Science Project - Homemade Hydraulic Generator

COMMERCIAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION N° 45
“EDUARDO ROMERO PADILLA”
PROJECT
“BUILDING AN ELECTRICAL GENERATOR BASED ON HYDRAULIC

ENERGY TO MINIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION”
COURSE:
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
TEACHER:
Segundino Ylaquita Galindo
STUDENT:
Diana Apaza Gonzales
GRADE AND SECTION:
4th “C”
PUNO – PERU
2022
GENERAL INDEX
1. QUALIFICATION.............................................................................................................3
2. THE PROBLEM................................................................................................................3
3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK...................................................................................3
3.1. Polluting energy...........................................................................................................3
3.2. Clean energies..............................................................................................................4
3.3. hydraulic energy..........................................................................................................4
3.4. Homemade hydraulic generator................................................................................6
4. HYPOTHESIS....................................................................................................................6
5. EXPERIMENTATION......................................................................................................6
5.1. Necessary materials.....................................................................................................7
5.2. Procedure.....................................................................................................................7
6. RESULTS............................................................................................................................8
7. CONCLUSIONS.................................................................................................................8
8. ANNEXES...........................................................................................................................9
2
1. QUALIFICATION
“BUILDING AN ELECTRICAL GENERATOR BASED ON HYDRAULIC ENERGY
TO MINIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION”
2. THE PROBLEM
How does generating electrical energy through hydraulic energy influence to minimize
environmental pollution with carbon dioxide?
3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
3.1. Polluting energy
They are energies produced by the use of oil, coal, gas, among others to produce
electricity and that pollute the environment.
Some fuel energies that pollute.
Petroleum: It is the natural flammable and oleaginous liquid that is black in color and
has a characteristic odor that is lighter than water. When combustion occurs with it, it
releases some toxic polluting gases and CO2. It is a non-renewable energy.
Coal: Black solid fuel of vegetable origin, which contains a significant proportion of
carbon. It is polluting. It is subdivided into charcoal and mineral charcoal. It is a non-
renewable energy.
Chlorofluorocarbon gases: Group of compounds that make up some aerosols. Its
accumulation in the upper atmosphere contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer.
3
3.2. Clean energies
The majority of clean energies are renewable, obtained from inexhaustible natural
sources, such as solar energy (from the sun), air (wind), waterfalls (electricity), etc.,
characterized by not increasing the greenhouse effect or producing toxic or radioactive
waste. :
Wind: It is the energy that is obtained through the air through a type of device with
blades that rotate on their axis.
Waterfalls (hydraulic energy): It is the energy obtained in water reservoirs by the mere
fact of harnessing the kinetic energy of water through turbines.
Solar: Energy obtained through panels that collect solar energy (light and heat) and send
it to a receiver that converts it into electrical energy.
3.3. hydraulic energy
Hydraulic energy is called energy that is obtained from the use of the kinetic and
potential energies of the water current, waterfalls or tides.
It can be transformed to very different scales. For centuries, there have been small farms
in which the current of a river, with a small dam, moves a paddle wheel and generates a
movement applied, for example, in rural mills. However, the most significant use is
constituted by dam hydroelectric plants.
It is generally considered a type of renewable energy since it does not emit polluting
products. However, it produces a great environmental impact due to the construction of
4
dams, which flood large areas of land and modify the flow of the river and the quality of
the water.
Importance of the use of hydraulic energy
Hydraulic energy is free to use, it is obtained mechanically and therefore it is directly
usable. Its transformation into electricity is carried out with excellent performance,
much higher than that of devices that use fuel.
Social significance implies that hydropower as clean energy is the main reason to justify
its positive social impact, followed by its potential to create wealth and employment. It is
one of the cheapest sources, it can compete in profitability with other traditional energy
sources such as coal-fired thermal power plants and those that use oil.
Minimal environmental pollution, zero monoxides and dioxides, that is, it does not
contribute to the deterioration of the ozone layer. It is a renewable energy. It is available
for millions of years, since its source is water, this being the engine in the production of
clean energy.
3.4. Homemade hydraulic generator
The homemade hydraulic generator refers to a system that generates electrical energy,
from the movement of water that passes through a single channel through the spoons;
that will receive the fall of water, turning the wooden wheel, which in turn will rotate a
gear adapted to the 12volt motor, in order to light 4 LEDs and obtain electrical energy.
5
4. HYPOTHESIS
It is feasible to build an electric power generator based on the use of hydraulic energy
harnessed from falling water to light 4 LEDs. This as a prototype for larger projects.
The use of hydraulic energy to produce electrical energy influences minimizing
environmental pollution with carbon dioxide in the Rural Area of Tacna in 2016.
5. EXPERIMENTATION
The project consists of building a hydraulic generator based on household and
commonly used elements, which works through the generation of energy from a dynamo
that rotates due to the movement produced by the fall of water on the blades made with
spoons.
The realization of this project is within the contents of the area of Environmental
Sciences.
5.1. Necessary materials
 little motor
 spoons
 1 container (jug)
 1 small metal tube
 League
 1 tecnoport ball
 1 wooden base (to hold it)
6
5.2. Procedure
1st step:
To start the project you need the previous materials, once these materials are obtained,
we will start making the blades, where the tecnoport ball and the spoons are used, as a
first indication, the spoons are glued to the tecnoport, for easier placement. four spoons
first in the shape of the cardinal points on the wheel, glue them well, then cross the metal
tube in the middle.
2nd step:
Subsequently, the next phase is carried out, which consists of installing the propellers
inside the bucket.
3rd step:
Place the little motor on the plywood base, holding it tightly, but being careful that its
axis coincides with the axis of the metal tube so that it rotates pulled by a band (garter).
4th step:
Join the tube with the dynamo.
5th step:
Collect all the ready-made elements and join them so that the fall of water makes the
propeller move and this generates the movement of the motor that generates electricity.
7
6. RESULTS
The result of the project is satisfactory as it demonstrates that the energy from falling
water can be used to produce electrical energy using hydraulic energy.
7. CONCLUSIONS
The project achieved its objective of building a hydraulic generator based on household
and commonly used elements, which works through the generation of energy from a
small motor that rotates due to the movement produced by the fall of water on the blades
made with spoons. .
The completion of this project was satisfactory.
8
8. ANNEXES

