APPLIED MATHEMATICS

MCD1230

SOLUTIONS

Sample Exam

Page 1 of 14
 SECTION A – Short Answer Questions
Marks for this Section: 60.
Answer each question in the space provided. Show all working and calculations.

Question 1
 5
The points with coordinates (1, −1) and  0, −  lie on a curve which has rule of the
 2
a
form y = +c.
( x + b)
2

a
a) If the graph of y = + c has a vertical asymptote at x = 2 determine
( x + b)
2

the values of a, b and c .

[3 marks]

Since x = 2 is a vertical asymptote, b = −2 [1 mark]

Since (1, −1) lies on the curve,

a
−1 = +c
(1 − 2 )
2

 a + c = −1 → (1) [0.5 mark]

 5
Since  0, −  lies on the curve,
 2
5 a
− = +c
2 ( 0 − 2 )2
 a + 4c = −10 → (2) [0.5 mark]
Solving (1) and ( 2 ) we get
c = −3 and a = 2 [0.5 + 0.5mark]

a
b) Find the x -axis intercepts and then sketch the graph of y = + c in the
( x + b)
2

set of axes given below.

[3 marks]
2
−3 = 0
( x − 2)
2

2
 ( x − 2) =
2
[0.5 mark]
3
2
 x = 2 [0.5 mark]
3

Page 2 of 14
[1 mark for the correct shape and 0.5 mark for each asymptote: Total 2 marks]

Question 2
a) Using the method of completing the square find the coordinates of the
turning point and the equation of the axis of symmetry of y = 3 x 2 − 7 x − 2 .
[3 marks]
y = 3x 2 − 7 x − 2
 7 2
= 3  x2 − x −  [0.5 mark]
 3 3
 7   49 2  
2

= 3  x −  −  +   [1mark]
 6   36 3  

2
 7  73
= 3 x −  −
 6  12
 7 73 
Turning point  , −  [1mark]
 6 12 
7
Axis of symmetry x = [0.5mark]
3

Page 3 of 14
 b) Use the simplified result of y = 3 x 2 − 7 x − 2 in part (a) to determine the exact
location of x -axis intercept and also find the y -axis intercept.
[2 marks]
x -axis intercept
2
 7  73
3 x −  − = 0
 6  12
2
 7  73
 x−  = [0.5 mark]
 6  36
7 73
x=  [0.5 mark]
6 6
y -axis intercept
y = −2

[1 mark for the correct graph]

Page 4 of 14
Question 3

4x − 2  2x = 8

(2 ) − 2 2 = 8
2 x x

(2 ) − 2 2 = 8
x 2 x

(2 ) − 2 2 − 8 = 0
x 2 x
1 mark 
( 2 + 2 )( 2 − 4 ) = 0
x x
1 mark 

2x + 2 = 0 2x − 4 = 0
2 x = −2 2x = 4 1 mark 
no solution =2 2

x=2 1 mark 

Question 4

1
a) If the graph of f ( x ) = 2 log e ( x + b ) + 1 intercept the x -axis at x = 3 + ,
e
find the value of b .
[2 marks]
 1 
2 log e  3 + + b  +1 = 0 [0.5 mark]
 e 
1
1 − 1
 3+ +b = e 2 = [1mark]
e e
 b = −3 [0.5 mark]

b) Use the value of b that you have found in part (a) to find the equation of the
inverse function f −1 ( x ) of f ( x ) = 2 log e ( x + b ) + 1 and state its domain and
range.
[3 marks]

Page 5 of 14
 y = 2 log e ( x − 3) + 1
 2 log e ( y − 3) + 1 = x [0.5 mark]
 x −1 
 
y= f −1
( x) = 3 + e  2 
[1.5 marks]
Domain ( f −1 ) = [0.5 mark]
Range ( f −1 ) = ( 3,  ) [0.5 mark]

c) Sketch the graph of f ( x ) and f −1 ( x ) in the same set of axes. Label the axes
intercepts and asymptotes.
[3 marks]

1
x and y axes intercepts of f ( x ) and f −1 ( x ) is 3 + .
e

[1 mark for each correct graph and 0.5 for each asymptote: Total 3 marks]

Question 5
 
For function f ( x) = 2sin  3 x −  , for x  0,   .
 2

Page 6 of 14
 a) Specify all transformations required for the graph from the graph f ( x) = sin x .

