Dab 2 - 3 - 53 0020 93 01 04 001

USER MANUAL | VERSION 3.
DAB-2 / DAB-3
Pressure Digestion System
Copyright © 2017 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH
Reproduction and duplication of this document and utilisation and communication of its content is
prohibited, unless with our express permission. All rights reserved. Damages will be payable in case of in-
fringement.
Disclaimer
The content of this publication was checked for compliance with the hardware and software described. How-
ever, discrepancies may arise; therefore no liability is assumed regarding complete compliance. The infor-
mation in this document will be checked regularly and all necessary corrections will be included in subse-
quent editions. Suggestions for improvements are always welcome.
Subject to technical changes.
Trademark
Digestec® is a registered trademark of Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH.
This Manual
 describes the pressure digestion system Digestec from Berghof Products +Instruments GmbH.
It contains product specific information, current as of the date of publication of this manual.
 guides the user in the safe and proper use of the pressure Digestec system. Familiarity with the rele-
vant chapters of this handbook is required for safe and intended use of the equipment.
 should read the user carefully prior operating the equipment. Failure to follow these instructions could
result in damage to the instrument as well as personal injury.
 does not include repair instructions. Should repairs be required, please contact your representative or
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH.
After unpacking, carefully check the equipment for mechanical damage and missing parts. Should you find
any damage incurred during shipment, contact the manufacturer immediately and do not operate the equip-
ment.
Documentation no.: 53-0020-93-01-04-001
You can reach us at:

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH
Harretstrasse 1
72800 Eningen
Deutschland
T +49.7121.894-202
F +49.7121.894-300
e-mail: [email protected]
www.berghof-instruments.com
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH works in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9001:2008.
USER MANUAL | VERSION 3.1 | DAB-2 / DAB-3
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 3

53-0020-93-01-04-001
Contents
1. GENERAL NOTES .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.1. Danger Categories and Signal Words .............................................................................................. 7
1.2. Qualified Users ................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3. Proper Use .......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4. General Safety Information ............................................................................................................... 9
1.5. Legal Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 12
1.5.1. Recurring inspection, Responsibility for technical inspection, maximum inspection periods
according BetrSichV 2015 .................................................................................................................. 12
1.5.2. Categories (Test group) ...................................................................................................................... 16
1.5.3. TÜV/CE Mark ..................................................................................................................................... 17
1.5.4. Operation ........................................................................................................................................... 18
1.6. Operating regulations and Characteristic Requirements ............................................................. 20
1.6.1. National Regulations, Laws, Ordinance, Technical Rules .................................................................. 20
1.6.2. International regulations ..................................................................................................................... 20
1.6.3. Applicable Documents........................................................................................................................ 20
1.7. Safety ................................................................................................................................................ 21
1.7.1. Safety information on the unit............................................................................................................. 21
1.8. Information on Disposal .................................................................................................................. 22
1.9. Warranty / Limitation of Warranty ................................................................................................... 23
1.9.1. Caveat emptor .................................................................................................................................... 23
2. DEVICE DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................... 25

2.1. Basic Instrument .............................................................................................................................. 25
2.1.1. Technical Specification ....................................................................................................................... 26
2.2. Safety Equipment ............................................................................................................................. 27
2.3. Accessories ...................................................................................................................................... 28
2.3.1. Mounting Tools ................................................................................................................................... 28
2.3.2. Heating Block and Hot Plate Stirrer .................................................................................................... 29
2.3.3. Electric Heating block ......................................................................................................................... 30
2.3.4. Temperature control with BTC-1000 or BTC-3000 ............................................................................. 31
3. SETUP AND COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................................ 33

3.1. Standard Delivery ............................................................................................................................. 33
3.2. Transport and Storage ..................................................................................................................... 33
3.3. Ambient Conditions ......................................................................................................................... 33
3.4. Unpacking and Inspection............................................................................................................... 34
3.5. Installation ........................................................................................................................................ 35
4 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

53-0020-93-01-04-001
4. OPERATION ...................................................................................................................................... 39
4.1. Opening and Closing ....................................................................................................................... 39
4.1.1. Information Regarding Digestion ........................................................................................................ 39
4.1.2. Developing a new application ............................................................................................................. 40
4.2. Feeding Digestion Vessel ................................................................................................................ 41
4.2.1. Removal of the PTFE-Insert ............................................................................................................... 42
4.2.2. Sample and acid addition ................................................................................................................... 43
4.2.3. Closing the pressure vessel ............................................................................................................... 44
4.3. Performing a Pressure Digestion.................................................................................................... 46
4.3.1. Heating ............................................................................................................................................... 47
4.3.2. Cooling ............................................................................................................................................... 47
4.4. Opening............................................................................................................................................. 48
4.4.1. Venting and Opening .......................................................................................................................... 49
4.4.2. Sample transfer .................................................................................................................................. 49
5. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE ................................................................. 51

5.1. Cleaning ............................................................................................................................................ 51
5.2. Maintenance and Inspection ........................................................................................................... 53
5.2.1. Apply PTFE-paste .............................................................................................................................. 54
5.2.2. Rupture disc replacement .................................................................................................................. 54
5.3. Recurring Inspection ....................................................................................................................... 55
5.4. Inspection ......................................................................................................................................... 55
5.5. Repairs / Customer Service ............................................................................................................. 56
5.5.1. Reshipment ........................................................................................................................................ 56
5.5.2. Safety and Health Declaration ............................................................................................................ 56
5.6. Tips and Tricks ................................................................................................................................. 57
5.6.1. PTFE Insert ........................................................................................................................................ 57
5.7. Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................... 58
5.8. Stamping / Nameplate ...................................................................................................................... 59
5.8.1. Stamp marking on the pressure vessel .............................................................................................. 59
5.8.2. Name plate ......................................................................................................................................... 59
6. APPENDIX ......................................................................................................................................... 61
6.1. Conversion Table ............................................................................................................................. 61
6.2. Abbreviation ..................................................................................................................................... 61
6.3. Application ........................................................................................................................................ 62

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1. General Notes
Please read this instruction manual carefully before operating your high pressure digestion system. Failure to
follow these instructions could result in damage to the equipment as well as personal injury.
The operator is responsible for working being carried out in a safety-conscious manner avoiding risks.
Safety instructions are described in section 'Danger Categories and Signal Words'. These safety notes must be
heeded in all cases!
1.1. Danger Categories and Signal Words

The signal words described below are used in connection with warnings throughout this manual. For your
own safety and to avoid property damage, you must strictly heed these warnings!
The safety signals are printed in boldface or are otherwise marked throughout this manual and have the fol-
lowing meanings:
DANGER Means that failure to follow the safety instructions is likely to cause severe
personal injury, death or severe property damage.
WARNING Means that failure to follow the safety instructions may cause severe personal
injury, death or severe property damage.
CAUTION Means that failure to follow the safety instructions may cause personal injury
or some property damage.
NOTICE This symbol indicates that this is important information regarding the product or
refers to a part of the manual, which requires particular emphasis.
1.2. Qualified Users

Only Qualified Users should operate this equipment. Qualified Users with respect to this manual are rele-
vantly schooled and trained specialists with a basic knowledge of chemistry and technology. They should be
trained in the relevant legal regulations for handling of chemicals.

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1.3. Proper Use
DANGER Explosion hazard!

The unit is not designed for the use with substances / solutions, gas- / liquid
mixtures or similar, which can form explosive mixtures and substances under
operating conditions. (E.g., perchloric acid, solvent / air mixtures in certain con-
centrations, etc.)
WARNING Observe all operating instructions!

Always exercise particular care when handling pressurized vessels. Always
comply with the operating instructions and all legal requirements as well as
general safety regulations related to handling the individual chemical sub-
stances involved.
The operator may only permit knowledgeable and properly trained personnel to
operate the pressure digestion system and its accessory equipment and must
ensure that other employees or third parties are not endangered.
The operator must prepare appropriate operating instructions in order to en-
sure that personnel operating the pressure digestion system or equipment re-
ceive proper instruction.
All locally applicable regulations governing the operation of the pressure ves-
sels must be complied with.
WARNING Observe all operating instructions!

Since sample composition is generally not precisely defined, a certain residual
risk exists when performing pressure digestion processes. Careful working
practices and conscious compliance with safety regulations can only minimize
this risk, not totally eliminate it. Due to different degrees of mixing, even identi-
cal samples can exhibit totally different behaviors during the course of the reac-
tion!
Please strictly comply with the operating instructions, particularly when han-
dling the pressure vessels, that is, when removing and opening the vessels. In-
correct handling of the hot, pressurized vessels can result in injuries from es-
caping acid vapors!
 Application area The Digestec pressure digestion system has been designed to perform chemical digestion procedures under
extreme pressure and temperature conditions in chemical laboratories. Digestion is understood to mean the
decomposition of a solid material by means of a suitable digestion reagent at increased temperature in a ves-
sel.
Digestion reagents used include nitric acid (65%), hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, and
sulfuric acid, as well as mixtures of these acids. The maximum initial weight for organic compounds depends
on the digestion vessel being used and the sample’s carbon content, must always be observed.

