Engineering Drawing - Lab - Manual - FA24
Engineering Drawing - Lab - Manual - FA24
Engineering Drawing - Lab - Manual - FA24
Supervised By
Semester ___________________________
Revision History
8. Lab Manual Revised (OBE) Sep-20-2017 Sara Sajid /M. Umair Safder
This course emphasizes using various electronic graphical media software to create standardized technical
documentation for architectural, electrical, and mechanical applications. It will give students an introduction
to the fundamentals of Engineering Drawing. A wide range of methods are used to create, print 2D, 3D
orthographic and isometric presentation in a wide variety of output formats using AutoCAD as the primary
tool. They will also learn the different techniques to convert the 2-D drawings into 3-D and 3-D into 2-D.
Learning Outcomes
1. Explain properly detailed, formatted, dimensioned drawings and reproduces
different projection techniques using AutoCAD tool [PLO 5] [P3].
PLO2
PLO3
PLO5
CLO
CLO1 X P3
Lab 10
Lab 11
Lab 12
Lab 1
Lab 2
Lab 3
Lab 4
Lab 5
Lab 6
Lab 7
Lab 8
Lab 9
CLO
CLO1 P P P2 P2 P2 P2 P2 P2 P3 P3
P1 P1
1 1
Grading Policy
The final marks for lab would comprise of Lab Assessment (25%), Lab Mid Term (25%) and Lab
Terminal (50%).
Mid Term 0.5*(Lab Mid Term) + 0.5*(average of lab evaluation of Lab 1-6)
Terminal 0.5*(Lab Terminal Exam) +0.375*(average of lab evaluation of Lab 7-
12) + 0.125*(average of lab evaluation of Lab 1-6)
The minimum pass marks for both lab and theory shall be 50%. Students obtaining less than 50%
marks (in either theory or lab, or both) shall be deemed to have failed in the course. The final marks
would be computed with 75% weight to theory and 25% to lab final marks.
Software Resources
AutoCAD
Safety Instructions
1. All users of the laboratory are to follow the directions of Academic/Laboratory Technician staff
member.
2. Students should not attempt to repair, open, tamper or interfere with any of the computer other
equipment in the laboratory.
3. Students should be aware of office ergonomic guidelines for correct posture when using computer
equipment.
4. Please treat fellow users of the laboratory, and all equipment within the laboratory, with the
appropriate level of care and respect.
6. Do not spill water or any other liquid on the machine, in order to maintain electrical safety. There is a
lot of equipment in computer labs that could short circuit itself or cause electric shocks.
Preface iii
Books iv
Learning Outcomes iv
CLOs – PLOs Mapping iv
Grading Policy iv
Software Resources iv
Lab Instructions v
Safety Instructions v
Table of Contents vi
Pre Lab: 8
Pre Lab: 13
In Lab Exercise: 13
LAB # 3: To describe the basic commands with the detailed dimensioned drawings using AutoCAD. 16
Objectives 16
Pre Lab 16
In Lab Exercise: 18
LAB # 4: To explain the modify commands I and display the drawings using AutoCAD 27
Objective: 27
Pre Lab: 27
In-Lab Exercise: 28
LAB # 5: To explain the modify Commands II and display the drawings using AutoCAD 33
Objective: 33
In Lab Exercise: 34
LAB # 6: To explain the advance modify command and display the drawings using AutoCAD 41
Objectives 41
Pre Lab: 41
In Lab Exercise: 41
LAB # 7: To explain the orthographic views and display orthographic projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
46
Objectives 46
Pre Lab: 46
In-Lab Exercise: 47
LAB # 8: To explain the isometric drawings and display isometric projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD. 52
Objectives 52
Pre Lab: 52
In Lab Exercise: 54
Pre Lab: 59
LAB # 11: To reproduce the cross-sectional view of Mechanical drawing using AutoCAD. 63
Objectives 63
Pre Lab: 63
LAB #12: To follow the concept of 3-D modelling and sketch the drawings using AutoCAD. 65
Objective 65
Pre Lab : 65
In Lab Exercise: 66
Pre Lab:
Menu Bar
Menu bar is the link between you and AutoCAD.
