups and employed by nature of activity.
PART C
The developments in terms of emigration to other countries have been given in part C . These statistics are
segregated by occupational category, by country of destination, by skill level and by province. The information
regarding workers remittances received from different countries are also given in this part.
PART D
Part D contains Education statistics. The information regarding enrolment in educational institutions by kind,
level and sex, drop out by stage, literacy rates by sex and province, gender parity index, teachers in educational
institutions and total expenditure on education has been provided in this part.
PART E
The Part E presents the status and structure of the Technical Education and Vocation Training (TEVT) in
Pakistan. The information on number of vocational and technical training centres, and apprenticeship training
institutions along with their capacity, enrolment and pass outs has been given.
PART F
The Part F is devoted to employment exchange statistics. This part includes information regarding number of
applicants registered, placed, vacancies notified and filled in by province.
PART G
The seasonality is an important feature of the labour market in Pakistan. The Part E contains statistics about the
employed labour force in seasonal and perennial factories. Specifically, the information regarding daily average number
of workers in seasonal and perennial factories by gender and the weekly working hours in the same factories by gender
has been given. It also provides information about the number of factories/establishments established under the
Factories Act 1934.
PART H
The part H reports statistics regarding industrial disputes in the country. It contains information about number of
work stoppage, strikes and lock outs due to industrial disputes over the years. It also covers the number of cases
referred to and disposed off by National Industrial Relations Commission.
PART I
Another important aspect of the labour market structure relating to one of the dimensions of decent work is the
social dialogue and collective bargaining. The data pertain to social dialogue and collective bargaining are given in Part
I. The information regarding number of registered trade unions and their membership by gender, the number of
registered reporting trade unions and their membership by industry or sector has been given. The comparative
statement of income and expenditures of reporting trade unions is also presented in this part.
PART J
The data regarding occupational health and safety are presented in part J. The number of accidents by nature,
number of accidents in oil and gas fields and the classification of the accidents by causes has been given in this part.
PART K
The information related to labour inspections and prosecution is given in Part K. The number of labour
inspections and prosecution, the number of inspection staff, number of shops, establishments, ships and docks
inspected and number of infringements detected are part of the information. The information regarding number of
cases reported, pending, in process and disposed off by the courts, and compensation paid by the employer in the oil
and gas fields has also been given in this part.
PART L
The performance of social security institutions such as Employees Old Age Benefits Institution (EOBI) and the
Workers Welfare Fund (WWF), in view of registered establishments, number of secured workers, number of dependants,
total income of institutions and expenditures is reported in Part L. The year wise registration of establishments,
employees and employers with EOBI is also reported. The benefits given to the workers by EOBI, WWF and
Implementation Tribunal for Newspaper Employees (ITNE) are also presented.
PART M
The salient features of the Labour Policies announced by the Government so far have been presented in part M.
The constitutional provisions regarding the child labour, bonded labour and different laws regarding the labour rights
have been covered in this part.
PART N
The detail of the interventions made by ILO in the employment sector in Pakistan and its role in the tripartite
framework has been discussed in this part. The coverage of eight core conventions and the detail of the conventions
ratified by Pakistan are given. The programs and projects carried out by ILO in areas like child labour, bonded labour,
women empowerment and skill development etc. have also been discussed in this part.
Part A
Economic Indicators
Table 1 GDP per Sector, Sectoral Share of GDP, Per Capita Income and GDP Growth Rate
GDP
Years
Sectoral Share
Total
Agriculture
Industry
Services
(Rs.
million)
(Rs.
million)
(Rs.
million)
(Rs.
million)
Agriculture Manufacturing
(%)
(%)
Services
(%)
Per
Capita
Income
GDP
Growth
Rate
(US$)
(%)
1999-00
3,562,018
923,609
830,863
1,807,546
25.9
23.3
50.7
526
3.9
2000-01
3,632,091
903,499
865,196
1,863,396
24.9
23.8
51.3
507
1.8
2001-02
3,745,118
904,433
888,539
1,952,146
24.1
23.7
52.1
509
3.1
2002-03
3,922,104
941,942
926,183
2,053,979
24.0
23.6
52.4
586
4.7
2003-04
4,215,608
964,853
1,076,808
2,173,947
22.9
25.5
51.6
669
7.5
2004-05
4,593,230
1,027,403
1,207,268
2,358,559
22.4
26.3
51.3
733
9.0
2005-06
4,860,476
1,092,098
1,256,827
2,511,551
22.5
25.9
51.7
833
5.8
2006-07
5,192,450
1,132,041
1,357,548
2,702,861
21.8
26.1
52.1
925
6.8
2007-08
5,404,486
1,149,270
1,390,810
2,864,406
21.3
25.7
53.0
1,042
4.1
2008-09
5,512,445
1,203,308
1,341,031
2,968,106
21.8
24.4
53.8
1,046
2.0
2009-10
5,670,768
1,218,873
1,427,972
3,023,923
21.5
25.2
53.3
1,095
4.1
Source: Economic Survey 2009-10
Table 2 Foreign Exchange Reserves, Imports, Exports, Revenue and Expenditure
Years
Foreign
Exchange
Reserves
Exports
Imports
Current
Account
Balance
US $ Million
US $ Million
US $ Million
US $ Million
Total
Investment
Savings
Total
as percent
Revenue Expenditures as percent
of
of
GDP (mp)
GDP (mp)
Rs. Million
Rs. Million
(%)
(%)
Inflation
(%)
1999-00
2,149
8,190
9,602
-1,143
512,500
709,100
17.4
15.8
3.58
2000-01
2,666
8,933
10,202
-513
553,000
717,900
17.2
16.5
4.41
2001-02
5,439
9,140
9,434
1,338
624,100
826,250
16.8
18.6
3.54
2002-03
10,700
10,889
11,333
3,165
720,800
898,200
16.9
20.8
3.10
2003-04
11,883
12,396
13,604
1,314
794,000
956,000
16.6
17.9
4.57
2004-05
11,227
14,401
18,753
-1,753
900,014
1,116,981
19.1
17.5
9.28
2005-06
12,939
16,388
24,647
-5,649
1,076,600
1,401,900
22.1
18.2
7.92
2006-07
15,801
17,119
26,614
-7,361
1,297,957
1,799,968
22.9
17.8
7.77
2007-08
11,400
15,222.9
19,861.6
-14,163
1,430,512
1,675,166
22.0
13.5
12.0
2008-09
11,600
14,762.2
17,490.1
-7,775
1,622,776
1,624,153
19.7
14.3
22.4
2009-10
15,149
14,218.0
22,242.0
-2,894
2,155,387
2,877,439
16.6
13.8
11.5
Source:
Note:
Economic Surveys 2009-10

Foreign Exchange Reserves include Cash and Gold.
Part B
Population, Labour Force, Employment and Unemployment
10
Table 3 Population by Area and Gender

(Million)
1999-2000
2001-2002
2003-2004
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
Pakistan
Both Sexes
136.0
145.8
148.7
155.4
158.2
161.0
163.8
166.6
Male
69.8
75.4
76.2
79.5
81.3
82.7
84.4
85.9
Female
66.2
70.4
72.5
75.9
76.9
78.2
79.3
80.7
Both Sexes
43.0
47.4
49.7
52.1
52.5
54.0
55.0
55.9
Male
22.3
24.9
25.8
27.0
27.1
28.0
28.6
29.0
Female
20.7
22.6
24.0
25.1
25.4
26.0
26.4
26.9
Both Sexes
93.0
98.4
99.0
103.3
105.7
106.9
108.8
110.7
Male
47.5
50.6
50.4
52.5
54.1
54.7
55.9
56.9
Female
45.5
47.8
48.6
50.8
51.6
52.2
52.9
53.8
Urban
Rural
Source: Labour Force Survey (various issues)
11
12
Table 4 Population, Labour Force, Employed and Unemployed by Age and Gender 2009-10
(Million)
Age Groups
Population
Both
Male Female
Sexes
Total
Labour Force
Both
Male
Female
Sexes
Employed
Both
Male
Female
Sexes
Unemployed
Both
Male Female
Sexes
166.5
85.7
80.8
54.9
42.4
12.5
51.9
40.6
11.3
3.0
1.8
1.2
0 - 9 yrs
46.8
24.0
22.8
10-14 yrs
22.2
11.9
10.3
2.8
1.9
0.9
2.5
1.7
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.1
15-24 yrs
33.9
17.8
16.1
15.3
11.8
3.5
14.0
10.9
3.1
1.3
0.9
0.4
25-44 yrs
38.0
18.1
19.9
22.7
17.5
5.2
22.1
17.2
4.9
0.6
0.3
0.3
45-64 yrs
20.1
10.7
9.4
12.5
9.9
2.6
11.9
9.6
2.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
5.5
3.2
2.3
1.6
1.3
0.3
1.4
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
65 yrs & above

Source:
Labour Force Survey 2009-10
13
Table 5 Population (10 +) by Literacy, Education and Gender

(Million)
Total
1999-2000
Both Sexes
Illiterate
Below Matric
Matric
Intermediate
Degree
Post Graduate
92.1
49.2
29.3
8.0
3.1
1.9
0.6
Male
47.2
19.4
18.8
5.3
2.0
1.4
0.4
Female
44.8
29.9
10.5
2.7
1.1
0.5
0.1
2001-2002
Both Sexes
99.6
49.8
33.9
9.3
3.6
2.4
0.7
Male
51.5
19.5
21.4
6.1
2.3
1.6
0.6
Female
48.1
30.3
12.4
3.1
1.3
0.7
0.2
2003-2004
Both Sexes
103.4
50.0
35.5
10.0
4.0
3.1
0.9
Male
52.6
19.1
22.0
6.5
2.5
2.0
0.6
Female
50.8
30.9
13.5
3.6
1.6
1.1
0.3
2005-2006
Both Sexes
108.8
51.1
38.4
10.8
4.4
3.1
1.0
Male
55.5
19.4
23.9
6.9
2.7
2.0
0.7
Female
53.2
31.6
14.5
4.0
1.7
1.1
0.3
2006-2007
Both Sexes
111.4
50.2
40.6
11.5
5.0
3.2
0.9
Male
56.9
18.8
25.1
7.4
3.1
2.0
0.6
Female
54.5
31.4
15.5
4.2
1.9
1.2
0.3
14
Continued from the

previous table
2007-2008
Both Sexes
Total
Illiterate
Below Matric
Matric
Intermediate
Degree
Post Graduate
114.7
50.2
42.3
12.3
5.3
3.6
1.0
Male
58.7
18.7
25.9
7.8
3.3
2.3
0.7
Female
56.0
31.5
16.4
4.5
2.0
1.3
0.3
117.7
60.4
57.3
50.1
18.5
31.6
44.2
27.2
17.0
12.6
8.1
4.5
5.6
3.4
2.2
3.9
2.4
1.5
1.2
0.8
0.4
119.7
61.7
58.0
50.6
18.8
31.8
45.4
28.0
17.4
12.8
8.1
4.7
5.7
3.5
2.2
3.9
2.4
1.5
1.3
0.9
0.4
2008-2009
Both Sexes
Male
Female
2009-2010
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Source:
Labour Force Surveys (various issues)
15
Table 6 Labour Force Participation Rates (Refined) by Area and Gender

(Percent)
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Pakistan
Both Sexes
42.8
43.3
43.7
46.0
45.2
45.2
45.7
45.9
Male
70.4
70.3
70.6
72.0
70.1
69.5
69.3
68.8
Female
13.7
14.4
15.9
18.9
19.1
19.6
20.7
21.5
Both Sexes
38.1
39.9
39.2
40.7
39.8
38.6
39.3
39.5
Male
65.0
66.9
67.1
68.7
67.7
66.6
66.3
66.4
8.8
10.0
9.4
10.6
9.6
8.4
10.1
10.3
Both Sexes
45.1
45.2
46.2
48.9
48.1
48.8
49.2
49.4
Male
73.1
72.2
72.6
73.8
71.5
71.2
71.0
70.2
16.1
16.8
19.5
23.4
24.1
25.6
26.4
27.6
Urban
Female
Rural
Female
Source:
Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Labour Force Participation Rate (Refined)
Labour Force / Population (10+) * 100
16
17
Table 7 Population by Nature of Activity and Gender

(Million)
Population
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Working Age Population

(10 years & above)
Both Sexes
Male
Female
92.1
47.2
44.8
99.6
51.5
48.1
103.4
52.6
50.8
108.8
55.6
53.2
111.4
56.9
54.5
114.7
58.7
56.0
117.7
60.4
57.3
119.7
61.6
58.1
39.4
33.3
6.2
43.2
36.2
7.0
45.2
37.1
8.1
50.1
40.0
10.1
50.3
39.9
10.4
51.8
40.9
10.9
53.8
41.9
11.9
54.9
42.4
12.5
36.3
31.2
5.1
39.6
33.8
5.8
41.8
34.7
7.1
47.0
37.8
9.1
47.7
38.1
9.5
49.1
39.1
10.0
50.8
40.0
10.8
51.9
40.6
11.3
3.1
2.0
1.1
3.6
2.4
1.2
3.5
2.5
1.0
3.1
2.2
0.9
2.7
1.8
0.9
2.7
1.8
0.9
3.0
1.9
1.1
3.0
1.8
1.2
52.7
14.0
38.7
56.4
15.3
41.1
58.2
15.5
42.7
58.7
15.6
43.2
61.1
17.0
44.1
62.9
17.8
45.1
63.9
18.5
45.4
64.8
19.2
45.6
Labour Force
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Employed
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Unemployed
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Out of Labour Force
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Source:
18
19
Table 8 Employed by Literacy, Education and Gender

(Million)
Pakistan
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Total
Both Sexes
36.3
39.6
41.8
47
47.7
49.1
50.8
51.9
Male
31.2
33.8
34.7
37.8
38.1
39.1
40.0
40.6
5.1
5.8
7.1
9.1
9.5
10.0
10.8
11.3
Both Sexes
19.5
19.4
20.2
22.1
22.1
22.7
22.9
23.5
Male
15.4
15.2
14.9
15.5
15
15.1
14.8
15.2
4.2
4.2
5.3
6.7
7.1
7.6
8.1
8.3
Both Sexes
9.9
11.9
12.6
14.6
14.7
14.9
15.9
16.4
Male
9.5
11.1
11.7
13.2
13.4
13.6
14.4
14.7
Female
0.4
0.8
0.9
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.7
Both Sexes
3.9
4.6
4.8
5.6
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.4
Male
3.7
4.2
4.5
5.1
5.5
5.7
5.8
5.9
Female
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
Female
Illiterate
Female
Below matric
Matric
20
Continued from
the previous table
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Intermediate
Both Sexes
1.4
1.7
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.5
Male
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.2
Female
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
Both Sexes
1.2
1.5
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.2
2.3
2.2
Male
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.9
2.0
1.9
Female
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
Both Sexes
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
Male
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
Female
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
Degree
Post Graduate
Source:
21
Table 9 Employed by Industry and Gender

(Million)
1999-00
All Sectors
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Agriculture
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Mining
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Manufacturing
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Electricity & Gas Distribution
Both Sexes
Male
Female
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
36.3
31.2
5.1
39.6
33.8
5.8
41.8
34.7
7.1
47.0
37.8
9.1
47.7
38.1
9.5
49.1
39.1
10.0
50.8
39.9
10.9
51.9
40.6
11.3
17.6
13.9
3.7
16.7
12.9
3.8
18.0
13.2
4.8
20.4
14.1
6.3
20.8
13.9
6.9
21.9
14.4
7.5
22.9
14.9
8.0
23.4
14.8
8.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
4.2
3.7
0.4
5.5
4.6
0.9
5.7
4.7
1.0
6.5
5.2
1.3
6.5
5.3
1.2
6.4
5.2
1.2
6.6
5.3
1.3
6.8
5.6
1.2
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
22
Continued from the previous

table
Construction
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Trade
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Transport
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Finance
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Social Services
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Other
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Source:
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2.1
2.1
0.0
2.4
2.4
0.0
2.4
2.4
0.0
2.9
2.8
0.0
3.1
3.1
0.1
3.1
3.1
0.0
3.3
3.3
0.0
3.5
3.5
0.0
4.9
4.8
0.1
5.9
5.8
0.1
6.2
6.1
0.1
6.9
6.7
0.2
6.9
6.7
0.2
7.2
7.0
0.2
8.4
8.2
0.2
8.4
8.2
0.2
1.8
1.8
0.0
2.3
2.3
0.0
2.4
2.4
0.0
2.7
2.7
0.0
2.6
2.6
0.0
2.7
2.7
0.0
2.6
2.6
0.0
2.7
2.7
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.7
0.7
0.0
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.8
0.8
0.0
5.2
4.4
0.8
6.1
5.1
1.0
6.3
5.2
1.1
6.7
5.5
1.2
6.9
5.7
1.2
6.7
5.6
1.1
5.8
4.4
1.4
5.8
4.5
1.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23
24
Table 10 Employed in Formal and Informal Sectors by Gender

