Review Innovations CE Review November 2024 – Trigonometry 1

RIGHT TRIANGLE FORMULAS: Sum of Two Angles:

sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
cos (A + B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B
tan A + tan B
tan (A + B) =
1−tan A tan B
Difference of Two Angles:
sin (A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B
cos (A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
tan A − tan B
tan (A - B) =
1 + tan A tan B
a c
sin A = csc A = Double Angle:
c a
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

b c
cos 2A = cos2A – sin2A
cos A = sec A = 2tan A
c b
tan 2A =
1−tan2 A

a b
Half-Angle:
tan A = cot A = A 1 − cos A A 1 + cos A
b a
sin = ±√ cos = ±√
2 2 2 2
Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2 A 1−cos A
tan = ±√
2 1+cos A

OBLIQUE TRIANGLES FORMULAS: Squares:

1−cos 2A 1 + cos 2A
sin2A = cos2 A =
2 2

1−cos 2A
tan2 A =
1 + cos 2A

AREA OF TRIANGLE:

a) Given the base and altitude

A = ½ bh
Sine Law:
a b c b) Given two sides and included angle
sin A
= sin B = sin C
A = ½ ab sin C = ½ bc sin A = ½ ac sin B
Cosine Law:
a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A c) Given three sides (Heron’s Formula)
b2 = a2 + c2 – 2ac cos B
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C a+b+c
A = √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) s=
2

FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONS: d) Given three angles and one side

a2 sin B sin C b2 sin A sin C c2 sin A sin B

Reciprocal Relations: A= A= A=
2 sin A 2 sin B 2 sin C
cot A = 1 / tan A
sec A = 1 / cos A
csc A = 1 / sin A
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
Quotient Relations:
sin A cos A CE BOARD NOV. 2017
tan A = cot A = 1. P is a point on BC of the triangle ABC such that AB = AC =
cos A sin A
BP. If PA = PC, find the value of the angle ABC.
Pythagorean Relations: A. 48° C. 72°
sin2A + cos2A = 1 B. 24° D. 36°
1 + tan2A = sec2A
1 + cot2A = csc2A 2. The ratio of the angles of a triangle is 2:3:7. If the perimeter
is 91.7 cm, then its area is _________.
IDENTITIES: a. 319 cm2 c. 309 cm2
Co-function Identities: b. 304 cm 2
d. 314 cm2
sin (900 – θ) = cos θ
cos (900 – θ) = sin θ 3. The sides of a right triangle are in arithmetic progression
tan (900 – θ) = cot θ whose common difference is 6 cm. Its area is ________.
a. 216 cm2 c. 360 cm2
b. 270 cm 2
d. 144 cm2

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 Review Innovations CE Review November 2024 – Trigonometry 1

4. An observer measured the angle of elevation of the top of 9. Two stations A and B were set up to determine the height of
the building and found it to be 26.4°. After moving 74.5 m a mountain. The angles of elevation to the top of the mountain
closer to the building, the angle of elevation of the top of the measured from stations A and B were 27.250 and 30.210
building was 52.6°. How high is the building? respectively. Station A is 55m above station B. Station B is
310m closer to the mountain. If the elevation of station A is
CE BOARD NOV. 2023: 421.63m, what is the elevation of the top of the mountain?
5. A mountain peak A is 1040 m above sea level. From mountain
peak A, the angle of elevation of mountain peak B was 10°. The 10. The obelisk of a certain Rizal monument rises to some
pilot of Air Asia upon flying directly over peak A, took the angle height above its dais; the angles of elevation of the top and
of depression of peak B equal to 46° 12’ and read his altimeter bottom of the obelisk from two stations A and B on the same
to be 2820 m above the sea level. Determine the elevation of horizontal plane as the base of the dais are 450 and 300
mountain peak B. respectively. The corresponding horizontal angles to the
A. 1297.45 m C. 1190.89 m common center of both dais and obelisk from the ends of the
B. 1321.25 m D. 1398.54 m base line AB 25 meters long are 750 and 600 respectively. Find
the height of the obelisk.
6. From the top of a tower 100 m high, two points A and B in
the plane of its base have angles of depression of 15° and 12° 11. A point outside an equilateral triangle is at distances of
respectively. The horizontal angle subtended by points A and 20 cm, 20 cm, and 36 cm from the vertices. Determine the
B at the foot of the tower is 48°. Find the distance between the perimeter of the triangle.
two points.

7. A boat left Port O and sailed S 460 E at 50 mph. Two hours Situation 1:
later, another boat left the same port at 40 mph and sailed N In triangle ABC, side BC = 40m, side AB = 50m and Angle A =
280 E. What is the bearing of the 1st boat from the 2nd boat two 530.
hours after the 2nd boat left Port O? 12. Determine the area of the triangle.
A. 674.4 m2 C. 644.4 m2
B. 647.4 m 2 D. 677.4 m2
Problems for Practice: 13. Determine the perimeter of the triangle.
1. The area of the inner triangle ABC is ¼ that of triangle ADE. A. 112.4 m C. 132.4 m
AB = 45 m, AD = 65 m, AE = 90 m and DE = 80 m. Point B is B. 122.4 m D. 142.4 m
along line AD and point C is along line AE. Find the length of
segment CE.
Situation 2:
2. An airplane starts to take off when it is 240 m away from a Triangle XYZ has base angles X = 520 and Z = 600.
wall at the end of the runway which is 12 m high. If the plane Distance XZ = 400 m long. A line AB which is 200 m long is
takes off at an angle of 8o, by what vertical distance will it clear laid out parallel to XZ.
the wall? 14. Compute the area of triangle XYZ.
A. 56,214.81 m2 C. 58,882.59 m2
3. The angle of elevation of a point C from a point B is 29 0 42’. B. 28,107.41 m 2 D. 29,441.29 m2
The angle of elevation of C from another point A 31.2 m below 15. Determine the area of ABXZ.
B is 590 23’. How high is C from the horizontal line through A? A. 39,897.12 m2 C. 44,161.94 m2
B. 45,786.54 m 2 D. 43,113,18 m2
4. Points A and B 1000 m apart are plotted on a straight 16. The area of ABY is to be divided into two equal parts.
highway running East and West. From A, tower C is 32 o N of Compute the length of the dividing line which is parallel to AB.
W and from B, tower C is 26o N of E. Compute the shortest A. 138.76 m C. 126.54 m
distance of tower C to the highway. B. 143.44 m D. 141.42 m

5. The side of a mountain slopes upward at an angle of 21 0 14’.

At a point on the mountain side, a mine tunnel is constructed
at an angle of 150 27’ downward from the horizontal. Find the
vertical distance to the surface of the mountain from a point
250 meters down the tunnel.

6. From a point A at the foot of the mountain, the angle of

elevation of the top B is 600. After ascending the mountain one
mile at an inclination of 300 to the horizon and reaching a point
C, observer finds that the angle ACB is 1350. Compute the height
of the mountain. Answers:
1. 57.5 m 9. 2226.15 m
7. A pole cast a shadow 15 m long when the angle of elevation 2. 21.73 m 10. 10.90 m
of the sun is 630. If the pole leans 150 from the vertical towards 3. 47.10 m 11. 67.38 cm & 119.67 cm
the sun, determine the length of the pole. 4. 273.92 m 12. 647.4 m2
5. 160.23 m 13. 122.4 m
6. 12,492.61 ft 14. 58,882.59 m2
8. Towers A and B stand on a level ground. From the top of
7. 64.28 m 15. 44,161.94 m2
tower A which is 30 m high, the angle of elevation of the top of
8. 98.31 m 16. 141.42 m
tower B is 480. From the same point, the angle of depression to
the foot of tower B is 260. What is the height of tower B?

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reproduction, use, or dissemination is strictly prohibited and shall be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.