View menu: Helps you to zoom in/out, view the drawing in 3D etc.
Insert menu: Helps you to embed other drawings in your drawing, change layouts etc.
Format menu: It Deals with the properties of lines, units, drawing limits etc.
Tools menu: It is there to enhance your drawing all kinds of lines and shapes.
Dimension menu: It gives you all the ways of accurately giving the dimensions of shapes in your drawing.
Modify menu: It offers you with several options with which you can change and rectify your drawing
according to the requirements.
Draw/Dimension/Modify Toolbars
The draw, dimension and modify toolbars are shorter versions of draw, dimension and modify means
respectively, which give the more basic commands from their respective menus in a very user-friendly
manner. The window menu is there to do operations on the AutoCAD window while the help menu is for your
help anytime.
Command Line
The command line shows and keeps a history of whatever commands you are using while you are drawing.
You can use the menu bar or the toolbar to give commands and you can also give commands by writing the
right syntax in the command line for a particular command as shown in figure 1.2.
It gives you a number of advantages which will be discussed later. Whenever you want to exit any command,
you just have to press the escape button.
Status Bar
This bar is situated at the button of the AutoCAD window as shown in figure 1.3. The buttons on the right
side will be discussed later. On the left side there are 3 values that we can see. These values actually give you
the position of the cursor. The first value is the X-coordinate, second is Y-coordinate and the third one is the
Z-coordinate.
SNAP
This button when turned on restricts your cursor on the drawing area to move only on the grid
points. You can always right click this button, click properties, and change snap settings. You can
change how much your cursor will move in each step horizontally and vertically on the drawing
area.
ORTHO
When this button is turned on you can only make horizontal and vertical lines because cursor will
not move other than four directions (i.e. up, down, right, left). When you want to make inclined
lines please always turn off this button.
POLAR
Turning on this button will indicate angles while you are making lines, so that u can see easily
draw accurate angles between 2 lines or make lines at particular angles with respect to other lines.
You can right click on this bottom to change the precision of the angle indicator. E.g. AutoCAD
helps you to make angles at an interval of 15.
OSNAP
This option helps you to connect accurately end of lines to centres, midnight, intersections and
many other points that you can turn on by right clicking on the button and going to the properties
dialog box.
Whenever you end a line, before left clicking and setting its end, while moving on the drawing
area, wherever there is a midpoint, an intersection or any other point that has been turned on in the
OSNAP settings, as soon as the cursor touches that the point is highlighted with a yellow
boundary around that point.
OTRACK
This helps you to move and make the end of any line vertically above/below or horizontally
right /left of any other point on the drawing.
LWT
This button when turned on shows the weight of lines on the drawing area. When turned off, all
the lines will have equal standard width/weight.
MODEL
When turned on it shows you the black working area and when it is turned off it shows your
drawing on white screen.
Save a file by your name on your desktop and insert it in your flash drive
Save
Close
Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 0.5 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.
Turn on the model button and go to the paper layout. What is the use of this button in your opinion.
Lab Task 2:
Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 1.0 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.
Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 5.0 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
Working Area:
The black background that you see in your AutoCAD window is your working area.
Setting Units:
This is important because you have to specify the scale of your
drawing and keep your drawing dimensionally accurate. Go to the
format menu and click on units. You will come across the
window as shown in figure 2.1.
Here you have to specify in what units you would work, what type
of lengths you would use (e.g. decimal or fractional). What
precision or decimal place you are using to specify each point on
your drawing. What type and precision of angles you would use
(e.g. degree or radian).
In Lab Exercise:
Grid, Snap and Zoom Settings:
Once you have set the drawing limits in units you can turn on the
grid and snap buttons on the status bar. This will help you to know
your working area and turning on snap will help you move the
cursor through fixed distance in x and y direction. With this you
can accurately draw lines even with the mouse. Make sure that
after
turning on grid and snap you write zoom in the command line, press enter, write all and press enter again.