(Million)
Sector
1999-00
Employed
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Agriculture
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Non Agriculture
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Formal
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Informal
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Source:
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
36.3
31.2
5.1
39.6
33.8
5.8
41.7
34.7
7.1
47.0
37.8
9.2
47.7
38.1
9.5
49.1
39.1
10.0
50.8
40.0
10.8
51.9
40.6
11.3
17.6
13.9
3.7
16.7
12.9
3.8
18.0
13.2
4.8
20.4
14.1
6.3
20.8
13.9
6.9
21.9
14.4
7.5
22.9
14.9
8.0
23.3
14.9
8.4
18.7
17.4
1.4
22.9
20.9
2.1
23.8
21.5
2.3
26.6
23.7
2.9
26.9
24.2
2.6
27.2
24.7
2.5
27.9
25.1
2.8
28.6
25.7
2.9
6.4
5.9
0.5
8.1
7.4
0.8
7.1
6.4
0.8
7.2
6.5
0.7
7.6
6.8
0.8
7.4
6.7
0.7
7.5
6.7
0.8
7.6
6.8
0.8
12.3
11.4
0.9
14.8
13.5
1.3
16.6
15.1
1.5
19.4
17.3
2.1
19.3
17.5
1.9
19.8
18.0
1.8
20.4
18.4
2.0
21.0
18.9
2.1
25
26
Table 11 Employed by Employment Status and Gender

(Million)
Status in employment
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Wage and salaried workers

Both Sexes
Male
Female
Self employed
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Employers
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Own account workers
12.9
11.2
1.7
15.8
13.6
2.2
15.8
13.6
2.2
17.5
15.1
2.4
17.8
15.5
2.4
17.6
15.4
2.2
18.1
15.8
2.3
18.4
16.1
2.3
15.6
14.7
0.9
15.5
14.6
0.9
15.8
14.7
1.1
16.7
15.4
1.4
16.8
15.5
1.3
17.3
16.0
1.3
17.4
16.0
1.4
18.3
16.8
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.6
0.6
0.0
0.6
0.6
0.0
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Contributing family workers
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Other
Both Sexes
Male
Female
15.3
14.4
0.9
15.2
14.3
0.9
15.5
14.3
1.1
16.3
15.0
1.4
16.4
15.1
1.3
16.8
15.5
1.3
16.8
15.4
1.4
17.7
16.2
1.5
7.8
5.2
2.6
8.2
5.5
2.7
10.1
6.4
3.7
12.6
7.2
5.4
13.0
7.1
5.9
14.2
7.7
6.5
15.1
8.1
7.0
15.1
7.6
7.5
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1
0.1
0
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0.1
0.1
0
0.1
0.1
0
Source:
Table 12 Employed by Occupational Groups and Gender

(Million)
27
Occupations
Legislators
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Professional workers
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Technicians
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Clerk
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Service and Salesmen
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Continued from previous

table
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
4
3.9
0.1
4.6
4.5
0.1
4.8
4.7
0.1
5.6
5.4
0.2
5.9
5.7
0.2
6.3
6.1
0.2
6.4
6.2
0.2
6.2
6.0
0.2
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.6
0.1
0.9
0.8
0.1
1.0
0.8
0.2
1.5
1.2
0.3
1.9
1.3
0.6
2
1.4
0.6
2.4
1.7
0.7
2.4
1.7
0.7
2.6
2.0
0.6
2.8
2.1
0.7
2.7
2.0
0.7
0.6
0.6
0
0.7
0.7
0
0.7
0.7
0
0.7
0.6
0
0.7
0.7
0
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.7
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.7
0.0
1.7
1.6
0
2.3
2.2
0.1
2.2
2.1
0.1
2.5
2.4
0.1
2.7
2.6
0.1
2.4
2.3
0.1
2.4
2.4
0
2.6
2.5
0.1
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Agriculture workers
28
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Craftsmen
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Plant Operators
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Elementary occupations
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Unclassified
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Source:
14.5
11.7
2.9
13.7
11.2
2.6
14.6
11.2
3.4
16.6
11.6
4.9
17.3
11.8
5.5
18.3
12.2
6.1
19.1
12.6
6.5
19.7
12.6
7.1
5.5
5
0.5
6.4
5.6
0.9
6.6
5.6
1
7.4
6.1
1.3
7.3
6.1
1.2
7.5
6.3
1.2
7.4
6.1
1.3
7.5
6.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
0
1.6
1.5
0
1.6
1.6
0
2
1.9
0
2
1.9
0
2
2.0
0.0
2.1
2.1
0.0
2.0
2.0
0.0
6.6
5.5
1.1
7.7
6.2
1.5
8.5
6.8
1.7
9
7.3
1.7
8.7
7
1.7
8.5
6.8
1.7
9.2
7.4
1.8
9.5
7.7
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
29
Table 13Number of Employees by Wage and Skill Level

(Million)
Wage groups
Total
Non reporting
Below Rs.2,000
Rs.2,000 but below 6,000
Rs.10,000 but below 20,000
Rs.20,000 & above
Highly Skilled
Below Rs.2,000
Rs.10,000 but below 20,000
Rs.20,000 & above
Skilled
Below Rs.2,000
Rs.10,000 but below 20,000
Rs.20,000 & above
Unskilled
Below Rs.2,000
Rs.10,000 but below 20,000
Rs.20,000 & above
Source:
1999-00 2001-02 2003-04 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

12.9
15.8
15.8
17.5
17.8
18.0
18.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
4.2
4.6
4.0
3.1
2.3
2.0
1.3
7.4
9.5
9.2
9.8
9.2
8.4
7.2
0.8
1.0
1.4
2.9
4.0
4.5
5.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
1.0
1.5
2.2
2.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.9
2.3
2.7
2.7
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.7
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
1.4
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.9
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
5.0
6.3
6.2
7.2
7.5
8.8
7.1
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.3
1.0
0.9
0.6
3.2
4.2
4.0
4.1
3.9
4.0
2.6
0.3
0.4
0.6
1.4
2.0
2.7
2.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
1.0
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
5.4
6.6
6.5
6.8
6.8
5.6
7.0
2.4
2.6
2.2
1.4
1.0
0.8
0.5
2.8
3.8
4.0
4.7
4.5
3.6
3.8
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.0
0.9
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
2009-10
18.4
0.2
0.9
6.2
6.4
3.5
1.2
3.5
0.1
0.6
0.7
1.3
0.8
7.2
0.4
2.2
2.7
1.6
0.3
7.5
0.4
3.4
3.0
0.6
0.1
30
Highly skilled:
Skilled:
Unskilled:
Legislatures, Professional workers and Technicians

Clerk, Service and Salesmen, Agriculture workers, Craftsmen and Plant Operators
Elementary occupations
31
Table 14 Unemployed by Area and Gender

(Million)
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Pakistan
Both Sexes
3.1
3.6
3.5
3.1
2.7
2.7
3.0
3.0
Male
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.2
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.8
Female
1.1
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.1
1.2
Both Sexes
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.2
Male
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.8
Female
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
Both Sexes
1.9
2.2
2.1
1.8
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
Male
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.0
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.8
Urban
Rural
Female
Source:
32
Table 15 Unemployed by Literacy, Education and Gender

Pakistan
1999-00
2001-02
(Million)
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Total
3.1
3.6
3.5
3.1
2.7
2.7
3.0
3.0
2.4
2.5
2.2
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.1
1.2
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.1
1.2
Both Sexes
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
Male
0.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
Female
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
Both Sexes
0.9
1.1
1.1
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.8
Male
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.6
Female
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
Both Sexes
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Male
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
Female
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Both Sexes
Male
Female
Illiterate
Below Matric
Matric
33
Continued from the

previous table
1999-00
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Intermediate
Both Sexes
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
Male
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
Both Sexes
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Male
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
Both Sexes
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Male
0.0
0.0
0.0
Female
0.0
0.0
0.0
Female
Degree
Female
Post Graduate
Source:
34
Part C
Emigration Statistics
35
Table 16 Number of Emigrants by Occupation

S. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Categories
Engineers
Doctors
Nurses
Teachers
Accountants
Managers
Welders
Secretary /
Stenographers
Storekeepers
Agriculturists
Clerk / Typists
Foreman / Supervisors
Masons
Carpenters
Electricians
Cooks
Plumbers
Waiter / Bearers
Steel Fixers
Painters
Labourers
Technicians
Mechanics
Cable Jointers
Drivers
Operators
Tailors
Surveyors
2005
983
544
620
419
729
1,393
1,437
2006
1,388
519
467
492
998
2,464
3,104
2007
2,205
470
193
669
1,277
2,804
4,431
2008
3,330
554
259
533
2,333
3,164
6,070
2009
2,388
601
427
502
1,279
2,147
5,352
2010
2,445
839
916
555
1,412
1,937
5,124
123
329
7,726
1,090
1,522
9,696
8,027
4,202
2,325
1,582
361
4,935
2,516
54,737
8,653
3,755
96
11,628
3,709
2,294
128
167
774
10,781
1,677
1,871
9,704
8,861
5,688
2,797
2,878
589
6,318
3,307
75,098
8,370
4,344
134
14,116
3,867
2,773
288
88
485
12,809
1,639
2,896
16,214
12,787
8,560
2,527
4,510
717
9,860
4,978
130,893
11,076
6,784
80
26,505
5,016
4,092
501
78
792
17,584
3,047
3,755
36,260
26,678
15,456
3,337
8,703
879
17,904
6,474
187,844
17,911
9,682
210
27,419
9,536
4,551
897
86
454
11,420
2,086
2,773
38,087
22,556
15,731
4,249
8,301
1,727
16,782
7,747
168,520
18,007
10,007
709
33,501
8,113
5,293
686
105
504
9,157
2,661
1,962
30,616
18,553
14,519
4,040
7,678
1,148
14,403
6,506
144,113
20,482
11,886
1,073
34,905
8,277
4,053
553
36
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Source:
Fitters
Denter
Computer Programmer /
Analysts
Designers
Goldsmiths
Pharmacists
Riggers
Salesmen
Draftsmen
Blacksmiths
Photographers
Artists
Others
Total
1,548
461
2,926
613
3,766
906
7,644
1,048
6,371
2,192
4,448
1,635
443
46
135
16
118
3969
63
98
18
443
442
143,329
672
62
321
31
718
4115
115
176
11
289
424
184,274
934
59
147
12
1048
4893
111
267
14
186
332
287,707
940
70
76
21
556
5655
226
156
10
118
117
431,842
624
214
90
18
468
4401
138
260
45
104
34
404,454
598
68
40
59
129
6647
133
430
16
63
34
364,685
Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment (BE&OE), Overseas Employment Corporation (OEC).
37
Table 17 Number of Emigrants by Country

S. No
Countries
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
U.A.E.
Algeria.
Angola
Bahrain
Brunei
Gabon
Gen-Island
Greece
Guinea
Hong Kong
Iran
Iraq
Jordan
Kenya
Kuwait
Libya
Lebanon
Malaysia
74,150
1,612
71
30
2
12
6
102
1
7,185
287
4
7,707
100,611
1
11
1,631
77
6
36
12
16
3
43
7
10,545
68
4
4,837
139,784
5
70
2,615
56
1
6
5
16
3
67
14,548
450
8
1,198
222,097
37
68
5,940
66
12
5
22
3
106
7
6,251
953
18
1,809
140,997
73
379
7,087
74
1
14
2
20
3
1
55
6
1,542
1,297
16
2,462
113,322
37
4
5,877
62
10
33
4
1
172
4
153
2,285
21
3,371
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Nigeria
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Sierra Leone
Sudan
Singapore
Somalia
Spain
Tanzania
Tunisia
Uganda
U.K
U.S.A
25
8,039
2,176
35,798
360
6
1
290
65
1
1,611
238
55
12,660
2,274
46,079
7
140
8
1
183
39
1,741
202
57
32,570
5,014
84,766
3
128
11
4
176
41
3
1,111
297
105
37,580
10,171
138,495
4
60
16
2
85
65
7
12
756
232
125
34,315
4,061
201,896
109
39
4
16
75
4
556
184
162
38,058
3,039
190,611
324
58
8
6
76
5
430
196
38
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Yemen
West Africa
South Africa
Zambia
Japan
South Korea
Croatia
Turkmenistan
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
81
38
5
22
1,970
109
127
65
1
53
1,082
10
163
45
4
33
434
5
151
93
11
45
2,304
97
241
314
30
48
1,465
20
170
1
184
15
30
905
28
Cyprus
Turkey
China
Cameroon
32
154
-
111
2
435
-
206
7
300
1
129
3
172
-
144
2
312
-
50
33
191
3
Morocco
Italy
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Germany
Azerbaijan
551
15
2
4
2
7
431
3
4
80
8
4
4
2,765
3
9
1
5
3
1
2,876
8
15
3
6
10
1
5,416
21
15
7
9
10
3,738
28
17
1
2
6
986
404,452
954
364,685
Ethopia
1
20
Others
562
541
706
934
Total
143,329
184,274
287,707
431,842
Source: Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment (BE&OE), Overseas Employment Corporation (OEC).
39
Table 18 Number of Workers Proceeded Abroad by Skills

(Numbers)
Year
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Total
Source:
Highly
Qualified
Highly Skilled
Skilled
Semi Skilled
Un-Skilled
3,291
3,737
5,708
8,178
9,713
4,633
7,081
15,557
15,467
16,332
20,975
33,173
2,537
31,650
77,033
57,793
71,898
110,938
177,791
99,428
165,726
3,840
2,675
3,375
3,243
4,209
6,547
5,181
74,103
62,463
85,878
143,699
205,428
132,602
153,266
42,341
135,691
760,607
29,070
857,439
Total
173,824
142,135
183,191
287,033
430,314
245,747
362,904
1,825,148
Bureau of Emigration & Overseas Employment (BE & OE)
40
Table 19 Number of Workers Proceeded Abroad by Province

Numbers
Year
Punjab
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
97,045
77,476
100,181
154,300
206,284
154,491
190,547
980,32
4
Total
11,914
11,801
14,830
20,426
31,835
23,722
31,814
42,946
35,013
44,937
76,669
131,342
87,630
98,222
3,194
2,750
3,172
3,952
6,763
3,424
3,130
Azad
Kashmir
11,106
9,327
12,041
19,324
31,881
24,885
22,535
146,342
516,759
26,385
131,099
Sindh
K.P.K
Balochistan
Gilgit &
Baltistan
253
190
364
504
378
424
458
Tribal
Area
7,366
5,578
7,666
11,858
21,831
16,001
16,198
2,571
86,498
Pakistan
173,824
142,135
183,191
287,033
430,314
310,577
362,904
1,889,978
41
Table 20 Country Wise Workers Remittances

