Nostocales (New Delhi)

International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research
IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Genus Arthrospira, Spirulina, Oscillatoria, Crinalium and

Phormidium of Nostocales from Sakri and Navapur,
Maharashtra (India)
Jaiswal A.G.
Arts, Commerce and Science College Navapur;
Dist. Nandurbar 425 418 Maharashtra (India)
ABSTRACT
During the study of systematic account Nostocales of Sakri and Navapur taluka, district Dhule and Nandurbar
respectively, Maharashtra the author collected fifty eight taxa belonging to five genera. Oscillatoria Vaucher is a
dominant genus followed by Phormidium Kutz. And Spirulina Turpin et. Gardner while Crinalium Crow is represented
by three taxa and Arthrospira Kutz. is a monotypic.
Out of fifty eight taxa Oscillatoria cruenta Grun. And Crinalium endophyticum Crow, are first time recorded from
India. Three taxa from genus Oscillatoria Vaucher are new record for Maharashtra while six taxa from genus
Oscillatoria Vaucher, and one texa each from genus Spirulina Turpin et. Gardner and Phormidium Kutz. was recorded
second time from Maharashtra.
These genus of Nostocales from this region have not been studied earlier. This is the first ever attempt to explore,
enumerate and taxonomically evaluate the algal components of the area. Distribution of the taxa in India has been
discussed. The quantitative availability of species is also noted.
Key words: Nostocales, Systematic account, Sakri, Navapur.
INTRODUCTION
The good deal of literature is now available on Indian Nostocales – Ashtekar and Kamat (1980), Anand
and Subramanian (1994), Anand and Hooper (1995), Anand (1975, 1980), Angadi (1990), Barhate and Tarar
(1983), Bruhl and Biswas (1922,1922a, 1926), Bilgrami (1991), Banerji (1938), Bongale and Bharati (1980),
Bhoge and Raghotaman (1986), Bendre and Kumar (1975), Biswas (1925, 1926, 1934, 1942), Chatterjee and
Mohanty (1990), Chaturvedi and Habib (1995), Chatterjee and Chaudhary (1980), Chaturvedi and Pandey
(1976), Compere (1983), Chaporkar and Gangwane (1984), Desikachary (1959), Dixit (1936), Dominic and
Madhusoodanan (1999), Gonzalves and Gangla (1949), Govindan (1990), Gupta and Nair (1962), Goyal et.al.
(1984), Gonzalves and Joshi (1943, 1946), Grover and Pandhol (1975), Gupta (1957, 1965), Gupta and Shukla
(1994), Jha et.al. (1986), Jayaswal and Ragothaman (1993), Kamat and Patel (1973), Khan (1985), Kamat
(1962-63, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1974), Kant and Gupta (1998), Khan and Rawat (1972), Kohli et.al.
(1994), Kolte and Goyal (1985), Kumar (1970), Kumar and Shah (1993), Kaushik (1992), Marathe (1964),
Mahajan and Mahajan (1990), Maity and Santra (1985), Mohanty (1984), Marathe and Sontakke, 1977),
Nandkar et.al. (1983), Marathe (1962-63, 1966-67), Marathe and Anantani (1972), Mitra (1951), Nandan and
Borse (1996), Mukhopadhyay and Chatterjee (1981), Mitra and Purohit (1978), Pandey (1965, 1982), Prasad
et.al. (1986, 1998), Pal (1975), Pandey and Pandey (1982), Pal and Santra (1982, 1985), Panchol and Grover
(1976), Pal and Yadav (1974), Pandhol and Grover (1976), Parukutty (1940), Prasad and Mehrotra, (1979,
1980), Patil and Satav (1986), Prasad and Srivastav (1986), Pandey and Chaturvedi (1978), Prasad et. al.