This thing will help you to remove in screen errors that occur mostly in AutoCAD.
Lab Task 1:
Draw the figure 2.2 in AutoCAD using decimal units and appropriate commands.
Fig 2.2
Lab Task 2:
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Part II
To demonstrate the concept of different dimensioning modes and construct multi view drawings using
AutoCAD.
To sketch the properly formatted drawings and modify different dimension styles.
Basic Commands
Line
Construction line
Polyline
Rectangle
Arc
Circle
Spline
Ellipse
Hatch
Drawing Toolbar
Fig 3.1 AutoCAD home screen window
Line (line)
Either you can right “line” in the command line or press the first button in the drawing toolbar to activate line
command. Once you have activated the line command either the coordinates of the starting point in command
line, press enter, specify coordinates of finishing points, press enter, and a line will be made on the working
area. Make sure that the coordinates you have specified are inside the drawing limits you have set before
starting the drawing.
In Lab Exercise:
Polygon (polygon)
Rectangle (rectangle)
Either write “rectangle” in the command line or use the draw toolbar to initiate this command. Specify the
first point and then specify the other point opposite to the first point. You can either specify points with the
click of your or by entering the coordinates of these two points in the command line.
Arc (arc)
Write “arc” in the command line to initiate this command. You have to specify 3 points to make an arc. You
can either do it with your mouse or entering coordinates in the command line.
Circle (circle)
Write “circle” in the command line to initiate this command. To draw a circle you have to specify the center
of a circle, which you can do by clicking that point on the drawing area with your mouse or by writing the
coordinate in the command line and pressing enter. Next you have to specify the radius of the circle. Again
you might use the mouse to click the any point on the circumference you want to specify or you can write the
radius in the command line. If you want to specify the diameter, write “d” and press enter in the command line
when you r asked for the radius and then type the diameter.
Spline (spline)
It is a continuous arc in which you keep on specifying the points like you do for and arc and to finish this
command press the escape button.
Ellipse (ellipse)
To draw an ellipse, type “ellipse” in the command line or use the draw toolbar. First specify the end points of
the major arc and then you have to specify half the distance of the minor axis.
Hatch (bhatch)
When you want to highlight an area of your drawing you use hatch lines. These are slanting lines that the part
of your drawing to be highlighted. To activate this command type “bhatch” in the command line and you will
come across the screen shown in figure 3.2. When you have set the required type and pattern of the hatch line,
press the “pick points” option.
Just click on the enclosed area of your drawing and then press enter, the following window will appear again.
Now press ok and you will get the area hatched.
You can change the type, colour, weight, properties of a line by double clicking it and editing the property box
(given bellow) that appears after double clicking.
Or you can also select the line with your mouse and then change the properties from the properties toolbar
shown below:
The first drop down menu is colour, second is line type and third is line weight. By layer means that this
property of the line, will be the same as the property of the layer, in which the line has been made.
Lab Task 1:
Draw the first sheet that you have drawn manually, doubling the drawing limits to 48 by 80 and every
measurement that you had in the lab exercise.
Replicate the boundaries you made in the lab exercise and make the following figures in the square
boxes.
A square with its 4 corners at the mid points of the sides of any square box.
Write your name, roll number, drawing number, drawing title (BASIC SHAPES), date and your
section in these six rectangles formed below
Make centre lines (centre 2) in the circle you have made and change the line type of the square to
dash2
Lab Tasks 2:
Draw an equilateral triangle having side of 4.5m and an angle of 60o. Also draw three circles of 1.6 m
diameter each at three corners of the triangle.
Dimensioning Toolbar
While dimensioning please keep the OSNAP button on, So that you are able to specify the start and end points
of length you want to dimension accurately.
The command syntax for the following dimensioning commands is specified in the brackets.