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By heating in the pressure vessel results in digestion temperatures in excess of 200 °C (392°F). The Digestec
pressure digestion system has been specially developed for sample preparation for AAS and ICP spectroscopy
procedures. Very temperature spikes >280 °C (>536°F) such as can occasionally occur during the course of
exothermic reactions can result in irreversible damage to the PTFE-Inserts. Since such scorching cannot al-
ways be avoided, even with optimum heating regulation, damage of this kind is excluded from the warranty!
The system may only be used within the context of data and applications specified in this documentation and
the associated user manuals.
The pressure laboratory reactor may only be used:

 Properly
 In a technically flawless condition
 Without unauthorized alterations or modifications
 By qualified users
Please also observe all regulations published by professional/trade associations, the TÜV, VDE regu-
lations, or corresponding national regulations.
1.4. General Safety Information

Using the pressure digestion system involves taking into account various safety precautions which go beyond
those for general laboratory practices. The following general safety information should therefore be read
carefully prior to using the system, and should be observed at all times.
We can assume no liability for damages resulting from improper handling of a failure to comply with this in-
formation.
DANGER Explosion hazard !

Do not use perchloric acid.
Highly reactive substances which spontaneously react at higher temperatures
or in the presence of oxidizing agents or which may be nitrated and are poten-
tially explosive may not be digested. Examples of such substances include:
explosives (TNT, etc.), perchlorates, ether, pyrophoric substances, etc.
DANGER Improper use!

Should a directly hazardous situation develop while the digestion system is in
operation, e.g., as the result of an unexpected reaction or dangerous effects
from the outside, all requisite countermeasures must be immediately initiated
and, if necessary, the pressure vessels must be taken out of service.
A complete and detailed inspection of the pressure vessel must be performed if
the operational fault resulted in the permissible pressure being exceeded by
more than 10%, or if the permissible operating temperature was significantly
exceeded, or if the pressure vessel or its fittings were damaged.

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DANGER Pressure vessels!

Use only digestion vessels and spare parts authorized by Berghof Products +
Instruments GmbH for use with the Digestec .These can be obtained either from
your local representative or directly from Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH
(Refer to the “Repairs / Customer Service” section for contact addresses).
Always wear your personal protective equipment when working with the pres-
sure vessels!
When using hydrofluoric acid especially appropriate safety equipment should
be worn.
Stainless steel is not resistant against aqua regia. Due to diffusion of the acid
through the PTFE-Insert the lifetime of the vessels will be reduced dramatically
using aqua regia in the vessels DAB-2 or DAB-3.
Pressure vessel to be closed with torque wrench, using the stated locking
force.
Note any changes in the appearance of the pressure vessel which could indi-
cate possible material fatigue, e.g., deformation of the vessel, difficulty screw-
ing on lids, etc. even when the vessel is cold and not under pressure. All such
vessels should be immediately returned to Berghof Products + Instruments
GmbH for inspection.
Never attempt to use force to open the vessels.
The pressure vessels are equipped with a rupture disc which produces a spon-
taneous pressure release upwards through the screw-on tube connections in
case of excessive vessel pressure. In some cases, such a spontaneous pres-
sure release may occur after the vessel has been removed from the heater.
The area above the pressure vessels should be marked as a danger zone, due
to the possibility of the eruption of the bursting disc and the consequent release
of hot acidic vapors.
The unit may never be employed without proper over-pressure protection (e.g.,
rupture disc). Corroded rupture discs shall be replaced in time.
Pressure vessel may be heated up to 250°C only! (Heating only with over-
temperature safety device).
Open pressure vessel only in cold condition. Lid must be released and slacked
(safety lock) before open quick-lock device.
Hot gases and vapors may be released from the digestion vessel when it is
opened! Always make sure the vent opening on pressure vessels faces away
from both yourself and other individuals!
Only open the digestion vessel under a fume hood or other exhaust system.
Particular care is required when working with hydrofluoric acid (HF). Observe
all relevant data sheets and safety instructions!
Never use more than one rupture disc per vessel!
The bayonet lock can only be securely locked after a 90° turn to the stop. Im-
properly locked bayonets can become unfastened during use and especially
while opening.

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WARNING Max. operating temperature and operating pressure!

The maximum interior temperature and maximum operating pressure may not
be exceeded (refer to the ´Technical Specifications` section). Exceeding the
maximum temperature will result both in a reduction of the vessel pressure re-
sistance as well as possibly damaging the seals.
WARNING Accessories!
The Digestec pressure digestion system may only be used in conjunction with
the specified heating and stirring systems.
Heating of the vessels may be done in Berghof heating blocks only. Never heat
the pressure vessels in a drying oven; the pressure wave resulting from the
eruption of the rupture disc may lead to damage of the oven.
Never allow liquids, particularly toxic compounds, to spill on hot parts.
WARNING Accessories use low voltage 230V!

Unit must always be carefully connected to a ground conductor. Provided the
wall outlet used is equipped with a ground connection, the supplied power cord
will ensure proper connection. If it is necessary to use an extension cord to
connect the system to the power supply, only a three-wire cord with a ground
connection may be employed.
Repairs and service may only be performed by properly trained and qualified
personnel.
WARNING Only use approved supply cords!

Do not exchange the detachable mains supply cord with a cord of inadequate
rating. Use only approved and undamaged supply cords.
Ventilation
Users are responsible for assuring that appropriate ventilation of toxic gases is
assured.
Make sure that all ventilation procedures conform to applicable laws.

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1.5. Legal Requirements
DANGER The user is responsible for ensuring that the current regulations are respected.
The set of rules in this chapter is only an overview.
Within the European Union, 2014/68/EU (Pressure Equipment Directive) and 2014/29/EU (Simple Pres-
sure Vessels Directive) bring the various national technical requirements into line. In the German Code, the-
se have been included in the 6th and 14th Equipment and Product Safety Act. This enacted harmonized char-
acteristics requirements. However, harmonized technical rules or adapted national construction require-
ments (e.g. AD-2000 in Germany) may also apply.
Manufacturers of pressure equipment are free to select among these regulations based on their
countries!
1.5.1. Recurring inspection, Responsibility for technical inspection,

maximum inspection periods according BetrSichV 2015
The laboratory reactor can be operated either as a pressure vessel or as an autoclave. The classification must
be carried out by the operator.
The following applies to pressure vessels:
§15
§16 Recurring inspections
Test- V, PS*V, Examination
Vessel PS, [bar]
group [Liter] [bar*Liter] for commis- External Internal Strength
sioning Inspection Inspection Test
DAB-2 0,05 200 10
DAB-3 0,2 | 0,42 200 40 | 84
Table 1: Pressure vessels
Legend:
No test group according to BetrSichV
Person qualified for examination
Approved body according to §37 ProdSG

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The following applies to experimental autoclaves:
§15
§16 Recurring inspections
Test- V, PS*V, Examination
Vessel PS, [bar]
group [Liter] [bar*Liter] for commis- External Internal Strength
sioning Inspection Inspection Test
DAB-2 0,05 200 10
DAB-3 0,2 | 0,42 200 40 | 84
Table 2: Autoclaves
Legend:
No test group according to BetrSichV
Competent person
Approved body according to §37 ProdSG
After each use, the experimental autoclave must be examined by a competent person.
The special risk involved with pressure vessels has led to them being classified in the German Equipment
and Product Safety Act (ProdSG) under “systems requiring monitoring”.
Under Section 3 of the BetrSichV 2015, ‘Additional requirements for systems requiring monitoring’:
The operator is to ensure that the result of the inspection and testingare documented according to §§ 15
and 16. If the inspection and testing is done by an approved monitoring office, a certificate of inspection
for the result of the inspection is to be requested. At minimum, records and inspection certificates must give
information about:
 System ID
 Inspection and testing date
 Type of inspection and testing
 Basis of inspection and testing
 Scope of inspection and testing
 Effectiveness and functioning of the protective measures
 Result of the inspection and testing
 Date until next required inspection and testing according to§ 16 paragraph 2.

