About Us Since 1957, Pathfinder International has maintained an unwavering belief in the right of women and families to have

access to contraception and to quality reproductive health care. Pathfinders founder Clarence Gamble, a pioneer in family planning and maternal health, introduced contraception to more than 60 developing countries, including some where Pathfinder is still engaged today. Pathfinder works in remote locations, under the most difficult conditions, serving the most vulnerable people. We collaborate with governments, NGOs, and community- and faith-based organizations to make contraception available and provide the quality care needed to ensure safe childbirth and healthy families. Working in countries with high prevalence of HIV and AIDS, we provide a continuum of HIV and AIDS prevention and treatment services and are expanding the integration of these services into reproductive health and family planning programs. Though controversial, we support safe abortion care in countries where its legal, provide reproductive health services to commercial sex workers and adolescents, and advocate for sound reproductive health policies in the US and abroad. Pathfinders work focuses on overcoming barriers and is based on developing long-term relationships, not only with clients, but with entire communities. Working in traditional societies, we understand that changes in attitude and behavior must have the support of religious and community leaders, the guardians of local culture. We train doctors, nurses, midwives, traditional birth attendants, community-based health workers, and teachers. At the same time, we build the capacity of our partner organizations to make them stronger, more effective, and able to thrive independently once our support has ended. ABOUT US: Mission

Pathfinder Internationals mission is to ensure that people everywhere have the right and opportunity to live a healthy sexual and reproductive life. Reproductive health is essential for creating better opportunities throughout life. When people take charge of their life choices such as when and how often to have children, they gain confidence and strength. They can better pursue their education, contribute to the local economy, and engage in their communities. Pathfinder International places reproductive health services at the center of all that we do believing that health care is not only a fundamental human right but is critical for expanding opportunities for women, families, communities, and nations, while paving the way for

transformations in environmental stewardship, decreases in population pressures, and innovations in poverty reduction. In more than 25 countries, Pathfinder provides women, men, and adolescents with a range of quality health servicesfrom contraception and maternal care to HIV prevention and AIDS care and treatment. Pathfinder strives to strengthen access to family planning, ensure availability of safe abortion services, advocate for sound reproductive health policies, and, through all of our work, improve the rights and lives of the people we serve.

ABOUT US: History

Pathfinder International was originally incorporated as The Pathfinder Fund in 1957. Our pioneering family planning work, however, began decades earlier in the late 1920s when Pathfinder founder, Dr. Clarence Gamble, supported efforts to introduce contraception to women and couples in the United States and 60 other countries. He also launched the first community-based service model, which is still the foundation of Pathfinders success today. Despite the highly sensitive and complex nature of our work, Pathfinder has steadily expanded operations since 1957. Over the decades we have taken difficult positions to increase access to high-quality reproductive health services. This has earned Pathfinder wide recognition and respect throughout the world, highlighted by the 1996 United Nations Population Award. Significant Events in Pathfinder History 1920s Margaret Sanger founds American Birth Control League, opens first US birth control clinic in New York. Cincinnati Maternal Health Clinic opens. Dr. Clarence Gamble gives $5,000 to cover first year costs, the first Pathfinder grant. Later the Maternal Clinic becomes the Planned Parenthood affiliate. 1930s Gamble and team of female volunteers begin to introduce family planning programs in the US; launching birth control clinics and supporting contraceptive research in 40 US cities in 14 states. Most or all become Planned Parenthood affiliates after Planned Parenthood is organized. 1940s With interruptions caused by World War II, Gamble reaches agreement with Margaret Sanger to focus on family planning work overseas rather than at home.

In initial overseas venture, Gamble makes first of many grants to family planning projects in Japan. 1950s Gamble and his field workers visit more than 50 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America to discuss family planning and initiate small family planning and information projects. These visits result in the establishment of private Family Planning Associations (FPAs) in more than 30 countries. Most FPAs subsequently become members of International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) once it is organized and established. Family planning crusaders Luigi and Maria Luisa DeMarchi defy Italian law by opening birth control service in Rome with Gamble financial support. The Pathfinder Fund, founded by Clarence and Sarah Gamble, becomes an incorporated, taxexempt organization in 1957. As a tax-exempt organization, it is able to receive donations. Gamble family constitutes Board of Directors. 1960s Pathfinder initiates family planning activities in Francophone African countries. Pathfinders annual budget is $250,000, in private funds, largely contributed by Gamble family. Congress passes the legislation to provide first-time funding for support of both domestic and international family planning programs. First worldwide USAID/Office of Population grant to Pathfinder for family planning service support for $10 million over five years. Pathfinder opens Indonesia and Latin America offices. 1970s Italian Supreme Court rules in favor of DeMarchis, declaring unconstitutional all laws against contraception. In 1973, the US Supreme Court hands down landmark Roe vs. Wade decision, establishing a womans right to choose abortion to terminate a pregnancy. Helms Amendment to Foreign Assistance Act is passed, forbidding use of US government funds for any abortion-related activity. The United Nations establishes a new division for population issues UNFPA and it holds a Global Conference on Population Issues in Bucharest in 1974. IPPF Central Medical Committee formally approves and advocates community-based, nonclinical distribution of oral contraceptives. Pathfinder opens regional offices in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America North; and opens country offices in Brazil, Egypt, India, Chile and the Philippines. Bangladesh office opens, launching what would become more than $200 million of family planning services overseen by Pathfinder in that country. Pathfinder sponsors conference on New Developments in Fertility Regulations (Airlie, Virginia) for physicians of the Americas to learn about new menstrual regulation techniques. Here, J. Villarreal, M.D., decides to open Latin Americas first abortion clinic in Bogata, Colombia. USAID central worldwide grant renewed to provide $50 million of family planning services and support for nine years. 1980s