[1.5 marks]

1
Dilation of factor from y axis and of factor 2 from x axis [0.5+0.5 mark]
3

Translation of units in the positive direction of x axis [0.5 mark]
6

b) Sketch the graph of f ( x ) . Clearly show ( x, y ) coordinates of x and y axes

intercepts along with the first and the last point on the graph.
[3.5 marks]

x -axis intercept at /6, /2, 5/6

[0.5 mark for each value: Total 1.5 marks]

[1 marks for the correct graph and 1 for locating axial intercepts]

Page 7 of 14
Question 6
log e ( 5 x )
Use appropriate techniques to find the derivative of y = .
sin ( x 2 )
[2 marks]
log e ( 5 x )
y=
sin ( x 2 )

sin ( x 2 ) − 2 x cos ( x 2 ) log e ( 5 x )

1
dy x
= [2 marks]
dx sin 2 ( x 2 )

Question 7

The tangent to the curve y = x at a point ( a, b ) is given by 6 y − x + c = 0

a) Find the values of a, b and c .

[3 marks]
y= x
dy 1
= [0.5 mark]
dx 2 x
1 c 1
y = x− m= [0.5 mark]
6 6 6
dy 1 1
at ( a, b ) , = = [0.5 mark]
dx 2 a 6
a=9 [0.5 mark]
b=3 [0.5 mark]
 c = −9 [0.5 mark]
b) Find the equation of the normal at the contact point ( a, b ) .

[1 mark]

y − 3 = −6 ( x − 9 )
y = −6 x + 57 [1mark]

Page 8 of 14
Question 8
Find the area enclosed by y = x 2 , 4 x + y = 4 and the x -axis. [Hint: You may sketch
the region]
[4 marks]

y = x2 , 4 x + y = 4
x2 + 4x − 4 = 0 [0.5 mark]
−4  16 + 16
x= = −2  2 2 [0.5 mark]
2

2 ( 2 −1) 1
A=  x dx +  ( −4 x + 4 )dx
2
[1mark]
0 2 ( 2 −1)
2( 2 −1)
 x3  1
=  +  4 x − 2 x 2  [1mark]
2( 2 −1)
 3 0
1
(( )) (( ) ( ))
3 2
= 2 2 −1 + 2 − 8 2 −1 − 2 −1 [1mark]
3

Page 9 of 14
 SECTION B – Analysis Questions
Marks for this Section: 20.
Answer each question in the space provided. Show all working and calculations.

Question1

The number of birds in a jungle is modelled by n ( t ) = A (1 − e− kt ) , where n is the size

of the population at time t years and A and k are positive real numbers.

a) If n ( 2 ) = 1000 and n ( 4 ) = 1500 , find the exact values of A and k .

[5 marks]
n ( t ) = A (1 − e − kt )
1000 = A (1 − e − k 2 ) → (1) [0.5 mark]
1500 = A (1 − e − k 4 ) → (2) [0.5 mark]

(2) / (1) 
(1 − e ) = 3 −k 4

[0.5 mark]
(1 − e ) 2 −k 2

 2 (1 − e ) − 3 (1 − e ) = 0
−k 4 −k 2

 (e ) − 3(e ) + 2 = 0
2k 2 2k
[0.5 mark]
 ( e − 1)( e − 2 ) = 0
2k 2k
[0.5 mark]
 e2 k = 2 , e2 k = 1 [0.5 mark]
 k = log e ( 2) ( k  0) [0.5 mark]

From (1) 1000 = A 1 − e ( −2log e ( 2)

) [0.5 mark]

 log e   
1
A
 1000 = A 1 − e  2   = [0.5 mark]
  2
 
 A = 2000 [0.5 mark]