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If the pressure vessel was manufactured in accordance with the national regulations of the countries listed
below, the following inspection periods apply.
Recurring inspection
D F B I L NL GB S
In years 5* 1,5-3 1-3 1-2 5 4 2,17 3
See Table 1 and 2
Operation of pressure equipment is regulated by the European Union’s individual member states. In Germa-
ny, this is regulated by the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health, supplemented by a secondary body of
technical rules.
The operator must comply with all locally applicable operating regulations. With regard to the recurring in-
spections, operators within the European Union may choose to abide by either their national requirements or
by the German requirements. This is possible because the reactor has been manufactured in accordance with
the AD-2000 body of rules and these rules are recognized throughout the EU. Therefore, an inspection peri-
od of 5 years applies to all Berghof pressure laboratory reactors employed within the European Union.
Regarding competent persons

The technical regulations for operating safety, TRBS 1203, specify the requirements for the necessary exper-
tise needed by a person qualified under § 2, Abs. 7 BetrSichV.
Vocational training:
For the purposes of this Ordinance, a competent person means a person who has the technical knowledge
necessary for inspectioning the work equipment because of his/her vocational training, professional experi-
ence and current activity on the job.
Professional experience:
Professional experience requires that the qualified person has used the equipment to be tested and inspected
in practice for a proven length of time in a professional environment and knows the functions and operation
of it to the necessary extent. Furthermore, there were sufficient occasions to actually undertake the inspec-
tions and testing, e.g., as a result of a risk assessment and from daily observation.
Participation in inspections and testing of work equipment has led to an accumulation of experience concern-
ing the performance of the inspections or similar tests, and the necessary knowledge for handling the testing
instruments as well as evaluating the test results has been acquired.
Professional experience includes the ability to evaluate whether a recommended testing procedure is suitable
for inspecting and testing the work equipment. This also includes detecting hazards involved through the
testing activity and the work equipment to be tested.

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Recent professional activity:

Recent professional activity in the sense of § 2 Abs. 7 BetrSichV includes activity in the context of the forth-
coming inspection and testing as well as adequate training.
The execution of multiple inspections and testing per year (keeping testing skills up-to-date) belongs to re-
cent professional activity.
In the event of lengthier interruptions of the inspection and testing activity, experience in inspection and
testing should be renewed and necessary technical skills refreshed by participating in inspection and testing
done by other parties.
The competent person must have knowledge about the state of the art regarding the work equipment to be
tested and the hazards which might occur and keep this knowledge up-to-date. Familiarity with the opera-
tional safety regulations and their technical regulations and other statutory occupational safety regulations
(e.g., ArbSchG, GefStoffV) and the associated technical regulations as well as regulations with requirements
relating to the properties (e.g., ProdSG, relevant ProdSV), with provisions of the accident insurance carrier
and other regulations (e.g., standards, recognized test principles) is required so that the safe state of the work
equipment can be properly evaluated.
Additional qualifications for inspecting pressure systems that require monitoring according to Annex 2,
Sec. 4, No. 3 BetrSichV:
 Relevant technical vocational training.
 At least one year experience with manufacturing, assembling, operating or maintaining the equipment
or system components to be inspected and tested.
 Current state of knowledge about pressure hazards by participation in a training or instruction.

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1.5.2. Categories (Test group)
The pressure equipment referred to in Article 4 (1) of PED 2014/68/EU shall be classified by category
in accordance with Annex II to the increasing risk potential.
The reason for this classification lies in the energy stored in the pressure vessel. This energy can be expressed
as the pressure content product.
 Pressure content product: P x V = [bar x l]; (1 bar x l for gases, this corresponds to approx. 100 Joules)
 Charging medium (fluid): Gases store a greater amount of energy than liquids. However, liquids heat-
ed beyond their boiling point store additional energy in the form of heat.
Pressure equipment is subdivided into the following categories on the basis of this pressure content product
and the charging media (fluid):
Application of the categories of danger according to the CLP regulation

Assignment of the substance properties to fluid groups:
Fluid group 1:
 explosive substances / mixtures according to Annex I, No. 2.1.
 flammable gases according to Annex I, No. 2.2.
 oxidizing gases according to Annex I, No. 2.4.
 flammable fluids according to Annex I, No. 2.6 (category 3 fluids only if TB> TFl and TFl <55 ° C).
 pyrophoric fluids according to Annex I, No. 2.9.
 oxidizing fluids according to Annex I, No. 2.13.
 Acute toxic substances according to Annex I, No. 3.1.2 Categories 1 and 2.
Fluid group 2: all substances which do not belong to fluid group 1.
Because the pressure laboratory reactors described in this manual are intended for use in chemical
laboratories, they generally fall under Group 1 – Hazardous Fluids!

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As the following diagram illustrates, the Berghof pressure laboratory reactors with a volume smaller than
1000 ml and a max. operating pressure of 200bar cannot be assigned to any specific category. These must be
designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with Art. 4 Para. 3 (PED 2014/68/EU). Such reactors do
not require CE certification and may not carry a CE symbol.
 Conformity
Assessment
Diagram
1.5.3. TÜV/CE Mark
The minimum requirements for the conformity evaluation procedure can be deduced from this category.
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH applies the following process for this purpose:
 EC type examination test: By the TÜV as an authorized testing center
 Conformity with design: Pressure test of every reactor by the TÜV as an authorized testing center
This methodology ensures that all reactors are designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with the
directive 2014/68/EU and the AD 2000 body of rules. This is confirmed by the TÜV seal, the conformity dec-
laration and, to the extent that the reactors may be so designated, by the CE symbol.

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1.5.4. Operation
DANGER If the reaction progression is not precisely known or if unanticipated pressure

increases or exothermic reactions may occur (test autoclave), the unit must be
set up in a special reactor chamber.
 Operators Re- Based on the classification into the above-cited categories, the following obligations arise for the operator
sponsibilities § 15 Inspection prior to putting into service, § 16 Recurrent inspections:
 The recurring inspections of test autoclaves must be performed by an approved body if the product of
the maximum permissible pressure, P, and the relevant volume, V, is greater than 100 bar x liter.
 The recurring inspections must be performed at least every 5 years.
This test includes:

 Check the documentation (manufacturing documents, test book)
 Internal inspection (the determination of the actual state, the comparison of the actual state with the
desired state, and the evaluation of the deviation of the actual state from the desired state)
 Functionality
 Pressure test
Special test regulations according to BetrSichV Annex 2, Section 4, No. 6.19:

In the case of pressure vessel and connected pipelines for flammable gases and gas mixtures in liquid state,
which are applied to the walls of the vessels and pipelines
 which have corrosive effect, external tests must be carried out every two years by an approved body
 which have no corrosive effect, external tests must be carried out every two years by a competent per-
son.

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Experimental autoclaves for which the expected pressures and temperatures during experiments are not
known with certainty are to be set up in specially protected chambers or behind safety walls so that they are
protected from outside exposure and so that employees and others are safe in the event that the experimental
autoclaves fail. There are safety precautions in this pressure equipment for experimental purposes which do
not help in the event that pressure and temperature becomes excessive. Watching the safety and measure-
ment equipment and operating the experimental autoclaves must be done in a safe place.
Measures for protecting persons have been undertaken to avoid extreme heating by the heat load which
could result in failure of the pressure-loaded wall sections, equipment parts relevant for safety and/or sup-
porting components of pressure equipment or its parts.
Protective measures are, e.g.:

 Safety distance
 Safety wall
 Ground cover
 Fire protection insulation
 Fixed fire extinguishing systems
 Sprinkler systems
The recurring inspections of experimental autoclaves must be performed by an approved body if the product
of the maximum permissible pressure, P, and the relevant volume, V, is greater than 100 bar x liter.

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1.6. Operating regulations and Characteristic Requirements
1.6.1. National Regulations, Laws, Ordinance, Technical Rules
 Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health concerning the protection of safety and health in the provi-
sion of work equipment and its use at work (Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health -
Betriebssicherheitsverordnung–BetrSichV)
 Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Gefahrstoffverordnung – GefStoffV)
 Act on making products available on the market (Product Safety Act - Produktsicherheitsgesetz –
ProdSG)
 Fourteenth Ordinance on the Product Safety Act (Pressure Equipment Regulation - 14. ProdSV)
 TRBS 1201 Part 2: Tests for hazards caused by steam and pressure
 TRBS 1203: Competent persons
 TRBS 2141: Risk posed by steam and pressure - General requirements
 TRBS 2141 Part 3: Risk posed by steam and pressure upon release of media
1.6.2. International regulations
 Directive 2014/68/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the harmoni-
sation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of pressure
equipment
 Directive 2014/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of sim-
ple pressure vessels
 Corresponding national provisions
1.6.3. Applicable Documents
AD 2000 code, in particular:

 Datasheet HP 30: Execution of pressure test
 Datasheet HP 512 R: Construction regulations - Design examination, final testing and pressure testing
of piping

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1.7. Safety
Every Berghof pressure digestion system has been tested at least 1.6 times the maximum operating pressure,
with a corresponding certificate included in the delivery.
In the following situations, the unit must be disconnected from the mains power supply and be
locked out to prevent accidental use:
 If the unit evidences visible signs of damage
 If unit parts or components are found to be loose
 If the unit fails to operate
 If the unit is to be stored for extended periods of time under unfavorable conditions (e.g., outdoors, in
very moist or humid environments)
CAUTION The housing cover may only be removed by authorized trained personnel!
The instrument must be disconnected from the power outlet before being ser-
viced.
1.7.1. Safety information on the unit
Warning of dangerous electrical voltage!