(Million US Dollar)
Items
I. Cash
1. USA
2. U.K.
3. Saudi Arabia
4. UAE
5. Other GCC Countries
Bahrain
Kuwait
Qatar
Oman
6. EU Countries
Germany
France
Netherlands
Spain
Italy
Greece
Sweden
Denmark
Ireland
Belgium
7. Norway
8. Switzerland
9. Australia
10. Canada
11. Japan
12. Other Countries
II. Encashment & Profit in Pak Rs. of Foreign
Exchange Bearer Certificates (FEBCs) & Foreign
Currency Bearer Certificates(FCBCs)
Total (I+II)
% age Change
Source:
2003-04
3,826.16
1,225.09
333.94
565.29
597.48
451.54
80.55
177.01
88.69
105.29
74.51
46.52
3.64
5.65
0.78
2.21
0.26
2.06
8.11
1.26
4.02
10.22
29.11
13.66
22.90
5.28
497.14
2004-05
4,152.29
1,294,08
371.86
627.19
712.61
512.14
91.22
214.78
86.86
119.28
101.51
53.84
4.11
8.80
4.59
6.74
1.24
2.75
10.55
3.31
5.58
18.30
22.71
19.64
48.49
6.51
417.25
2005-06
4,588.03
1,242.49
438.65
750.44
716.30
596.46
100.57
246.75
118.69
130.45
119.62
59.03
8.14
7.00
3.44
12.49
2.76
3.60
10.87
6.70
5.59
16.82
20.50
25.10
81.71
6.63
573.31
2006-07
5,490.97
1,459.64
430.04
1,023.56
866.49
757.33
136.28
288.71
170.65
161.69
149.00
76.87
8.94
7.17
7.58
12.10
2.83
3.69
16.24
5.59
7.99
22.04
18.06
31.24
87.20
4.26
642.11
2007- 08
6,448.84
1,762.03
458.87
1,251.32
1,090.30
983.39
140.51
384.58
233.36
224.94
176.64
73.33
9.87
9.07
17.84
14.03
5.39
5.36
19.46
15.72
6.57
28.78
22.72
39.03
100.62
4.75
530.39
2008-09
7,810.95
1,735.87
605.59
1,559.56
1,688.59
1,202.65
153.27
432.05
339.51
277.82
247.66
100.71
10.77
19.25
29.68
31.17
9.63
4.93
11.74
24.37
5.41
24.94
18.61
34.31
79.07
5.1
609
2009-10
8,904.88
1,771.19
876.38
1,917.66
2,038.52
1,237.87
151.35
445.09
354.15
287.27
252.22
81.21
28.07
9.41
39.29
39.32
12.26
6.49
12.84
18.84
4.50
34.68
21.94
56.27
115.12
5.68
577.35
45.42
16.50
12.09
2.68
2.40
0.48
1.02
3,871.58
8.62
4,168.79
7.68
4,600.12
10.35
5,493.65
19.43
6,451.24
17.43
7,811.43
21.08
8,905.90
14.01
State Bank of Pakistan / Economic Surveys
42
Part D
Education Statistics
43
Table 21 Total Enrolment in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

(Thousands)
Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
(P)
2009-10
(E)
10,271
10,898
11,900
11,657
13,088
14,182
14,879
15,784
14,105
14,560
15,094
16,207
17,258
16,834
17,042
18,360
3,040
3,305
3,816
3,605
3,726
4,032
4,098
4,112
3,759
3,821
3,918
4,321
4,550
5,262
5,368
5,427
1,168
1,315
1,525
1,447
1,521
1,658
1,703
1,726
1,565
1,574
1,589
1,800
1,880
2,133
2,315
2,484
High
Stage
Vocation
al
93
84
86
86
92
90
75
91
83
83
94
101
177
239
284
256
18,468
8,414
2,556
265
1,074
429
804
18,715
5,445
2,700
274
1,148
459
948
Primary Stage
(I-V)
Middle Stage
(VI-VIII)
High Stage
(IX-X)
Arts and
Science
Colleges
Profession
al
Colleges
Universitie
s
422
405
422
440
457
478
509
562
582
582
625
691
662
854
902
960
281
270
282
294
305
318
312
317
305
300
321
329
262
326
349
384
68
77
81
83
92
94
92
114
125
276
332
423
472
521
640
741
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source:
Academy of Educational Planning and Management, Islamabad
44
Table 22 Total Male Enrolment in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

(Thousands)
Middle
Primary
High Stage (IXYears
Stage (VIStage (I-V)
X)
VIII)
1992-93
6,575
2,046
811
1993-94
6,775
2,182
894
1994-95
7,192
2,469
1011
1995-96
7,067
2,335
967
1996-97
7,738
2,369
1001
1997-98
8,321
2,500
1053
1998-99
9,730
2,512
1064
1999-00
10,124
2,497
1073
2000-01
8,546
2,053
890
2001-02
8,689
2,315
930
2002-03
8,962
2,367
931
2003-04
9,601
2,584
1091
2004-05
10,039
2,687
1124
2005-06
9,546
3,093
1251
2006-07
9,626
3,127
1366
2007-08
10,328
3,148
1,462
2008-09 (P)
10,324
3,116
1,485
2009-10 (E)
10,418
3,110
1,564
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source: Academy of Educational Planning and Management, Islamabad
High Stage
Vocational
69
66
71
72
77
72
58
74
69
68
75
78
91
149
284
160
166
171
Arts and
Science
Colleges
271
256
256
261
266
277
275
299
299
297
319
353
341
426
446
508
566
615
Professional
Colleges
Universities
181
170
172
174
177
184
172
168
155
152
163
166
131
128
137
157
183
198
53
58
60
60
67
69
67
87
88
174
204
244
276
308
345
399
447
512
45
Table 23 Total Female Enrolment in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

(Thousands)
Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
(P)
2009-10
(E)
3,696
4,123
4,708
4,590
5,350
5,861
5,149
5,660
5,559
5,871
6,132
6,606
7,219
7,288
7,416
8,032
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
994
1,123
1,347
1,270
1,357
1,532
1,586
1,615
1,706
1,506
1,551
1,737
1,863
2,169
2,241
2,279
8,144
8,297
Primary
Stage (I-V)
357
421
514
480
520
605
639
653
675
644
658
709
756
882
949
1,022
24
18
15
14
15
18
17
17
14
15
19
23
86
90
96
Arts and
Science
Colleges
151
149
166
179
191
201
234
263
283
285
306
338
321
428
456
452
2,298
1,071
99
508
247
356
2,335
1,136
103
533
261
436
High Stage
(IX-X)
High Stage
Vocational
Profession
al Colleges
Universitie
s
100
100
110
120
128
134
140
149
150
148
158
163
131
198
212
227
15
19
21
23
25
25
25
27
37
102
128
179
196
213
295
342
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source: Academy of Educational Planning and Management, Islamabad
46
Table 24 Number of Students Dropped Out by Stage

(Thousands)
Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09 (P)
2009-10 (E)
Primary Stage
Middle Stage
6,966
7,082
8,295
7,931
9,056
10,084
10,767
12,025
10,284
10,642
10,773
11,657
11,996
11,466
11,676
11,833
13,023
High Schools
1,725
1,780
2,369
2,084
2,068
2,329
2,372
2,547
2,185
2,232
2,118
2,441
2,417
2,947
2,932
2,829
5,714
763
893
1,085
990
1,043
1,149
1,141
1,144
983
949
898
1,138
1,026
1,231
1,353
1,438
763
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source:
47
Table 25 Total Number of Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
(P)
2009-10
(E)
( 000 )
130.6
134.1
139.6
143.1
149.7
156.3
159.3
162.1
147.7
149.1
150.8
155.0
157.2
157.5
158.4
157.4
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
( 000 )
11.8
12.1
12.6
13.3
14.5
17.4
18.1
18.4
25.5
26.8
28.0
28.7
30.4
39.4
40.1
40.8
156.7
156.4
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
8.7
9.2
9.5
9.5
9.9
11.1
12.4
12.6
14.8
15.1
15.6
16.1
16.6
22.9
23.6
24.0
(Numbers)
602
474
487
577
578
574
580
612
630
607
585
636
2,859
3,059
3,125
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers)
800
824
863
909
1,141
1,056
1,137
1,222
1,710
1,784
1,855
1,989
1,604
2,996
3,095
3,213
40.9
24.3
3,159
3,291
1,238
129
41.5
24.8
3,193
3,399
1,275
132
High Stage
(IX-X)
( 000 )
High Stage
Vocational
Profession
al Colleges
Universitie
s
(Numbers)
260
260
271
286
310
315
336
356
366
376
386
426
677
1,135
1,166
1,202
(Numbers)
27
28
34
38
41
45
46
54
59
74
96
106
108
111
120
124
48
P: Professional
E: Estimated
*: Including Pre-Primary and Mosque Schools
Source:
Table 26 Number of Male Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09 (P)
2009-10 (E)
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
( 000 )
90.3
91.7
95.2
102.6
97.6
98.2
106.2
107.1
93.4
93.8
94.7
97.4
98.5
97.7
97.5
92.2
93.3
91.8
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
( 000 )
6.4
6.6
6.9
8.9
8.2
9.9
10.9
10.8
13.5
14
14.5
14.8
15.6
20.1
22.6
20.2
20.5
20.7
High Stage
(IX-X)
( 000 )
5.9
6.2
6.3
7.1
6.6
7.2
9.1
9.2
10.2
10.5
10.8
11
11.3
14.8
14.6
15
15.1
15.1
High Stage
Vocational
(Numbers)
286
256
266
353
353
351
352
379
394
368
355
384
1399
3059
0
1,618
1,636
1,653
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers)
507
521
546
571
759
656
704
758
1019
1053
1087
1167
920
1512
1675
1,571
1,620
1,658
Professiona
l Colleges
Universitie
s
(Numbers)
151
148
155
162
181
176
183
195
195
199
200
220
346
471
535
562
517
533
(Numbers)
27
28
34
38
41
45
46
54
59
74
96
106
108
111
120
124
129
132
49

Source:
Table 27 Number of Female Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
(P)
( 000 )
40.3
42.4
44.4
40.5
52.1
58.1
53.1
55.0
54.3
55.3
56.1
57.6
58.7
59.8
60.9
64.9
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
( 000 )
5.4
5.5
5.7
4.4
6.3
7.5
7.2
7.6
12.0
12.8
13.5
13.9
14.8
19.3
17.5
20.6
63.4
20.4
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
2.8
3.0
3.2
2.4
3.3
3.9
3.3
3.4
4.6
4.6
4.8
5.1
5.3
8.1
9.0
9.0
(Numbers)
316
218
221
224
225
223
228
233
236
239
230
252
1,460
1,507
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers)
293
303
317
338
382
400
433
464
691
731
768
822
684
1,484
1,420
1,642
9.2
1,523
1,671
High Stage
(IX-X)
( 000 )
High Stage
Vocational
Profession
al Colleges
Universitie
s
(Numbers)
109
112
116
124
129
139
153
161
171
177
186
206
331
664
631
700
(Numbers)
-
721
50
2009-10
(E)
64.6
20.8
9.7
1,540
1,741
742
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source:
Table 28 Total Number of Teachers in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
( 000 )
332.5
359.1
375.2
377.5
374.3
397.0
422.6
402.4
408.9
413.9
433.5
432.2
450.1
444.0
445.8
452.6
465.3
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
( 000 )
119.0
132.8
144.6
159.1
156.7
168.4
178.5
193.9
209.7
230.1
236.3
239.4
26.7
310.8
313.5
320.6
320.5
High
Stage (IXX)
( 000 )
165.6
217.4
227.6
217.6
224.7
252.9
231.6
247.8
260.3
270.2
278.0
276.9
282.1
362.2
366.6
429.9
439.3
High Stage
Vocational
(Numbers)
9,153
7,965
6,949
7,291
7,422
6,923
7,133
9,253
9,441
7,192
7,273
8,535
11,521
14,565
14,914
15,264
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers)
25,485
27,666
29,843
32,898
32,190
39,267
35,187
39,268
48,054
55,146
57,681
57,881
57,661
69,425
71,246
74,223
76,184
Professional
Colleges
(Numbers)
8,269
8,754
9,128
9,969
9,950
10,930
10,777
11,065
11,019
10,598
11,164
11,245
12,399
20,568
20,768
20,971
21,176
Universities
(Numbers)
5,728
5,217
5,316
5,417
5,162
5,515
4,911
5,914
5,988
5,160
6,180
37,428
37,469
37,509
44,537
46,893
50,825
51
(P)
2009-10
(E)
469.2
323.8
447.1
15,508
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source:
78,656
21,385
56,839
Table 29 Number of Male Teachers in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09 (P)
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
( 000 )
210
220.5
228.5
232.4
222.6
232.3
248.8
232.6
225.3
230.4
241.8
236.9
243.6
243
242.7
236.6
249.1
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
( 000 )
52.7
54.6
63.7
74.1
65.3
67.4
70.3
76.3
81.9
90.8
90.5
92.8
-124.8
109.2
110.2
112.4
111.5
High Stage
(IX-X)
High Stage
Vocational
( 000 )
97.5
128.9
125
127.8
125.9
140
124.1
132
135
144.1
146.1
142.7
143.5
164.8
166.1
210.3
213.8
(Numbers)
6,548
6,362
5,241
5,492
5,577
5,053
5,275
7,294
7,482
5,329
5,650
6,578
7,040
9,907
10,144
10,203
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers)
16,347
17,841
19,328
21,169
20,500
23,500
20,889
23,504
26,548
32,130
33,535
33,691
33,295
35,466
36,250
38,061
39,035
Professional
Colleges
Universities
(Numbers)
5,211
5,576
5,864
6,312
6,290
6,825
6,638
6,844
6,801
6,434
6,754
6,740
7,207
10,083
10,181
10,281
10,382
(Numbers)
4,981
4,299
4,377
4,490
4,243
4,539
4,074
4,740
4,686
3,913
4,805
37,428
37,469
37,509
44,537
46,893
50,825
52
2009-10 (E)
251
112.3
216
10,301
40,344
10,485
56,839
P: Professional
E: Estimated
Source:
Table 30 Number of Female Teachers in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level

Years
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09 (P)
Primary *
Stage (I-V)
Middle
Stage (VIVIII)
High
Stage (IXX)
( 000 )
( 000 )
( 000 )
122.5
138.6
146.7
145.1
151.7
164.7
173.8
169.8
183.6
183.5
191.7
195.3
206.5
201.0
203.1
216.0
216.2
66.3
78.2
80.9
85.0
91.4
101.0
108.2
117.6
127.8
139.3
145.8
146.6
151.5
201.6
203.3
208.2
209.0
68.1
88.5
102.6
89.8
98.8
112.9
107.5
115.8
125.3
126.1
131.9
134.2
138.6
197.4
200.5
219.6
225.5
High
Stage
Vocationa
l
(Numbers
)
2,605
1,603
1,708
1,799
1,845
1,870
1,858
1,959
1,959
1,863
1,623
1,957
4,481
4,658
4,770
5,061
Arts and
Science
Colleges
(Numbers
)
9,138
9,825
10,515
11,729
11,690
15,767
14,298
15,764
21,506
23,016
24,146
24,190
24,366
33,959
34,996
36,162
37,149
Profession
al Colleges
Universitie
s
(Numbers)
(Numbers)
3,058
3,178
3,264
3,657
3,660
4,105
4,139
4,221
4,218
4,164
4,410
4,505
5,192
10,485
10,587
10,690
10,794
747
918
939
927
919
976
837
1,174
1,302
1,247
1,375
-
53
2009-10 (E)
218.2
211.5
231.1
5,207
38,312
10,900

Source:
Table 31 Expenditure on Education

(In Billion Rs.)
Years
Current
Development
Expenditure of Education
Public Sector
Expenditure on
Education
As % of GDP
As % of Total
Expenditure
2000-01
69.5
6.4
75.9
1.82
10.6
2001-02
70.4
8.5
78.9
1.79
9.5
2002-03
79.5
10.4
89.9
1.86
10.0
2003-04
94.3
29.9
124.2
2.20
13.0
2004-05
106.6
33.4
140.0
2.15
12.5
2005-06
128.9
41.9
170.8
2.24
12.2
2006-07
159.9
56.6
216.5
2.50
12.0
2007-08
190.2
63.5
253.7
2.47
9.8
2008-09
200.4
75.1
275.5
2.10
11.52
54
2009-10 *
215.0
85.9
300.9
2.05
9.6
Source: Pakistan Economic Survey 2009-10

*: Estimated
55
Part- E
Technical Vocational Education Training
56
Table 32 Number of Vocational and Technical Training Centres, Capacity, Enrolment and Pass Out
Provinces
Punjab
Sindh
Khyber
Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
Federal Area
Pakistan
Source:
Note:
2004
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Number of Training
Centres
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
233
233
233
236
303
196
24,833
-
34,233
-
29,706
-
29,592
-
43208
73319
-
26,039
23,764
16,566
33
33
34
34
34
3,924
1,826
1,673
3,924
2,249
1,810
4,024
1,682
1,567
4,024
2,614
1571
4024
1669
1637
35
38
40
40
40
40
9,500
13,600
12,900
10,500
15,900
14,750
12,500
16,640
15,950
12,500
16,950
16,050
9,000
4,412
3,970
9,000
4,923
4,660
11
11
13
16
16
16
1,590
1,508
1,078
1,536
1,291
806
1,309
1,254
900
4,441
4,914
3,114
1,631
756
235
1,631
810
525
322
1,030
929
322
1,102
1,047
322
1,389
1,264
322
2,643
2,516
355
630
456
314
317
322
328
393
15,336
42,797
16,580
16,282
54,775
18,413
18,155
50,671
19,681
21,287
56,713
23,251
57,863
80,156
5,842
254
37,025
30,127
22,207
TEVTA Punjab & Provincial Directorates of Manpower and Training

Data of Sindh for the year 2009 is not available.
57
58
Table 33 Number of Apprenticeship Training Institutions, Capacity, Enrolment and Pass Out
Provinces
Punjab
Sindh
Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
Pakistan
2004
Number of Apprenticeship
Training Institutions /
Industries
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Training
Institutions/Industries
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Training Institutions/
Industries
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Industries
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
Industries
Present Capacity
Enrolment
Pass out
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
1,284
1,687
1,382
1,284
1,674
1,317
1,284
1,594
1,328
1,284
1,538
1,288
1,412
1,589
593
1,412
5,805
2,349
80
110
115
115
115
780
619
710
584
943
453
780
386
926
814
17
23
25
27
14
1,650
1,150
350
2,050
1,220
280
2,100
1,300
325
2,500
1,590
280
4000
1500
1447
320
446
437
24
24
24
24
24
24
288
71
69
288
90
90
288
81
81
288
73
73
288
52
52
288
57
57
126
3,222
3,688
2,420
162
3,622
3,694
2,271
169
3,672
3,918
2,187
171
4,072
3,981
2,027
158
5,700
4,067
2,906
31
2,020
6,308
2,843
Source: TEVTA Punjab & Provincial Directorates of Manpower and Training

Note: Data of Sindh for the year 2009 is not available
59
Part - F
Employment Exchange Statistics
60
Table 34 Number of Applicants Registered, Placed, Vacancies Notified and Filled in Pakistan 2006
Number of Applicants
On the live
Register at
the end of
Previous
Year
Registered
Placed
Punjab
26,101
10,660
Sindh
34,025
Province/
Area
Khyber
Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
Pakistan
Source:
Number of Vacancies
Removed
On the
live
Register
at the end
of Year
Outstanding
at beginning
of the Year
Fresh
Notified
Filled
Cancelled
Outstanding
at the end
of the Year
178
9,045
27,538
183
170
13
47,479
10,931
31,375
39,198
21
10,965 10,931
55
7,614
8,117
341
2,303
13,087
19
482
341
137
23
76
36
14
33
65
21
14
67,816
66,292
11,464
42,756
79,888
48
11,651 11,456
158
85
Provincial Directorates of Manpower & Training
61
On the live
Register at
the end of
Previous
Year
Registered
Placed
Punjab
27,538
10,114
Sindh
39,198
Khyber
Pakhtunkhawa
Province/
Area
Balochistan
Pakistan
Source:
Number of Vacancies
Removed
On the
live
Register
at the end
of Year
Outstanding
at beginning
of the Year
Fresh
Notified
Filled
Cancelled
Outstanding
at the end
of the Year
150
6,586
30,916
161
148
16
41,723
10,196
37,350
33,375
55
10,207 10,196
23
43
13,087
2,091
456
3,221
11,501
23
369
331
22
39
65
35
11
27
62
16
11
79,888
53,963
10,813
47,184
75,854
85
10,753 10,686
54
98
62
On the live
Register at
the end of
Previous
Year
Registered
Placed
Punjab
30,916
12,408
Sindh
33,375
Khyber
Pakhtunkhawa
Province/
Area
Balochistan
Pakistan
Source:
Number of Vacancies
Removed
On the
live
Register
at the end
of Year
Outstanding
at beginning
of the Year
Fresh
Notified
Filled
Cancelled
Outstanding
at the end
of the Year
149
6,651
36,524
16
152
158
47,723
9,851
34,649
36,598
43
9,890
9,851
53
29
11,501
10,091
636
4,038
16,918
39
544
405
47
139
62
28
21
63
75,854
70,250
10,642
45,359
90,103
98
10,592 10,420
105
173
63
On the
live
Register
at the end
of
Previous
Year
Register
ed
Punjab
36524
Sindh
Khyber
Number of Vacancies
Placed
Remov
ed
On the
live
Register
at the
end of
Year
Outstandin
g at
beginning
of the Year
Fresh
Notifie
d
29064
100
13717
51771
36598
49976
10621
36751
39202
16174
16723
531
10471
Baluchist
an
63
20
Pakistan
89359
95783
11260
Province/
Area
Source:
Filled
Cancell
ed
Outstandi
ng at the
end of the
Year
402
112
270
25
29
10674
1062
1
20
62
21895
398
638
531
45
460
23
52
60962
112920
432
11722
1127
2
335
547
64
Part-G
Labour Statistics
Table 38 Total Number of Shops, Commercial, Industrial and Public Entertainment Establishments with Total Number of Employees
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
65
Shops
Commercial Establishments
Industrial Establishments
Establishment of public
Entertainment & amusements
Total Shops & Establishments

Source:
Note:
Numbers
314,552
383,382
391,591
316,518
410,010
390,438
283,698
Employee
s
198,154
288,081
294,774
227,032
300,644
281,170
142,577
Numbers
68,172
75,695
75,643
27,591
27,568
37,885
31,722
Employee
s
64,202
99,067
98,688
71,711
87,328
79,597
54,853
Numbers
277,658
296,095
291,917
33,768
40,156
41,657
34,873
Employee
s
144,975
167,718
172,018
131,498
158,763
153,171
20,136
6,991
8,227
8,565
7,153
7,156
7,129
8,024
29,098
35,984
37,938
27,209
23,516
24,775
21,283
Numbers
667,373
694,399
488,683
385,030
484,833
475,109
358,317
Employee
s
436,429
591,800
593,533
457,450
560,821
562,550
342,849
Numbers
Employee
s
Provincial Directorate Labour Welfare

Data of Sindh 2009 and Balochistan for the year 2006 & 2009 is not available
Table 39 Daily Average Number of Workers Employed in Factories by Type of Industry

Industry
Perennial
Textile
2003
65,516
2004
64,044
2005
66,824
2006
74,170
2007
72,841
2008
41,838
66
Engineering
22,314
22,227
23,607
26,144
25,520
16,496
8,149
8,063
8,642
11,029
11,641
9,267
16,448
16,231
15,622
14,414
16,745
15,295
3,452
3,124
4,854
5,370
4,270
3,200
22,842
22,518
23,056
23,416
24,267
15,966
Skins & hides
5,291
5,452
6,772
7,216
7,352
7,065
Wood stone & glass
8,094
7,839
8,016
8,445
9,073
2,235
Gins & Press
Ordinance
10,411
9,680
11,502
8,058
8,757
8,108
7,695
2,755
7,582
1,928
6,134
5,536
11,367
3,653
35,875
12,155
7,950
6,328
Chemical & dyes
4,151
4,912
2,900
Wood stone & Glass
Miscellaneous
Grand total
(Perennial +
Seasonal)
2,205
172,967
169,486
180,565
197,433
233,408
138,853
Mineral & metals

Food, drink & Tobacco
Paper & Printing
Mints
Chemical & dyes
Miscellaneous
Seasonal
Food, drink & Tobacco
Gins & Press
Source: Provincial Directorates of Labour Welfare

Note:
Data of K.P.K and Balochistan for the year 2008 is not available.
Table 40 Distribution of Employees in Perennial and Seasonal Factories

Major Industry
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
67
Perennial:
Chemical & Dyes
34,433
34,956
38,232
42,439
43,770
Engineering
Food, Drink & Tobacco
Mineral & Metals
Paper & Printing
Skin & Hides
Textile
Wood, Stone & Glass
Miscellaneous
Total
Seasonal:
Chemical & Dyes
86,182
88,521
46,988
28,213
15,508
294,822
36,902
129,159
760,728
88,119
89,965
50,064
29,673
17,580
302,251
38,519
136,843
787,970
90,541
94,362
49,499
31,177
20,652
306,675
40,570
127,335
799,043
93,669
98,789
50,139
36,275
24,947
314,242
45,216
146,722
852,438
95,003
100,652
50,651
36,825
26,449
321,647
50,427
143,215
868,699
182,307
61,582
10,479
81,260
29,031
37,229
23,420
35,509
142,748
603,565
170,365
65,301
10,112
81,580
30885
38727
25201
35135
210071
667377
9,351
9,599
9,877
11,395
11,570
13,701
Food, Drink & Tobacco

Gins & Presses
Miscellaneous
Total
Grand Total
36,369
6,474
52,194
812,922
36,581
6,626
52,806
840,776
36,879
6,831
53,587
859,530
37,859
7,290
56,544
908,982
40,029
7,335
58,934
927,633
9,396
2,580
3,590
29,267
632,832
14110
9215
2670
3650
29645
697022
Source:
Note:
Provincial Directorates of Labour Welfare

The data of Sindh for the year 2008, 2009 and Balochistan for the year 2009 is not available
Table 41 Daily Average Employment in Mines, Oil and Gas Fields

Year
All Minerals
Surface
Underground
Open Cost
Working
Oil &Gas Field
68
2003
116,517
23,842
54,391
24,254
14,030
2004
156,156
19,805
60,918
23,773
51,659
2005
161,643
30,123
67,108
20,892
43,520
2006
207,948
31,542
74,010
26,617
75,779
2007
141,072
32,607
81,518
34,528
49,700
2008
133,943
25,657
76,848
31,438
50,100
2009
176,548
20,607
76,306
32,135
47,500
Source:
Note:
Central & Provincial Inspectorate of Mines

Data of K.P.K for the year 2009 is not available.
69
Table 42 Number of Registered, Working and Reporting Factories under Factories Act-1934
Number of Registered Factories
Province
Number of Working Factories
Number of Reporting Factories
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
200
8
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
200
8
200
3
200
4
200
5
200
6
200
7
200
8
Punjab
5,54
8
5,75
0
6,04
2
6,27
1
8,66
2
9467
5,17
5
5,26
0
5,32
0
7,91
6
8,57
0
9292
570
615
726
806
898
930
Sindh
5,82
0
6,05
0
5,86
4
6,01
9
6,25
8
6435
5,00
8
4,86
3
4,85
5
4,49
2
4,72
5
5988
878
781
825
723
772
629
Khyber
664
737
520
538
559
575
293
366
395
403
424
440
276
348
360
403
424
440
Balochist
an
294
297
299
305
310
310
125
131
135
158
163
182
104
112
110
146
154
182
Pakistan
12,3
26
12,8
34
12,7
25
13,1
33
15,7
89
16,7
87
10,6
01
10,6
20
10,7
05
12,9
69
13,8
82
15,9
02
1,8
28
1,8
56
2,0
21
2,0
78
2,2
48
2,1
81
Source:
70
Table 43 Daily Average Number of Workers in Reporting Factories by Gender

Provinces
Both
Sexes
2005
2006
2007
2008
44,849
46,642
43,602
95,508
66,300
73,400
Sindh
85,397
78,802
83,075
84,666
82,506
58,645
Khyber
42,741
44,042
43,889
44,009
45,041
45,922
Balochistan
12,201
12,386
13,241
13,773
185,188
181,872
183,807
224,183
193,847
191,740
Punjab
44,787
46,571
43,513
59,412
66,175
73,169
Sindh
80,552
74,903
78,369
79,341
77,537
55,738
Khyber
41,465
42,766
42,469
42,589
43,621
44,359
Balochistan
11,806
11,991
12,846
13,773
178,610
176,231
177,197
181,342
187,333
187,039
62
71
89
96
125
231
Sindh
4,845
3,899
4,706
5,325
4,969
2,907
Khyber
1,276
1,276
1,420
1,420
1,420
1,563
395
395
395
6,578
5,641
6,610
6,841
6,514
4,701
Pakistan
Punjab
Females
2004
Punjab
Pakistan
Males
2003
Balochistan
Pakistan
Source:
Provincial Directorate of Manpower & Training
Note: The Data of Balochistan for the year 2006-07 is not available
Sindh (Number of Workers Employed for the year 2008 is not available).
71
Table 44 Weekly Working Hours for Males and Females in Perennial Factories
Year
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Perennial Factories
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Number of Factories
Reporting
Number of Workers
Employed
Total
Male
Below 42 42 to 48 Over 48
hrs
hrs
hrs
Total
Female
Below 42 42 to 48
hrs
hrs
Total
Above 48 (M & F)
hrs
1,512
224
1,288
158
42
116
1,670
117,457
30,828
86,629
6,080
764
5,316
123,537
1,453
122
1,331
154
18
136
1,607
154,779
23,282
131,497
5,197
463
4,734
159,976
1,541
73
1,456
12
247
12
235
1,788
102,935
5,730
96,508
697
6,148
745
5,403
109,083
1,707
68
1,594
45
195
195
1,902
176,319
6,746
112,944
56629
6,808
6,808
183,127
1,801
48
1,753
190
190
1,991
163,615
5,496
158,119
5,885
5,885
169,500
50,358
37
50,321
2,945
2,945
53,303
114,119
2,920
111,199
1,794
1,794
115,913
Source:
Provincial Directorate of Labour Welfare
Note: The data of Balochistan for years 2006 and 2007 is not available
is not available.
45: Sindh (number of workers employed) for the year 2008
72
Part H
Industrial Disputes & Labour Judiciary
73
Table 45 Work Stoppages (Strikes/Lockouts) due to Industrial Disputes by Province

Year
Number of work
Stoppages
Number of workers
involved
Man days lost
Source:
Punjab
Sindh
Khyber
Balochistan
Pakistan
2003
18
18
2004
14
15
2005
15
19
2006
13
17
2007
20
21
2008
15
17
2003
8,189
8,189
2004
8,664
60
8,724
2005
8,932
1,245
10,177
2006
5,963
1,800
225
7,988
2007
11,020
225
11,245
2008
5,626
223
75
5,924
2003
47,719
47,719
2004
94,884
240
95,124
2005
99,167
3,765
102,932
2006
79,637
6,002
112
85,751
2007
99,899
2,250
102,149
2008
14,300
893
11,475
26,668
74
Table 46 Number of Cases Instituted and Disposed off by National Industrial Relation Commission
Years
Brought
Forwarded
Instituted /
Received
Total
Disposed
Off
Balance
2003
1,780
1,472
3,252
1,496
1,756
2004
1,756
1,346
3,102
1,476
1,626
2005
1,626
1,303
2,929
1,426
1,503
2006
1,503
1,373
2,876
1,757
1,119
2007
1,119
1,108
2,227
1,170
1,057
2008
1,057
2,407
3,464
1,159
2,305
2009
2,305
2,216
4,521
1,466
3,055
2010
3,055
2,510
5,565
3,198
2,367
75
Source:
National Industrial Relation Commission (N.I.R.C)
76
Part- I
Trade Unions
77
Table 47 Number of Registered Trade Unions and Membership by Gender

2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Number of registered trade

unions
7,183
7,104
7,129
7,029
7,051
6,793
Number of reporting trade

unions
2,493
2,442
2,428
2,405
2,404
1,209
503,450
474,370
472,837
451,798
455,770
245,383
483,052
453,934
454,435
437,141
441,201
240,989
20,398
20,436
18,402
14,657
14,569
4,394
Membership of the reporting

trade unions
Male
Female
Source:
78
Table 48 Number of Registered Reporting Trade Unions and Their Membership

2005
S. No. Industry
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
91
168
24
16
90
85
18
20
40
104
131
11
7
11
38
94
147
40
Membership
20,225
23,000
2,885
10,524
13,491
14,229
5,327
22,490
5,022
22,301
19,507
1,633
299
5,870
5,460
21,825
12,188
11,701
Trade Union
2007
Membership
Trade
Union
2008
Membership Trade Union Membership
83
166
23
16
41
82
9
18
14
93
57
11
40
63
145
38
16,158
23,287
2,815
9,420
7,264
13,742
3,016
22,994
308
12,342
7,702
5,872
6,201
18,194
32,814
11,427
74
32
123
406
31
43
29
90
3
98
9
13
86
21
54
148
266
21
19,716
3,140
23,357
79,946
7,923
6,163
6,796
14,169
270
25,891
1,083
4,961
14,917
30,147
11,570
20,428
38,612
9,960
12
5
28
199
13
14
8
20
1
81
6
4
27
0
24
30
48
3
2,433
563
15,956
56,756
2,026
1,844
4,692
1,799
242
17,956
1,175
1,212
5,226
2,602
5,648
14,046
243
Petroleum & Oil

