Cambridge O Level

* 7 6 9 2 3 3 1 8 8 2 *

COMBINED SCIENCE 5129/21

Paper 2 October/November 2022

2 hours 15 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 100.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.

This document has 24 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

DC (EF/CB) 309727/4
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1 Many cells are specialised for particular functions.

Draw one straight line from each specialised cell shown on Fig. 1.1 to link it to its function.

specialised cell function

liver cell enzyme production

mesophyll cell alcohol breakdown

cell of pancreas glucose production

red blood cell antibody formation

root hair cell oxygen transport

white blood cell water absorption

Fig. 1.1
[5]

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows the apparatus used to separate a mixture of water and ethanol.

Ethanol has a boiling point of 78 °C.

Water has a boiling point of 100 °C.

Fig. 2.1

(a) (i) State the name of the separation process shown in Fig. 2.1.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the names of the pieces of apparatus A and B.

A ..................................................................

B ..................................................................
[2]

(iii) State the name of the first liquid that is collected in C.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State an industrial use of water.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Describe the movement and bunching of the particles in ice (solid water).

movement .................................................................................................................................

bunching ...................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 7]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows how the speed of a racing car increases with uniform acceleration.

70
speed 65
m/s 60 B
55
50
45
40
35
30 A
25
40 45 50 55 60 65
time / s

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) Calculate the change in the speed of the car as it moves from point A to point B.

.................................................. m / s [1]

(ii) Calculate the time taken by the car to move from point A to point B.

....................................................... s [1]

(iii) Use your answers in (a)(i) and (a)(ii) to calculate the acceleration of the car.

Use the equation:

change in speed
acceleration = time taken .

acceleration = ................................................ m / s2 [1]

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(b) The car has a mass of 725 kg.

Use your answer to (a)(iii) to calculate the force accelerating the car.

force = ..................................................... N [2]

(c) One force acting on the car is from the engine.

State one other force acting on the car.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 6]

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4 (a) The sentences in the box in Fig. 4.1 describe the feeding relationships between four
organisms.

Eagles obtain their energy from sparrows.

An oak tree carries out photosynthesis.

Sparrows are carnivores.

Caterpillars are herbivores.

Fig. 4.1

Use the information in the box to draw a food chain containing these four organisms.

(Do not draw pictures of the organisms.)

[3]

(b) Explain why both animals and plants are dependent on photosynthesis.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

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5 Fig. 5.1 shows the reactions that take place in a blast furnace during the extraction of iron.

reaction 1 carbon + oxygen carbon dioxide

reaction 2 carbon dioxide + carbon carbon monoxide

reaction 3 carbon monoxide + iron oxide carbon dioxide + iron

Fig. 5.1

(a) (i) State the name of a substance in Fig. 5.1 that is oxidised.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Reaction 1 is an exothermic reaction.

State the meaning of ‘exothermic’.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Construct a balanced symbol equation for reaction 2.

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) State the name of an ore that contains iron oxide.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) The iron produced in reaction 3 is brittle and not very strong.

Describe one way that the properties of the iron can be changed.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 6]

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6 A 1.7 kg mass is placed at one end of a beam resting on a pivot, as shown in Fig. 6.1.

0.24 m

1.7 kg
beam

pivot

Fig. 6.1

(a) Calculate the moment of the 1.7 kg mass about the pivot.
Give your answer in Nm.

Gravitational field strength g = 10 N / kg.

moment = .................................................. Nm [3]

(b) The 1.7 kg mass has a density of 6800 kg / m3.

Calculate the volume of the 1.7 kg mass.

volume = .................................................... m3 [2]

(c) The beam shown in Fig. 6.1 is balanced.

Explain why it is balanced, in terms of moments.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 6]

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7 A list of words and phrases about blood vessels is shown.

away from carbon dioxide higher lower

oxygen thicker thinner towards

Complete the sentences using words or phrases from the list.

Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(a) The wall of a vein is ..................................... than the wall of an artery. [1]

(b) Veins carry blood ..................................... the heart. [1]

(c) The blood in most veins contains more ..................................... than the blood in arteries. [1]

(d) The blood in an artery is at a ..................................... pressure than blood in a vein. [1]

[Total: 4]

8 The following is a list of substances.

argon ethane ethene helium magnesium

mild steel nitrogen oxygen stainless steel zinc

Use the list to complete the following sentences.

Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(a) The substance that is used to make plastic for plastic bags is

............................................................................................................................................ . [1]

(b) The substance that is used to make cutlery is

............................................................................................................................................ . [1]

(c) The inert substance that is used to fill balloons is

............................................................................................................................................ . [1]

(d) The substance that is used to make brass is

............................................................................................................................................ . [1]

(e) The substance that makes up 78% of the atmosphere is

............................................................................................................................................ . [1]

[Total: 5]

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9 In an investigation, three female students and three male students measure their heart rate first
when they are resting and again immediately after exercise.

Their results are shown in Fig. 9.1.

150
key
140
resting
130 after
exercise
120

110

100

90

80
heart rate
beats / min
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1 2 3 4 5 6

female male

Fig. 9.1

(a) (i) State the heart rate of student female 2 when resting.

......................................... beats / min [1]

(ii) State which student has the largest increase in heart rate during this investigation.

student ........................................................................................................................ [1]

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(b) Suggest one way in which this investigation can be changed to make the results more
reliable.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Suggest why the heart rate increases during exercise.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 6]

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10 A student investigates the extension of a spring.

(a) She adds a load of 9.0 N to the spring and she calculates an extension of 7.0 cm.