This label is located on the bottom of the heating
block (DAH)

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1.8. Information on Disposal

Disposal within European Community
the EU Electrical and electronic products should not be mixed with general household waste. Berghof Products and
Instruments GmbH accept its electrical and electronic instruments from on a free of charge basis for proper
treatment, recovery and recycling from their business users. If you wish to discard electrical and electronic
products, please contact your local representative or Berghof Products and Instruments GmbH
([email protected]). They will provide further information.
Disposing of this product correctly will help to protect our environment.
 Disposal outside Countries outside the European Union

the EU This regulation is only valid in the European Union
NOTICE Products of Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH are not used in private
households.

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1.9. Warranty / Limitation of Warranty

Limited Warranty
Each product manufactured by Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH is warranted to conform to Berghof
Products + Instruments GmbH’s applicable specifications on the date on shipment. The warranty period is
twelve (12) months after the date of delivery, unless another period is specified. The warranty does not ex-
tend to damages due to improper installation, improper maintenance, abuse, accident, negligence, alteration,
misuse, ordinary wear and tear, or the like. Claims for replacement of parts caused by ordinary wear and tear
are excluded, as are claims for replacement of parts meant to be expended during the operation of the
equipment.
Remedies
Under the limited warranty, Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH repairs or replaces any products which
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH determines to be defective and covered by this limited warranty. This
is the sole and exclusive remedy. If Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH determines that repair or re-
placement fails its essential purpose, the purchaser will, at its option, be entitled to a refund of the purchase
price for the products in question or a credit therefore.
All warranty claims must be accompanied by a description of the claim, which description must be attached
to the equipment claimed to be defective. Claim descriptions must include the claimants name, address, de-
partment (if applicable) and telephone number.
The equipment should be returned in its original packaging, to the extent possible. We regret that Berghof
Products + Instruments GmbH cannot be held responsible for damage caused during shipping due to im-
proper packaging.
Limitation of warranty
Except as expressly set forth above, there are no other warranties hereunder, whether expressed or implied,
arising by operation of law or otherwise, including without limitation, the warranties of merchantability, fit-
ness for a particular purpose and any warranties arising under course of performance, course of dealing or
usage of trade.
Under no circumstances will Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH be liable for any consequential, exem-
plary, incidental, indirect or special damages, or lost profits, expenses or loses arising out of or related to the
sale or use of any of its products regardless of whether the liability resulted from any general or particular
requirement or need which Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH knew or should have known of.
1.9.1. Caveat emptor
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH does not accept any warranty for wearing parts (e.g. PTFE-Insert,
Rupture disc, Belleville spring), for the improper usage, storage and handling.

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2. Device Description
2.1. Basic Instrument

The pressure vessel consists of a cylindrical base body closed at the bottom with a movable base plate and
above with a pressure plate with rupture disc as well as a bayonet-like quick-lock device. All metal parts are
made of an alloyed CrNiMo stainless steel. Inside the pressure vessel is an exchangeable PTFE-liner with lid,
forming a dense system. This liner is manufactured of a pure and high-quality TFMTM-PTFE by means of a
special pressing process. This PTFE material impresses as it is almost non-porous, universal chemical resis-
tant and has an equal heat expansion.
Inside this system the weight-in sample and the added digestion acid come only in touch with the PTFE-
material. By the outer pressure vessel the form of the PTFE-Insert is kept even also at high pressure (max.
200 bar) and high temperature (max. 250° C). The pressure vessel is secured against too high pressure load-
ing by means of a rupture disc. This rupture disc is installed in the pressure plate and lays upon the set-point
of fracture of the PTFE -lid.
The quick-lock device system consists of a bayonet-like head piece through which is leading a hollow hexago-
nal screw, pressing by means of Belleville spring and pin upon the pressing plate and thus also upon the
PTFE lid.
For simple and safety closing and opening of the autoclave serves a mounting tool (see also chapter 2.3.1
Mounting Tools). With the aid of the torque wrench the pressure vessel is closed by means of tighten the hol-
low hexagonal screw until the adjusted locking pressure is reached.
DAB-2 DAB-3
Hexagonal screw
Bayonet quick closure
Belleville Spring
Pressureplate
with rupture disc
TM
TFM -PTFE
Insert with lid
Pressure vessel (SS)
Base plate

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2.1.1. Technical Specification
Digestion vessel
Parameter DAB-2 DAB-3
Material SS 1.4571 (SS316 TI), SS 1.4571 (SS316 TI)

TM TM
TFM -PTFE TFM -PTFE
Height 189 mm 194 mm 275 mm
Exterior dimensions Ø 54 cm 98 cm
Weight 1,31 kg 5,18 kg 7,67kg
max. temperature 250 °C (482°F) 250 °C (482°F)
max. pressure 200 bar (2900psi) 200 bar (2900psi)
Closing force 25 Nm 25 Nm
Overpressure protection Rupture disc Rupture disc
Inliner (Seal) V V L V L
Volume 25 ml 49 ml 53 ml 210 ml 420 ml
max filling volume max. 80 % of volume
max. sample weight (organic) < 800 mg < 2000 mg

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2.2. Safety Equipment

Rupture discs
All vessels are equipped with a rupture disc which produces a spontaneous pressure release upwards through
the screw-on tube connections in case of excessive vessel pressure. In some cases, such a spontaneous pres-
WARNING Rupture discs as overpressure protection!

Use only original Berghof rupture discs and protective cover sheets. These can
be obtained from your local, authorized representative or Berghof Products +
Instruments GmbH (Refer to the “Repairs / Customer Service” section for con-
tact addresses).

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2.3. Accessories
2.3.1. Mounting Tools
For simple and safety closing and opening of the autoclave serves a mounting tool. It consists of a mounting
base plate and a torque wrench with plug-in nut (hexagonal). The mounting base plate serves to fix the pres-
sure vessel by means of the two milled surfaces and the plug lifts the mobile base plate for ejection of the
PTFE -Insert.
3 4 5
No. Description
1 Socket
2 Torque wrench
3 PTFE-Paste
4 Brush
5 Spring replacement mandrel
6 Face spanner
7 Base plate for DAB-2 und DAB-3

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2.3.2. Heating Block and Hot Plate Stirrer
Thermo-insulated heater block mount made of aluminum with stainless steel safety hood.
The heater block mount is intended for use in conjunction with the BLH-800 laboratory heating plate. The
temperature can be controlled either by means of the thermal regulator integrated in the heating plate (ex-
ternal temperature regulation), or by measurement of the interior temperature in conjunction with the BTC-
3000 temperature regulator. A special connecting cable is provided to allow the BTC-3000 to control the la-
boratory heating plate.
A magnetic stirrer has also been integrated into the laboratory heating plate to permit the reactor contents to
be stirred using a conventional magnetic stirring rod.
Technical Data
Heating block
Parameter DAH-3 DAH-4
Material Aluminum with stainless steel

protective cover
Dimension B x L x H 180 x 180 x 140 mm

7,1 x 7,1 x 5,5 inch
Appropriate heating plate Ø 145 mm / 5,7 inch
Weight without digestion vessel 4, 0 kg 4,9 kg
Reception of vessel 1 x DAB-3 4 x DAB-2
Hot plate stirrer
BLH-650
See attached original manufacturer´s operating instruction

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2.3.3. Electric Heating block
Electric heating block with a heating ring and coated stainless steel safety hood as well as an integrated over-
heat protection, adjustable between 50 – 300°C. The heating block exterior is insulated and clad.
Technical Data
Heating block for DAB-2
Heating power 1000 W 2000 W
Designed for digestion vessel 6 x DAB-2 12 x DAB-2
Operating temperature 0 - 350° C (32 – 662 °F)
Overtemperature protection +50 - +320°C
Temperature sensor NiCr/Ni DIN 43710
Connection to heater to control unit 230 V / 50 Hz

via 3-pin plug connection
Heating block for DAB-3
Heating power 1000 W 2000 W
Designed for digestion vessel 2 x DAB-3 4 x DAB-3
Operating temperature 0 - 350° C (32 – 662 °F)
Over temperature protection +50 - +320°C
Temperature sensor NiCr/Ni DIN 43710
Connection to heating to control unit 230 V / 50 Hz

via 3-pin plug connection

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2.3.4. Temperature control with BTC-1000 or BTC-3000
The temperature is controlled by measurement of the interior temperature of the electric heating block in
conjunction with a BTC-1000 or BTC-3000 temperature regulator. A special connecting cable is provided to
supply power to the heating block through the BTC-1000 or BTC-3000.
(see chapter Setup and Commissioning)
BTC-1000 BTC-3000
Detailed description see manual BTC-1000 or BTC-3000.