In-Lab Exercise:
2. In the Dimension Style Manager, select the dimension style to restore and choose Set Current.
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 23
3. Choose Close
Lab Task 1:
Draw the diagram mentioned in Fig 4.3 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Lab Task 2:
Draw the diagram mention in Fig. 4.4 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 3.9
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
Modify Commands I
Mirror
Copy
Array
Offset
Rotate
Mirror (mirror)
To mirror object
From the Modify menu, choose mirror.
To copy an object
From the Modify menu , Choose Copy
Offset (offset)
To offset an object by specifying a distance.
From the Modify menu choose Offset
Specify the offset distance. You can enter a value or use the pointing device
Select a point on the side where you want to place the new object
Enter t (through).
In-Lab Exercise:
Array (array)
The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object selection.
In the Rows and column boxes, enter the number of rows and column in the array.
Specify the horizontal and vertical spacing (offset) between objects by using one of the following
methods:
In the row offset and column offset boxes enter the distance between rows and between columns.
Adding a plus sign (+) or a minus sign(-) determines direction.
Click the pick both offset button to use the pointing device to specify the diagonals corners of the
cell in the array. The cell determines the vertical and horizontal spacing of the rows and column.
Click the pick row offset or pick column offset button to use the pointing device to specify the
horizontal and vertical spacing.
To change the rotation angle of the array, enter the new angle next to angle of array.
Enter an X value and a Y value for the centre point of the polar array.
Click and pick centre point button. The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object
selection. Use the pointing device to specify the centre point of polar array.
The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object selection.
Enter the angle to fill and angle between items, if available. Angle to fill specifies the distance to
fill around the circumference of array. Angle between items specifies the distance between each
item.
Click the pick angle to fill button and the pick angle between items button and use the pointing
device to specify the angle between items.
The example box displays the result. You can set any of the following options:
To specify the X and Y base point , choose more , clear the set to object ‘s default option and enter
the values in the X and Y boxes , or the pick base point button and use the pointing device to specify
the point.
Choose OK to create array.
Rotate (rotate)
To rotate an object
From the Modify menu , choose Rotate
Drag the object around its base point and specify a point location to which you want to rotate.
Enter r (reference)
Now define the reference and the new angle by selecting the objects you are aligning.
Enter in (intersection objet snap), and select the intersection point (2) to begin defining the reference
angle.
Enter end (end point object snap), and select end point of the object you are rotating (3) to complete
the definition of the reference angle.
Enter end again, and select the end point of the object you are aligning to (4).
Lab Task 1:
Draw the diagram in Fig. 5.1 using AutoCAD through appropriate commands.
Lab Task 2:
Design the drawing mention in Fig. 5.2 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 4.2
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
Modify Commands II
Break
Scale
Trim
Extend
Stretch
Erase
Move
Fillet
Chamfer
Break (break).
To break an object.
From Modify menu choose break.
By default, the point at which you select the object is the first break point. To choose a different pair of break
points, enter f (first) and specify the break point.
Scale (scale)
Enter the scale factor or drag and click to specify a new scale.
Enter r (reference).
Select the first and the second reference points, or enter a value for the reference length.
In Lab Exercise:
Trim (trim)
To trim an object.
From the Modify menu, choose trim.
To select all the object in the drawing as potential cutting edges, press Enter without selecting any object.
Otherwise press Enter after selecting the object.
Extend (extend)
To extend an object.
From the Modify menu, choose extend.
To select all the objects in the drawing as potential boundary edges, press Enter without selecting any object.
Stretch (stretch)
To stretch an object
From the Modify menu, choose stretch.
The crossing windows must include at least one vertex or endpoint. Specify a crossing window either by
entering a c or by clicking, moving your pointing device from right to left, and click again.
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 34
Do one of the following
1. Enter a displacement in the form of a relative Cartesian, polar, cylindrical, or spherical coordinate. Do
not include the @ sign, because a relative coordinate is assumed. Press enter at the prompt for the
second point of displacement.
2. Specify the base point for the, and then specify a second point, the point of displacement.Any objects
with at least one vertex or endpoint included within the crossing window are stretched. Any objects
that are completely within the crossing window are moved without stretching.