(1986), Hegde and Bharati (1983), Roy and Sen (1985), Rao (1937, 1938), Rao and Patnik (1975), Reddy
et.al. (1986), Somasshekar (1983, 1984), Sinha and Mukherjee (1975), Shrivastava and Singh (1995),
Srivastava and Nigam (1980), Somashekar and Ramaswamy (1983), Sabata and Nayar (1995), Sarma and
Kant (1978), Sen and Gupta (1998), Shaji and Panikar (1994), Singh et.al. (1970), Sarma and Naik (1996),
129 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Srivastava and Odhwani (1993), Salam and Khan (1978), Sabata and Nayar (1995), Thomas and Gonzalves
(1956, 1965, 1965a, b, c), Tiwari (1972), Tarrar and Shewale (1984), Tarar et.al. (1993), Trivedy (1982),
Singh (1941), Singh et.al. (1997), Subba Raju (1972), Sankaran (1984), Srinivasan (1963), Santra (1990),
Schmidle (1900), Sarma et. al. (1985), Verma et.al. (1990), Vasishta (1960). No information exists on these
genus of Nostocales from Sakri and Navapur taluka. Fifty eight taxa belonging to five genera collected from
different places. Out of 58 taxa two are reported for the first time from India, three taxa are new to
Maharashtra and eight taxa has been reported second time from Maharashtra.
MATERIALS AND METHOD

During study of algal flora of this region the survey of Nostocales was carried out from December 1990
to January 1992 and March 1998 to March 1999. The collections were made at every fortnight from all
possible places. The materials were preserved in 4 % formaldehyde.
The Nostocales were identified with the help of available publications and monograph i.e. Anand
(1990), Anand and Hooper (1995), Biswas (1926, 1980), Bruhl and Biswas (1924, 1926, 1992), Compere
(1983, 1984), Crow (1927), Desikachary (1959), Das and Peters (1990), Ghose (1923, 1925), Holsinger
(1954), Kamat (1963), Kant and Gupta (1998), Parukutty (1940), Prasad et. al. (1986), Rao (1936, 1937,
1938a, 1938b), Smith (1950), Shaji and Panikar (1994), Singh et. al. (1970), West (1907) etc.
Distribution of the taxa in India has been studied with the available literature. The
quantitative availability of species is also noted. For quantitative abundance abbreviations are used as: C-
common; RC- rather common; VC- very common; R- rare; RR- rather rare; VVR- very very rare; VVVR-
very very very rare.
SYATEMATIC ACCOUNT
NOSTOCALES Geitler
OSCILLATORIACEAE Kirchner
ARTHROSPIRA
Arthrospira blkrishnanii Kamat
Observed trichomes 4 µ broad; cells 1.2 µ long; spirals 6 µ broad; distance between the two consecutive
spirals 13 µ
Habitat: On a moist soil in forest and soil algae forming a mat in botanical garden (A)
CBN: 174 and 185 (Kondaibari and Navapur: 01/08/2013 and 28/08/2013)
SPIRULINA Turpin et. Gardner
Spirulina meneghiniana Zanard ex. Gomont.
Observed breadth of trichomes 1.2 µ; spirals 2 µ broad; distance between the spirals 2 µ
Habitat: In a pond (A)
CBN: 50 (Dusane: 29/09/2013)
Spirulina laxissima West G.S.
Observed breadth of trichome 0.8 µ; spirals 5.2 µ broad, 22 µ distant from each other
Habitat: Plank tonic in a small pond (A)
CBN: 143 (Pimpalner: 05/07/2013)
Spirulina laxissima West G.S. form major Desikachary
Observed breadth 1.3 µ
Habitat: In road side rain water pool (A)
CBN: 232 (Vadphali: 04/10/2013)
130 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Distribution: Second record for Maharashtra

Spirulina subtilissima Kutz. Ex. Gomont.
Observed breadth of trichome 0.8 µ; distance between the spirals 2 µ
Habitat: Road side ditch (A)
CBN: 130 (Dusane: 02/07/2013)
Spirulina major Kutz. Ex. Gomont.