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3. Setup and Commissioning
3.1. Standard Delivery

Because of the modular nature of the Digestec pressure digestion system, there is no generally applicable
standard delivery. Therefore, please check the shipping documentation with regard to the completeness of
your specific unit.
3.2. Transport and Storage

The Digestec pressure digestion system may only be moved once all pressure has been released. Please ob-
serve the ambient conditions described below.
3.3. Ambient Conditions

Pressure equipment must be set up in such a way that neither operators nor others are endangered. All safety
zones mandated by national ordinances in the country of use must be complied with.
The pressure laboratory reactor must be set up in such a way that:
 It is accessible and can be viewed from all sides for any required visual inspections
 The seal (nameplate) is clearly visible
 The pressure reactor and its accessories can be operated from a safe and secure position
 It is protected against mechanical influences from the outside and that damage to the unit cannot be
anticipated
 Access by unauthorized individuals is not possible
The pressure digestion system is appropriately installed in a separate room, possible to be ventilated, or un-
der an outlet. The zone above the pressure vessel is endangered during pressure wave (with particles and di-
gestion acid) is up warding. The pressure vessel should therefore be installed in such way, so as nothing can
be damaged in case of a rupture.
DANGER If the reaction progression is not precisely known or if unanticipated pressure

increases or exothermic reactions may occur (test autoclave), the unit must be
set up in a special reactor chamber.

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The setup location must meet the following requirements:
Ambient conditions
Ambient temperature +10°C (50°F) to +40°C (104°F) during operation

-40°C (-40°F) and +70°C (158°F) during shipping and storage
Max. rel. humidity 85%
Load bearing capacity please refer to the shipping documents
Electrical connection 90- 240 V; 50/ 60 Hz
3.4. Unpacking and Inspection

Open the shipping packaging and carefully remove it. Please save all packaging in order to be able to return
the unit to the manufacturer in its original packaging, should service be required.
Also remove all other components and accessories and inspect the delivery to make sure it is complete.
Inspect the system for shipping damage such as cracks, scratches, dents, etc.
The Berghof DAH heating blocks are subjected to a quality control before delivery. During the necessary
heating process, the inner metal block becomes discolored. This color change is technically unavoidable and
is not a quality defect.
WARNING Visible damage!

For safety reasons, never operate the unit if it exhibits visible signs of damage.
Contact your local, authorized representative or Berghof Products + Instru-
ments GmbH to obtain the required service (Refer to the “Repairs / Customer
Service” section for contact addresses).
NOTICE Should any components be missing or damages be detected, contact your lo-
cal, authorized representative or Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH direct-
ly (Refer to the “Repairs / Customer Service” section for contact addresses).

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3.5. Installation
WARNING Accessories use low voltage 230V!

The heating and stirring systems must always be carefully connected to a
ground conductor. This is ensured by the included power supply unit, provided
that the wall outlet employed is connected to a corresponding ground circuit. If
an extension cord must be used to connect the system to the mains power
supply, make sure it is a 3-wire cord with a ground wire.
Repairs and service may only be performed by properly trained and qualified
personnel.
Positioning
First, position the accessories, particularly the heating system, if these items were part of your delivery. In-
stall the digestion system in the heater and position the complete system on the intended work surface.
The work surface must be adequately, statically dimensioned for the weight of the pressure digestion system
(refer to the `Ambient Conditions` section).
Installation
Using the connecting cables provided, connect the accessories as illustrated. As a final step connect all devic-
es to the power supply.
Heating with heating block DAH-406, 412, 902 or 904
Power supply via connec- Overtemperature Temperature sensor

tion to BTC-1000 or BTC- protection connection to
3000 BTC-1000 /-3000
or
Heating with Hot plate stirrer BLH-650
Connection to
BTC-1000 / -3000 via
switching connector Power supply

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a) Installation with Heating block and BTC-1000
b) Installation with Heating block and BTC-3000

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c) Installation with Hotplate stirrer and BTC-1000
d) Installation with Hotplate and BTC-3000

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NOTICE Connection BLH-650

Power supply of BLH-650 must always be connected to mains. Never connect
the power supply of BLH-650 with power outlet of BTC-3000 to prevent any
damages on BLH-650. See installation version d).
NOTICE Control via BTC-3000

If T2 is not connected to a Temp. sensor, T2 must be short-
circuited with the supplied short circuiting-plug (see picture)
NOTICE Control via BDL-3000

In case that BLH-650 is controlled by BDL-3000 or BTC-3000 the temperature
switch setting of BLH-650 functions as over temperature protection. Therefore
this temperature switch should not be set to higher values than necessary to
achieve additional safety. Please select temperature settings on BLH-650
which are approx. 50°C above requested operational temperature.
Mounting tool
The mounting tools should be used for a safe opening and closing of the pressure vessel. For that purpose the
mounting base plate can be firmly screwed on a working table. (see chapter “Operation”)
The system is now ready for use

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4. Operation
4.1. Opening and Closing
4.1.1. Information Regarding Digestion
Heating the acid mixture, results in the creation of vapor pressure. The degree of this vapor pressure depends  Influence of the
greatly on the temperature. All digestion vessels have a maximum permissible pressure. If this maximum sample on the
vapor pressure
pressure is exceeded, the rupture disc in the pressure vessel activates, providing a rapid pressure release.
In addition to the vapor pressure, reaction gases (primarily carbon dioxide generated by samples containing
carbon) also produce pressure. This pressure is therefore dependent on the sample amount, the vessel vol-
ume, as well as the carbon content of the sample.
The weight-in quantity of the sample to be digested depends on the volume of the TFMTM-PTFE -Insert and
the kind of sample matrix as well as on the quantity of the digestion acid needed. Table 1 is assisting you
hereto. As a rough guide can be stated: 1 g sample and 10 ml digestion acid per 100 ml volume of the vessel,
for smaller PTFE-Insert eventually somewhat more, for larger volumes somewhat less. There can also be
more weighted-in of inorganic and wet matrices than of dry and organic sample materials. Especially when
working with samples tending to exothermal reactions with the digestion agent (plastic, fat, oil) there should
rather be too less weighted-in. For inorganic samples, which cannot totally be decomposed, an increased acid
addition can eventually be of use. Generally, the sample is weighted-in in grinded condition (large surface).
Oily substances can be attached also on filter paper.
There are no limits set to the composition of the digestion acid mixture. Generally, it is tried to achieve a
completed decomposition with pure HNO3 (65 %). In case that HNO3 is not sufficient enough (remainders in
the digestion solution), there can also be added HF to the solution of mineral shares or H2SO4 (abstraction of
water).
For digestion of inorganic samples, which must not be oxidized, HF can be used pore or together with HCl
and H2SO4. However, before using HCl04 please note that it must be dissuaded because of is danger. When
preparing organic samples it must be regarded that the oxidizing decomposition agent is available in surplus.
The selection of the digestion acid or the combination of acid mixtures should also be made in respect to the
chemistry of sample contents and the difficulty of subsequent elementary analysis methods.

The unit is not designed for the use with substances decomposing / solutions,
gas- / liquid mixtures or similar, which can form explosive mixtures and sub-
stances under operating conditions. (E.g., perchloric acid, solvent / air mixtures
in certain concentrations, etc.)
CAUTION Reaching the maximum pressure!

Please note that the reaction pressure is only reached during the course of the
reaction, in other words, several minutes after the maximum temperature has
been reached. Therefore, an activation of the rupture discs may be anticipated
even after the temperature has reached a constant level.

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CAUTION Rupture disc corrosion!

Depending on the acid being employed and the digestion parameters, the rup-
ture discs are subject to more-or-less extreme wear. Replace the discs regular-
ly to prevent the discs from rupturing prematurely.
4.1.2. Developing a new application
Digestion of new sample material, that is, of samples for which you have no previous experience, requires a
special, systematic procedure. We recommend the following process when developing such an application:
 Check the “Appendix” to determine whether the application list already contains work instructions for
the sample material in question or for a similar material then, if necessary, request a copy of the origi-
nal process instructions from your local, authorized representative or from Products + Instruments
GmbH.
 Should you not be able to find your sample material, search through the relevant technical literature
for a corresponding process instruction. You can also request assistance from your local, authorized
representative or from:
Products + Instruments GmbH.
 For safety reasons, initially reduce the specified sample amount by 30-50 %, while still using the speci-
fied acid quantity and digesting with the defined temperature program.
 Optimize the acid mixture and the temperature profile until you obtain a clear solution.
In the final step you can gradually increase the sample amount until the higher pressure causes the rupture
disc to activate. The maximum sample quantity to be used should be approx. 30 % of this amount.