Science Project - Homemade Hydraulic Generator

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COMMERCIAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION N° 45

“EDUARDO ROMERO PADILLA”

“BUILDING AN ELECTRICAL GENERATOR BASED ON HYDRAULIC

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Segundino Ylaquita Galindo

Diana Apaza Gonzales

GRADE AND SECTION:

3.1. Polluting energy...........................................................................................................3

3.2. Clean energies..............................................................................................................4

3.3. hydraulic energy..........................................................................................................4

3.4. Homemade hydraulic generator................................................................................6

5.1. Necessary materials.....................................................................................................7

“BUILDING AN ELECTRICAL GENERATOR BASED ON HYDRAULIC ENERGY

TO MINIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION”

environmental pollution with carbon dioxide?

3.1. Polluting energy

electricity and that pollute the environment.

Some fuel energies that pollute.

releases some toxic polluting gases and CO2. It is a non-renewable energy.

carbon. It is polluting. It is subdivided into charcoal and mineral charcoal. It is a non-

Chlorofluorocarbon gases: Group of compounds that make up some aerosols. Its

characterized by not increasing the greenhouse effect or producing toxic or radioactive

blades that rotate on their axis.

fact of harnessing the kinetic energy of water through turbines.

it to a receiver that converts it into electrical energy.

3.3. hydraulic energy

potential energies of the water current, waterfalls or tides.

constituted by dam hydroelectric plants.

products. However, it produces a great environmental impact due to the construction of

Importance of the use of hydraulic energy

Hydraulic energy is free to use, it is obtained mechanically and therefore it is directly

much higher than that of devices that use fuel.

contribute to the deterioration of the ozone layer. It is a renewable energy. It is available

3.4. Homemade hydraulic generator

The use of hydraulic energy to produce electrical energy influences minimizing

The project consists of building a hydraulic generator based on household and

5.1. Necessary materials

 1 small metal tube

 1 wooden base (to hold it)

tube in the middle.

inside the bucket.

Join the tube with the dynamo.

water can be used to produce electrical energy using hydraulic energy.

made with spoons. .

The completion of this project was satisfactory.

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