6
1,310
3
Post &
20
5
4,383
6
Telecommunication
21
Railways & Transport
153
36,912
155
22
Textile
383
82,754
370
23
Tobacco
111
7,094
115
24
Wood stone & Glass
44
6,272
52
25
Miscellaneous
609
74,840
39
Total
2,446
431,542
1,639
Source:
Note:
Data of Sindh and Balochistan for the year 2008 is not available.
670
41
7,268
41
7,268
4,411
15
336
21
5,002
37,001
82,434
26,454
6,152
5,304
355,982
60
9
7
53
1,732
7,855
3,018
1,046
4,306
342,878
37
2
9
0
221
854
5,434
73
3,008
27,225
182,429
19
Agriculture
Banks
Beverage
Building & Construction
Business & Commerce
Chemical & Dyes
Cotton Ginning
Dock & Port
Electricity
Engineering & Metal
Food
Hotel
Insurance
Jute
Leather & Rubber
Mining
Municipalities
Paper Printing
Trade Union
2006
79
Table 49 Comparative Statement of Income and Expenditures of Reporting Trade Unions
Years
No. Of
Reporting
Trade
Unions
2003
1,332
2004
1,341
2005
1,252
2006
1,161
2007
1,192
2008
767
Source:
Note:
Funds In
Hand
15,520,77
0
14,371,04
3
25,608,41
5
21,388,01
7
14,162,14
8
14,243,13
1
Income
Total Funds
Expenditure
Closing
Balance
Average
Funds
Available
Average
Expenditure
24,045,458
39,566,228
18,061,682
18,504,546
104,686
49,573
25,574,906
39,945,949
16,861,169
23,084,790
122,607
69,844
26,192,587
51,801,002
21,934,924
29,866,078
194,826
89,091
18,244,588
39,632,605
16,363,688
23,268,917
129,838
54,102
27,807,238
41,969,386
19,132,752
15,950,664
146,711
38,327
20,262,463
34,505,594
21,689,515
12,216,079
123,372
77,437
Provincial Directorate Labour Welfare

Data of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa for the year 2008 and Balochistan for the year 2006 & 2007 is not available
80
Part- J
Industrial Accidents
81
Table 50 Number of Industrial Accidents by Nature

Nature of
Accidents
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Total
354
404
415
438
460
449
326
Fatal
32
34
38
50
85
108
45
Serious
103
68
101
106
130
92
62
Minor
219
302
276
282
245
239
219
Source: Note:

Data of Sindh for year 2009 & Baluchistan for the years 2004, 2005 and 2006 is not available.
82
Table 51 Number of Accidents in Oil and Gas Fields

2003
2004
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involv
ed
Fatal
14
Serious
2005
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
person
s
involv
ed
14
10
32
30
Minor
37
Dangero
us
Occurren
ce
Type of
Accident
Total
Source:
2006
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involv
ed
10
21
36
53
20
20
103
97
2007
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involv
ed
24
31
40
18
28
79
86
2008
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involv
ed
13
35
20
18
55
58
2009
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involv
ed
Number
of
Acciden
ts
Numbe
r of
Person
s
involve
d
10
10
11
01
01
20
23
26
28
20
21
22
12
33
12
14
15
16
09
45
62
46
53
53
45
38
66
Central Inspectorate of Mines
83
Table 52 Classification of Accidents by Causes

Machinery
Year
2006
Fatal
Serio
us
Minor
Total
2007
Fatal
Serio
us
Minor
Total
2008
Fatal
Serio
us
Minor
Total
Source:
Transport
Others
Perso
n
Fallin
g
Fallin
g
Objec
t
Hand
Tools
Electrici
ty
Position
Corrosive
Substance
&
Occupation
al Diseases
Explosi
on &
Fine
Misl
Total
(All)
Prime
Move
rs
Transmissi
on
Liftin
g
Workin
g
Rolling
Stock
On Line
Rolling
Stock
Not
On Line
2
2
2
6
22
37
109
168
3
28
41
72
4
2
6
1
1
2
1
1
6
11
29
46
2
2
3
8
15
26
8
17
84
109
50
106
282
438
15
27
107
149
1
63
71
135
1
2
5
8
3
3
7
9
15
31
10
7
30
47
5
26
52
83
39
134
283
456
62
62
17
24
107
148
2
24
28
54
4
4
10
6
17
33
9
9
31
49
8
25
56
89
108
92
239
439
84
Table 53 Number of Industrial Accidents in Pakistan by Industry

Fatal Accidents
Province
Perenni
al
Serious Accidents
Season
al
Perenni
al
Season
al
Minor Accidents
Perenni
al
All Accidents
Season
al
Perenni
al
Season
al
Grand
Total
2003
32
67
219
318
318
2004
41
104
250
395
404
2005
37
104
267
408
415
2006
49
106
281
436
438
2007
113
107
255
475
475
2008
46
92
239
377
377
Source:

Data of Balochistan for the year 2004-05 & 2006 is not available.
85
Part - K
Labour Inspection & Prosecution
86
Table 54 Number of Inspection, Infringements and Prosecutions

Years
Number of Inspection Staff
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
184
184
188
191
111
314
360,258
397,073
411,740
363,677
304,689
351,377
Number of Infringements Detected
69,160
72,629
73,066
50,601
31,069
45,059
Number of Cases Reported to the Courts

During the Year
60,930
63,524
67,390
177,285
24,942
27,450
Number of Cases Disposed off by Courts

During the Year
54,562
55,989
86,996
39,300
16,559
17,835
3,028,6
95
3,447,55
0
2,834,64
3
2,357,58
9
1,357,13
5
1,897,69
0
Number of Shops & Establishments.

Inspected
Fine Realized (In Rs.)
Source:
Note: Data of Sindh for the year 2007 and Balochistan for the year 2006 is not available,
Data of Sindh for the year 2008 (cases disposed off & Fine Realized) is not available.
87
Table 55 Number of Work Places Registered and Inspection of Factories

Year
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Number. of Inspection Staff
64
64
64
203
203
Total Number of Registered

Factories
11,670
12,166
12,301
14,998
15,654
Perennial
4,151
2,471
2,847
2,810
2,916
Seasonal
119
114
75
117
124
Perennial
6,986
9,159
8,914
11,639
12,187
Seasonal
414
422
465
432
427
Number of Factories
Inspected
Not Inspected
Source:
Note:

Balochistan for the year 2003 to 2005 is not available
Inspection in Province of the Punjab is closed, due to Provincial Industrial Policy.
88
Table 56 Inspection of Ships and Docks
Inspections
Notice issued
Source:
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
1,474
1,624
2,009
2,126
2,421
2,358
2800
09
06
04
12
31
26
14
Directorate of Dock Workers Safety
89
Table 57 Number of Inspections, Training Courses and Compensation Paid to the Workers by the Employers in Oil and Gas Fields
2003
Number of inspections
carried out
Number
of
training
courses conducted
2004
2005
2006
2007
25
17
23
27
16
12
136
390
35
176
Number of affected
Compensation paid
(Rs. million)
3.671
0.600
1.380
Number of participants
Source:
2008
2009
34
45
44
10
15
19
108
166
159
10
04
1.916
3.800
10.325
0.748
Central Inspectorate of Mines (CIM)
90
Part - L
Social Security
91
Table 58 Performance of Social Security Institutions

Year
2006-07
Province
Number of
Registered
Establishments
Pakistan
Punjab
Sindh
Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
2007-08
2008-09
Male
925,569
574,835
301,720
42,928
Female
129,738
56,851
70,167
2,347
Total Income of
Institutions
(Rs. million)
4,035,779
3,790,116
1,859
226,380
3,834.61
2,628.79
1,156.99
0.14
Total
Expenditure
of Institutions
(Rs. million)
3,567.25
2,534.77
891.38
97.62
271
6,459
6,086
373
17,424
48.69
43.47
1,102,668
644,566
405,723
46,679
5,700
1,192,096
644,566
967,880
586,556
331,476
44,148
5,700
1,038,328
586,556
134,788
58,010
74,247
2,531
153,768
58,010
6,130,733
3,867,396
2,028,615
233,395
1,327
6,627,488
3,867,396
4,129.82
2,633.99
1,321.52
155.62
18.69
5,850.61
3,273.93
3,758.13
2,628.86
999.35
121.27
8.65
5,936.71
3,216.75
21,617
492,180
399,433
92,747
2,460,900
1,760.73
1,985.50
3,388
46,602
44,071
2,531
279,612
194.10
158.24
820
8,748
8,268
480
19,580
621.85
576.22
70,018
1,315,267
1,163,168
152,099
4,606,048
6,969.00
5,501.00
Punjab
41,252
701,095
658,451
42,644
3,961,603
4,200.67
4,055.30
Sindh
24,445
547,468
441,601
105,867
273,740
1,777.80
1,199.71
4,044
58,534
5,5401
3,133
351,204
218.50
172.98
277
8,170
7,715
455
19,501
771.74
73.00
Sindh
Balochistan
Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
Source:
Total
1,055,307
631,686
371,887
45,275
Number of
Dependents
61,706
37,847
20,375
3,307
177
63,672
37,847
Pakistan
Punjab
Sindh
Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
Balochistan
Pakistan
Punjab
Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
2009-10
59,323
36,456
19,448
3,148
Number of Secured Workers
Provincial Social Security Institution
92
Table 59 Achievements of WWF

2005
A) Development
Projects
(Completed)
Nos.
I) Housing Sector
Houses
819
Flats
No. of Projects
5
II) Education
Schools
6
Tech Institutes
Industrial Homes
1
III) Health
Hospitals
5
Dispensaries
9
Wards (20 beds)
IV) Water Supply
1
Schemes
V) Mine Rescue
Equipment
Total No. of
22
Projects
B) Other Welfare
Nos.
Measures
Marriage Grants
12298
Death Grants
944
Scholarship
6384
Excellence Awards
Total
19626
Source: Workers Welfare Fund
2006
2007
2008
2009
Cost Rs. In
(M)
Nos.
Cost Rs. In
(M)
Nos.
Cost Rs. In
(M)
Nos.
Cost Rs. In
(M)
Nos.
Cost Rs. In
(M)
345
-
140
700
3
66
295
-
900
6
378
-
1000
1
360
-
200
228
4
105
151
256
145
5
4
1
146
4
13
1
304
3
5
4
53
34
718
51
-
1
5
-
10
23
-
378
1
2
2
109
12
6
11
61
42
1275
14
595
20
1063
19
635
256
Cost Rs. In
(M)
269
118
72
459
Nos.
8050
1075
8763
17888
Cost Rs. In
(M)
244
157
101
502
Nos.
12057
1177
11523
41
24798
Cost Rs. In
(M)
471
293
182
4
950
Nos.
9290
753
7576
17619
Cost Rs. In
(M)
325
184
189
698
Nos.
7451
1244
13566
22261
Cost Rs. In
(M)
290.99
379.555
433.395
1103.940
93
Table 60 Development Projects (On Going) of WWF

C) Development
Projects (On-going)
I) Housing Sector
Houses (1565)
Flats (8644)
Barracks
II) Education
Schools
Community Centres
Tech Institutes
Industrial Homes
III) Health
Hospitals
Dispensaries
Miscellaneous
Total
2008
No. of
Cost Rs.
Project
In
s
(M)
2009
No. of
Cost Rs.
Project
In
s
(M)
7
11
1
949
8223
980
6
12
-
1253
144481
-
6
4
-
300
23
-
6
-
329
-
1
1
2
33
44
2
260
10781
1
25
44
146107
Source: Workers Welfare Fund
94
Table 61 Number of Registered Establishments, Employers, Employees and Contributions

Collected by Employees Old Age Benefits Institution
Year
Total Number of
Establishments
Employers
Registered
Employees
Registered
Contribution Collected
(Rs. Million)
2002-03
50,365
3,386
165,279
2,342
2003-04
53,231
2,935
188,098
2,678
2004-05
54,532
1,301
139,009
2,702
2005-06
54,013
2,015
233,335
3,370
2006-07
56,278
2,265
223,925
4,851
2007-08
58,310
2,032*
189,980
5,835
2008-09
62,337
4,027*
247,062
7,030
2009-10
1,1178
252836
7,510
4,347,517
53,260
Cumulative Total
since inception
*
74,723
30-06-10
Source:
Employees Old Age Benefits Institution (EOBI)
Note: *
Number of Employers includes number of Establishment
95
Table 62 Benefits to the Workers

Department
Category
Employees Old Age

Benefits Institutions
(EOBI)
-Minimum wages of unskilled workers

-Minimum pension
Jehaiz grant
Death grant
Scholarships
Category-I (Intermediate)
Workers
Fund
(WWF)
Day scholar
Boarder
Welfare Category-II (Graduation)
Day scholar
Boarder
Category-III (Post Graduates)
Day scholar
Boarder
Category-IV (Professional)
Day scholar
Boarder
Previous amount
of benefits
2008-09
Increased amount
2009-10
Rs. 6,000/Rs. 2,000/15% increase
Rs. 6,000/Rs. 2,000/-
Rs. 70,000/- Per Daughter

Rs. 300,000/-
Rs. 70,000/- Per Daughter

Rs.300,000/-
Rs.1,000/Rs.1,600/-
Rs.1,600/-
Rs.1,400/Rs.2,300/-
Rs. 2,500/-
Rs.1,900/Rs.3,500/Rs.2,900/The WWF will bear all expenses of the day

Scholars/Boarder/Students and
Rs. 2,300/Rs. 3,500/Rs.3,500/-
96
Part - M
Labour Policy
97
Labour Policy 2010

Labour Policy 2010 was announced by the Prime Minister on the eve of International Labour Day 1 st May, 2010.
Labour Policy, like policies in other fields also aims to attain the objectives in manner best suited to the resources of
the country and the present state of economy.
Salient Features of the Labour Policy, 2010

The Cabinet considered the draft National Labour Policy, 2010, as presented by the Ministry of Labour and Manpower
and inter-alia, approved:
1.
Enhancement of minimum monthly wage from Rs. 6000/- to Rs. 7000/-
2.
Payment of wages to employees through Bank cheques/transfers.
3.
Introduction of Universal Registration Scheme.
4.
Launching of Smart Card through NADRA.
5.
All registered workers under universal scheme to benefit from Workers Welfare Fund schemes, including those on housing,
education (Fee, uniform, transportation, books, /stationery), scholarships (Higher studies abroad also), marriage grant to
female workers and daughters of workers (Rs.70,000/- each case), Death grant (Rs. 30,000).
6.
Provision of medical facilities to retied registered workers and their dependents from Social Security Institutions.
Legal aid from WWF to terminated workers subject maximum of Rs. 15,000/-.
8.
Referral to public/private hospitals in absence of facilities at Provincial Social Security Institution hospitals at Institutions
expense.
98
9.
Application of Employees Old-Age Benefits Act to the contingent/project employees of statutory bodies.
10.
Enhancement of EOB Pension in sync with Government Servants Pension.
11.
Payment of Survivors Pension to disabled child for life and unmarried daughter till marriage.
12.
Reduction of age from 55 years to 50 years for entitlement of old-age pension in case of mine workers.
13.
Payment of Survivors Pension without any condition of insurable employment under EOB Act.
14.
Introduction of Matric-Tech scheme in WWF schools.
15.
Establishment of Labour Market Information System and Human Resource Centers.
16.
Setting up of Tripartite Monitoring Committees at District, Province and Federal level.
17.
Repeal of Section 27-B of the Banking Company Ordinance.
99
Labour Inspection Policy 2006

Objectives
The specific objectives of Labour Inspection Policy 2006 are as follows: -
The Policy outlines a range of new and innovative approaches to labour inspection work that are flexible,
transparent, fair and impartial, and make the best use of limited inspection resources.
The Policy supports the extension of inspection activities beyond formal sector enterprises to ensure that labour
protection services are made available to all workplaces in all sectors, including Pakistans large and labour
intensive informal economy.
The Policy encourages the involvement of the private sector in the provision of Labour Inspection services through
licensing and accreditation arrangements.
The Policy encourages compliance with labour policies and laws through means other than rigid law enforcement.
The Policy encourages increased harmony and cooperation between workers and managers in enterprises, thereby
contributing to dispute prevention and the avoidance of conflict.
100
Labour Protection Policy 2006