Erase (Erase)
To erase an object
From the Modify menu , choose Erase
At the Select Objects prompt, Use a selection method to select the objects to be erased or enter an
option
Move (Move)
The objects you selected are moved to a new location determined by the distance and direction
between the first and the second points.
By entering only one set of coordinate values, you instruct AutoCAD to use it as a relative
displacement rather than a base point. The objects you select are moved to a new location determined
by the relative coordinate value you enter.
Fillet (fillet)
Enter r (radius)
Chamfer (chamfer)
Enter d (distance)
Enter a (angle).
Enter the distance from the corner to be chamfered along the first line.
Lab Task 1:
Draw the drawing in Fig 5.1 using AutoCAD through appropriate commands.
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 37
Fig 5.1
Lab Task 2:
Draw the diagram in figure 5.2 using AutoCAD with appropriate commands.
Fig 5.2
Lab Task 3:
Draw the drawing mention in Fig 5.3 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Lab Task 2:
Draw the drawing mention in Fig 5.4 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 5.4
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 39
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Objectives
To describe the basic concept, different mode of operation and properties of layers.
Pre Lab:
Layers are equivalent of the overlays used in paper-based drafting. They are the primary organizational tool in
AutoCAD, and you use them to group information by the function and enforce line type,color and other
standards.
By creating layers, you can associate similar types of objects by assigning them to the same layer. For
example, you can put Construction line, text, dimensions, and title blocks on separate layers. You can then
control
What default line type and line weight is assigned to all objects on a layer?
When you begin a new drawing, AutoCAD creates a special layer named 0. By default, layer 0 is assigned
colour number 7 (white or black depending upon your background color) the CONTINUOUS line type, a line
weight of Default ( the default setting is 0.01 inch or 0.25mm), and the NORMAL plot style . Layer 0 cannot
be deleted or renamed.
Easy alterations.
In Lab Exercise:
Function of layers
ON/OFF
Freeze/Unfreeze
Lock/Unlock
Properties of layers
Layer Properties
By pressing the first button which you can see in the above diagram you will come across the following
windows. Here you can add /delete layers by using New/Delete buttons. Now you just have to double click on
the layer under the appropriate column of the property you want to change and you will get the required
window to do the same.
Lab Task 1:
Draw the diagram mention in Fig.6.3 using appropriate command and make the following layers.
Fig 6.3
Draw the diagram mention in Fig. 6.4 using appropriate commands with the following layers.
Fig 6.4
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Part 1
To describe the fundamental concept of orthographic projections and construct the 1 st angle orthographic
views by considering the parallel projection using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
Part 2
To construct the 3rd angle orthographic views by considering the parallel projection using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Part 1 -Familiarize yourself with 1st angle Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is the graphical method used in modern engineering drawing. In order to interpret and
communicate with engineering drawings a designer must have a sound understanding of its use and a clear
vision of how the various projections are created.
The word orthographic means to draw at right angles and is derived from the Greek words:
ORTHOS - straight, rectangular, upright
GRAPHOS - written, drawn
Projections created with the object placed in the first quadrant are said to be in first angle projection, and
likewise, projections created with the object placed in the third quadrant are said to be in Third Angle
projection.
In-Lab Exercise:
Creating orthographic projection drawings:
This is an introduction into how to create and interpret multi-view orthographic projection drawings.
• Front F
• Left L
• Right R
• Plan (Top) P
Usual practice is to orient the component in a position that it is most likely to be found in. Your aim is
to create, from the front view, an orthographic projection drawing as shown below in Figure 7.3. Note how the
views are constructed in line with each other, allowing the features to be 'projected' between the views.
5. Complete the details of the views by adding any required hidden detail lines, other outlines and centre
lines.
With first angle projection the plan view is below the front view. If you had placed the plan view above the
front view it would actually have to become the bottom or underside view!