Latin America office moves to Peru; offices open in Turkey, Tanzania, Nigeria, Mexico and Pakistan. At the United Nations World Population Conference in Mexico City, US government institutes new policy denying US funds to any foreign non-governmental organization (NGO) that performs or promotes abortion as a method of family planning. This becomes known as the Mexico City Policy. Here also the US retreats from previous population policy positions and states that US believes that population growth is neutral and that a market economy will rise to meet any size population. Pathfinder Endowment Fund established with gift of $200,000. Pathfinder files suit challenging USs Mexico City Policy, and files amicus briefs in support of two other abortion-related cases. 1990s Pathfinders landmark court case clarifies that the Mexico City Policy allows USAID support for postabortion care services, and recognizes a US-based NGOs right to use private funds without any government interference. The Pathfinder Fund becomes Pathfinder International. Pathfinder convenes public policy forum for members of the US Congress. Heads of private sector family planning programs in Bangladesh and Colombia and public sector programs in China and Mexico meet Members of Congress and their staff to discuss global family planning issues. A new program initiative in Viet Nam is begun to improve the accessibility and availability of family planning services. This program is funded entirely by private funds, both because of a visionary donor, and because Viet Nam and the US had not yet normalized relations. Pathfinder receives first HIV/AIDS grant. Pathfinder opens offices in Bolivia, Viet Nam, Uganda and Washington, DC. President William Clinton takes action to restore a number of reproductive rights that had erodedand overturns the Mexico City Policy." Pathfinder co-hosts a Boston Town Meeting, one of 12 organized throughout the US, to encourage public participation and input in the official US position for the 1994 United Nations (UN) International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo, Egypt. Pathfinder opens office in Ethiopia, using US government funds, after sustaining the program with private funds for several years. Pathfinder wins UN Population Award on the eve of its 40th Anniversary. Pathfinder surpasses $55 million in annual revenues. 2000-2007 President George W. Bush reinstitutes the Mexico City Policy. Pathfinder launches African Youth Alliance program to improve the sexual and reproductive health of young people aged 10-24 in Botswana, Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda. This program represents a collaborative effort of Pathfinder, the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, and the UN Fund for Population Activities. In 2005, Pathfinder becomes a co-plaintiff in a lawsuit against the US government. The US District Court rules in favor of Pathfinder which successfully sought to repeal the sweeping restrictions placed on US groups participating in the federal government's funding of international HIV/AIDS programs. One such restriction requires groups to pledge their

opposition to prostitution in order to remain eligible for federal HIV/AIDS funds. Currently, the court's decision is on appeal. Pathfinder opens office in Papua New Guinea, entirely privately funded. Pathfinder surpasses $90 million in annual revenues. Three donors combine to make a $10 million pledge and request a dollar match. When all payments have been received, Pathfinders endowment and reserves will reach $10 million. A similar amount will be raised for new opportunities and ventures. In 2007, Pathfinder celebrates 50 years of incorporation, and 80 years of pathfinding work in family planning.

ABOUT US: Leadership Founders Clarence J. Gamble Sarah B. Gamble President Daniel E. Pellegrom Senior Leadership Caroline Crosbie, Senior Vice President Thomas Downing, Chief Financial Officer Jean Wood, Vice President of Resource Development Demet Gral, Vice President of Programs Shari Stier, Director of Human Resources Margaret Kemp Carlson, Vice President of Administration Country Representatives Angola: Marie Baptiste (Project Director) Bangladesh: Mansur Ahmed (Team Leader) Botswana: Sinah Chaba (Program Manager) Brazil: Carmen Pereira Burundi: Tanou Diallo Egypt: Mohamed Abou Nar Ethiopia: Tilahun Giday Guinea: Issa Sidibe (Chief of Party) India: Dr. Rema Nanda Kenya: Peter Eerens Mozambique: Rita Badiani Nigeria and Ghana: Dr. Mohammed Murtala Mai Pakistan: Dr. Tauseef Ahmed (Project Director) Papua New Guinea: Jelilah Unia (Program Manager) Peru: Dr. Miguel Gutierrez Ramos South Africa: Sophia Ladha Tanzania: Mustafa Kudrati Uganda: Lucy Shillingi

Viet Nam: Dr. Ton van der Velden Yemen: Dr. Yahia AlBabily (Chief of Party)

ABOUT US: Board of Directors

Officers Cynthia A. Fields Chair Cynthia A. Fields, board Chair, is a retired direct marketing executive. The bulk of her career was spent at Victoria's Secret Direct. During her tenure as president and CEO, revenues of the catalogue and internet increased from $50 million to $1 billion, making the business one of the largest and most successful in the industry. She currently serves on several for-profit boards and consults with various retail and direct operations. A supporter of Planned Parenthood for many years, Ms. Fields brings a strong sense of commitment to the family planning issue. She has been an outspoken advocate with both political and corporate leaders, and she is a business leader who has introduced Pathfinder to many others. James M. Schwartz Vice Chair James M. Schwartz, board Vice Chair, is the President of Mast Global Fashions, a division of Limited Brands. Mast Global Fashions provides sourcing and logistic services for Branded Specialty Store Apparel Retailers. Being responsible for a global production team in 10 countries, Mr. Schwartz has extensive experience working with diverse cultures and managing a global organization. Mast Industries sells to major retailers, such as Express, Chicos, New York & Co., Lane Bryant, and New York & Co. Mr. Schwartz has traveled extensively throughout Europe, Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia, Central America, and Mexico. This exposure has resulted in his growing conviction that the work of Pathfinder and its in-country partners is fundamental

to the economic, social, and health development of virtually every developing country. Mr. Schwartz and Mast Industries are proud of the role they played in the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act. He is a graduate of Washington University in St. Louis and Indiana University, Graduate School of Business. Mr. Schwartz is an executive member of the Washington University New England Regional Cabinet, as well as a member of the Arts and Sciences National Council at Washington University. Manuel Urbina, MD, MPH Secretary Manuel Urbina, MD, MPH, board Secretary, is a co-founder of Investigacion on Salud y Demografia (Insad), an association that aims to contribute to the effectiveness and impact of governmental and nongovernmental initiatives on the issues of population and public health toward development in Mexico and throughout Latin America. Dr. Urbina is on the Faculty of Medicine at the National University in Mexico and is president of the Department of Public Health and Social Medicine of the National Academy of Medicine. Prior responsibilities included Director General of Medical Services at the Social Security Institute for Government Employees, Undersecretary of Health in Mexico, General Director of the Health Services in Mexico City in 1995, Secretary General of the Mexican National Population Council in 1990, and coordinator at the national level for family planning in 1984-1989. A noted speaker and accomplished author of several books on family planning and public health, he also contributes to global population efforts as a member of both the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population and the International Committee on the Administration of Population Programs. Benjamin R. Kahrl Treasurer Benjamin R. Kahrl, board Treasurer, is the Social Studies Department Head at Dartmouth High School. He received his Principal Certification at Harvard Graduate School of Education and is a repeat winner of Excellence in Teaching Awards. He received his undergraduate degree from Harvard University and graduate degrees from both Ohio State and Harvard Universities. His interest in family planning derives in part from the commitment of his parents and his grandfather, Dr. Clarence J. Gamble. He has traveled specifically and extensively to see family planning projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Ben shares with his family, siblings, and parents the Daniel Alcides Carrion Order from the Peruvian Ministry of Health in honor of their long term commitment to improving maternal health. He is the proud father of two daughters, Ella and Lily Kahrl. Directors Sharon W. Allison Sharon W. Allison is the former president of the board of International Planned Parenthood Federation/Western Hemisphere Region and member of the Governing Council of International Planned Parenthood Federation. In addition, she was chair of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and president of the Waco Foundation. She currently sits on the boards of Guttmacher Institute, Americans for UNFPA, and the board of visitors for Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Her lifelong commitment to improving her community is evidenced by her participation on a number of boards, including Outreach Commission; League of Women Voters; United Way of McLennan County, Texas; Junior League of Waco (president); Protective Services Commission, and Evangelia Settlement. Ms. Allison was a delegate to the 1994 UN

