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Class 09 - Science
Cell - Basic Unit of life Test 01

1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Plant cells, in addition to the plasma membrane, have another rigid outer covering called the cell wall. The cell wall lies
outside the plasma membrane. The plant cell wall is mainly composed of cellulose. The nucleus has a double-layered
covering called a nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane has pores that allow the transfer of material from inside the
nucleus to its outside, that is, to the cytoplasm. The nucleus contains chromosomes, which are visible as rod-shaped
structures only when the cell is about to divide. Chromosomes contain information for the inheritance of characters from
parents to the next generation in the form of DNA. The nucleus plays a central role in cellular reproduction, the process
by which a single cell divides and forms two new cells.
i. Cellulose is a complex substance which provides:
a) both mechanical support and structural strength to plants
b) mechanical support
c) structural strength to plants
d) None of these
ii. Chromosomes are made up of:
a) Protein
b) RNA
c) DNA
d) DNA and protein
iii. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as:
I. breakdown (lysis) of the plasma membrane in hypotonic medium
II. shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium
III. shrinkage of nucleoplasm
IV. swelling of cytoplasm
a) (IV) and (I)
b) (II) and (III)
c) (I) and (II)
d) Only (II)
iv. Identify (A) in the given diagram

a) nucleic acid
b) nucleus
c) nucleolus
d) nucleoid
v. Select the odd one out.
a) Membranes are made of organic molecules like proteins and lipids.
b) Molecules soluble in organic solvents can easily pass through the membrane.
c) Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.

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d) The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane is affected by the number of substances
dissolved in it.
2. Following are a few definitions of osmosis read carefully and select the correct definition.
a) Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration
b) Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution through a permeable
membrane
c) Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration of solution through a
semipermeable membrane
d) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a
semipermeable membrane
3. Which out of the following is living?
a. Plasma membrane
b. Cell-wall
c. Protoplasm
d. Nucleus
a) (a), (c) and (d) are correct
b) (b) and (c) are correct
c) All of these
d) (a) and (b) are correct
4. What is the full form of ATP?
a) Adeno triphosphorus
b) Adenosine triphosphate
c) Adenosine tetraphosphate
d) Adeno triphosphate
5. What is the structural and fundamental unit of life? Who discovered it?
a) Tissue, Anton Von Leewenhoek
b) Cell, Robert Hooke
c) Plant cell, Benda
d) Animal cell, Camilo Golgi
6. The cell organelles (other than the nucleus) which contain DNA are:
a) Plastids and lysosomes
b) Golgi apparatus and lysosomes
c) Plastids and mitochondria
d) Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
7. Assertion (A): A cell membrane shows fluid behaviour.
Reason (R): A membrane is a mosaic of lipids and proteins.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
8. Which structure is called little nucleus?
9. Which organelles other than nucleus contain DNA?
10. What is the function of nuclear membrane?
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11. What is the role of ribosmes and golgi body?
12. What is nucleoid? How it is different from the nucleus of eukaryotic cell?
13. How are the following related to each other?
i. Chromatin network and chromosomes
ii. Chloroplast and chlorophyll
iii. Genes and DNA
14. i. State what will happen when human red blood cells are placed in a hypotonic salt/sugar solution.
ii. Why plant cell shrinks when kept in a hypertonic solution.
iii. Why lysosomes are known as suicidal bags?
15. Differentiate between
i. Cell wall and cell membrane.
ii. Nuclear region of a bacterial cell and nuclear region of an animal cell.
iii. Prokaryotic cell & eukaryotic cell.

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Class 09 - Science
Cell - Basic Unit of life Test 01

Solution

1. i. (c) structural strength to plants

Explanation: structural strength to plants
ii. (d) DNA and protein
Explanation: DNA and protein
iii. (d) Only (II)
Explanation: Only (II)
iv. (d) nucleoid
Explanation: nucleoid
v. (c) Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.
Explanation: Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.
2. (d) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a
semipermeable membrane
Explanation: Osmosis is the passive movement of water or any other solvent molecules from a region of higher water
concentration to a region of lower water concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
3. (a) (a), (c) and (d) are correct
Explanation: The plasma membrane, protoplasm, and nucleus are living matter of a cell. Cell-wall is a non-living part
of the cell made up of cellulose.
4. (b) Adenosine triphosphate
Explanation: The full form of ATP is adenosine triphosphate. ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell. The
energy required for various chemical activities is released by mitochondria. They contain enzymes for cellular
respiration.
5. (b) Cell, Robert Hooke
Explanation: Various type of cells shown in the figure like plant cell, muscle cell, blood cell, nerve cell are all having
basic plan-central nucleus, with membrane and cytoplasm .
Robert Hooke observed the cell under microscope.
6. (c) Plastids and mitochondria
Explanation: In eukaryotes, DNA is generally membrane-bound. Hence in eukaryotes, it is found within the nucleus,
mitochondria (animal cell), and plastids (chloroplasts, plant cells).
7. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: A cell membrane shows fluid behaviour. It was proved by fluid- mosaic model of a biomembrane by
Singer and Nicolson in 1972. According to this model, the membrane does not have a uniform disposition of lipids and
proteins but is a mosaic of the two. Further, the membrane is not solid but is quasi fluid.
8. Nucleolus is the little structure present inside the nucleus.
9. Mitochondria and plasmids contain DNA.
10. 1. A nuclear envelope separates the environment of nucleus from that of rest of the cell.
2. It protects the genetic material from damage.It facilitates movement of materials in and out of the nucleus.
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11. Ribosomes synthesize proteins. Golgi body helps in storage, packaging and dispatch of various substance inside and
outside the cell.

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12. In prokaryotic cell, genetic material in not surrounded by membrane. This undefined region where genetic material is
present, is known as nucleoid.
In eukaryotic cell, genetic material is surrounded by nuclear membrane.
13. i. The cell contains nuclear material which can be seen as an entangled mass of thread-like structure when it is not
dividing. The chromatin material gets organized into rod-like structures called chromosomes when the cell is about to
divide.
ii. Chloroplasts are green-coloured plastids that contain a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll.
iii. Genes are the functional segments of DNA (present on DNA) that control a specific trait by making a specific
protein.
14. i. When human red blood cells are placed in hypotonic salt/sugar solution they swell due to endosmosis.
ii. Plant cell shrinks when kept in hypertonic solution because the concentration of the solvent is more inside the cell. It
shrinks due to exosmosis.
iii. Lysosomes are known as suicidal bags because, during the breakdown of cell structure, lysosome bursts and enzymes
eat up their own cells.
i. Cell wall Cell membrane

It is present in bacteria, fungi, and plant cells. It is absent It is present in all cells.
in animal cells and protozoans.
There is no other name of the cell wall. The cell membrane is also known as the plasma
membrane or plasmalemma.

The cell wall is completely permeable. The cell membrane is semi-permeable.

The cell wall is made up of cellulose. The cell membrane is made up of lipids and proteins.

15. ii. Nuclear region of bacterial cell Nuclear region of an animal cell
Smaller in size. Larger in size.

The nuclear membrane is absent, the nucleolus is absent. The nucleus is Nuclear membrane with nucleolus
regarded as the nucleoid. present.

iii. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell

The size of a cell is generally small. The size of a cell is generally large.

The true nucleus is absent. The true nucleus is present.

It contains a single chromosome. Contains more than one chromosome.

Membrane-bound cell organelles absent. Membrane-bound cell organelles present.

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