The Labour Protection Policy 2006 contributes to the achievement of the following objectives.
The Policy will contribute to increased protection for workers and improve their working conditions, leading to increased
motivation.
The Policy, progressively, will extend protection and improvements not only to workers operating under formal contracts of
employment, but also some aspects of protection to self-employed persons, agricultural workers, informal economy
workers, contract workers, seasonal workers, and home workers.
The Policy will contribute to labour productivity enhancement within enterprises through improved working conditions and a
safer and healthier working environment.
The Policy will assist enterprises to become more efficient and competitive. Even if wages increase, unit labour costs will fall
if measures are taken to increase labour productivity.
The Policy will also have an important demonstration effect by alerting employers, workers, potential investors, and the
international community that the Government of Pakistan together with its social partners is committed to improving
labour protection as a key strategy in national development.
101
Salient Features of previous Labour Policies

Labour Policy, 1955
Labour Policy, 1959
Growth of genuine
Implementatio
and healthy trade
n of ILO
unionism.
Conventions and
Recommendations
Settlement of
ratified by the
disputes through joint
Government.
consultation, mediation,
conciliation and
Promotion of
arbitration.
healthy trade
unionism.
Speedy settlement
of industrial disputes
Promotion of
through adjudication and
sound employerseffective implementation
employees
of awards.
relations for
increased
Protection of just
productivity.
rights of workers.
Promotion of
Maintenance of
settlement of
industrial peace and
industrial disputes
harmony in labourthrough
management relations.
constitutional
means and
Avoidance of
avoidance of
workers victimization
agitations and
and exploitation.
tensions.
Labour Policy, 1969
Labour Policy, 1972
Creation of
Workers
environment for
participation in factory
higher productivity
management.
and equitable
distribution of
Collective
gains.
bargaining agent to
appoint auditors to
Resolution of
audit company
industrial conflict
accounts in certain
by expression not
cases.
by suppression.
Increase in
The positive
workers shares in
role of workers
companys profits from
organizations in
2% to 4% and then to
labour5%.
management
relations.
Nomination/electi
on of shop-stewards to
Growth of
attend day to day
trade unionism.
workers problems.
Introduction
of collective
bargaining
mechanism for
settlement of
Procedure to
redress workers
individual grievances.
Settlement of
Labour Policy, 2002
Support to bilateral &

tripartite mechanisms for
Policy
formulation,
self
regulation, and peaceful
resolution
of
conflicts
disputes.
Regulatory
authority
of Government to be
exercised
only
when
bilateral mechanisms fail
to resolve disputes.
Consolidation/simplific
ation of labour laws.
Structural
legislative
changes to provide easy
access to speedy justice in
the labour sector.
Promotion
of
employees social security
and
social
insurance
programs.
102
Workers welfare.
industrial disputes
Provision of
and its extension to
social amenities
the public sector.
regarding health,
education,
Prohibition of
recreation,
strikes in essential
housing, wages
services.
and other needs in
relation to work.
Fixation of
minimum wage of
Suitable
workers.
measures for
reducing
Creation of
unemployment.
workers welfare
fund for
Creation of
construction of
employment
houses for workers.
agencies,
formulation of
employment
programmes and
dissemination of
information on
employment
without charging
any fee.
disputes through
Works Councils.
Research and
collection of
statistics
Curtailment of
notice period for
strike/lockout from 21
to 14 days.
Improvement
of
labour welfare institutions
namely; Workers Welfare
Fund, EOBI and ESSIs.
Progressive extension
of labour laws & welfare
measure to informal and
unorganized sectors.
Combating child
bonded labour.
Establishment of
Workers Children
Education Cess.
Secret ballot
before resorting to
strike.
Elimination of gender
Statement of
discrimination
to reinforce
reasons for termination
gender
equality
for
of the services of a
working women.
workman.
Provision of
statutory bonus upto
one months pay in the
event of profit.
Extension of
certain labour laws to
workers under the
contractor.
and
103
concerning working
and living
conditions of
workers.
Suitable
measures to
ensure proper
employment to
seamen within and
outside the
country.
Public and
private sector
industries to be
jointly responsible
for social welfare.
Arrangements
for scientific and
technical
assistance from
friendly countries
in labour and
employment fields.
Representation to
workers on the
Governing Body
established under
Workers Welfare Fund
Ordinance.
Payment of entire
contribution to social
security institution by
the employer.
Introduction of
old age benefits
scheme, group
insurance scheme and
group incentives
scheme for workers.
Effective safety
measures at
workplaces.
104
105
Child / Bonded Labour

Child Labour
The Government is committed to eliminate child labour from the country. The Employment of Children Act, 1991 exclusively
deals with the prohibition of employment of children in certain occupations/processes. Whereas, The Mines Act, 1923, Factories Act
1934, The Road Transport Workers Ordinance, 1961, The Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1933 also relate to the prohibition of
employment of children in certain occupations/processes or regulation of their working conditions.
In 2009, Child Labour Project Combating Abusive Child Labour II assisted by European Commission in collaboration with
ILO was launched. The project activities have been started in District Sukkur and Sahiwal. The objective of this project is to eliminate
worst form of child labour by adopting district based approach within a limited time frame and to strengthening the government and
civil society institutions to take effective actions against child labour, particularly its worst forms. This project is for five years.
Conducting of Second National Survey on Child Labour and sensitization on child labour Issues are also included in the mandate of
this Project. Partners of this Project are Ministry of Labour, four Provincial Labour Departments, Federal Bureau of Statistics, District
Governments, Employers Federation of Pakistan, Pakistan Workers Federation, etc. A large majority of the out-of-school children is
expected to receive benefits from this project. An estimated 10, 000 children are expected to be withdrawn from hazardous
workplaces.
Main achievements of this project are the following.
106
960 children aged 5-14 years have been enrolled in 37 Non-Formal Education (NFE) Centres and 230 young siblings of child
labourers have been enrolled in NFE centres in Sukkur.
2,125 children aged 15-17 years involved in hazardous occupations have been identified for Literacy Programme.
District Health Department engaged for health screening of the children in NFE & Literacy centres and 384 WFCL children
were subjected to health screening in Sukkur.
In District Sahiwal, 20 Non Formal Eductaion (NFE) Centers have been established.
Bonded Labour
Pakistan has ratified the ILO Conventions 29 and 105 on Forced Labour, requiring to suppress the use of forced or compulsory
labour in all its forms. To give effect to the obligations under the Constitution and the ILO Convention, Pakistan has enacted the law
namely Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1992 and framed the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Rules, 1995 under the Act.
The law abolishes the debt-bondage and forced labour in all forms regardless of age, sex, race, colour and religion. It sets all bonded
labourers free - all bonded debts have also been extinguished.
Free Legal Aid Service Units (LASU) have been established one each in Lahore and Peshawar by the respective provincial
governments. Ministry of Labour and Manpower has provided funds for these Units from the Bonded Labour Fund. Rs.3.355 million
has been provided for LASU Lahore and Rs.3.373 million for LASU Peshawar.
So far as, the number of bonded labourers released
by High Courts on the efforts of Legal Aids Services Units (LASUs) with the assistance of NGOs in Punjab, KPK and Sindh are 52, 96
and 13 respectively.
107
Through these units, free legal aid services are being provided to the bonded labourers in the provinces of Punjab and NWFP.
The Toll-Free Help Lines have been installed in each province to facilitate the aggrieved labourers in communicating their grievances.
The complainants register their complaint in Legal Aid Services Units via the help line, which is scrutinized by the Law Officer. After
initial scrutiny, further action is taken on the complaints. If legal assistance is needed, the services of a lawyer are provided to the
complainant free of cost.
Similar Units are being established in Karachi and Quetta for providing free legal services to the bonded labourers in the
province of Sindh and Balochistan. An amount of Rs.4.381 million for LASU Karachi and Rs.3.373 million for LASU Quetta has been
approved.
Following meetings on Bonded Labour were conducted during the year 2009-10.
1. 4th Meeting of National Committee of Bonded Labour and Rehabilitation of Freed Bonded Labourers, 27th April, 2010,
Islamabad
2. The National Consultation to Review Law on Bonded Labour, 21-22 December, 2009, Karachi
3. National Stakeholders Consultation on Bonded Labourer, 15 December, 2009, Lahore.
108
Part - N
International Labour Organization (ILO)
109
ILO Interventions in Pakistan (2009-10)

Overview
The International Labour Organization (ILO) was created in 1919 as a means to promote social progress and overcome social and
economic conflicts of interest through dialogue and cooperation.
The ILO is a specialized technical agency of the United Nations system and the principal centre and authority in the international
system on labour and social policy. It is devoted to advancing opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive
work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its unique tripartite structure brings together workers, employers
and governments and gives them an opportunity to search for common rules, policies and behaviours from which all can benefit.
Pakistan has been an important and active member State of the ILO since its inception in 1947, and has ratified 36 Conventions
(however, two of these conventions stand denounced as per information extracted from NATLEX on 22 Sept 2010), including the
eight core Conventions. Representatives of the Government, employers, and workers organizations have served repeatedly on the
ILOs Governing Body over the years.
ILO Programs in Pakistan
The ILOs Strategic Policy Framework (2010 2015) and the Biennial Programme & Budget (2010-2011), adopted by the ILOs
Governing Body, provide the basis for the ILOs programmatic and technical support over the next six years. More specifically the
ILOs current areas of work in Pakistan focus on:
The application of the 34 ratified ILO Conventions (International Labour Standards);
Enhancing the capacities of government, employers and workers organizations to provide institutional services and products that
facilitate decent work, and especially in pursuit of equality of opportunity and non-discrimination;
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Enabling the labour market environment for more and better quality jobs in line with the National Employment Policy and
especially systems for the enhancement of competency-based skills for greater employability. Enhancing opportunities for green
jobs is also a priority;
Supporting the operationalisation of the National Policy & Plan of Action to Eliminate Child Labour and the National Policy & Plan
of Action to Abolish Bonded Labour;
Supporting the implementation of the National Labour Policy and other policies that promote and facilitate decent work, including
the Labour Protection and Inspection policies, the National Skills Strategy, the National Youth and Education policies and Gender
Reform Action Plan;
Enhancing the protection and working conditions of the more vulnerable and marginalized, and especially in the informal economy
which employs the majority of non-agriculture workers in Pakistan; and
Enhancing opportunities for decent work, with the requisite protections, in other countries.
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Project
Sector
Activating Media Child Labour

Capacity Enhancement of Ministry of
Labour through Establishment of Labour
Market Information and Analysis Unit
Combating Child labour through Education
and Training (DAN)
Combating
Child
Labour
Education and Training (SDC)
Social Welfare
Governance; Employment &
Income Generation
Education; Employment &
Income Generation
Through Education; Employment &

Income Generation
Community Based Livelihood Recovery Rural Development;

Project
Employment & Income
Generation
ILO Technical Assistance to WB-funded Housing and Construction;
Reconstruction Project in AJK
Employment & Income
Generation
ILO's assistance to the constituents; Employment & Income
Government, Employers and Workers Generation
Federations in implementing the Decent
Work Country Programme
Flood Response
Crisis Prevention and Disaster
Reduction
Mainstreaming Decent Work through One Education; Health and Nutrition;
UN
Employment & Income
Generation
One UN Joint Project on Towards Gender Gender and Women
Parity in Pakistan
Development
Pakistan
Earthquake
Child
Labour Rural Development;
Response
Employment & Income
Generation
PCMEA-II (Combating Child Labour in
Carpet Industry in Pakistan)
Piloting Employment Guarantee Scheme in
Response to Global Financial Crisis and
Militancy Crisis
Programme Acceleration Funds for HIV &
AIDS and Migration
Project Cost
Funding Agency
(USD)
International Labour Organization
Norway
1522182 Pakistan
UNDP (United Nations Development
747000
Programme)
DCHD (Democratic Commission for Human
Development); ILO (International Labour
Organization)
ILO (International Labour Organization);
SDC (Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation)
UNDP (United Nations Development
Programme)
ILO (International Labour Organization); WB
(World Bank)
1226183
ILO (International Labour Organization)
7800000
7183713
4098763
676826

113000
ILO (International Labour Organization); UN

(United Nations)
847000
Social Welfare; Employment &

Income Generation
Employment & Income
Generation
923475
90000
Health and Nutrition; Gender

and Women Development

UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme
on HIV/AIDS)
CIDA (Canadian International Development
44000
Promoting Gender Equality for Decent Gender and Women
1535000
8800000
112
International Labour Organization

Pakistan
Note: The Table above lists all projects and programmes initiated or ended in the reporting period 2009-2010.
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Major Achievements under projects and Events organized by ILO in Pakistan (2009-10)
1. Combating Abusive Child Labour II
This project contributes to the Government of Pakistans efforts to eliminate child labour, including its worst forms (WFCL).
The overall objective of the project is to contribute to the Government of Pakistans efforts to eliminate child labour, including its worst
forms (WFCL). The programme will adopt a three-pronged strategy. The first component is at the local level where working children
and especially those engaged in the worst forms of labour, will be identified and provided with alternative opportunities for education
and vocational training while their families will be linked up to social safety nets, credit providers and health services. The second
component aims at building governments capacity at district, provincial and federal levels and at keeping child labour as a priority on
the agenda and eventually disseminating the lessons learned from the project to other districts through increased planning and
leadership capacities of the Government at all levels. The third component will facilitate the building of a dynamic knowledge base to
inform policy and to create increased awareness in order to ensure a favorable climate to support efforts directed at addressing child
labour.
Strategically, the project is designed to work at the district, provincial and national level to strengthen institutional capacity; to enhance
the knowledge base; and at the grass roots level in the target districts to develop a model on how child labour across economic
sectors can be effectively addressed at the district level. The three components mutually strengthen and support each other, while the
institutional strengthening strategies will reinforce and sustain the direct interventions. The enhanced knowledge base and awareness
will help in mainstreaming child labour concerns in the relevant national policies and programmes and in addressing them over the
long term.
It is expected that the strengthened institutional mechanism will take the lead role and overall responsibility on the timely
implementation of National Policy and Plan of Action to Combat Child Labour that will help Pakistan in achieving the ILOs global goal
on eliminating all worst forms of child labour by 2016.
2. Pakistan Earthquake Child Labour Response Project (PECLR)
A four-year initiative developed as a response to technically assist the efforts of the Government of Pakistan to address the issue of
child labour in affected areas resulting from the devastating earthquake of 8 October 2005 in which a large number of school going
children have been left without schools, teachers and teaching supplies.
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Overall objective of the project is to contribute to the national efforts for the prevention and eventual elimination of child labour in the
earthquake affected areas of Pakistan by focusing on the following immediate objectives:
Mainstreaming of child labour issues in crisis in policy documents;
Capacity building of stakeholders;
Provision of education and vocational training to children in worst forms of child labour; and
Linkages of children and families with credit facilities and social safety nets.
The PECLR project aims to target a total of 2,500 children (1,250 girls and 1,250 boys) as direct beneficiaries. These would have
been either engaged in child labour prior to the project, children who continue to be involved in child labour post earthquake or who
are at risk of being engaged in child labour and other exploitative conditions.
A total of 3,670 children received Non-Formal Education (NFE) in 28 Rehabilitation Centres (RCs) and out of these 2,169
children have been mainstreamed into government schools;
All the RCs were run and managed by Committee for Management of Rehabilitation Centres (CMRCs). A total of 28
CMRCs had been formed including female representation;
Eight networks on Monitoring of Child Labour (NMLC) at union council level were established;
A total of 549 children and 217 mothers received marketable vocational training. As a result 125 families were linked with
different social safety nets and business groups in the areas. That is one of the examples of economic sustainability;
A total of 125 families of working children were linked with social safety nets and Micro-Finance Institutes;
A report A need assessment of child labour in Balakot is prepared. The report provided a benchmark data for effective
intervention to address the needs of direct beneficiaries;
A report Mainstreaming Child Labour Prevention in Crisis and Disaster Response is prepared. The report will shared
with governments agencies and other organizations working in disaster areas to include child labour concerns in their policy
documents;
A total of 15 training workshops (550 participants) to enhance the capacity of stakeholders were conducted. The
participants were sensitized on child labour issues to take necessary action to eliminate child labour in disaster areas. The
group of journalists wrote articles in the local newspaper to highlight child labour and suggested action for elimination of child
labour; and
Training manuals on child labour laws to sensitize law enforcement agencies, public departments and community groups
keeping in view the crisis/disaster requirement designed. These manual have been translated into national language that
provide guidance to various groups of stakeholders to take measure against child labour.
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3. Combating Child Labour through Education and Training (CCLET)