International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo and the 1995 UN Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing. Andrew A. Arkutu, MB, FRCOG Dr. Andrew A. Arkutu worked for Pathfinder International from 2001 through August 2006 and joined the Pathfinder Board of Directors in November 2006. He was Pathfinder's country representative in Ghana for five years and its medical director for Africa for three years. Before joining Pathfinder, Dr. Arkutu held numerous positions for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in Zimbabwe, Tanzania, and Nigeria. His last position with UNFPA was director of their Country Support Team for Southern Africa. Between his service with UNFPA and Pathfinder International, Dr. Arkutu served as special representative of the executive director of UNFPA in Eritrea and Sierra Leone. His special skills and areas of interest are sexual and reproductive health/rights and family planning, including adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS, with a focus on policy formulation, review, and analysis; program design, development, and management support; training of service providers and management personnel; and program evaluation. Dr. Arkutu has been chair of the Board of Directors of the Centre for African Family Studies, a leading African and international nongovernmental organization in the area of sexual and reproductive health and rights. He has been the invited guest speaker, or delivered the keynote address, at many international conferences and is the author of many books, case reports, and clinical studies. Claudine Bacher Claudine Bacher, born in France, the daughter of a general practitioner, immigrated to the United States with her family during World War II. She grew up in New York City, attended public school and graduated from Bennington College. Mrs. Bacher worked at ABC, Mademoiselle Magazine and then The Nation where she was in charge of Nation Associates, special subscribers, who contributed funds to the magazine, and organized special events for them. With a strong interest in politics, Mrs. Bacher joined the effort to help organize Bill Bradleys first senatorial campaign and continued on as an active supporter in each of his subsequent campaigns, as well as his unsuccessful presidential bid. In 1991, Mrs. Bacher was a delegate to the Florida State Democratic Convention, where she first met the Clintons. She was very active in both Clinton presidential campaigns as well as the Womens Leadership Forum, an arm of the Democratic National Committee. More recently, Mrs. Bacher has been a supporter of Hillary Clinton in both her senatorial campaigns and currently, her presidential run. As a tireless supporter of various charitable organizations, Mrs. Bacher was a guardian ad litem in the Florida Keys (Monroe County), served on the Monroe County Health & Human Services Board and the Keys Childrens Shelter Board. She was also a founder of the Keys Childrens Foundation and was named to the Board of Save Americas Treasures, part of the Millennium Projects started by Hillary Clinton during her husbands administration. She recently stepped down from the Chair position of Honoring Eleanor Roosevelt: A Project to Preserve Her Val-kill Home. Currently, Mrs. Bacher and her husband, Fred, support the Girls Scholarship Program in Ethiopia, which enables girls to continue their high school education. Richard L. Berkowitz, MD

Dr. Richard L. Berkowitz is Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Director of the Residency Program and Quality Improvement in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Columbia University Medical Center. Prior to that, he was Professor and Chairman of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science at the Mount Sinai Medical Center for 18 years and director of its Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine. In between post-graduate studies, Dr. Berkowitz served as a Peace Corps physician in Mauritania and Nigeria, and worked as a consultant for Family Planning International Assistance in Kenya, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Dr. Berkowitz is a pioneer in the use of obstetrical ultrasound, and has developed several invasive procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of fetal diseases in utero. He is a member of numerous professional and scientific societies, has been president of the New York Obstetrical Society, and was a senior national board examiner for many years in both general obstetrics and gynecology and maternal-fetal medicine. Dr. Berkowitz serves on the editorial boards of several scientific journals, and his numerous publications include over 200 peer reviewed articles, as well as authoring or editing more than 35 books and book chapters. Cornelia L. Cook Cornelia L. Cook has been an active volunteer in the medical care field, family services, literacy programs, and her church since 1968. Currently, she is on the vestry of St. Andrews Church and a volunteer for Hospice and Palliative Care of Cape Cod and Hospice of Southwest Florida. Mrs. Cook currently serves on the board of the Visiting Nurse Foundation and has served as a board member of the Dedham Visiting Nurse Association, Family Service of Dedham, and Dedham Women's Exchange. Mrs. Cook was a teacher at Dedham Country Day School and a sales representative for Zeckendorf Corporation. Her commitment to the issue of family planning is a result of her long-standing concern for women, children, and families. Mrs. Cook is an advocate, a volunteer, and leader who has introduced Pathfinder's work to many others. Andrew L. Frey Andrew L. Frey is a partner in the law firm of Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw, specializing in appellate and supreme court litigation. He has argued over 60 cases before the US Supreme Court and numerous cases before state supreme courts and federal courts of appeals. Mr. Frey is a member of the American Law Institute and a fellow of the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers. He is the author of a number of articles and other publications on various legal topics, including appellate and supreme court advocacy and punitive damages. Mr. Frey has a lifelong commitment to family planning, and served on the Board of Directors of Planned Parenthood of Metropolitan Washington. Walter J. Gamble, MD Dr. Walter J. Gamble is a retired pediatric cardiologist who was on the staff of Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts for 32 years. He is a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and serves on the boards of several organizations in the Boston area, including the New England Aquarium, Science Museum, and Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences. Dr. Gamble is a son of Dr. Clarence J. Gamble, Pathfinders founder. Jane L. Havemeyer