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4.2. Feeding Digestion Vessel

Use only digestion vessels and spare parts authorized by Products + Instru-
ments GmbH for use with the Digestec. These can be obtained either from
your local representative or directly from Products + Instruments GmbH (Refer
to the “Repairs / Customer Service” section for contact addresses).
sure vessels!
Stainless steel is not resistant against aqua-regia. Due to diffusion of the acid
through the PTFE-Inserts the lifetime of the vessels will be reduced dramati-
cally using aqua regia in the vessels DAB-2 or DAB-3.
force.
vessels should be immediately returned to Products + Instruments GmbH for
inspection.
from both yourself and other individuals!!
The bayonet closure can only be securely locked after a 90° turn to the stop.
Improperly locked bayonet closures can become unfastened during use and
especially while opening.

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4.2.1. Removal of the PTFE-Insert
For feeding purpose the PTFE-Insert is taken out of

the pressure vessel by means of putting the opened
vessel on the pin of the mounting base plate.
This pin is pressing the inlet up warding by means

of the movable base plate.

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4.2.2. Sample and acid addition
Weigh the sample material into the vessels, and then add the acid.
CAUTION The maximum sample quantity depends on the vessels employed and must be
strictly observed (refer to the “Technical Specifications” section).
CAUTION Minimum fill amount!

Depending on the pressure vessel, at least approx. 5ml of liquid should be em-
ployed.

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4.2.3. Closing the pressure vessel
After the PTFE-Insert has been fed with sample

material and digestion acid, the PTFE-Insert is in-
serted together with the lid into the pressure vessel.
An aluminium foil is put on the lid in order to pro-

tect the thin rupture disc against aggressive acid
fumes.
The Rupture disc holder is now inserted into the

pressure vessel.
Bayonet quick closure is inserted and sealed in the

pressure vessel next.

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Turn the Bayonet quick closure clockwise, so that

the arrow on the closure shows to the arrow on the
top of the pressure vessel.
In case that the quick lock device cannot be revolved
and locked between the pins, the hexagonal screw
must be turned somewhat back (counter-clockwise)
so that the pin is lifted
By screwing-in the hexagonal screw, the pressure

25 Nm
plate is pressed on the PTFE-Lid.
By means of the torque wrench the hexagonal screw

is tightened until the adjusted locking force of
25Nm is reached. This is indicated by a clearly-
audible crack of the torque wrench.
The pressure vessel prepared as described can now

be preferably heated in a heating block.
The thread of the quick closure must be regularly

greased with PTFE paste.
(see chapter Maintenance)

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4.3. Performing a Pressure Digestion

The unit is not designed for the use with substances decomposing exothermi-
cally or forming explosive vapors upon heating (e.g. perchloric acid., Alcohols,
Ether etc.).
Highly reactive substances which spontaneously react at higher temperatures
or in the presence of oxidizing agents or which may be nitrated and are poten-
tially explosive may not be digested. Examples of such substances include:
explosives (TNT, etc.), Perchlorates, ether, pyrophoric substances, etc.
Heating of the vessels may be done in heating blocks only. Never heat the
pressure vessels in a drying oven; the pressure wave resulting from the erup-
tion of the rupture disc may lead to damage of the oven.
WARNING Always wear eye protection and protective gloves!

Always wear your personal protective equipment during work which may in-
volve contact with chemicals, that is, when working with acids, pressure ves-
sels, during cleaning, etc.!
WARNING Heaters!
The Digestec pressure digestion system may only be used in conjunction with
the specified heating systems.
Heating of the vessels may be done in Berghof heating blocks only. Never heat
the pressure vessels in a drying oven; the pressure wave resulting from the
eruption of the rupture disc may lead to damage of the oven.
Never allow liquids, particularly toxic compounds, to spill on hot parts.
CAUTION Emissions!
Pressure digestions should be executed in a separate room or under an outlet.
In case of a rupture disc break there should be nothing in the danger zone
above the vessel.
Should the over-pressure protection (e.g., rupture disc) activate, gases which
may be hazardous to individuals will be suddenly released into the atmos-
phere. Always make sure the opening of the over-pressure protection is never
directed towards individuals.

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4.3.1. Heating
According to the digestion difficulty, the temperature is adjusted from 140 – 190°C, or in utmost cases up to  Temperature
250°C. Generally, the higher the temperature is adjusted, the quicker and more completed will be the sample determination
decomposition, due to higher reacting kinetics and decomposition processes. However, it must be considered
that due to high temperature the TFMTM-PTFE -Insert is subjected to higher abrasion and the danger of
overpressure is increased due to spontaneous reactions. For these reasons the temperature should be ad-
justed only as high as necessary, which can be ascertained by advantageous for certain samples (grass, leaves,
plastic) to raise temperature slowly up to the final temperature. It must be considered that the internal active
temperature is retarded during heating through the thick steel mantle and low heat conductivity of PTFE-
material.
On the other side, the internal temperature can be for short higher than the external temperature due to exo-
thermal reactions of the digestion mixture.
Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the TFM-material there is a certain delay between the heating of the
sample and the heating of the heating block. For a final temperature of 200° C, a 30 minute delay is to be ex-
pected. In addition, there is always a small temperature difference between the measured temperature of the
heating block and the interior temperature of the digestion vessel (to achieve an interior temperature of 200
°C, the heating block should be set at 210 °C), since the pressure vessel is not fully immersed in the heating
block.
Generally when heating the pressure vessel in the aluminium heating block the adjusted set value at the tem-
perature controller is reached after 1 hour to 88 % after 2 hours to 93 % and after 3 hours to 95 %. Simple
matrices (food, corn, minerals) are usually digested after 1,5 – 2 hours and more difficult matrices (meat,
dried milk, ceramics) after 2-4 hours. Complicated matrices (synthetic materials and coal) can take in certain
cases up to 8 hours until being completely decomposed. Therefore it is advisable the digestion to be made
over night. In special cases the optimum digestion parameters (weight-in, digestion acid, temperature and
duration) have to be found out for the respective matrix-problem. Generally valid statements cannot be
made, because no mineral, coal and no-biological web are similar to each other. Therefore it cannot be reck-
oned with the same digestion relations.
4.3.2. Cooling
After switching-off the heater the pressure vessel shall cool-down inside of the used heating system.
WARNING General operating instructions!

Cooling of the pressure vessel must take place exclusively in the heating block.
Transport of the hot, pressurized vessel is not permitted for safety reasons.
Even after complete cooling a certain residual pressure remains after digestion
of organic samples, which means that even completely cooled down vessels
need to be handled with caution. Especially the catch opening must never be
directed towards any person as long as a vessel may still be under pressure.
Wait until the pressure vessel has cooled to room temperature.

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4.4. Opening
Use only digestion vessels and spare parts authorized by Berghof Products +
Instruments GmbH for use with the Digestec .These can be obtained either
from your local representative or directly from Berghof Products + Instruments
GmbH (Refer to the “Repairs / Customer Service” section for contact address-
es).
sure vessels!
When using hydrofluoric acid especially appropriate safety equipment should
be worn.
Stainless steel is not resistant against aqua-regia. Due to diffusion of the acid
through the PTFE-Insert the lifetime of the vessels will be reduced dramatically
using aqua regia in the vessels DAB-2 or DAB-3.
force.
vessels should be immediately returned to Berghof Products + Instruments
GmbH for inspection.
The bayonet can only be securely locked after a 90° turn to the stop. Improper-
ly locked bayonets can become unfastened during use and especially while
opening.

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4.4.1. Venting and Opening
Wait until the pressure vessel has cooled to room

Gas
temperature.
To open the pressure vessel, use torque-wrench. Fix
pressure vessels securely to the mounting plate. Ap-
ply torque-wrench and slowly turn in a counter-
clockwise direction. As soon as gases start to escape,
stop, or even briefly re-close.
4.4.2. Sample transfer
Carefully open the pressure vessel. Remove PTFE-Insert and transfer solution into a flask. Rinse the insert
with bidest. water.

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5. Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Service
All required inspection, maintenance, and repair work must be performed in compliance with the local ordi-
nances.
No damaged components such as stripped, cracked, or broken screws, bent or broken nuts, bent clips or
straps, damaged seals, etc. may be reused and must be replaced.
Any repair work which might compromise the safety of the pressure vessel such as welding, hot or cold form-
ing that alter the reactor material properties may only be carried out in compliance with local ordinances.
5.1. Cleaning

force.
WARNING Always wear personal protective equipment!