Lab Task 1:
Fig 7.7
Observe how, in third angle, the views give the image then the object. In other words, what you see then what
you are looking at. In first angle you are given the object then the image, or what you are looking at, then what
you see.
Lab Task 2:
Fig 7.10
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
To construct the 1st angle and 3rd angle isometric projection using drawing sheets and AutoCAD
Pre Lab:
Familiarization with the Concept of Isometric in AutoCAD:
An Isometric drawing is a type of two-dimensional drawing that gives a three-dimensional (3D) appearance.
Isometric drawing is often used to produce pictorial representation of a mechanical part, injection-molded
part, architectural structure, or some other physical object. Pictorial representation a useful because they
provide a realistic view of the object being drawn compared to orthographic views. The drawing in Fig. 8.1 is
an example of isometric drawing created with AutoCAD.
Isometric Planes:
As you can see from Fig. 10.2 the 120o angle produce left, right and top imaginary drawing planes. These
three planes are known as isometric planes.
2. Set the grid at 1 unit and the snap resolution at 0.5 unit
6. Enter 0.5 for the vertical spacing (This should be the default value).
You should now be in isometric drawing mode, with the crosshairs shifted to one of the three isometric
planes.
7. Move the crosshairs and notice that they run parallel to the isometric grid
8. Pick drafting setting from tools pull-down menu and pick the snap and grid tab in the drafting
setting dialogue box.
Notice the lower right area of this dialogue box that you can turn isometric snap on and off. Currently, it
is on because you turned it on with the SNAP command.
Toggling Planes:
When you produce isometric drawing, you will often use more than one of the three isometric planes. To
make your work easier, you can shift the crosshairs from one isometric plane to the next.
1. Press the CTRL and E keys and watch the crosshairs change.
As you can see, this toggles the crosshairs from one isometric plane to the next.
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 53
NOTE: You can also toggle the crosshair using the ISOPLANE command. Enter ISOPLANE and then enter
L, T or R to change to the left, top, and right planes, respectively.
In Lab Exercise:
Creating an Isometric Drawing:
Let’s construct a simple isometric drawing.
1. Create a layer name Objects, assign a colour of your choice to it, and make it the current layer.
2. Enter the LINE command and draw the aluminium block shown in Fig. 3. Make it 3×3×5 unit in size
4. After the block so that it looks similar to the one in Fig.8.3 (a), using the LINE, BREAK and
ERASE command.
5. Further alter the block so that it looks similar to the one in Fig.8.3 (b). Use the ELIPS command to
create holes.
HINT: Since the ellipses are to be drawn on the three isometric planes, toggle the crosshairs to the
correct plane. Then choose the ELIPSE command’s isocircle option.
Compare the two drawings shown in the Figure 8.6. The drawing at the right of is the result of applying
oblique to the drawing at the left. Now let’s dimension the aluminium block.
1. Display the Dimension toolbar and use the oblique Dimension button to create the dimension as
shown in Fig 8.6.
2. In the lower left corner of the block, draw one horizontal and one vertical extension line.
Notice that dimensions are not well-placed. This is because you have not yet applied oblique to them.
3. From the dimension toolbar, pick the Dimension Edit button to enter the DIMEDIT command.
HINT: Enter the oblique angle of 30 to -30, depending on the dimension you are editing.
9. Edit the 1.000 dimension at the top of the block to suppress the right arrow for a cleaner appearance.
When you finish, your drawing should look like the one in Fig-8.7.
NOTE: In this drawing, you have not dimensioned the holes in the aluminium block. The completed drawing
would indicate size and location dimension for all three holes.
10. Return to AutoCAD’s standard drawing format using the SNAP command or the Drafting Settings
dialog box.
11. Close the dimension toolbar, save your work and exit AutoCAD.
Lab Task 1:
Design a 3D drawing from the given orthographic views according to appropriate specified angle.