Jane L. Havemeyers professional affiliations have included public relations and customer relations with major corporations; legislative aide in the Office of the Mayor of New York City; social issue lobbyist with the New York State Legislature; and independent consultant on projects in publishing, the arts, education, womens political initiatives, and with communitybased organizations. She has served on many non-profit boards including: The Brooklyn Hospital Center; Hospital Association of New York State; The Kent School; Steps to End Family Violence; The Womens Project and Productions; Circle in the Square Theater; Greenwoods Counseling Services; Central Park Brass; GirlSpace, the East Harlem Center for Girls; Interfaith Neighbors Center for Youth, and is a former member of the Governors Advisory Commission on Child Care in New York State. She is co-chair and a founder of New York ChoicePac, a prochoice political action committee for New York State. She is Vice President of Havemeyer Management Services and currently is an advisor/consultant to several non profit organizations. Anne Hale Johnson Anne Hale Johnson chaired the board of Union Theological Seminary in New York, NY from 1996 until the spring of 2005. In April 2005, she was awarded the Union Medal at a ceremony in New York City. Ms. Johnson is a member of the National Advisory Boards of the National Council of Churches and The Interfaith Alliance. Ms. Johnson is a board member of the Presbyterian Churchs Covenant Network, the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice, Planned Parenthood Foundation, and The Living Pulpit. She is a Reimaginer and a member of the Voices of Sophia. A pro-choice political activist, Ms. Johnson was a founding member of the Republican Majority Coalition, and Safe Travel America, an organization dedicated to improving public safety in transportation. In 1995, she attended the UN Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing. Edward M. Kaplan Edward M. Kaplan, a graduate of Columbia College and Vanderbilt University Law School, joined the law firm of Armstrong Allen, PLLC, in Memphis, Tennessee in 1965 and retired from the practice of law in 2006. He was a member of the Special Corporate Law Revision Committee of Tennessee Bar that wrote the current Tennessee Corporate Code, and was editor of the Martindale Hubbell Tennessee Law Digest from 1999-2006. After the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Mr. Kaplan was a member of a group of lawyers who volunteered their services to run a pilot program that resulted in the establishment of federally funded legal services in Memphis and Shelby County. Mr. Kaplan served on the Board of Directors of The Alan Guttmacher Institute and Memphis Planned Parenthood, serving two terms as chair of the latter. He was a member of the Board of Directors and president of Arts Appreciation Foundation; is a member, and was twice chairman, of the board of Opera Memphis, Inc.; and is a past president (2005-2006) of the Jewish Historical Society of Memphis and the Mid-South. Rajen A. Kilachand Rajen A. Kilachand is Chairman and President of Dodsal Group, a transglobal multinational company with a diversified portfolio of businesses operating in several countries with a multicultural workforce. The headquarters for the engineering and construction business is in Dubai, United Arab Emirates; the headquarters for the fast food and restaurant business and the

trading and distribution business is in Mumbai, India. The Dodsal Group is recognized as one of the leading players in the engineering and construction business, having received many awards for safety and smooth project execution. Mr. Kilachand is Director of Dodsal Pte. Limited, Dodsal Pvt. Ltd., and Dodsal Corporation Pvt. Ltd. He is trustee and on the Board of Management of The Bhatia General Hospital in Mumbai. In addition, Mr. Kilachand is trustee of a temple in the state of Gujarat in India called the Shree Somnath Trust. Elisabeth L. Lyon Elisabeth L. Lyon works with nonprofits in strategic planning and policy development. She worked for the Model Cities Program in Charlotte, North Carolina; was Director of Urban Affairs for the Greater Baltimore Committee; and has been a consultant in urban planning in her current home city of Portland, Oregon. She has served as a trustee of organizations as widely varied as the Oregon Coast Aquarium, the Oregon Episcopal School in Portland, The Library Foundation, Inc. in Portland, and Planned Parenthood associations in Maryland and Oregon, the latter of which she served as president. In addition, Ms. Lyon served as president of the Board of Directors of Associates of the Oregon Symphony and she chaired the Endowment Committee of the Oregon Episcopal School in Portland. She has considerable experience in strategic planning, fundraising, and not-for-profit governance, and a demonstrated commitment to the fields of education, environment, and reproductive health. Florence W. Manguyu, MD Dr. Florence W. Manguyu is a consultant pediatrician in clinical practice in Nairobi, Kenya. She is a member and past president of the Medical Women's International Association. Dr. Manguyu served on the International NGO Steering Committee for the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and chaired the NGO Forum of the conference. She serves on a number of local and international boards on policy issues. Dr. Manguyu is an ardent and respected advocate for the health and well-being of women and children around the world. In her home country, she pioneered the drafting of the first comprehensive Act on the Rights of the Child. She is currently working with a research team in search of an effective HIV/AIDS vaccine in East Africa. Deborah Prothrow-Stith, MD Dr. Deborah Prothrow-Stith works as a consultant for the executive search firm, Spencer Stewart and continues her work at the Harvard School of Public Health as an adjunct faculty member. Until September 2008, she served as Associate Dean for Faculty Development and Professor of Public Health Practice at the Harvard School of Public Health, where she created and served as a founding director of the Division of Public Health Practice. In 1987, Governor Dukakis appointed Dr. Prothrow-Stith as the first woman Commissioner of Public Health for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. In that role, she established the first Office of Violence Prevention in a state department of public health, expanded prevention programs for HIV/AIDS, and increased drug treatment and rehabilitation programs. Dr. Prothrow-Stith wrote The Violence Prevention Curriculum for Adolescents, a forerunner of violence prevention curriculum for schools and communities. She has authored and/or co-authored over 80 publications on medical and public health issues, including Deadly Consequences, the first book to present the public health perspective on violence to a mass audience; Murder Is No Accident, a blue print for

community-based violence prevention work; and Sugar and Spice and No Longer Nice, a guide for parents of girls. Dr. Prothrow-Stith has received ten honorary doctorates and numerous awards, including the 1993 World Health Day Award, the 1989 Secretary of Health and Human Service Award, and a presidential appointment to the National Commission on Crime Control and Prevention. She has traveled internationally as a delegate, visiting scholar, and lecturer, and recently lived in Tanzania for three years. Prakash Shah Prakash Shah was the Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for Iraq. Prior to that, he was India's Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York City where, among other duties, he served as India's chief negotiator on Security Council reforms and at the UN Disarmament Conference. He also served as Vice Chairman of the UN Working Group on Strengthening the UN System and as India's representative on the United Nations Population Fund board. He earlier served as India's Ambassador to Japan, Venezuela, and Malaysia and as Permanent Representative to the UN in Geneva. As an independent consultant, he serves on a number of boards, including Khandwala Securities Bombay, Symbiosis International Education Society, and Indo-American Arts Council. Mr. Shah is a member of the Board of International Advisors of Sloan Global Consultants, Washington, DC; UPS Corporate Division, Washington, DC; and Dodsal Group, United Arab Emirates. With three and a half decades as an Indian diplomat, he has wide experience in political, economic, and petroleum issues. That experience includes commodity agreement negotiations with the EEC and petroleum and trade matters with OPEC countries. Valerie C. Spencer Valerie C. Spencer has 29 years of experience in philanthropy, primarily focused on issues relating to women, girls, and people with special needs. Ms. Spencer has been a board member of the Womens Foundation of Minnesota (WFMN) for the past five years, and chaired a successful $15 .9 million Endowment Campaign. She is also currently on the WFMNs grant making committee, and has been involved in sight visits and the stringent grantee selection process. Through her involvement, Ms. Spencer has become dedicated to systems change philanthropy and passionate about helping our diverse communities of women and girls. In the area of special needs, Ms. Spencer founded and co-chaired for 15 years the Special Needs Partnership Committee of the Orono School District in Minneapolis, MN, which brings together one professional and one parent of a special needs child from each of the districts 5 levels. She is currently an honorary board member of Arc Greater Twin Cities as well as a previous board member of St. Davids School for Child Development, an integrated pre-school, which she helped to raise $3.1 million in a capital campaign. Ms. Spencer has served on boards of Planned Parenthood, The Minneapolis YWCA and a womens shelter called The Hopkins Project. She is also currently the President of Broadwaters Foundation. Ms. Spencer is a graduate of Williams College and received her bachelors degree in Russian Area Studies. Ronda E. Stryker Ronda E. Strykers philanthropic interests are focused on the empowerment of women and support of non-traditional student enhancement programs at colleges and universities. Additionally, her charitable gifting seeks to assist the elimination of racism and sexism within our society. Ms Stryker received her bachelors degree in special education from the University