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In order to ensure the long-term, faultless operation of the digestion system and its accessories, various
maintenance and inspection tasks should be performed at regular intervals.
NOTICE Despite the fact that all the pressure vessel components are manufactured
from high-grade stainless steel and the vessel and lid may be lined with PTFE,
indications or wear and corrosion resulting from aggressive reaction materials
and their vapors cannot be ruled out.
PTFE-Insert
Major contaminations, which may occur during incomplete digestions, can be removed initially using a brush
and water. Afterwards rinse the vessels at least with bi-distilled water. A significantly improved cleaning ef-
fect is achieved by steaming with nitric acid in a special steaming device.
The exterior of the PTFE vessel insert should also be carefully cleaned because, for example, the chloride con-
tent of oils and sweat from user’s hands promote corrosion on stainless steel (1.4571). The pressure vessel
and fittings should also be rinsed off from time-to-time. After rinsing, make sure all components are com-
pletely dry before reinstalling them. In particular, there must be no moisture between the PTFE vessel insert
and the pressure vessel in order to prevent the formation of gas blankets during subsequent operation.
The PTFE -Insert can be cleaned in hot acid by means of boiling or blank digestion. By blank digestion in
HNO3 or HCl, PTFE is additionally preconditioned for subsequent usage in trace analysis. Thereby it is ob-
tained that interactions of PTFE-material with the digestion sample (adsorption and desorption) are avoided
to a large extent. A yellow colouring of the PTFE-material after usage with HNO3 follows as a consequence of
nitrous fumes (diffusing) and is unobjectionable.
By heating the PTFE Inserts in an oven for 3-4 hours at 200-220 ° C (390 ° F 430) can be decolorized the in-
serts again. (see also "Tips and Tricks"). Likewise for technical reason is the some-shaped deformation in the
middle of the PTFE-lid (rated break point), which is due to the form of the rupture disc in which the PTFE-lid
is pressed in when being under pressure.
Stainless steel vessel

Although the pressure vessel is made of a high quality stainless steel it is not possible to avoid discolouring
and in utmost cases corrosion (after digestions with HNO3/HCI and HF). The fumes of digestion acid are dif-
fusing under high pressure and temperature into the PTFE and are also given off externally to a certain de-
gree, coming into contact with the hot stainless steel. According to the strain it is therefore very important to
clean the stainless steel vessel with a scouring agent or to treat it with concentrated H3PO4 2 to 3 hours.
Hexagonal screw in bayonet closure

The thread of the hollow hexagonal screw must be equipped with a high-temperature PTFE paste so at the
high digestion temperatures and mechanical stress no seizure of the thread (cold welding, thread galling) oc-
curs.
See also chapter “maintenance and inspection”
Sealing surface
In order to ensure a proper sealing, the seal surfaces in the locking area must be kept clean and smooth.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.2. Maintenance and Inspection
WARNING Use only specified spare parts!

Only rupture discs with a bursting pressure equal to or less than the high-
pressure laboratory reactor’s maximum operating pressure may be installed in
the holder.
Only OEM rupture discs specified by Products + Instruments GmbH for your
specific reactor may be used. These can be obtained from your local repre-
sentative or directly from Products + Instruments GmbH (refer to the “Repair /
Customer Service’ section for the contact address).
The digestion vessels are to be regularly serviced by competent personnel in order to ensure that it remains
hermetically sealed in the long-term under the intended operating conditions and anticipated mechanical,
chemical, and thermal loads. Based on the operating instructions and experience, the operator should note
the required maintenance and inspection measures in the operating instructions themselves.
In particular, monitoring and ensuring the following are an essential part of the required inspection
and maintenance tasks:
 Pressure tightness
 Ambient conditions and safety zones
 Identification and other labels
 Proper operation of all safety and alarm equipment
 Wall thickness where the unit is subject to corrosion
After repeated usage:

 Aluminium-protection foil to be replaced and high-temperature lubricant to be sprayed on locking
screw!
 Clean pressure vessel with concentrated phosphoric acid in case of corrosion! (see chapter “Cleaning”)
 Rupture discs and Belleville spring to be replaced after 1- 2 years of usage or in case of corrosion!
The disk may fatigue after several very high pressure loads and thereby alter its response pressure
value.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.2.1. Apply PTFE-paste
As far as possible remove the hexagonal screw and Hexagonal screw

apply PTFE-paste on the thread by means of a small
brush. Thread
The screw must be tightened and loosened by hand
smoothly and easily. Sealing lid
NOTICE Cold welding

To avoid cod welding, the thread of the hexagon screw must be provided with
sufficient thread lubricant.
5.2.2. Rupture disc replacement
After longer application (1-2 years) or when

corrosion appears, the rupture disc should be Rupture disc nut
replaced. For that purpose the rupture disc holder is
opened with a face spanner. For this purpose the Spacing ring
rupture disc holder is vertically clamped in a vice.
The thread of the pressure disc holder and the Rupture disc
pressure disc nut must be provided with the PTFE-
paste. Rupture disc holder
Reassemble in reverse order, the curvature of the

rupture disc must face upwards.
Face spanner
Tighten the rupture disc nut with the face spanner
only hand tight.
Belleville springs replacement

The belleville springs should also be replaced after
longer usage, as they loose, particularly on high
temperature loadings, their elastic force or get
useless due to tension cracks. For replacement of
the belleville springs the quick-lock closure is Spring replacement
vertically clamped in a vise. With the thin side of mandrel
the spring replacement mandrel the spring guide (thin side facing down)
sleeve of the quick-lock device is loosened through
the hollow hexagonal screw, by means of a hammer.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
The new belleville springs must be rearanged on the Belleville spring

(arched upwards)
spring guide sleeve alternately downwords and
upwards.
(6 pieces for DAB-2 and 5 pieces for DAB-3) Belleville spring
(arched downwards)
Spring guide sleeve
The spring guide sleeve is reinserted along with the

disc springs into the hexagonal hollow screw and
placed on a hard base plate. By means of a hammer
with the thick side of the spring replacement
mandrel the beading is then restored.
Spring replacement
mandrel
(thick side facing down)
5.3. Recurring Inspection

See chapter 1.5 Legal Requirements
5.4. Inspection
After each use, a visual inspection of the reactor’s exterior and interior must be performed. No damaged
components such as stripped, cracked, or broken screws, bent or broken nuts, bent clips or straps, damaged
seals, etc. may be reused and must be replaced.
If due its purpose, the reactor in question falls under the category “test autoclave”, after each use the exper-
imental autoclave must be examined by a competent person.
See chapter 1.5 Legal Requirements

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.5. Repairs / Customer Service

You can obtain technical support from your regional Berghof representative or directly from Berghof Prod-
ucts +
Instruments GmbH by contacting:
 Berghof Service Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH

Harretstr. 1
72800 Eningen
Germany
T +49.7121.894-171
F +49.7121.894-300
Please provide your unit’s serial number with all repair questions or repair orders. The serial number is lo-
cated on the nameplate.
5.5.1. Reshipment
NOTICE Cleaning and decontamination methods

Before using any cleaning or decontamination methods except those specified
by Berghof Products + Instruments, users should check with Berghof Products
+ Instruments or your regional Berghof representative that the proposed meth-
od will not damage the equipment.
 Safety and Health Customers wishing to return instrumentation and/or associated materials to Berghof Products + Instru-
Declaration ments GmbH or regional representative for repair, maintenance, warranty, inspection or trade-in purposes
are advised that all returned goods must be certified as clean and free from contamination.
The customer´s responsible body is required to fill in and sign the form “Safety and Health Declaration” and
to display this declaration on the exterior of the shipping container.
This document is available at:
Berghof Service (see contact data above)
Outside the Federal Republic of Germany goods may only be returned to us via our authorized representa-
tive. Before returning the goods, please contact our service department.
5.5.2. Safety and Health Declaration
Return shipments of instruments and equipment not having decontamination certificates display on the ex-
terior of the shipping container will not be processed and will remain unopened, in a sealed condition, until a
determination of decontamination is received.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.6. Tips and Tricks
5.6.1. PTFE Insert
PTFE –Insert regeneration

PTFE inserts deform after repeated use of pressure and temperature stress. However, it can be returned in
the original shape by heating them in an oven for 3-4 hours at 300-320 ° C (572- 608°F).
Distaining the PTFE -Insert

By heating the PTFE inserts in an oven at 200-220 ° C (390 ° F 430) for 3-4 hours, the inserts can be decol-
orized again.
Protection of PTFE -Insert

To protect the pressure vessel from corrosion, the
PTFE-Insert can be wrapped with an aluminium
foil.
Fix the remaining foil on the bottom of the vessel

and press firmly.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.7. Troubleshooting
Fault Possible cause Corrective action
Pressure loss Deformed PTFE insert or lid Replace damaged parts.

Regenerate the PTFE insert
(refer to the ´Maintenance´ sec-
tion)
Closure force too low Use correct torque with torque

wrench
Rupture disc triggers at low Corroded rupture disc Replace rupture disc
pressure
Screws cannot be removed To high residual pressure in the Release pressure

pressure vessel
Used too little PTFE-Paste Contact service
You can obtain technical support from your regional Berghof representative or directly from Berghof Prod-
ucts +
Instruments GmbH by contacting:
Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH

Harretstr. 1
72800 Eningen / Germany
Tel: +49/(0)7121/894-171
Fax: +49/(0)7121/894-300
Please provide your unit’s serial number with all repair questions or repair orders. The serial number is lo-
cated on the nameplate.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
5.8. Stamping / Nameplate
5.8.1. Stamp marking on the pressure vessel
Manufacturer symbol
ERGHOF
Serial number 1234

Year of manufacture 20XY
Permitted operated pressure max.200 bar
Permitted operated temperature max.250 °C
Volume 50 ml / 250 ml
Test pressure 330 bar
5.8.2. Name plate
Electrical Heating Block (DAH)
Manufacturer and adress Modell-Typ

Supply voltage
Part number
Berghof Serial number
design drawing number
WEEE Registration
CE-Designation
QR Barcode Manufacturing date
The name plates of the heating blocks (DAH) are located on the bottom of the devices.
Rupture disc
This nameplate is attached on the rupture disc holder.