Trichome 1.2-1.7 µ broad, regularly spirally coiled, blue-green, spirals 2.5-4 µ broad and 2.7-5 µ distant
Habitat: Floating on water surface in road side ditch (A)
CBN: 320 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Spirulina princeps W et. G.S.West
Observed breadth 0.5 µ; spirals 7-10 µ. The species is highly variable
Habitat: Road side ditch (A)
CBN: 130 (Dusane: 02/07/2013)
OSCILLATORIA Vaucher
Oscillatoria annae Van Goor
Observed breadth of cells 7.5 µ; length 3.5 µ
Habitat: Road side ditch (C)
CBN: 320 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Oscillatoria vizagapatensis Rao C.B.
Cells 1.6-2 µ long
Habitat: Submerged in stagnant water (VC)
CBN: 213 (Nagziri Dam: 03/10/2013)
Oscillatoria ornata Kutetz. E. Gomont var. crassa Rao.C.B.
Observed breadth of trichome 11.75 µ; length of cells 3.75 µ
Habitat: Attached to submerged vegetation in pond (R)
CBN: 133 (Samode: 05/07/2013)
Oscillatoria limosa Ag. ex. Gomont
Observed breadth of trichome 13 µ; cells 4-8 µ long
Habitat: On a moist soil near river and inside stream (A)
CBN: 19 and 146 (Navagaon and Gangapur: 10/03/2013 and 07/04/2013)
Oscillatoria obscura Bruhl et. Biswas
Observed length 4.5 µ; breadth 2.5 µ
Habitat: Attached to rock in stream (VC)
CBN: 19 (Navagaon: 10/03/2013)
Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle
Observed breadth of trichome 8.4 µ; cells 1.4 µ long. The present form shows more resembles with Dixit
(1936) than Desekachary’s (1959) form.
Habitat: On moist soil on bank of river (RC)
CBN: 18 (Navagaon: 10/03/2013)
131 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Oscillatoria bharadwajae Kamat

Observed diameter of trichome 36 µ; cells 5-6 µ long
Habitat: Soil algae, forming a mat in botanical garden (VC)
CBN: 185 (Navapur: 28/08/2013)
Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex. Gomont
Habitat: On a moist soil near river and in a stream (VC)
Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex. Gomont. var. pseudolimosa Ghose
Habitat: Free floating on a water surface of road side ditch (VC)
CBN: 291 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Oscillatoria gamdiensis Mahajan et. Patel
Trichomes 26 µ broad; cells 3 µ long
Habitat: Submerged in stream (RC)
CBN: 146 (Gangapur: 07/04/2013)
Distribution: First record for Maharashtra
Oscillatoria laete-virens (Crouan) Gomont
Observed length 2 µ; breadth 4 µ
Habitat: on mud (A)
CBN: 56 (Nacktya Bandhara: 29/09/2013)
Oscillatoria chlorina Kutz. Ex. Gomont
Observed length 3.8 µ; breadth 4 µ
Habitat: In muddy water pool (C)
CBN: 153 (Sakri: 01/10/2013)
Oscillatoria terebriformis Ag. ex. Gomont
Oscillatoria chalybea (Mertens) Gomont
Cells 3.6-8 µ long
Habitat: Submerged in road side rain water ditch (C)
CBN: 102 (Chinchpada: 01/10/2013)
Oscillatoria chalybea (Mertens) Gomont var. insularis Gardner
Habitat: In waste water passage (C)
CBN: 191 (Vadphali: 04/10/2013)
Oscillatoria foreaui Fremy
Habitat: In stagnant water (A)
CBN: 19 (Navagaon: 10/03/2013)
132 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Oscillatoria mougeottii Kutz.

Observed breadth 6 µ
Habitat: Attached on submerged rocks (VC)
CBN: 45 (Visarwadi: 27/09/2013)
Oscillatoria tenuis Ag. ex. Gomont
Habitat: In muddy water pool (RC)
CBN: 153 (Sakri: 01/10/2013)
Oscillatoria raoi De Toni J.
Observed breadth of cells 5.5 µ; length 5 µ
Habitat: Attached on rock in streamlet (VC)
CBN: 135 (Samode: 26/03/2013)
Oscillatoria simplicissima Gomont
Observed length 11 µ; breadth 4.5 µ
Habitat: Attached on rock in running water (VC)
CBN: 70 (Rangawali Dam: 28/11/2013)
Oscillatoria irrigua (Kutz.) Gomont
Habitat: In a pond in agricultural plot (RC)
CBN: 04 (Sakri: 09/12/2013)
Oscillatoria limnetica Lemm.
Observed cells 1.5 µ broad; 3µ long
Habitat: In road side ditch (A)
CBN: 213 (Nagziri Dam: 03/10/2013)
Oscillatoria amphigranulata Van. Goor.
Observed breadth 2 µ; length 2 µ
Habitat: Attached to submerged vegetation in pond (RR)
CBN: 133 (Samode: 05/07/2013)
Oscillatoria angustissima West & West
Observed breadth of trichome 3 µ; cells 3.2 µ long
Habitat: Attached to rock in running water (VC)
CBN: 133 (Samode: 05/07/2013)
Oscillatoria quadripunctulata Bruhl et. Biswas var. unigranulata Singh R.N.
Habitat: Attached on Chara sp. in a stagnant water (C)
CBN: 56 (Nackatya Bandhara: 29/09/2013)
Oscillatoria quadripunctulata Bruhl et. Biswas var. unigranulata Singh R.N. form ahmedabadensis
Kamat
Observed length 5.2 µ; breadth 2 µ
133 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Habitat: Submerged in stagnant water (C)

CBN: 135 Samode: 26/03/2013)
Oscillatoria amphibaia Ag. ex. Gomont
Observed length of cells 5 µ; breadth 2.6 µ
Habitat: On submerged twig (RC)
CBN: 189 (Kondaibari: 01/08/2013)
Oscillatoria okeni Ag. ex. Gomont
Observed breadth 5.5 µ; length 4 µ
Habitat: Attached to Chara sp. In pond (VC)
CBN: 230 (Vadphali: 04/10/2013)
Oscillatoria schultzii Lemm.
Observed length 4 µ; breadth 2.9-4.4 µ
Habitat: In road side ditch (C)
CBN: 213 (Nagziri Dam: 03/10/2013)
Oscillatoria formosa Bory ex. Gomont.
Habitat: Soil algae- forming mat in botanical garden (C)
CBN: 185 (Navapur: 28/08/2013)
Oscillatoria formosa Bory ex. Gomont. form loktakensis Bruhl & Biswas
Observed form 3.4-3.7 µ broad; cells 2.5-3 µ
Habitat: Soil algae- forming mat in botanical garden (VC)
CBN: 185 (Navapur: 28/08/2013)
Oscillatoria rubescens Dc. Ex. Gomont
Observed breadth 5 µ; length of cells 2 µ
CBN: 215 (Nagziri Dam: 03/10/2013)
Oscillatoria lemmermanni Wolosz.
Habitat: Road side ditch (RC)
CBN: 217 (Visarwadi: 04/10/2013)
Oscillatoria acutissima Kufferath
Habitat: On moist soil near river and stream near Gangapur (RC)
Oscillatoria salina Biswas
Habitat: Road side ditch (C)
CBN: 311 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Oscillatoria acuminate Gomont
Observed length 6 µ; breadth 4.9 µ
134 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Habitat: Gently adhered on moist rock near stream bank (VC)

CBN: 163 (Kondai bari: 01/08/2013)
Oscillatoria acuta Bruhl et. Biswas (Orth-mut. Geitler)
Observed breadth of trichome 7.1 µ; cells 3.7 µ long
Habitat: On moist soil on river bank and in rain water pool (A)
Oscillatoria cruenta Grun. (Fig.1)
Observed breadth of trichome 6.5 µ; length of cells 3.5 µ
Habitat: Road side ditch, floating on water surface (C)
CBN: 311 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Distribution: New to India
CRINALIUM Crow.