of Northern Colorado in 1976 and earned her masters degree in special education leadership from Western Michigan University in 1982. After graduation, Ms. Stryker taught in the special education department of the Kalamazoo Public Schools. While earning her masters degree, Ms. Stryker was an intern at Starr Commonwealth, a residential treatment center for boys in Michigan. After her graduate program, she became a Program Director for the Kalamazoo Intermediate School Districts Special Education Department. Ms. Stryker is also a Director of Stryker Corporation, Vice Chairman and Director of Greenleaf Trust, a Michigan Chartered Bank, Vice Chair of the Kalamazoo Community Foundation, and a member commissioner of the Michigan Womens Commissioner. She is a trustee at Kalamazoo College, in Michigan and Spelman College located in Atlanta and the Kalamazoo Juvenile Home Foundation. In addition to Corporate Director and non-profit leadership roles, Ms. Stryker is an accomplished calligraphy artist and photographer. She is an avid downhill skier and is a passionate fan of her childrens life and academic endeavors. Ms. Stryker resides in Portage, Michigan with her husband of 27 years, William D. Johnston and their three children, Michael, Megan and Annie. John F. Swift John F. Swift owns and operates a ranch along the Central Coast of California producing organic passion fruit, feijoas and horned melons along with grass fed beef. As President of Swift Development Inc. he invests in historic commercial buildings in San Francisco, Denver and Portland. Mr. Swift actively supports Rotary International being a member of the Arch C. Klumph society by funding a Peace and Conflict resolution scholar at U.C. Berkeley. He has served on the Board of World Neighbors and is currently a trustee with Conservation International. He lived and worked as a volunteer in Papua New Guinea in 1980-82 and recently helped launch Pathfinders work in PNG. Since the early seventies, Mr. Swift has been an advocate for womens right to choose and supporter of Planned Parenthood. With his involvement in several family foundations, he funds climate change, indigenous rights, biodiversity conservation and poverty programs. Alfred W. Tate Alfred W. Tate was Chief of Staff to The Honorable James A. Leach, Member of Congress, from 1980-2003. In this capacity, he provided policy analysis and advice to a progressive Republican Member of Congress of increasing seniority on a wide range of domestic, economic, national security, and international issues. He wrote Floor statements, committee testimony, speeches, newsletters, and correspondence on a similar range of issues. In addition, he supervised the staff in Washington and the District Congressional office in Iowa. Mr. Tate and Congressman Leach have been close friends since they were elementary school classmates and, thus, enjoyed an uncommon alliance throughout their careers. From 1983-1992, Mr. Tate was an Editorial Board Member and writer for The Ripon Forum, a bi-monthly journal of political commentary. In the 1970s, he was assistant to the president of the Minnesota Private College Fund, and teaching fellow and tutor at the Harvard College and Divinity School. Mr. Tate was a recipient of the Kent Fellowship from The Danforth Foundation, and won The Traveling Fellowship from Union Theological Seminary. A graduate of the United States Naval Academy, he served five years on active duty as an officer in the US Navy. Ralph S. Tate

Ralph S. Tate currently manages investment portfolios for high net worth individuals at Norwottuck View Investment Management, LLC. Mr. Tate received his MBA from Stanford University in 1971 and promptly began his professional career at Aetna Life and Casualty Company in Hartford, CT as an Equity Analyst. After several years as an Analyst and a Portfolio Manager, Mr. Tate assumed the role of President of Aetna Equity Investors in 1984 and remained there until 1990. After leaving Aetna, Mr. Tate was hired by renowned U.S. asset manager and Boston-based firm, Standish, Ayer & Wood as the Managing Director and President and CEO of Standish International Management Company and remained there through 2001. Mr. Tate currently serves on the Standish Mellon Advisory Board, the Investment Committees of the New England Baptist Hospital and the Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts, and serves as the Treasurer of Amherst Academy and of the Tunxis Club Board of Governors. Mr. Tate is an accredited Chartered Financial Analyst. June L. Tatelman June L. Tatelman was raised in New York City and received her degree in Education from Boston University. For over a decade, Ms. Tatelman worked as a counselor for both Planned Parenthood of Massachusetts and Preterm of Massachusetts. It was this commitment that drove her to develop and teach a health education program in the Sudbury, MA school system for over 13 years. During this time, she was also the chair person of the school committee at Temple Shir Tikvas in Wayland, MA. Ms. Tatelman is the founder and chair person of a Massachusetts based program called, Camp Miracles and Magic, which strives to provide a one of a kind camp experience to children affected and infected with HIV/AIDS. Additionally, she is working to broaden her focus and longstanding commitment to reproductive health and HIV/AIDS programs to include more globally minded initiatives in both South Africa and Uganda. Ms. Tatelman is presently training to become a Guardian ad Litem in the juvenile court system and actively supports various charitable organizations in the Boston area. George N. Todd George N. Todd attended Earlham College prior to serving in the infantry in Vietnam in 1969. While there he received the Bronze Star for Valor. Following his tour in Vietnam, he attended Kalamazoo Valley Community College and Western Michigan University with a focus in the Sciences. While attending college, he and his wife Clare, co-founded a business producing ornamental castings. In 1981 they sold their interest in the company and Mr. Todd joined the family business (founded by his father, Paul Todd, in 1956) and worked his way through manufacturing, eventually becoming President in 1998 and CEO and Chairman in 2007. Mr. Todd has five international patents to his name for both processes and the products produced using a unique method for the extraction of flavors and colors from spices. He founded the agricultural division of Kalsec in 1992 and has traveled abroad extensively to develop sources for spices used in the companys line of natural colors, flavors and antioxidants for the food, beverage and nutritional ingredient industries. Mr. Todds passions outside of work are sustainability, education, and family planning. He was Chairman of the Board of the Kalamazoo Nature Center, is actively involved in supporting sustainable agriculture and education with the EARTH University in Cost Rica, and his family has been a longtime supporter of Planned Parenthood and Pathfinder International. Mr. Todd and his wife, Clare, have two daughters and two grandchildren. They live in an earth sheltered, passive solar home in Kalamazoo, Michigan. He enjoys reading, bicycling, and scuba diving when he has time.