Fig. 8.7
Lab Task 2:
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 56
Design a 3D drawing from the given orthographic views according to appropriate specified angle
Fig. 8.8
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
An electrical drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information about power, lighting,
and communication for an engineering. Any electrical working drawing consists of "lines, symbols,
dimensions, and notations to accurately convey engineering’s design to the workers, who install the electrical
system on the job. Electrical drafters prepare wiring and layout diagrams used by workers who erect, install,
and repair electrical equipment and wiring in communication centres, power plants, electrical distribution
systems, and buildings.
One-Line Diagrams:
One-line diagram – a diagram that uses single lines and graphic symbols to indicate the path and components
of an electrical circuit. One-line diagrams are used when information about a circuit is required but detail of
the actual wire connections and operation of the circuit is not.
Fig 9.1
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project)
that falls within the definition of architecture. Architectural drawings are used by architects and others for a
number of purposes: to develop a design idea into a coherent proposal, to communicate ideas and concepts, to
convince clients of the merits of a design, to enable a building contractor to construct it, as a record of the
completed work, and to make a record of a building that already exists.
The development of the computer had a major impact on the methods used to design and create technical
drawings, making manual drawing almost obsolete and opening up new possibilities of form using organic
shapes and complex geometry. Today the vast majority of drawings are created using CAD software.
Fig 10.1
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab:
Mechanical systems drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows information regarding to the different
parts/jobs/tools of a particular system. It is a powerful tool that helps analyze complex systems. These
drawings are often a set of detailed drawings used for construction projects
Fig 11.1
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1
Pre Lab :
Familiarize yourself with 3-D Concept:
What is 3D?
3D is based on the way the human brain and eyes work. Because the pupils of a person’s eye are about
6.5 cm (about 2.5”) apart, each eye views a scene from a different angle and generates a unique image.
The brain merges the images to create a single picture. The slight difference between the image from
the right eye and the image from the left eye allows the brain to judge the depth. Stereoscopic vision is
attained.
When a person views media such as photographs and television in 2D, each eye gathers essentially the
same information. In other words, because the image has no real depth, there is only one way of viewing
it. If there is any 3D impression at all, it comes from visual clues in the image, such as perspective.
Remember that what looks acceptable in 2D may not work as you want in 3D and may look terrible. A good
example of bad drawing is the non-use of arcs in the polyline command where a curved road section is
represented by a series of line segments. When turned into a kerb line in 3D it will look like the image below:
In Lab Exercise:
COMMANDS:
Units--------- un (enter)
Dimensions---------- d (enter)
Limits---------- limits (enter) (0,0 – 100,100)
Grid ----------- grid (enter) (1)
Zoom ----------- z (enter) (a)
Line ------------ l (enter)
Circle
Extrude
Solid
SW isometric
Top view
Explanation:
First of all run the Auto CAD 2000 and perform the settings. Write the command of units and set the
units according to your need as we set units as inches. Length type should be architectural and
precision should be 0’-0 1/8”. The angle type should be Deg/Min/Sec and the precision should be
0d00’00”.
After this set the dimensions. Write the command of dimensions and click modify. Click on line and
enter baseline spacing, extend beyond dim lines and offset from origin as 1”. Then click on symbols
and arrows and enter arrow size as 1”. Then click on text and enter text height as 1”. Then click on
primary units and enter unit format as architectural, precision as 0.000, units format as Degree
Minutes Second and its precision as 0.000 then click ok and close.
The next step is to set the limits. Give the command of limits and put limits as (0,0 –100,100). Then
enter command of grid and enter its value as 1. Next step is to zoom. Enter command of zoom and
then enter a (all).
|EEE113 | Engineering Drawing Lab Manual 66
Go to top view and draw a rectangle of your desired length and two circles at a proper length.
Now extrude the circles and rectangle at different length. Copy the rectangle as shown.
Use solid command to fill the boxes and cylinders in SW isometric view.
Lab Task :
Design the object mention in Figure 12.4 in 3-D Modelling with the concept of layers.
Fig 12.4
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent 4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good 3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average 2
partial results.
Worst The student did not complete assigned tasks. 1