Mark a cross (x) on Fig. 10.1 to plot this point and draw a straight line from the origin (0, 0) to
the plotted point.

16.0

14.0

12.0
extension / cm
10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
load / N

Fig. 10.1
[2]

(b) The load is removed and the spring returns to its original length.

The student then adds a load of 12.0 N to the spring.

Determine the extension of the spring with a load of 12.0 N.

extension = .................................................... cm [1]

(c) Suggest one assumption that you made when determining your answer to (b).

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 4]

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11 Fig. 11.1 shows the structure of ethanol.

H H

H C C O H

H H

Fig. 11.1

(a) Deduce the formula of ethanol.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Ethanol is used as a fuel.

State one other use of ethanol.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Fig. 11.2 shows one process and two reactions involving ethanol.

glucose ethene

process A reaction B

ethanol + carbon dioxide ethanol

reaction C

ethanoic acid

Fig. 11.2

(i) State the names of process A and reaction B.

process A ..........................................................................................................................

reaction B ..........................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Describe a test and the result of the test that shows an acid is produced in reaction C.

test ....................................................................................................................................

result .................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total 6]

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12 A smoke detector contains an electric circuit and a radioactive source.

The circuit is shown in Fig. 12.1.

alarm
+ –

charged plate charged plate

emissions from radioactive

radioactive source source

Fig. 12.1

Emissions from the radioactive source give a charge to the air particles between the charged
plates.

The charged air particles then move towards the charged plates.

Electric charge is transferred between the plates and through the wires in the circuit.

(a) (i) Identify the energy store in the radioactive source. Tick (3) one box.

chemical

electrical

kinetic

nuclear

sound
[1]

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(ii) Identify the energy gained by the air particles. Tick (3) one box.

chemical

electrical

kinetic

nuclear

sound
[1]

(iii) Identify the type of energy store in the battery in the circuit. Tick (3) one box.

chemical

electrical

kinetic

nuclear

sound
[1]

(b) The smoke detector contains a battery with an e.m.f. of 9.0 V.

In normal use, a charge of 4.1 C moves through the circuit in one hour.

(i) Calculate the current in the circuit.

current = ...................................................... A [3]

(ii) Show that the battery produces approximately 1.0 × 10–2 W of electrical power.

[2]

[Total:8]
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13 (a) Asexual reproduction produces offspring from one parent.

Sexual reproduction produces offspring from two parents.

State one other difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 13.1 shows the female reproductive system as seen from the front.

Fig. 13.1

Complete Table 13.1 by inserting the name and one function for each of the structures A, B,
C and D indicated on Fig. 13.1.

One structure and one function have been done for you.

Table 13.1

name of structure one function of structure

A oviduct
...................................................................

B
........................... ...................................................................

C
........................... ...................................................................

D allows the baby to pass out of the body

...........................
[6]

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(c) State the name of one mechanical and one surgical method of birth control used by a man.

mechanical method ..................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

surgical method ........................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 9]

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14 Fig. 14.1 shows the electronic structure of an element in the Periodic Table.

(a) (i) Deduce the group number and period number for this element.

group number ....................................................................................................................

period number ...................................................................................................................

[2]

Fig. 14.1

(ii) State the charge on the ion formed by this element.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Define the meaning of the term ‘isotopes’.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

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15 Two charged insulating spheres, A and B, are at rest on a smooth insulating surface.

(a) Complete Fig. 15.1 to show the equal and opposite charge on sphere B.

sphere A
sphere B
_
_ _
_
smooth insulating surface

Fig. 15.1
[1]

(b) Sphere A and sphere B are still charged. A charged object C is placed near to sphere A.

This causes sphere A to move to the left and sphere B to move to the right as shown in
Fig. 15.2.

sphere A sphere B
charged object C

Fig. 15.2

Deduce the type of charge on object C and explain why the spheres move apart.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 4]

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16 (a) Draw three straight lines on Fig. 16.1, from the box on the left to different boxes on the right,
to make three correct statements about the alimentary canal.

… amylase digests fat.

… peristalsis occurs.

… fibre is digested in
the colon.

In the alimentary canal, …

… digestion is
extra-cellular.

… digested food is
absorbed by osmosis.

… teeth chew food.

Fig. 16.1
[3]

(b) The stomach contains hydrochloric acid.

State the effect of hydrochloric acid on amylase.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 4]

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17 Respiration and complete combustion of methane are two sources of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.

The symbol equations for the reactions in these two processes are shown.

respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

complete combustion of methane CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

(a) (i) State the test and the result of the test that shows carbon dioxide is produced in each of
these reactions.

test ....................................................................................................................................

result .................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Describe two other similarities between respiration and complete combustion of
methane.

similarity 1 .........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

similarity 2 .........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Incomplete combustion of methane produces carbon monoxide.

State an adverse effect of carbon monoxide.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 5]

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18 Fig. 18.1 shows the apparatus used to induce and measure an e.m.f. (electromotive force) across
a wire.

wire instrument Z

magnets

Fig. 18.1

(a) (i) Instrument Z measures the induced e.m.f.

State the name of instrument Z.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Describe how the apparatus in Fig. 18.1 is used to induce the e.m.f. across the wire.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe how the poles of the magnets in Fig. 18.1 must be arranged so that an e.m.f.
can be induced across the wire.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State two factors that affect the size of the induced e.m.f.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 5]

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© UCLES 2022 5129/21/O/N/22

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

© UCLES 2022
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
24

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

5129/21/O/N/22
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).