Roslyn M. Watson Roslyn M. Watson is the President and Founder of Watson Ventures. Her company has been investing in commercial and residential real estate projects in the Boston and Paris markets for the past 13 years. Ms. Watson began her tenure as an Advisory Board member for SBLI USA Mutual Life Insurance Company, Inc. in March 2006 and became a member of the Board of Directors of SBLI in March 2008. Ms. Watson has held a variety of positions in both the public and private sectors. As the General Manager for the Massachusetts Port Authority, she was responsible for leasing commercial properties held by Massport, for the construction and leasing of the Massachusetts Transportation Building at Park Plaza, and for the redevelopment of the historic Commonwealth Pier Five, which became the World Trade Center Boston. Ms. Watson was a Vice President at The Gunwyn Company, a real estate development firm in Cambridge Massachusetts, where she specialized in historic rehabilitation and reuse projects in the Boston and Washington, DC markets. Ms. Watson is one of eight founders of New England Women in Real Estate, and a Director at American Express Bank, FSB. She is a trustee of several organizations including the Dreyfus/Laurel Mutual Funds, and the Hyams Foundation. Until recently she was also a trustee of the National Osteoporosis Foundation in Washington, D.C. Ms. Watson's awards include the Woman of Achievement award from the Boston Big Sister Association, the Boston Black Achiever award from the Boston YMCA, and the Working Woman of the Year Award from Working Woman Magazine. Watson is a graduate of Simmons College. She has a master of science in management from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, where she was an Alfred P. Sloan Fellow

Emeritus Directors J. Bayard Boyle, Jr. J. Bayard Boyle, Jr. is Chairman of Boyle Investment Company, a prominent real estate development firm in Memphis, Tennessee. He was a member of the board of First Tennessee Bank, Memphis and served on the boards of Memphis Planned Parenthood, The Alan Guttmacher Institute, the Tennessee Nature Conservancy, and is currently a board member of Rhodes College and The Intercollegiate Studies Institute. Patricia J. Cooper Patricia J. Cooper has more than 30 years of private and public sector experience as a public policy analyst, strategic planner, entrepreneur, and civic leader. Ms. Cooper served for eight years as a senior executive appointee by two prime ministers of Canada to provide advice on the effects of legislation on women and children. The mayor of Calgary appointed her, as one of 11 citizens, to develop the economic strategic plan for the City of Calgary into the 21st Century; and she was appointed by the Calgary Police Commission to review policies and procedures of citizens complaints against police conduct. Ms. Cooper was a founding member of the Womens Legal Education and Action Fund to achieve equality for women through education and litigation under a new Canadian Constitution; and served on the Board of Directors of the YWCA of Canada, The United Way of Calgary, the Senate of the University of Calgary, and The Calgary Chamber of Commerce. Since moving to the United States in 1990, Ms. Cooper served as executive director of the Childrens Museum of Denver, where she directed the financial

turnaround of the museum with a focus on early childhood learning. She served as a Fellow at the Center for International Affairs at Harvard University in 2002-2003. In Denver, she serves on the Advisory Board for the Institute of International Education, and the Urgent Action Fund. Ms. Cooper serves on the Founding Board of ProgressNow, a grass roots progressive network; The Cloverleaf Foundation; and The Institute for Conflict Resolution. She also serves on the Leadership Council for Harvard Divinity School, and on the board of Arghand Trust, a farmer's cooperative based in Kandahar, Afghanistan. Ms. Cooper is a principal of Capital Sisters International, a microenterprise innovation. James R. Epstein James R. Epstein, grandson of Pathfinder International's founder, Dr. Clarence J. Gamble, is President and Chief Executive Officer of EFO Capital Management, his family's financial management and estate planning business based in Washington, DC. The company has a widely diversified investment horizon, but is currently focused on developing real estate. A proud father of two children, his other interests include building community, finding solutions to suburban sprawl, and supporting Waldorf Education, homebirth options, and alternative health modalities. Sarah G. Epstein Sarah G. Epstein, a daughter of Pathfinder International's founder, Dr. Clarence J. Gamble, has been an active member of the board of Planned Parenthood of Metropolitan Washington, DC (PPMW). A volunteer for PPMW, she has counseled women on the maternity wards at the District of Columbia General Hospital and has spoken to many groups, particularly adolescents, on family planning. Ms. Epstein is a former member of the board of the Population Institute, The Centre for Development and Population Activities, and of World Learning. She currently serves on the boards of the Federation for American Immigration Reform and Population Services International. She has traveled widely in developing countries. She and her husband, Donald Collins, founder of International Services Assistance Fund (ISAF) and their team have received permission for a Phase III trial of Quinacrine Sterilization (QS). It is underway in the US, India, Chile, Brazil, and Mexico. Ms. Epstein lectures on the artist, Edvard Munch, and shares her collection of his graphics with museums in the US and abroad. Henry W. Foster, Jr., MD Dr. Henry W. Foster, Jr., immediate past Chair of the Board of Directors and Executive Committee, is Professor Emeritus and former Dean of the School of Medicine, Vice President for Health Services, Meharry Medical College; Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University; and past chair of the US Committee for the United Nations Population Fund. Dr. Foster is a recognized national and international leader in medicine, family planning, and education. In 1988, he received the First White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities Faculty Award for Excellence in Science and Technology. While serving as Professor and Chairman of Meharrys Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Foster spent five years as Senior Program Consultant for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and directed its Program to Consolidate Health Services for High-Risk Young People. He developed the I Have A Future Program to reduce teen pregnancy, which was recognized by President George H. W. Bush in 1991 as one of the nations Thousand Points of Light. In May 1993, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences conferred upon him the first of six

honorary doctorate degrees. In 1995, Dr. Foster was nominated by President Clinton to become US Surgeon General. Although the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee sent forward a favorable recommendation for his confirmation, his opponents denied an up-or-down Senate floor vote. From 1996-2001, he served as President Clintons Senior Advisor on Teen Pregnancy Reduction and Youth Issues. Dr. Foster is a member in the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and serves on the boards of Drew University of Medicine and Science, the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and the Brush Foundation. He has served on the boards of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, The Alan Guttmacher Institute, and chaired the Board of Regents of the National Library of Medicine. Dr. Fosters numerous publications include his book, Make a Difference. Susan M. George, MD Dr. Susan M. George is a public health professional with years of experience at clinics and student health centers in New Mexico, Maine, and California. Currently, she is working at a women's health care clinic with primarily Spanish-speaking patients in the Mission district of San Francisco and providing primary care and family planning at the Planned Parenthood Golden Gate affiliate in California. Dr. George worked with the Portland, Maine Public Health Ryan White Program, and is a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians and of Physicians for Reproductive Choice and Health. Dr. George served on the board of Planned Parenthood of New Mexico and was part of a forum on emergency contraception at the University of New Mexico. She is the recipient of numerous academic honors and awards. Mary B. Hewlett Mary B. Hewlett was chair of the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of Pathfinder International for three years and served as president of the Boston Children's Service Association for over a decade. She now serves on the board of the merged agencies of Home for Little Wanderers and Boston Childrens Service Association, one of the largest child welfare agencies in the country. She also serves as treasurer of Boston Partners in Education. She is an activist, with the needs of children and women at the center of her concern. She has long been an advocate of reproductive freedom. Mrs. Hewlett also serves on some arts boards in the city, including Bostons Lyric Opera and Boston Baroque. In September 2006, she was honored by Opera Boston as an Arts and Social Activist. Denise E. Holmes, JD, MPH Denise E. Holmes, JD, MPH, is Assistant Vice President for Policy and Program at the Association of Academic Health Centers in Washington, DC. She has worked in health policy for more than a decade, and previously served on the staff of the White House Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Ms. Holmes also practiced law for several years, primarily in commercial litigation. In 2000, Ms. Holmes was an Atlantic Fellow in Public Policy, based at the European Centre on the Health of Societies in Transition (ECOHOST) at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. She is the author of numerous articles and books on a variety of health policy issues, including health professions education, health systems, global health, and biomedical ethics. Ms. Holmes has worked and traveled extensively in the former Soviet bloc nations. Julia G. Kahrl, PhD

Julia G. Kahrl, PhD, a daughter of Pathfinder's founder, Dr. Clarence J. Gamble, is a former freelance photographer, psychotherapist, and educator. She is currently involved with land conservation efforts in Maine. Dr. Kahrl has served on the board of the Kairos Foundation, La Leche League International, and a variety of other organizations. She has taught courses in human development and is the author of articles that have appeared in publications related to her interests. Susan C. Kirk Susan C. Kirk is chair of the Board of Regents of the University of Colorado and a business consultant for the Denver law firm Holme Roberts & Owen. She is an activist and long-term supporter of family planning. She has served as a member of many boards, including Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood, Denver Center Performing Arts Foundation, and the Paramount Theater Foundation. She served as president of Planned Parenthood of Seattle, King County, and as president of the Junior League of Seattle, King County. Ms. Kirk also served as Finance Chair and Project Director for Senator Timothy E. Wirth. She is presently chair of the Women's Business Development Committee, a governorappointed member of the Women's Economic Development Council, and a member of the Colorado Women's Forum. Kathryn H. Lansing Kathryn H. Lansing is a committed volunteer on reproductive health issues in the US and internationally. Ms. Lansing is vice-chair of the Board of Directors of the Lake County Community Foundation, an affiliate of the Chicago Community Trust, and is past board chair of Planned Parenthood of the Chicago Area. She was president of the Womens Board of Lake Forest College and worked as a paralegal in Philadelphia and Chicago. Ms. Lansing is highly committed to the family planning issue and has traveled extensively abroad. Mary D. Lindsay Mary D. Lindsay has been active in hospital and family planning efforts since 1950. She has been president of the boards of The Margaret Sanger Research Bureau; Planned Parenthood of New York City; and Family Planning Advocates, New York State. She was on the board of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and served or serves on the boards of many other charitable organizations, including Union Theological Seminary, Cold Spring Laboratory, and Columbia University School of Nursing. In 2003, she was designated the nursing school's Alumna of the Century. Ms. Lindsay has represented Pathfinder at United Nations forums in Amsterdam and The Hague in 1989 and 1999, respectively, and serves on the board of Americans for UNFPA. In October 2006, she received their Lifetime Achievement Award. Nafis Sadik, MD Dr. Nafis Sadik is Special Advisor to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and his Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Asia and the Pacific. Prior to becoming Special Advisor to the Secretary-General, Dr. Sadik was executive director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) from 1987-2000, with the rank of Under-Secretary-General. On her appointment to UNFPA in 1987, she became the first woman to head one of the UN's major voluntarily-funded programs. She acted as Secretary-General of the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994. Dr. Sadik was the first recipient of the Hugh Moore Award (1976) for her advocacy in population issues and was the recipient of the United Nations Population Award (2001) in the individual category. Her leadership in the field of reproductive

health and rights and her contributions to improving the health of women and children around the world, has brought Dr. Sadik many international awards and honors. Among her varied activities, Dr. Sadik is a member of the UN Secretary-General's High-Level Panel on Alliance of Civilizations; a member of the board of directors of the World Population Foundation, the United Nations Foundation, the International Women's University (Hannover, Germany), the Asia Society, the Center for Reproductive Rights; and a member of the Advisory Board of Society for the Promotion of Community Health, Education, and Training (Pakistan). Dr. Sadik's numerous publications are in the areas of reproductive health and family, population and development, women, and gender and development. Normand F. Smith, III, Esq. Normand F. Smith III, Esq. is a partner in the Boston, Massachusetts, law firm of Burns & Levinson LLP. He was chair of the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of Pathfinder International for 15 years, during which time he provided leadership to the organization as it moved from a budget of under $10 million to more than $50 million. He also was board chair when Pathfinder was selected by the United Nations to receive the UN Population Award in 1996. He has traveled widely in developing countries and has observed family planning projects and programs on three continents. Kathryn Ketcham Strong Kathryn Ketcham Strong is a community volunteer and long-time activist in womens reproductive rights and health care. Currently, she is active in the management of a property management/real estate investment company and, formerly, worked as a mental health intake worker/crisis counselor. Ms. Strong currently serves on the Board of Directors of Facing the Future: People and the Planet and served as its chair from 1998-2001. She also is a member of the Virginia Mason Hospital and Medical Center Board of Governors. Ms. Strong served on the Board of Directors of Planned Parenthood of Seattle-King County for 16 years, serving as board chair from 1994-1996. During that time, she oversaw the merger of the Western Washington affiliates initiative to secure reproductive rights for the women of Washington State. Ms. Strong also served on the Board of Directors of Seattle Mental Health Institute. Susan S. Swift, DPA (In Memoriam)