Crinalium endophyticum Crow. (Fig.2)
Observed width of trichomes 3 µ; the end of trichome are slightly pointed when mature. Calyptra absent. Each
filament consists in the adult state of trichome and sheath, the latter being thin but clearly defined,
membranous slightly brownish.
Habitat: Compactly attached to soil on margin of drying pond (VVR)
CBN: 145 (Navapur: 04/04/2013)
Distribution: New to India
Crinalium magnum Fritch et. John.
Habitat: In stagnant water with Spirogyra sp. (C)
CBN: 16B (Pimpalner: 10/02/2013)
PHORMIDIUM Kutz.
Phormidium fragile (Meneghini) Gomont
Observed length and breadth of cells 2 µ
Habitat: On a muddy bank of river (R)
CBN: 135 9Samode: 26/03/2013)
Phormidium laminosum Gomont
Observed breadth of trichome 2 µ; cells 2 µ long
Habitat: On river bank (C)
CBN: 331 (Kolde and Mohanpada: 23/10/2013)
Phormidium tenue (Menegh) Gomont
Habitat: Floating on water surface in road side ditch (VC)
CBN: 311 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Phormidium bohnrei Schmidle
Habitat: On moist rock (VC)
CBN: 134 (Gangapur: 07/04/2013)
Phormidium purpurasens (Kutz.) Gomont
135 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
Observed breadth of trichome 2.7 µ; cells 4 µ long. The present form is slightly thicker than described by
Desikacharya (1959) but matches with that of Rao’s algae from Cuttack and Berhampur (Rao, 1938b)
Habitat: Attached to rock in running water (C)
CBN: 332 (Kolde and Mohanpada: 23/10/2013)
Phormidium stagnina Rao C.B.
Observed breadth of filament 13.6 µ; cells 1.3-1.8 µ
Habitat: In a stagnant water (C)
CBN: 291 (Navapur: 08/11/2013)
Phormidium anomala Rao C.B.
Observed length of trichome 1.2-2 µ; width with sheath 13.2 µ; without sheath 10.3 µ
Habitat: Gently adhered on moist rock near stream bank (VC)
CBN: 163 (Kondaibari: 01/08/2013)
Phormidium calacicola Gardner
Observed breadth of filament 10 µ; trichome 8 µ broad; cells 3.4-4 µ long
Habitat: On a bark of Ficus sp. (C)
CBN: 175 (Kondaibari: 01/08/2013)
Phormidium retzii (AG) Gomont
Habitat: On submerged twig in road side pond ((C)
CBN: 116 (Navapur: 28/08/2013)
Phormidium corium (Ag.) Gomont
Observed breadth of trichome 6 µ; cells 3.5 µ broad; 4 µ long
Habitat: Soli algae (VC)
CBN: 185 (Navapur: 28/08/2013)
Phormidium uncinatum (Ag.) Gomont
Observed breadth 4 µ; length 6 µ
Habitat: From paddy field (VC)
CBN: 241 (Bedki: 03/10/2013)
Phormidium autumnale (Ag.) Gomont
Habitat: On river bank (VR)
CBN: 133 (Samode: 05/07/2013)
REFERENCES
 Anand V.K., 1975; A check list of plan tonic algae from Mansar lake Jammu; Phykos, 14 (1-2); 77-79.
 Anand N., 1980; Studies on blue-green algal population of rice fields; Proc.Nat.Workshop on Algal Systems; 51-54.
 Anand N. and Hooper S.R.S., 1995; Distribution of blue-green algae in rice fields of Kerala state, India; Phykos, 34
(1-2); 55-64.
 Anand N. and Subramanian T.D., 1994; Distribution of natural population of blue-green algae in rice field;
Phykos, 33 (1-2); 163-169.
 Angadi S.B., 1990; Algal floristic composition of some cultivated soils of Karnataka state, India; Presp. In
Phycology (Prof. M.O.P. Iyengar centenary celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and Tomorrow Print & Pub.,
New Delhi; 417-421.
 Asthekar P.V. and Kamat N.D., 1980; Nostocales of Marathwada, Maharashtra; Phykos, 19(1); 89-93.