The project has been successful in withdrawing and rehabilitating around 5,000 children (50 per cent girls) from labour situation
including its worst forms. Under the vocational skills training component around 2500 children (above 14 years of age, and 50 per
cent girls) and around 250 mothers have received skills to become useful members of their respective families. Moreover, awareness
programmes for families, especially mothers, have also been carried out. The project is successful in bridging gender gaps arising
from the infrastructural and cultural constraints compromising girls access to schooling. Presently, 50 per cent of the target group
consists of females.
The project through various interventions has mainstreamed child labour concerns into the governments formal teachers training
programme to prevent school dropout within the primary level. The project has so far succeeded in training around 10,000 primary
school government teachers on child labour.
Achievements: Use of NFE curricula and materials in a number of child labour prevention/withdrawal projects, the implementing
agencies use their own curricula and diverse training material to conduct NFE, literacy and skills training programmes. The
implementing NGOs in the SDCDANIDA projects have used a common curriculum, training material and methodology, indicators and
standards for all the children covered in the four project districts where direct service delivery is being provided. Using common
curriculum, teaching materials and information systems by various implementing partners facilitates both quality control and potential
for mainstreaming and scale up. It also becomes comparatively easy to assess the performance of each implementing partner. This
good practice of the two projects with similar objectives and outputs has the potential to be adapted countrywide.
The project database is also an extremely valuable instrument in analysing the situation of the working children, monitoring the
implementation of the project measures and in designing more precise strategies. All partners of the project have recognized the
value of this database. This good practice of the project has the potential to be replicated countrywide.
4. Combating Child Labour in the Carpet Industry (Phase II)
The project is based on an agreement signed between the PCMEA (Pakistan Carpet Manufacturers and Exporters Association) and
the ILO that ended in 2009. The project is implemented in nine districts of Punjab and one district in Sindh Province. This increased
the total direct beneficiaries to about 27,000 carpet weaving children and their siblings.
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Provision of non-formal education has formed the main component of the project and has achieved prevention of 1,472 boys and
2,191 girls and withdrawal of 4,314 boys and 11,338 girls from carpet weaving. This translated in significant changes in the
community. Also, successful mainstreaming of 49 per cent NFE enrolled children into government schools, increased the chances of
a child getting an education that is more likely to multiply his/her chances of better life opportunity because it reduces their working
hours drastically.
The project conducted 1,826 monitoring visits of carpet weaving sites in Sheikhupura; 2,067 in Faisalabad; and 1,449 in Multan. The
ILO-IPEC monitors were able to carry out awareness raising meetings with communities and built close connection with the
community groups, which facilitated the social mobilization processes.
Under the project, different activities were carried out in order to build the capacity of the community in different target districts.
Income-generation and micro-credit component furnished support to the carpet weaving families to wriggle out of the stress of poverty
and relieve the children from work to get education.
In the light of lessons learnt and experience gained so far, the project is pursuing long-term sustainability strategies in the target
districts. Partnerships with the local government and other stakeholders are being forged to prolong the project impact in for the
carpet weaving child labourers and their families.
5. Activating Media to Combat Worst Forms of Child Labour in Pakistan (Phase II)
This project aims to contribute to national efforts towards reducing and effectively eliminating worst forms of child labour in the
country. The immediate objectives of the programme are:
The capacity of media professionals and institutions will be enhanced to effectively advocate for the implementation of
hazardous labour and the enforcement of the ILO Convention on the worst forms of child labour (C182);
Two annual national awareness campaigns on worst forms of child labour would be launched to mobilize public opinion
for its elimination; and
An effective mechanism will be established through institutionalization for strategic media actions for advocacy and
information campaigns against WFCL.
The projects key results are:
Electronic and print media has started to cover proactively the issue of child labour including its worst forms. For the last
many years, on 12 June World Day Against Child Labour media has started reporting on the child labour issue. This has been
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the direct result of organizing training of 920 journalists from radio, television and print across the country. Moreover, the project
has helped establish five media coalitions nationally and provincially and these also encourage a media discourse on child
labour issues.
Series of media products including television and radio drama, talk shows, newspaper articles have been produced/
broadcasted/published to enhance public awareness on and fight against worst forms of child labour. A total of 55 television
products, 60 radio products and 54 newspaper articles have helped create widespread awareness among the media community
and public in general about the issue of child labour in Pakistan. Moreover, the national media campaigns against employment of
children have also been held on various television channels.
Efforts to promote Elimination of Gender Discrimination

1. Promoting Gender Equality for Decent Employment (GE4DE)
The project is based upon ILOs conviction that gender equality in the world of work is a fundamental matter of human rights, social
justice and is instrumental in achieving social and economic development goals.
The project has three distinct but integrated components:
Strengthening national mechanisms to promote equal employment opportunities for women;
Under this component, the project will inform and sensitize stakeholders on issues of gender equality and constraints in the
existing policy and legal framework, and enhance their skills and knowledge to address them. Activities will be undertaken to
develop the capacity of Government, employers and trade unions to design and implement policies and programmes that reflect
real needs, genuine priorities and interests of workers, particularly women;
Enhancing skills and employability of poor women in rural and urban areas of selected districts;
A targeted 6,300 poor women and men, from urban and rural areas of Pakistan, will be trained in employable skills using the
ILOs Training for Rural Economic Empowerment (TREE) methodology. TREE is a comprehensive community-based training
package that helps identify and assess local economic opportunities, design and deliver community-based skills development
and provide post-training services;
Strengthening capacity of media to raise awareness on issues related to working women; and
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Activities under this component will build the capacity of media and communication specialists on gender sensitive
communications, national policy frameworks on gender equality and international labour standards. Information will be
interactively shared through promotional and informative packages in national and regional languages.
2. Towards Gender Parity in Pakistan Project (TGP)
The ILO in partnership with 14 other UN agencies started this joint project to ensure equal access to decent work and productive
employment for women and men is essential as a sustainable way out of poverty.
Within the overall framework of this programme, ILO has a mandate to assess the gender disparities in employment sector and
facilitate corrective measures at all levels particularly by involving key labour market stakeholders, i.e., Government, Employers,
Workers / Trade Unions and others. The project is part of One-UN Joint Program on Agriculture, Rural Development and Poverty
Reduction (ARP) Joint Programme Component-2: Decent Employment & Poverty Alleviation and is designed to contribute to the
following joint programme outcomes:
Joint programme outcome-1: Strengthened institutions and enabling policy framework to promote gendered governance;
Joint output 1.1: Enhanced capacity of key Government institutions and civil society to develop gender sensitive policies;
Joint programme outcome-2: Improved business development services for womens entrepreneurship; and
Joint programme output-5: Enhanced awareness of gender disparity and implementation of gender equality in the
employment sector.
The project has successfully initiated the following interventions:
In collaboration with Ministry of Labour & Manpower, established a Coordination Forum for Gender Equality for all labour
market stakeholders;
Engaged Employers Federation of Pakistan (EFP) in capacity building, promotion of Gender Equality Policy and helping
women in managing glass ceiling in private sector; and
Engaged Pakistan Workers Federation (PWF) and All Pakistan Labour Federation (APLF) in capacity building of trade
unions, adoption of Gender Equality Policy and promoting gender-responsive work practices in line with relevant ILO
Conventions.
A series of studies on gender disparities in following areas:
Skills development;
Employment programmes;
Youth employment;
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Post-crisis employment recovery;

Evidence-based study on best practices in minimizing sexual harassment at workplace;
Study on Gender Disaggregated Employment Statistics: Issues and Current Practices;
Support for policy on Home-Based Workers and ratification of the Home Work Convention, 1996 (No.177); and
Piloting different models for providing integrated support to home-based workers
3. Women Employment Concerns and Working Conditions

Given its poverty reduction thrust, the project seeks to contribute towards Pakistans efforts towards the attainment of the MDG goal
of promoting gender equality and empowerment and the reduction of poverty in the country. The integrated and holistic approach of
project focuses on economic empowerment of women and seeks to:
Ensure non-discrimination and equality at the workplace through sensitization of state functionaries and policy makers;
Provide direct assistance to 6,000 women to attain decent employment to developing womens and skills, especially
entrepreneurial capabilities;
Strengthen womens participation and leadership in trade unions; and
Promote gender equality in private sector organizations through developing affirmative action and strategies at the
industrial level.
At the completion of the project in April 2010, 694 Government officers at NIPA5, CSA, and STIs are sensitized through training on
ILS, women employment concerns and gender diversity at work place, 267 Parliamentarians have been trained on issues that women
come across in the world of work. Women Councilors and Master Trainers have been trained to develop supplementary modules.
Thirty-seven participants including members of NCSW, 35 officials of GRAP Punjab have been trained with Gender Audit Skills. And
Fellowships have been offered to ILOs constituents for international trainings at TURIN. In collaboration with Telenor, the initiative of
Bridging the Digital divide between Rural and Urban areas of Pakistan has been quite a success through which 20 women and men
have been trained on ICT and 5 are provided hardware to set up ICT Kiosks. Skill Training to 700 women in Garment factories in
collaboration with Ministry of Textile has been another important target that has been met.
In addition, under the project best practices on GE policy implementation in 50 private sector organizations have been compiled.
Series of training workshops on Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Women in management have taken place training over 350 women and
developing 5-8 young women students as entrepreneurs and capacity building seminars to advocate for gender equality policy at
work place has been arranged at 4 out of 7 regions.
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Efforts for Elimination of Bonded Labour from Pakistan
1. Promoting the Elimination of Bonded Labour System in Pakistan

Amongst the variations of forced labour, the most prevalent form that exists in Pakistan is debt bondage. Economic sectors with
incidences of bonded labour are brick kilns, agriculture, domestic service, construction and others.
The project was designed to address policy and capacity development concerns through both up and downstream interventions
across the country. Major outcomes include increased budgetary allocations to programmes on the elimination of bonded labour by
Provincial governments. The Punjab Government, in its 2010-2011 Annual Development Programme has allocated PKR123 million
extend relief and rehabilitation measures including education, adult literacy, skills training, health, micro finance, social security
benefits, social protection and citizenship to workers of brick kilns in Punjab.
Over 1,800 children and 300 men and women have benefitted from non-formal education and adult literacy programmes. 70 families
and more than 3,500 men, women, children, disabled, and elderly are being provided with health facilities and medical aid. Adults are
also linked with NADRA for registration and the issuance of national identity cards (CNIC) for legal and social empowerment. Skills
training and microfinance are also being extended to indebted families working at the brick kilns in Lahore and Kasur.
A stakeholders legal review of the Bonded Labour System Abolition Act 1992 has made a number of proposals to amend the bonded
labour law regime which is being taken up by the Ministry of Labour and Manpower (MoLM).
Hundreds of persons have been freed through the National Coalition Against Bonded Labour (NCABL) and member NGOs/CSOs and
trade unions through district session judges in Sindh. With ILO technical support, the Pakistan Workers Federation (PWF) has
provided legal aid to 20 bonded labour families and has additionally mobilized more than 1,000 workers and helped them to organize
for the protection of their rights.
Labour Inspectors have been sensitized on gender equality and the concerns of women and other vulnerable workers and a resource
kit is being used by practitioners. To create, maintain and share knowledge developed under the project toolkits and booklets that can
be used as guidelines and references for implementing partners and service delivery providers have been made available.
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In addition, important resolutions have been submitted by two Provincial Assemblies for the design of interventions and national
programmes to eliminate the practice of bonded labour at Provincial and District levels. This has been a significant outcome of the
sensitization programme of parliamentarians under PEBLIP. A model Friday Sermon has also been developed on labour rights and
international labour standards including bonded and child labour in the context of Islamic teachings.
The Employers Federation of Pakistan and Pakistan Workers Federation have played significant roles in initiating social dialogue
processes among brick kiln owners, other employers and workers representatives. Model contracts for workers in the brick kiln sector
have also been developed to prevent any form of exploitation. The same is being replicated for other economic sectors.
This initiative has demonstrated that a sustainable solution for the elimination of bonded labour in Pakistan can be achieved through
dialogue, institutional capacity development and the empowerment of workers complemented by fair regulatory frameworks and
protection mechanisms.
The project completed in April 2010.
Promoting Employment & Skills in Pakistan
1. Community Based Livelihoods Recovery Project (CBLRP)
The project activities were concentrated into the two severely affected sub-Districts, i.e., Balakot (District Mansehra) and Muzaffarbad
(AJK). Within the overall livelihoods recovery framework, ILO had a distinct role of rehashing Non-Farm Sector in the postearthquake scenario with particular focus on following two outputs:
9,000 men and women trained in construction and other non-farm skills; and
140 kilometers of rural link roads rehabilitated through labour-based technologies.

The project was successfully completed in April 2009.
2. Capacity Enhancement of Ministry of Labour through Establishment of Labour Market Information and Analysis Unit
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In order to address the short comings of the existing Labour Market Information System (LMIS) of the Ministry of Labour and
Manpower, a Labour Market Information and Analysis Unit has been established to provide up-to-date and timely Labour Market
Information and Analysis that will serve as an input into the formulation and monitoring of labour and employment policies.
The project has achieved the following results;
Capacity building exercises have been conducted for the staff of Ministry of Labour and Manpower, FBS and the Provincial
Departments of Labour. Internships are being provided to local university students.
Delivering as ONE UN
1. Mainstreaming Decent Work through One-UN
Piloting UN reform in Pakistan is in the stage of full-scale engagement of stakeholders with tangible advancement on the ground. The
Government has provided needed support in terms of leadership and ownership of the process, line Ministries are actively and
systematically engaged in the process, donor community has reiterated its support to the process, concepts and modalities of joint
programming have been established, and in various cases, interventions have started on-ground. It is imminent for the sustainability
of joint programs that these are founded on the principles of social justice and decent work agenda so that the dividends of
development are fairly distributed among all relevant beneficiaries.
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Joint Program
JP Component
Project Component
Agriculture, Rural Development and JPC-2:

Sensitizing all relevant stakeholders on basic concepts of
Poverty Reduction (ARP)
Decent Employment and Poverty Decent Work and stimulating actions for mainstreaming DW
Alleviation
in all One-UN Reform Programs
Environment
JPC-1:
Identifying potential for and promotion of Green Jobs in
Support for Green Industries, Pakistan
Waste Management, Energy &
Green Jobs
Education
JPC-2:
Promoting core work skills and non-formal educational
Adult Literacy & Non-Formal opportunities for illiterate workers, child and bonded labourers
Education
1. CEB Toolkit on Mainstreaming Employment & Decent Work
Interactive and locally contextualized training material developed (including videos, presentations, brochures etc.);
Orientation workshops held for ILO staff, Ministry of Labour & Manpower (MoLM), Employers Federation of Pakistan
(EFP) and Pakistan Workers Federation (PWF); and
Participants committed to use CEB toolkit and integrate decent work in their programs.
2. Green jobs
Interactive and locally contextualized training material developed;