Joseph C. Wheeler Joseph C. Wheeler, in the course of a long career with USAID, headed field missions in Jordan and Pakistan and, in Washington, served as Assistant Administrator for the Near East and Deputy Administrator, retiring in 1982. He then was appointed Deputy Executive Director of the UN Environment Program (UNEP) from 1983-1985, followed by election to the Chairmanship of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD's) Development Assistance Committee (DAC) from 1986-1991. From 1991-1992, he worked on the preparation of the 1992 Earth Summit. After retiring in 1992, he undertook a number of international consultancies. Recently, he has been active in community affairs in Concord, Massachusetts, including especially the campaign to preserve the house in which Henry David Thoreau was born.

ABOUT US: Financial Information Pathfinder International has a long tradition of smart and effective financial stewardship. In FY 2010, eighty-eight cents of every dollar went directly to services in some of the world's poorest countries. This is just one of the reasons Pathfinder International has been listed and approved by several independent organizations that evaluate charities' fiscal and programmatic performance. American Institute of Philanthropy: Pathfinder receives an A grade and is a "Top-Rated Charity" that meets all standards set by the American Institute of Philanthropy. The BBB Wise Giving Alliance: Pathfinder International meets the BBB Wise Giving Alliances Standards for Charity Accountability. Charity Navigator: Pathfinder receives Charity Navigators highest rating for organizational efficiency. In FY 2010, Pathfinder International delivered sexual and reproductive health services valued at over $102.3 million dollars. We ended the year in strong financial condition, having added $1.5M million to unrestricted net assets. A deficit in temporarily restricted net assets arose when we delivered services funded by our very successful Make a Difference campaign. The deficit is evidence of fulfilled promise: campaign funds have been put to use around the world.

Pathfinder's 2010 990 is available online here. Our fiscal year 2010 audited financial report is available here. If you have questions about our financial information, please contact Pathfinder directly at [email protected].

REVENUES, GAINS & OTHER SUPPORT Grants and contracts Contributions Contributions in-kind Other TOTAL 91,653,157 3,898,930 3,516,647 222,437 $99,291,171

EXPENSES Program services Management and general Fundraising 90,077,014 10,621,041 1,600,723

TOTAL Operating deficit Non-operating gains Change in net assets for the year Net assets, beginning of year Net assets, end of year

$102,298,778 (3,007,607) 1,597,053 (1,410,554) $35,253,696 $33,843,142

The information presented here is drawn from Pathfinder Internationals financial statements, audited by Mayer Hoffman McCann PC. They are available from our headquarters upon request.

ABOUT US: Measuring Results Research and Metrics at Pathfinder

Pathfinder believes that high quality data lead to better programs, better accountability to donors, and a better understanding of "what works." Pathfinder programs aim to produce and use meaningful data to assure program quality and effectiveness, and to share insights from our work with the international public health community. Metrics are indispensable to Pathfinder programs. These standards of measurement enable us to determine how much progress projects have made and quantify evidence of what we have learned. Our Research and Metrics staff focus on building capacity for data-based evaluation for program learning, ensuring that the data Pathfinder programs collect are valid, reliable, and appropriate for their intended use. Pathfinder ensures that evidence for evaluation is available, stands up to scrutiny, and is understood by program staff, implementing partners, government counterparts and donors. In our definition, "data" are objective measurements obtained by applying rigorous quantitative and qualitative methods. Pathfinders Evaluation Strategy: Building a Chain of Evidence Pathfinders evaluation strategy is simple: follow the logic of the project to develop a chain of evidence.

We begin by periodically tracking output indicators to measure progress and completion of project activities. For example, did we train enough health workers to provide services in the facilities we support? Tracking outputs can tell us how efficiently the work plan is being implemented, and provide insight into how best to effectively manage the project. Next, we measure the direct effects of these activities, to assess whether they worked in the ways intended. For example, did training of providers result in improved skills, improve the quality of services they provide, and increase availability of the services? Effectiveness indicators can usually be measured at the point of service and so can also be tracked periodically. Finally, at the start of a project and again near the projects end, we measure indicators of the larger outcomes the project aims to change. Measures of these outcomes, such as contraceptive prevalence, are often collected in household surveys, among the people expected to benefit from the project. Outcome measures are important, because it is only by looking at changes in these measures that we learn whether a particular constellation of activities contributes to program objectives. Together these three sets of measures build a chain of evidence, establishing the plausible contribution of the project to observed changes or improvements in outcomes and, by extension, to achievement of the program goal. Each indicator in the chain is an essential component of project evaluation. We ensure a balance between counting outputs, measuring the direct effects of these outputs, and measuring the overall outcomes for program beneficiaries. Higher level impacts such as changes in mortality or fertility are affected by many factors outside the control of a program and often cannot be detected during the timespan of a single project. We do not usually attempt to measure these indicators of program goals, but instead try to balance what we might ideally measure with what is feasible to measure within the resources of the project. Performance Monitoring Pathfinder has an efficient, data-based system for monitoring project performance, capturing data at project level, and aggregating and interpreting it to assess progress of each country program as well as Pathfinders global portfolio. The system is built around Key Indicator Tables that are used by each Pathfinder project to compile and analyze quarterly progress against targets for performance indicators and permits managers to review program progress and make necessary adjustments based on quantitative data. Studies to Enhance Program Learning At Pathfinder, we conduct several types of research to enhance program learning:

evaluation researchdata-based evaluation operations research (assessing different ways to deliver services or solve programmatic problems), and studies designed to contribute to the evidence base for reproductive health programming Pathfinders Research and Metrics team is currently implementing a Board-funded research project, Strengthening the Evidence Base to Improve and Expand Reproductive Health Programs. Pathfinder is committed to enhancing program learning by sharing research results through our Research and Evaluation Working Papers and peer-reviewed journal articles, conference presentations and posters.

Staff Capabilities At headquarters, the five-member Research and Metric Units expertise lies in developing methods, measures and tools to collect data that are valid, reliable, and useful for monitoring performance and generating evidence to learn from our work. The team is multidisciplinary with training in sociology, demography, epidemiology, biostatistics and qualitative research methods.