53-0020-93-01-04-001
Blank page

53-0020-93-01-04-001
6. Appendix
6.1. Conversion Table

Conversation of units
Dimension Unit Conversation
Temperature °C = (°F – 32°) / 1.8

°F = 1.8 * °C +32°
Length 1 cm = 0.3937 inch

1 inch = 2.540 cm
3 -4
Volume 1 ml = 0.06102 inch = 2.642*10 gallon
3 -4
1 inch = 16.387 ml = 43.29*10 gallon
1 gallon = 3785 ml = 231 inch
3
Pressure 1 bar = 14.504 psi = 0.1 Mpa

1 psi = 0.06895 bar = 0.0068948 Mpa
1 Mpa = 10 bar = 145.04 psi
Weight 1 kg = 2.2046 lb.

1 lb. = 0.4536 kg
6.2. Abbreviation
Plastics
Abbreviation Technical term
PE Polyethylene
PFA Perfluoralkoxy
PP Polypropylene
PTFE Polytetrafluorethylene
TM
TFM -PTFE Modified Polytetrafluorethylene
Kalrez® (FFKM) DuPont™ Perfluoroelastomer
Viton® (FPM) DuPont™ Fluoroelastomer
Metals
Abbreviation Technical term
SS Stainless steel with the corresponding material number
HC-4 Hastelloy C4

53-0020-93-01-04-001
6.3. Application
Application | DAB System
Sample Digestion Weight Vessel Acid Temp. Time File

system
Environment | Geology
Columbite DAB 100 mg DAB-2 H2SO4:HF 280°C 570 min DAB-Columbite
Effluents | Mercury DAB 40 mL DAB-2 HNO3 120°C 60 min – 90 min DAB-Effluents-Hg
Effluents | DAB 40 mL DAB-3 H2SO4:K2S2O8 120°C 120 min DAB-Effluents-P

Phosphorus
Galvanic ash DAB 250 mg DAB-2 HNO3:H2SO4:HF 250°C 960 min DAB-Galvanic-Ash
Resin DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 220°C 360 min DAB-Resin
Rock DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HCl:HF 220°C 120 min DAB-Rock
Food | Pharma | Cosmetic
Buckwheat DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 240 min DAB-Buckwheat
Cereals DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 170°C 120 min DAB-Cereal
Fat DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 180 min DAB-Fat
Flour DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 180 min DAB-Flour
Flour DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 180°C 120 min DAB-Flour_A
Grass DAB 1000 mg – 2000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 180 min DAB-Grass

53-0020-93-01-04-001
Leaves DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 170°C 120 min DAB-Leaves
Line Seed DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Line-Seed
Liver DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 180°C 180 min DAB-Liver
Multi vitamin tablet DAB 300 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2:H2O 220°C 10 h DAB-Multi-Vitamin
Multi vitamin tablet DAB 300 mg – 1500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2:H2O 220°C 10 h DAB-Multi-Vitamin_A
Oil DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Oil
Poppy DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 120 min DAB-Poppy
Pumpkin seed DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 240 min DAB-Pumpkin
Sesame DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Sesame
Starch DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 160°C 120 min DAB-Starch
Sugar DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 120 min DAB-Sugar
Sunflower seed DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Sunflower-Seed
Tissue DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 180°C 120 min DAB-Tissue
Tobacco DAB 1000 mg – 2000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Tobacco
Tomato leaves DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 240 min DAB-Tomato-Leaves
Tomato leaves DAB 1000 mg – 2000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Tomato-
Leaves_A
Vegetables DAB 1000 mg – 2000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 200°C 240 min DAB-Vegetables

53-0020-93-01-04-001
Technology
Alumina DAB 200 mg DAB-3 HCl:H2O 260°C 720 min DAB-Alumina
Ceramics DAB 400 mg DAB-3 HCl:HF 230°C >120 min DAB-Ceramics
CeZr DAB 100 mg DAB-2 H2SO4:HNO3:HCl 280°C 520 min DAB-CeZr
Coal DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HCl 220°C 360 min DAB-Coal
Cu-alloy DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNo3:HF 220°C 120 min DAB-Copper-Alloy
Graphite DAB 500 mg DAB-2 HNO3:H2SO4 250°C 48 h – 72 h DAB-Graphite
Lubricant oil DAB 1500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HCl 200°C 240 min DAB-Lubricant-Oil
Methanolysis of PET DAB 50 mg - 250 mg DAB-2 Me-OH Zn-acetate solut. 200°C 18 h DAB-Methanolysis
Oil DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 180°C 480 min DAB-Oil
Paint DAB 800 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 180 min DAB-Paint
Paper DAB 1000 mg DAB-3 HNO3 150°C 120 min DAB-Paper
PE DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 180 min DAB-PE
Platinum group DAB 100 mg DAB-2 HNO3:HCl 280°C 520 min DAB-PGM
elements
Pigment gel DAB 200 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 180 min DAB-Pigment-Gel
Plastic DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 180 min DAB-Plastic
Plastic DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HCl 200°C 180 min DAB-Plastic_A

53-0020-93-01-04-001
Plastic DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2SO4 200°C 180 min DAB-Plastic_B
Porcelainite DAB 200 mg DAB-2 H3PO4:HF 270°C 450 min DAB-Porcelainite
PP DAB 200 mg DAB-2 HNO3 250°C 180 min DAB-PP
Quartz DAB 500 mg DAB-2 HNO3:HF 250°C 180 min DAB-Quartz-Sand
SiC DAB 250 mg DAB-2 HNO3:HF:H2SO4 250°C 12 h – 72 h DAB-SiC
Silicon oil DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HF 180°C 8h DAB-Silicon-Oil
SiN DAB 250 mg DAB-2 HNO3:HF:H2SO4 250°C 12 h DAB-SiN
Steel DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HCl 200°C 120 min DAB-Steel
Talcum DAB 50 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HF 200°C 10 h DAB-Talcum
Textiles DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:H2O2 200°C 180 min DAB-Textiles
Textiles DAB 500 mg DAB-3 HNO3:HCl 200°C 180 min DAB-Textiles-A
Wax DAB 1500 mg DAB-3 HNO3 240°C 180 min DAB-Wax
Weld dust DAB 1 filter DAB-3 HNO3:HF 200°C 240 min DAB-Weld-Dust

53-0020-93-01-04-001

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USER MANUAL | VERSION 3.

Documentation no.: 53-0020-93-01-04-001

You can reach us at:

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 3

2. DEVICE DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................... 25

3. SETUP AND COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................................ 33

4 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

5. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE ................................................................. 51

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 5

6 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

1.1. Danger Categories and Signal Words

1.2. Qualified Users

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 7

1.3. Proper Use

DANGER Explosion hazard!

WARNING Observe all operating instructions!

WARNING Observe all operating instructions!

8 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

The pressure laboratory reactor may only be used:

1.4. General Safety Information

DANGER Explosion hazard !

DANGER Improper use!

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 9

DANGER Pressure vessels!

10 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

WARNING Max. operating temperature and operating pressure!

WARNING Accessories use low voltage 230V!

WARNING Only use approved supply cords!

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 11

1.5. Legal Requirements

1.5.1. Recurring inspection, Responsibility for technical inspection,

The following applies to pressure vessels:

Table 1: Pressure vessels

12 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

The following applies to experimental autoclaves:

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 13

In years 5* 1,5-3 1-3 1-2 5 4 2,17 3

See Table 1 and 2

Regarding competent persons

14 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

Recent professional activity:

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 15

1.5.2. Categories (Test group)

Application of the categories of danger according to the CLP regulation

Fluid group 2: all substances which do not belong to fluid group 1.

16 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

1.5.3. TÜV/CE Mark

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 17

DANGER If the reaction progression is not precisely known or if unanticipated pressure

This test includes:

Special test regulations according to BetrSichV Annex 2, Section 4, No. 6.19:

18 Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com

Protective measures are, e.g.:

Berghof Products + Instruments GmbH | Harretstrasse 1 | 72800 Eningen | www.berghof-instruments.com 19

1.6. Operating regulations and Characteristic Requirements

1.6.1. National Regulations, Laws, Ordinance, Technical Rules

1.6.2. International regulations

1.6.3. Applicable Documents

AD 2000 code, in particular: