CIVIL ENGINEERING Updated On 23.09.2019 Syla
CIVIL ENGINEERING Updated On 23.09.2019 Syla
CIVIL ENGINEERING Updated On 23.09.2019 Syla
Internship report on
Submitted By
NAME:NIREEKSHITH B R USN:4HG21CS028
Coordinator
Prof.NATESH M D
faculty
Dept of CS&E
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the internship on “DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYS-
TEM WITH MINI PROJECT" is done by NIREEKSHITH B R(4HG21CS028)
, the bonafide student of Government Engineering College, Mosalehosalli, Hassan-573212
in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Department of Computer
Science and Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, during
the year 2022-23.
It is certified that all the corrections/suggestions indicated for internal assessment have
been incorporated in the report. The DBMS Project report has been approved as it sat-
isfies the academic requirements prescribed for the said degree.
BY:
NIREEKSHITH B R
ABSTRACT
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Completion of any project involves the efforts of many people. We have been lucky to
have received a lot of help, from all directions during this project, so with the gratitude
we take this opportunity to acknowledge all those who guide and encouraged us. We
are extremely grateful to our Honorable principal Dr.T Rangaswamy B.E, M.Tech,
Ph.D for creating an excellent and technically sound environment in our institution. We
would like to express our profound sense of gratitude to our Head of the Department
Prof. Dr.K C Ravishankar, B.E, M.Tech, Ph.D and our Department co-ordinater
Prof. Dr.Raghu M.E, B.E, MTech, Ph.D and our guide Dr.K C Ravishankar for
their guidance. It’s a great pleasure to acknowledge for their help and encouragement
rendered towards the successful completion of project.
BY:
NIREEKSHITH B R
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Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Motivation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Objectives: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Scope: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.6 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.7 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Requirement Analysis 5
2.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Proposed Methodology 9
3.1 Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4 Design 12
4.2 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5 Implementation 16
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CONTENTS CONTENTS
6 Conclusion 23
Bibliography 24
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List of Figures
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.6 Timetable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.7 Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.8 Exam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.10 Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.11 Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
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List of Tables
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ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM VTU 2023-2024
Chapter 1
Introduction
pivotal shift in the way examinations are conducted, introducing a seamless digital platform
that enhances accessibility, security, and efficiency. With remote access capabilities, students
can undertake exams from any location with internet connectivity, eliminating the constraints
of physical exam centers. Robust authentication protocols ensure the integrity of the
examination process, while a vast question bank and randomization techniques guarantee fair
and balanced assessments. Timed exams and instant feedback empower students to gauge
procedures, reducing manual effort for faculty members. Result declaration is swift and
continuous improvement through a feedback mechanism, enabling the university to refine and
optimize the examination process continually. In essence, the VTU online examination system
1.1 Background:
Traditional examination methods have long been the cornerstone of assessing student
knowledge and understanding. However, these methods often come with inherent challenges
education, recognizes the need to modernize its examination system to overcome these
1.2 Motivation:
The motivation behind implementing an online examination system at VTU stems from the
desire to address the limitations of traditional examination methods and leverage the
advantages offered by digital assessment platforms. Online examination systems offer several
1.3 Objectives:
revolutionize the assessment process, providing a robust and user-friendly platform that caters
to the needs of students, faculty, and administrators. Specific objectives include digitizing
exam creation, administration, and evaluation processes, ensuring secure authentication and
anti-cheating measures, providing flexibility in exam formats and question types, and
1.4 Scope:
The scope of the VTU online examination system encompasses the design, development,
examination needs, the system is designed to evolve and adapt to future technological
advancements and educational trends, ensuring its relevance and effectiveness over time.
The report is structured to provide a comprehensive overview of the VTU online examination
system project, covering various aspects such as requirements analysis, system design,
implementation details, testing procedures, evaluation results, and future enhancements. Each
methodologies, outcomes, and implications for VTU’s examination process and broader
educational goals.
1.6 Advantages
Efficiency: The online examination system streamlines the entire assessment process, from
exam creation to result publication, reducing administrative burden and saving time for both
Accessibility: Students can access exams from anywhere with an internet connection,
eliminating the need for physical presence on campus and providing greater flexibility for
remote learners.
Security: Advanced authentication and anti-cheating measures ensure the integrity of exams,
reducing the risk of academic dishonesty and maintaining the credibility of assessment
outcomes.
Flexibility: The system allows for various exam formats and question types, accommodating
diverse learning styles and enabling instructors to design assessments that align with course
objectives.
Automated Grading: Automated grading features expedite the evaluation process, providing
prompt feedback to students and allowing instructors to focus on more meaningful aspects of
Remote Proctoring: Integration of remote proctoring capabilities allows for the monitoring of
exam sessions, ensuring compliance with exam rules and regulations and minimizing instances
of cheating.
learning outcomes, enabling educators to identify areas of strength and weakness and tailor
1.7 Disadvantages
Technical Challenges: Connectivity issues or technical glitches may disrupt exam sessions,
Digital Divide: Students with limited access to technology or internet connectivity may face
Security Concerns: Despite robust security measures, online exams may still be susceptible to
Adaptation Challenges: Faculty and students may require time to adapt to the new online
examination system, leading to initial resistance or confusion during the transition period.
Privacy Risks: Collecting and storing personal data for authentication purposes may raise
privacy concerns among students and faculty, necessitating strict adherence to data protection
regulations.
Proctoring Limitations: Remote proctoring may not be foolproof and may raise privacy
concerns among students, leading to debates over the ethical implications of surveillance
during exams.
Assessment Authenticity: Some stakeholders may question the authenticity and rigor of online
assessments compared to traditional pen-and-paper exams, raising doubts about the validity
of examination outcomes.
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Chapter 2
Requirement Analysis
Requirements analysis, also called requirements engineering, is the process of determining user
expectations for a new or modified product. These features, called requirements, must be
quantifiable, relevant and detailed. In software engineering, such requirements are often called
demanded by the various users or groups of users, avoidance of feature creep and
documentation of all aspects of the project development process from start to finish. Energy
should be directed towards ensuring that the final system or product conforms to client needs
The hardware requirements for the VTU online examination system are fundamental to
ensuring smooth operations and scalability. High-performance servers are necessary to host
the platform, handling concurrent exam sessions and user interactions efficiently. These
servers should have ample processing power, memory, and storage to accommodate the
connectivity between users and the examination servers, ensuring minimal latency and
downtime. End-user devices such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones should be
supported to provide flexibility for students taking exams. Additionally, security hardware like
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2.2. Software Requirements Chapter 2. Requirement Analysis
firewalls and encryption devices must be in place to protect sensitive data and prevent
unauthorized access. Backup systems are essential to ensure data redundancy and disaster
The software requirements of the VTU online examination system are diverse and critical for
its functionality. Compatibility with multiple operating systems, including Windows, macOS,
and Linux, is essential to ensure accessibility for all users. A robust database management
system (DBMS) is necessary to efficiently store and manage exam-related data, such as
questions, student records, and results. Secure web servers are required to host the online
examination platform securely, enabling encrypted data transmission and protecting against
cyber threats. Security software, including antivirus programs and intrusion detection
systems, is vital to safeguard the system against malicious attacks. Moreover, ensuring
browser compatibility with popular web browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge is
necessary to provide a seamless user experience across different devices and platforms.
Functional requirements define the core functionalities that the VTU online examination
system must provide to its users. These include user authentication mechanisms to ensure
secure access to the platform for students, faculty, and administrators. The system should
enable faculty members to create, edit, and manage exam questions and papers easily.
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Chapter 2. Requirement Analysis 2.4. Non Functional Requirements
Features like timed exams, random question selection, and auto-grading functionalities
enhance the examination experience and streamline the evaluation process. Instant result
generation, score calculation, and result publication functionalities are crucial for timely
feedback to students. Access control mechanisms with role-based permissions ensure that
users have appropriate access levels based on their roles and responsibilities. Reporting
attendance, and system usage to support decision-making and evaluation processes effectively.
responsiveness, scalability, and throughput, ensuring that exams can be conducted smoothly
even during peak usage periods. Security requirements encompass data encryption, secure
transmission of exam papers, and measures to prevent cheating through monitoring and
proctoring tools. Reliability requirements ensure high availability, system uptime, and fault
user interface, accessibility features, and multi-language support to accommodate diverse user
laws, and industry standards for online examination systems. Maintenance requirements focus
on easy system updates, patch management, and troubleshooting tools to ensure the system’s
2.5 Summary
In summary, the VTU online examination system requires robust hardware infrastructure,
and backup systems. Software requirements encompass compatibility with multiple operating
systems, a robust database management system, secure web servers, security software, and
performance, security, reliability, usability, compliance, and maintenance aspects to ensure the
7
2.5. Summary Chapter 2. Requirement Analysis
essential for developing and deploying a successful online examination system for VTU.
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Chapter 3
Proposed Methodology
3.1 Working
The VTU (Visvesvaraya Technological University) online examination system streamlines the
process of conducting examinations for students enrolled in various courses offered by the
• User Authentication:
Students, faculty members, and administrators log in to the system using their unique
role-based permissions determining the actions users can perform. Exam Creation and
Scheduling:
Faculty members create exams by selecting questions from a question bank or creating
new questions. They set parameters such as exam duration, start time, end time, and
allowed resources. Exams are scheduled and made available to students according to the
Students register for exams through the online platform within the designated
registration period. They enroll in specific courses or modules and confirm their
• Exam Administration:
On the day of the exam, students access the exam portal and authenticate themselves.
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3.2. Summary Chapter 3. Proposed Methodology
the exam settings. Features such as timer display, question navigation, and submission
Students answer exam questions within the allocated time frame. They submit their
answers electronically through the exam portal. The system automatically grades
After the exam period ends, the system calculates students’ scores and generates result
reports. Students can access their individual results through the exam portal. Faculty
members review overall performance statistics and analyze exam results for further
The system employs encryption protocols and secure data transmission mechanisms to
protect sensitive information, including exam papers and student records. Access
controls ensure that only authorized users can access exams, question banks, and result
data. Regular backups and data redundancy measures are in place to prevent data loss
• Administrative Functions:
Administrators oversee the entire examination process, managing user accounts, course
enrollment, exam scheduling, and result publication. They generate reports, monitor
system performance, and address any technical issues or concerns that may arise.
The system provides mechanisms for students and faculty members to provide feedback
on the examination process. Feedback is collected and analyzed to identify areas for
3.2 Summary
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Chapter 3. Proposed Methodology 3.2. Summary
students enrolled in VTU courses. The system facilitates user authentication for students,
faculty, and administrators, ensuring secure access to the platform with role-based
permissions. Faculty members can create and schedule exams, select questions from a question
bank, and set parameters such as exam duration and resources. Students register for exams,
access them through the online portal, and submit their answers electronically within the
The system features automatic grading of objective-type questions based on predefined answer
keys, while subjective-type questions are manually graded by faculty members. Result reports
are generated and made available to students through the exam portal, allowing them to
review their performance. Administrators oversee the entire examination process, managing
user accounts, course enrollment, exam scheduling, and result publication. Security measures,
including encryption protocols and access controls, ensure the integrity and confidentiality of
exam data.
Continuous improvement and feedback mechanisms allow stakeholders to provide input on the
examination process, facilitating ongoing enhancements to the system. Overall, the VTU
online examination system offers a convenient, efficient, and secure platform for conducting
examinations, supporting the academic goals and learning outcomes of students enrolled in
VTU courses.
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Chapter 4
Design
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Chapter 4. Design 4.1. Entity Relationship
students enrolled in VTU courses. At its core, the system revolves around several key entities
participants. They interact with exams by taking them, submitting answers, and
• Faculty members, another essential entity, play a crucial role in the system by
creating and managing exams. With attributes like faculty ID and email, they set the
parameters for exams, including the duration, start time, and end time. Additionally,
faculty members are associated with specific courses, representing their teaching
• Courses serve as organizational units within the system, providing context for
exams and facilitating enrollment. Each course entity is uniquely identified by a course
• Exams are central to the system, representing the assessment mechanisms used to
evaluate students’ knowledge and skills. They are associated with specific courses and
• Questions form the building blocks of exams, providing the content for
assessment. They are associated with specific exams and are uniquely identified by a
question ID. Attributes within the question entity include the text of the question,
performance. They are associated with both students and exams, allowing for the
tracking of individual student scores across different exams. Each result entity contains
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4.1. Entity Relationship Chapter 4. Design
The relationships between these entities are essential for the functionality of the system.
For example, students take exams, faculty members set exams, exams belong to courses,
questions are part of exams, and results are linked to both students and exams.
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Chapter 4. Design 4.2. Summary
4.2 Summary
The VTU online examination system design facilitates seamless examination processes
faculty, convenient student experience for exam registration, access, and result viewing,
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Chapter 5
Implementation
ongoing maintenance. With a focus on user-centric design, the system aims to provide a
seamless experience for students, faculty, and administrators. Through rigorous testing,
potential issues are identified and resolved to ensure reliability and security. Deployment
onto production servers allows users to access the system, supported by comprehensive
improvements, ensuring the system remains effective and aligned with evolving needs.
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Chapter 5. Implementation 5.1. Project Implementation
Figure 5.1
Index page: fig:5.1 Main Page of the VTU ONline Examination System.
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5.1. Project Implementation Chapter 5. Implementation
Faculty Login and Register: fig:5.4 The Faculty Login and Register Page.
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Chapter 5. Implementation 5.1. Project Implementation
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5.1. Project Implementation Chapter 5. Implementation
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Chapter 5. Implementation 5.1. Project Implementation
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5.1. Project Implementation Chapter 5. Implementation
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Chapter 6
Conclusion
both students and faculty. Through its user-friendly interface and robust features, such
as exam creation, automated grading, and comprehensive reporting, the system aims to
Moreover, the implementation of the VTU online examination system underscores the
university’s commitment to innovation and adaptability in the digital age. It not only
addresses the challenges posed by traditional examination methods but also sets a
Overall, the VTU online examination system represents a significant step forward in
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[3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q33KBiDriJY
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[6] https://www.udemy.com/course/relational-database-management-system
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