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    RC Based Band Pass Filter Lab Report

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    pvi31092
    complete lab report of response of passive RC based band-pass filter with working simulations and results. Electrical Engineering Semester 2 Course: electrical network analysis University: NUST CEME

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    RC Based Band Pass Filter Lab Report

    Uploaded by

    pvi31092
    6 views7 pages
    complete lab report of response of passive RC based band-pass filter with working simulations and results. Electrical Engineering Semester 2 Course: electrical network analysis University: NUST CEME

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    RC based band pass filter Lab report

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    complete lab report of response of passive RC based band-pass filter with working simulations and results. Electrical Engineering Semester 2 Course: electrical network analysis University: NUST CEME

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views7 pages

    RC Based Band Pass Filter Lab Report

    Uploaded by

    pvi31092
    complete lab report of response of passive RC based band-pass filter with working simulations and results. Electrical Engineering Semester 2 Course: electrical network analysis University: NUST CEME

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    T‭ o Study the response of‬

    ‭Passive RC based Band Pass‬


    ‭Filter‬
    ‭Electric Network Analysis‬

    ‭Maaz Hamid || Wajeeha Wasim || Muhammad Soban || Fatima Nasir‬

    ‭DE - 45 - EE - Syn. B‬

    ‭Submitted to: Prof. Harris‬ ‭Submission Date : 29/04/2024‬


    ‭1‬

    ‭Objectives‬
    ‭●‬ ‭To study the Gain vs. Frequency response of Passive RC Band Pass Filters.‬

    ‭Abstract‬
    ‭ he‬ ‭band-pass‬ ‭filter‬‭lets‬‭through‬‭certain‬‭frequencies‬‭and‬‭blocks‬‭others,‬‭useful‬‭in‬‭audio‬‭to‬
    T
    ‭pick‬ ‭out‬ ‭specific‬ ‭sounds.‬ ‭It's‬ ‭made‬ ‭by‬ ‭combining‬ ‭low‬ ‭pass‬ ‭and‬ ‭high‬ ‭pass‬ ‭filters,‬ ‭allowing‬
    ‭flexibility‬ ‭for‬ ‭narrow‬ ‭or‬ ‭wide‬ ‭frequency‬ ‭ranges.‬ ‭Cutoff‬ ‭frequencies‬‭mark‬‭the‬‭edges‬‭of‬‭the‬
    ‭passband.‬ ‭Using‬ ‭simple‬ ‭parts‬ ‭like‬ ‭resistors‬ ‭and‬ ‭capacitors,‬ ‭we‬ ‭can‬ ‭control‬ ‭the‬ ‭filter's‬
    ‭frequency.‬

    ‭Theoretical Background‬
    ‭ ‬ ‭band-pass‬ ‭filter‬ ‭merges‬ ‭low‬ ‭and‬ ‭high‬ ‭pass‬ ‭filters,‬ ‭letting‬ ‭through‬ ‭a‬ ‭specific‬ ‭range‬ ‭of‬
    A
    ‭frequencies‬ ‭while‬ ‭blocking‬ ‭others.‬ ‭In‬ ‭audio,‬ ‭it's‬ ‭vital‬ ‭to‬ ‭isolate‬ ‭only‬ ‭desired‬ ‭frequencies.‬
    ‭This‬‭range,‬‭called‬‭bandwidth,‬‭doesn't‬‭start‬‭at‬‭0‬‭Hz‬‭or‬‭go‬‭to‬‭very‬‭high‬‭frequencies,‬‭but‬‭stays‬
    ‭within a set range, wide or narrow.‬

    ‭ y‬‭stacking‬‭passive‬‭high‬‭pass‬‭and‬‭low‬‭pass‬‭filters,‬‭we‬‭create‬‭a‬‭selective‬‭filter‬‭that‬‭lets‬‭only‬
    B
    ‭specific‬‭frequencies‬‭through.‬‭This‬‭new‬‭RC‬‭filter‬‭setup‬‭can‬‭handle‬‭narrow‬‭or‬‭wide‬‭frequency‬
    ‭ranges.‬ ‭Its‬ ‭design‬‭relies‬‭on‬‭upper‬‭and‬‭lower‬‭cutoff‬‭frequencies.‬‭Essentially,‬‭the‬‭band-pass‬
    ‭filter‬ ‭acts‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭frequency‬ ‭selector,‬ ‭similar‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭"whitelist,"‬ ‭permitting‬ ‭only‬ ‭chosen‬
    ‭frequencies to pass through.‬

    S‭ o,‬‭by‬‭cascading‬‭both‬‭RC‬‭High‬‭Pass‬‭with‬‭RC‬‭Low‬‭Pass‬‭Filters‬‭we‬‭can‬‭have‬‭a‬‭RC‬‭Passive‬‭Band‬
    ‭Pass Filter.‬
    ‭2‬