The project has selected three sectors i.e., Construction, Tourism and Energy for mainstreaming Green Jobs;
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Green Jobs integrated in National Tourism Policy as a result of a conference on Green Jobs and Sustainable Tourism;
and
Orientation workshops held for Employers Federation of Pakistan (EFP), Pakistan Workers Federation (PWF) and
representatives from Civil Society and Academia.
3. Literacy for vulnerable workers (child and bonded labourers)
A detailed mapping study completed highlighting the gaps in major literacy programs at national level;
Provincial legislatures in Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa have been sensitized on need of literacy for vulnerable
workers and they committed to support this cause in their respective Assemblies; and
A PC-1 for allocating more resources for literacy programs for vulnerable workers has been prepared for resource
mobilization at national level.
Post-Crises Support in livelihoods rehabilitation
1. Flood Response
In order to meet the needs of the population in the flood afflicted areas in the country, the ILO urged that programmes aimed at
generating new employment and other income-producing opportunities be incorporated into the rehabilitation and reconstruction
programmes that will need to be immediately undertaken following the relief efforts now underway. These would include employment
support services to provide both information and short-term training for the jobs that will be generated through the reconstruction
effort; financial and institutional support to rebuild small businesses and income-generating assets in both the rural and urban areas.
Such programmes would include:
Identifying and registering the affected populations that have lost their livelihoods;
Recording and classifying job seekers and allocating workers to reconstruction efforts in need of skilled labour;
Developing local capacities to implement emergency employment services;
Linking unemployed people with available work opportunities;
Assisting in restoring the capacity of local government to provide basic services needed by the population and to
coordinate rebuilding efforts during both emergency and post-emergency phases;
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Assisting in the rehabilitation and reconstruction of public infrastructure with focus on employment intensive approaches
to maximize job opportunities for local population;
Providing short-term skills-training for men and women from severely affected households to be able to be engaged in
reconstruction effort, and harnessing the energy of young people;
Providing skills training and micro-business management training to regenerate immediately needed employment and
livelihood opportunities for severely affected households.
An 8 million project is being initiated in Peshawar with the collaboration of Sarhad Chamber of Commerce, while a "Cash for Work"
project for flood affected people in Sukkur is being launched. This project will organize affected youth to clean and fumigate the
camps, and also establish sanitation facilities in the camps. In the later stage of reconstruction, youth will be organized to clear debris
from market places, roads and local infrastructure.
Events
The ILO has also organized a number of events across the country during year 2009-10 and tried to reach out maximum number of
relevant stakeholders through different interventions. A year-wise description of events is presented as follows:
ILO Photography competition 2010 -Gender Equality for Decent Employment
(30 August - 31 December 2010)
APYouthNet Online Discussion Forum on Active Labour Markets for Young People (19-31 July 2010)
National tripartite celebration of the 90th anniversary and launch of the campaign to promote the Social Justice Declaration
Publications
2010
Brief report on the observance of the World Day against Child Labour 2010 Pakistan , 12 June 2010
Recognizing and supporting home-based workers, 10 February 2010
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Pakistan employment trends brief 2009 (series No.6), 07 January 2010 - Provides the first district level labour market information
for the district of Faisalabad.
ILOs Eight Core Conventions

Convention No. 87: Fundamental Conventions on Freedom of Association
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention, 1948
1. Workers and employers, without distinction whatsoever, have the right to establish and, subject only to the
rules of the organization concerned, to join organizations of their own choosing for furthering and defending
their interests without previous authorization.
2. However, the extent to which the guarantees provided for in the Convention will apply to the armed forces and
the police will be determined by national laws or regulations.
3. Workers and employers organizations have the right to establish and join federations and confederations.
They also have the right, in the same way as federations and confederations, to affiliate with international
organizations of workers and employers.
4. Furthermore, these organizations, federations and confederations have the right to:
draw up their constitutions and rules;
elect their representatives in full freedom;
organize their administration and activities; and
Formulate their programmes.
5.
The public authorities have to refrain from any interference which would restrict this right or
impede the lawful exercise thereof.
6.
The acquisition of legal personality by workers and employers organizations, federations and
confederations may not be made subject to conditions of such a character as to restrict the rights enumerated
above. Furthermore, they may not be dissolved or suspended by administrative authority.
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7.
In exercising the rights provided for in the Convention, workers and employers and their respective
organizations have to respect the law of the land. However, the law of the land must not be such, nor may it
be so applied as to impair the guarantees provided for in the Convention.
8.
In general, any State which ratifies the Convention undertakes to take all necessary and
appropriate measures to ensure that workers and employers may exercise freely the right to organize.
Convention No. 98: Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949
1. Workers must be protected against acts of anti-union discrimination, and particularly acts calculated to:
make their employment subject to the condition that they shall not join a union or shall relinquish
membership thereof;
Cause the dismissal or otherwise prejudice a worker by reason of union membership or because of
participation in union activities outside working hours, or, with the consent of the employer, within
working hours.
2. Workers and employers organizations must enjoy adequate protection against any acts of interference by
each other, and particularly acts which are designed to promote the domination, financing or control of
workers organizations by employers or employers organizations.
3. Measures appropriate to national conditions have to be taken, where necessary, to encourage and promote the
full development and utilization of machinery for voluntary negotiation between, on the one hand employers,
and on the other hand employers and workers organizations with a view to the regulation of terms and
conditions of employment by means of collective agreements.
4. The Convention leaves it to national laws or regulations to determine the extent to which it applies to the
armed forces and the police. Furthermore, it does deal with the position of public servants engaged in the
administration of the State, nor may it be construed as prejudicing their rights or status in any way.
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Convention No. 29: Fundamental Conventions on Forced Labour, 1930

Forced or compulsory labour:
all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said
person has not offered her or himself voluntarily.
1. Each State which ratifies the Convention undertakes to suppress the use of forced or compulsory labour in all
its forms within the shortest possible period.
2. The illegal exaction of forced or compulsory labour must be punishable as a penal offence with penalties that
are really adequate and strictly enforced.
3. However, certain types of labour are excluded from the scope of the Convention:
work of a purely military character exacted in virtue of compulsory military service laws;
work which forms part of the normal civic obligations of citizens;
work exacted from any person as a consequence of a conviction in a court of law, provided that:
said work is carried out under the supervision and control of a public authority; and that
the said person is not hired to or placed at the disposal of private individuals, companies or associations;
work exacted in cases of emergency (war, calamity and in general any circumstance that would
endanger the existence or the well-being of the whole or part of the population);
minor communal services (services performed by the members of the community in the direct interest of
the said community,
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Convention No. 105: Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957

Any State which ratifies the Convention undertakes to suppress and not to make use of any form of forced or
compulsory labour:
as a means of political coercion or education or as a punishment for holding or expressing political or views
ideologically opposed to the established political, social or economic system;
as a method of mobilizing and using labour for purposes of economic development;
as a means of labour discipline;
as a punishment for having participated in strikes;
as a means of racial, social, national or religious discrimination.
130
Convention No. 100: Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951

Remuneration:
the ordinary, basic or minimum wage or salary and any additional emoluments whatsoever payable directly or indirectly,
whether in cash or in kind, by the employer to the worker and arising out of the workers employment.
For the purpose of the Convention, the term equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value refers
to rates of remuneration established without discrimination based, directly or indirectly, on sex.
1. Each State party to the Convention has to ensure, in so far as is consistent with the methods in operation for
determining rates of remuneration, the application to all workers of the principle of equal remuneration for
men and women workers for work of equal value.
2. One of the means recommended for assisting in giving effect to the Convention is the objective appraisal of
jobs on the basis of the work to be performed.
3. Where differential rates between workers correspond, without regard to sex, to differences in the work to be
performed, as determined by such objective appraisal, these must not be considered as being contrary to the
principle of equal remuneration.
4. Governments have to cooperate with employers and workers organizations for the purpose of giving effect to
the provisions of the Convention.
131
Convention No. 111: Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958

Discrimination:
any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national
extraction or social origin (or such other ground as may be specified by the State concerned), which has the effect of
nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation.
1. Each State which ratifies the Convention undertakes to declare and pursue a national policy designed to promote
equality of opportunity and treatment with a view to eliminating any discrimination in respect of:
access to vocational training;
access to employment and to particular occupations; and
terms and conditions of employment.
2. In particular, it has to:
seek the co-operation of employers' and workers' organisations and other appropriate bodies in promoting the
acceptance and observance of its policy;
repeal any statutory or administrative provisions which are inconsistent with the policy;
enact legislation and promote educational programmes to secure its acceptance;
ensure observance of the policy in employment, vocational guidance, vocational training and placement services
under the direction of a national authority;
indicate in its annual reports on the application of the Convention the action taken in pursuance of this policy.
3. The Convention establishes the following three types of measures
4. which are not deemed to be discrimination:
measures designed to meet the particular requirements for specific work;
measures which might be justified to protect the security of the State;
measures of protection or assistance.
132
Convention No. 138: Minimum Age Convention, 1973

National policy
1. Each State which ratifies Convention No. 138 undertakes to pursue a national policy designed to:
ensure the effective abolition of child labour; and
raise progressively the minimum age for admission to employment or work to a level consistent with the fullest
physical and mental development of young persons.
Minimum ages for admission to employment or work

General rule
Not less than the age of completion of compulsory schooling and, in any case,
not less than:
General minimum age
Light work
Hazardous work
15 years
13 years
18 years (16 years under certain conditions)
Where the economy and educational facilities are insufficiently developed

General minimum age
Light work
Hazardous work
Initially not less than: 14 years

12 years
18 years (16 years under certain conditions)
General minimum age

The general minimum age for admission to employment or work has to be specified in a declaration appended to the
ratification. The minimum age may subsequently be raised by further declarations.
After consultation with organizations of employers and workers, the competent authority may allow exceptions in
individual cases to the general minimum age for such purposes as participation in artistic performances. The permits so
granted have to limit the number of hours and conditions in which such work is allowed.
133
Convention No.182: Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999

Child: all persons under the age of 18 years.
The worst forms of child labour:
all forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children, debt bondage and serfdom and forced or
compulsory labour, including forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict;
the use, procuring or offering of a child for prostitution, for the production of pornography or for pornographic performances;
the use, procuring or offering of a child for illicit activities, in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs as defined in the
relevant international treaties;
work which, by its nature or the circumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children.
1.
Each State which ratifies the Convention has to:

take immediate and effective measures to secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour
as a matter of urgency;
design and implement, in consultation with relevant government institutions and employers and workers
organizations, programmes of action to eliminate as a priority the worst forms of child labour;
establish, after consultation with employers and workers organizations, appropriate mechanisms to monitor the
implementation of the provisions giving effect to the Convention;
ensure the effective implementation and enforcement of these provisions, including the provision and application
of penal or, if need be, other sanctions.
2.
It also has to take effective and time-bound measures to:
prevent the engagement of children in the worst forms of child labour;
134

provide the necessary and appropriate direct assistance for the removal of children from the worst forms of
child labour and for their rehabilitation and social integration;
ensure access to free basic education, and, wherever possible, vocational training, for all children removed
from the worst forms of child labour;
3.
identify and reach out to children at special risk; and take account of the special situation of girls.
These measures have to be implemented taking into account the importance of education.
4.
States have to assist one another in giving effect to the provisions of the Convention through enhanced
international cooperation and/or assistance, including support for social and economic development, poverty eradication
programmes and universal education.
135
List of Ratifications of International Labour Conventions

To date, the ILO has adopted 188 Conventions and 199 Recommendations. Pakistan became member of ILO, immediate after her independence in 1947.
Pakistan has ratified 36 ILO Conventions of which 8 are Core Conventions.
Pakistan
Member since 1947
C. 1
C. 4
C. 6
C. 11
C. 14
C. 16
C. 18
C. 19
C. 21
C. 22
C. 27
C. 29
C. 32
C. 45
C. 59
C. 80
C. 81
C. 87
C. 89
C. 90
36 Conventions ratified (34 in force)
Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 (No. 1)

Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919 (No. 4)
Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919 (No. 6)
Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921 (No. 11)
Weekly Rest (Industry) Convention, 1921 (No. 14)
Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921 (No. 16)
Workmen's Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925 (No. 18)
Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925 (No. 19)
Inspection of Emigrants Convention, 1926 (No. 21)
Seamen's Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926 (No. 22)
Marking of Weight (Packages Transported by Vessels) Convention, 1929 (No. 27)
Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29)
Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention (Revised), 1932 (No. 32)
Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935 (No. 45)
Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1937 (No. 59)
Final Articles Revision Convention, 1946 (No. 80)
Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81)
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87)
Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948 (No. 89)
Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1948 (No. 90)
14.07.1921
14.07.1921
14.07.1921
11.05.1923
11.05.1923
20.11.1922
30.09.1927
30.09.1927
14.01.1928
31.10.1932
7.09.1931
23.12.1957
10.02.1947
25.03.1938
26.05.1955
25.03.1948
10.10.1953
14.02.1951
14.02.1951
14.02.1951
136
C. 96
Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 96)

Has accepted the provisions of Part II
C. 98
Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98)
C. 100
Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100)
C. 105
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105)
C. 106
Weekly Rest (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1957 (No. 106)
The Government has declared that the Convention also applies to persons employed in the
establishments specified in Article 3, paragraph 1(c).
C. 107
Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957 (No. 107)
C. 111
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111)
C. 116
Final Articles Revision Convention, 1961 (No. 116)
C. 118
Equality of Treatment (Social Security) Convention, 1962 (No. 118)
Has accepted Branches (c) and (g)
C. 138
Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138)
Minimum age specified: 14 years
C. 144
Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976 (No. 144)
C. 159
Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 (No. 159)
C. 182
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)
C. 185
Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003 (No. 185)
Denunciation (as a result of the ratification of Convention No. 89)
C. 41
Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1934 (No. 41)
Denounced on 14.02.1951
Denunciation (as a result of the ratification of Convention No. 138)
C. 15
Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers) Convention, 1921 (No. 15)
Denounced on 6.07.2006
26.05.1952
26.05.1952
11.10.2001
15.02.1960
15.02.1960
15.02.1960
24.01.1961
17.11.1967
27.03.1969
6.07.2006
25.10.1994
25.10.1994
11.10.2001
21.12.2006
22.11.1935
20.11.1922
Ratification of ILO Conventions in 2010

137
As far as the ratification of ILO Conventions is concerned, no new ratification has been made. During the year 2010, Pakistan
has sent reports on the following Conventions to ILO office, Geneva.
1. Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921 (No.11)
2. Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No.29)
3. Underground Worker (Women) Convention, 1935 (No.45)
4. Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No.81)
5. Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No.87)
6. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105)
7. Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No.138)
8. Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976 (No.144)
9. Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 ( No.182)
138

Labour & Human Resource Statistics 2000 - 2010: Government of Pakistan

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Labour & Human Resource Statistics 2000 - 2010: Government of Pakistan

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Labour and Human Resource Statistics 2007

LABOUR & HUMAN RESOURCE

Ministry of Labour and Manpower

3 POPULATION BY AREA AND GENDER .......................................................................................................................11

NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS BY OCCUPATION.................................................................................................................36

TOTAL ENROLMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY KIND AND LEVEL................................................................................44

NUMBER OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS BY NATURE.........................................................................................................82

NUMBER OF INSPECTION, INFRINGEMENTS AND PROSECUTIONS...........................................................................................87

PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL SECURITY INSTITUTIONS.......................................................................................................92

1. PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY FOR DECENT EMPLOYMENT (GE4DE) ..............................................................118

ONE UN.......................................................................................................................................................................... 123

1. MAINSTREAMING DECENT WORK THROUGH ONE-UN.......................................................................................123

Source: Economic Survey 2009-10

Table 2 Foreign Exchange Reserves, Imports, Exports, Revenue and Expenditure

Economic Surveys 2009-10

Population, Labour Force, Employment and Unemployment

Table 3 Population by Area and Gender

Source: Labour Force Survey (various issues)

65 yrs & above

Labour Force Survey 2009-10

Table 5 Population (10 +) by Literacy, Education and Gender

Continued from the

Labour Force Surveys (various issues)

Table 6 Labour Force Participation Rates (Refined) by Area and Gender

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Labour Force / Population (10+) * 100

Table 7 Population by Nature of Activity and Gender

Working Age Population

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 8 Employed by Literacy, Education and Gender

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 9 Employed by Industry and Gender

Continued from the previous

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 10 Employed in Formal and Informal Sectors by Gender

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 11 Employed by Employment Status and Gender

Wage and salaried workers

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 12 Employed by Occupational Groups and Gender

Continued from previous

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 13Number of Employees by Wage and Skill Level

1999-00 2001-02 2003-04 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Legislatures, Professional workers and Technicians

Table 14 Unemployed by Area and Gender

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 15 Unemployed by Literacy, Education and Gender

Continued from the

Labour Force Survey (various issues)

Table 16 Number of Emigrants by Occupation

Table 17 Number of Emigrants by Country

Table 18 Number of Workers Proceeded Abroad by Skills

Bureau of Emigration & Overseas Employment (BE & OE)

Table 19 Number of Workers Proceeded Abroad by Province

Table 20 Country Wise Workers Remittances

State Bank of Pakistan / Economic Surveys

Table 21 Total Enrolment in Educational Institutions by Kind and Level