Page 10 of 14
b) After how many years is the number of birds 1750?
[3 marks]
n ( t ) = 2000 1 − e ( − log e ( 2 )t
)
(
2000 1 − e
− log e ( 2 )t
) = 1750 [0.5 mark]

− log e ( 2 )t 1750 7
 1− e = = [0.5 mark]
2000 8
− log e ( 2 )t 1
e = [0.5 mark]
8
 − log e ( 2 ) t = log  18  e [0.5 mark]

log e ( 8 )
t = =6 [1mark]
log e ( 2)
c) Sketch the graph of n against t .
[2 marks]

[1 mark for the correct graph and 1 for the asymptote: Total 2 marks]

Page 11 of 14
Question 2

A steel storage tank for propane gas is to be constructed in the shape of a right
circular cylinder with a hemisphere at each end. Suppose the cylinder has length h
and radius r meters.

a) If the desired capacity of the tank is 10 m 3 , show that 3r 2 h = 30 − 4r 3 .

[2 marks]

4
V =  r 2h +  r 3 [1mark]
3
4
 r 2 h +  r 3 = 10
3
 3r h = 30 − 4r 3
2
[1mark]

b) If the cost per square meter of constructing the cylindrical piece is $c and the
cost per square meter of constructing end pieces is $2c,
 16 20 
Show that the total cost of constructing the tank is   r 2 + c
 3 r 
[Note: Surface area of a sphere is 4 r 2 ]

[3 marks]

Surface area A = 4 r 2 + 2 rh [1mark]

Cost C = 4 r 2 2c + 2 rhc [0.5 mark]
  30 − 4r 3  
=  8 r 2 + 2 r  2 c [1mark]
  3 r 
 16 20 
=   r2 + c [0.5 mark]
 3 r 

Page 12 of 14
 c) Determine the dimensions h and r which minimizes the cost of construction.
[5 marks]

dC 32 r 20
= − 2 [1mark]
dr 3 r
dC
= 0 when C has a maximum/minimum [0.5 mark]
dr
32 r 20
 − 2 =0
3 r
15
 r3 = [1mark]
8
3
15
r= [0.5 mark]
2
d 2C 32 40
= + 3 0 [1mark]
dr 2 r=
3
15 3 r r=
3
15
2 2

3
15
 C has a minimum when r =
2
15
30 − 4 
h = 8 = 30 [1mark]
2 2
15 3 15 3
3
4

Question 3
ln ( 2 )
dy
a) If y = xe find  xe x dx .
x
and hence find
dx 0

[3 marks]
y = xe x

dy
= xe x + e x [1mark]
dx
 dy dx = xe x dx + e x dx

 dx   [0.5 mark]

 xe dx = y − e
x x
= e x ( x − 1) + c [0.5 mark]
log e ( 2 )
log e ( 2 )
 xe x dx = e x ( x − 1) + c 
0
0

= 2 log e ( 2 ) − 1 = log e ( 4 ) − 1 [1mark]

Page 13 of 14
 dy
b) Find , if y = xenx , n .
dx
[1 mark]
dy
= nxenx + enx = enx ( nx + 1) [1mark]
dx

c) Let I n =  xenx dx . Use the result is part (b) or other method to show that

e nx ( nx − 1)
In = .
n2
[4 marks]
dy
= nxe nx + e nx
dx
 dy dx = nxe nx dx + e nx dx

 dx   [1mark]

e nx
 n  xe nx dx = y − [1mark]
n
nxe − e nx e ( nx − 1)
nx nx

  xe nx dx = = [1mark]
n2 n2
e nx ( nx − 1)
 In = [1mark]
n2

ln ( 2 )

d) Hence evaluate 0
xe5 x dx . Leave your answer in exact form.

[2 marks]
I 5 =  xe5 x dx [0.5 mark]
e5 x ( 5 x − 1)
= [0.5 mark]
25
ln ( 2 ) log e ( 2 )
 e5 x ( 5 x − 1) 
  xe dx = 
5x

0  25 0

=
1
25
(
32 ( log e ( 32 ) − 1) + 1 ) [1mark]

Page 14 of 14