    ‭❖‬ ‭Cutoff Frequency‬

    ‭Apparatus‬

    ‭I.‬ ‭Inductor (10uH)‬

    ‭II.‬ ‭Jumper Wires‬

    ‭III.‬ ‭Function Generator‬

    ‭IV.‬ ‭Fixed Resistor (1 kΩ)‬

    ‭V.‬ ‭Capacitor (10 uF)‬

    ‭VI.‬ ‭Bread Board‬

    ‭VII.‬ ‭Digital Multimeter (DMM)‬

    ‭VIII.‬ ‭CRO‬

    ‭IX.‬ ‭Probes‬

    ‭Procedure‬

    ‭1.‬ W ‭ e‬ ‭calculated‬ ‭the‬ ‭value‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭lower‬‭cut-off‬‭frequency‬‭(fc)‬‭using‬‭the‬‭provided‬‭formula‬


    ‭and values for our circuit components, which came out to be‬‭10 Hz.‬
    ‭2.‬ ‭The higher cut-off frequency came out to be‬‭1000 Hz.‬
    ‭3‬

    ‭3.‬ ‭We then fixed them on the breadboard to make the following circuit:‬

    ‭4.‬ W‭ e‬ ‭gave‬ ‭a‬ ‭very‬ ‭small‬ ‭frequency‬ ‭of‬ ‭1‬ ‭Hz‬ ‭and‬ ‭noted‬ ‭down‬ ‭the‬ ‭corresponding‬ ‭value‬ ‭of‬
    ‭voltage‬ ‭across‬ ‭the‬ ‭resistor‬ ‭on‬‭our‬‭Oscilloscope‬‭under‬‭the‬‭“Vpp”‬‭reading.‬‭We‬‭then‬‭kept‬
    ‭increasing the frequency slowly and the responses were noted down in a table.‬

    ‭5.‬ ‭We made sure to give a sinusoidal input and measure the amplitude.‬

    ‭6.‬ ‭Then I connected the Oscilloscope probes across the capacitor C₂.‬

    ‭7.‬ S‭ tarting‬ ‭from‬ ‭zero,‬ ‭we‬ ‭adjusted‬ ‭the‬ ‭frequency‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭signal‬ ‭generator‬ ‭so‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬
    ‭output‬ ‭was‬ ‭equal‬ ‭to‬ ‭70.7%‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭amplitude‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭source,‬ ‭and‬ ‭noted‬ ‭it‬ ‭down‬ ‭as‬‭the‬
    ‭Lower Cut-off Frequency in the table.‬

    ‭8.‬ P‭ roteus‬‭software‬‭was‬‭also‬‭used‬‭to‬‭validate‬‭our‬‭experiment,‬‭and‬‭the‬‭following‬‭circuit‬‭was‬
    ‭made:‬
    ‭4‬

    ‭The readings are as follows:‬


    ‭5‬

    ‭The graph looks like the following:‬

    ‭The Hardware readings were as follows:‬

    ‭Frequency (Hz)‬ ‭Voltage (V)‬

    ‭1‬ ‭1.66‬

    ‭2‬ ‭2.26‬

    ‭3‬ ‭2.40‬

    ‭4‬ ‭2.48‬

    ‭5‬ ‭2.48‬

    ‭6‬ ‭2.46‬

    ‭7‬ ‭2.42‬

    ‭8‬ ‭2.36‬

    ‭9‬ ‭2.30‬

    ‭10‬ ‭2.24‬

    ‭11‬ ‭2.18‬

    ‭12‬ ‭2.10‬

    ‭13‬ ‭2.06‬

    ‭14‬ ‭1.98‬
    ‭6‬

    ‭15‬ ‭1.94‬

    ‭16‬ ‭1.88‬

    ‭17‬ ‭1.82‬

    ‭18‬ ‭1.76‬

    ‭19‬ ‭1.70‬

    ‭20‬ ‭1.66‬

    ‭21‬ ‭1.60‬

    ‭22‬ ‭1.56‬

    ‭23‬ ‭1.54‬

    ‭24‬ ‭1.50‬

    ‭Conclusion:‬
    ‭ e‬ ‭examined‬‭the‬‭Gain‬‭vs.‬‭Frequency‬‭response‬‭of‬‭a‬‭Passive‬‭RC‬‭based‬‭Band‬‭Pass‬‭Filter‬‭by‬‭using‬
    W
    ‭suitable‬‭experiments‬‭on‬‭hardware‬‭and‬‭software,‬‭yielding‬‭suitable‬‭results‬‭that‬‭goes‬‭well‬‭with‬‭our‬
    ‭theoretical studies.‬

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