 Banerjee J.C., 1938; Studies on myxophyceae of lower Bengal II; J. Dept. Sci. Calcutta Uni. 1; 95-109.
136 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
 Barhate V.P. and Tarar J.L., 1981; The algal flora of Tapi river, Bhusawal, Maharashtra; Phykos, 20(1-2); 75-78.
 Barhate V.P. and Tarar J.L., 1983; Algae of Maharashtra, additions to cyanophyceae of Khandesh-I; Phykos,
22(1-2); 67-72.
 Bendre A.M. and Kumar S., 1975; Cyanophyceae of Meerut; Phykos, 14 (1-2); 1-7.
 Bhoge O.N. and Raghotaman G., 1986; Studies on the cyanophyceae from Jalgaon region, Maharashtra; Phykos,
25(1-2); 129-131.
 Bilgrami K.S., 1991; The living Ganga, Narendra Pub. House, New Delhi.
 Biswas K., 1925; Algal flora of maiden tanks; Cal. Rev. Calcutta Uni. 16-24.
 Biswas K., 1926; Flora of salt lakes, Calcutta, J. Dept. Sci. Calcutta Uni. 8; 1-47.
 Biswas K., 1934; Progress of algological studies in India; Curr.Sci. 3(6); 36-44.
 Biswas K., 1942; Notes on the occurrence of a cosmopolitan Blue-green algae in the hot springs at Wairaki in the
thermal region of the North Island of Newzealand; J. Roy. As. Soc. Bengal, 8 (1); 7-14.
 Biswas K., 1980; Common fresh and brackish water algal flora of India and Burma; International Book Dist.,
Dehradun (India).
 Bongale U.D. and Bharati S.G., 1980; On the algal flora of cultivated soils of Karnataka state (India); Phykos,
19(1); 15-109.
 Bruhal P. and Biswas K., 1922; On a new species of Cylindrospermum from Bengal C. doryphorum Bruhl et.
Biswas; J & Proc. As. Soc. Bengal, New Ser.; 18.
 Bruhal P. and Biswas K., 1924; Algae epiphyticae epiphloiae Indicae [Indian Bark Algae]; J. Dept. Sci. Calcutta
Uni. 5; 1-22.
 Bruhal P. and Biswas K., 1926; Algae of Loktake Lake; Mem. Asc. Soc. Bengal, 5 (8); 257-316.
 Chaporkar C.B. and Gangwane L.V., 1984; Blue-green algae of some cultivated soils of Marathwada,
Maharashtra; Phykos, 23; 55-58.
 Chatterjee A.A. and Mohanty R.C., 1990; Distributional pattern of phytoplankton in two fresh water lakes of Puri
district; Presp. In Phycology (Prof. M.O.P. Iyengar centenary celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and
Tomorrow Print & Pub., New Delhi; 177-181.
 Chatterjee M., Choudhary A. and Chatterjee S.P., 1980; Algal flora of the water reservoirs of Golapbag,
Burdwan, West Bengal; Phykos, 19 (1); 67-69.
 Chaturvedi U.K. and Habib I., 1995; Algal flora of Pithoragar; Phykos, 32 (1-2); 55-56.
 Chaturvedi U.K. and Pandey D.C., 1976; A list of blue-green algae from Rohilkhand division U.P., India- IV;
Phykos, 15 (1-2); 127-131.
 Compere P., 1983; Some algae from Kashmir and Ladakh W. Himalayas; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg., 116; 141-160.
 Compere P., 1984; Some algae from the red sea hills in north-eastern Sudan; Hydrobiologia, 110; 61-77.
 Crow W.B., 1927; Cranalium, a new genus of Cyanophyceae and its bearing on the morphology of the group; Ann.
Bot., XLI (CLXI); 918-936.
 Das R.N. and Peters R., 1990; New algae to India from Chaibasa (Bihar); Presp. In Phycology (Prof. M.O.P.
Iyengar centenary celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and Tomorrow Print & Pub., New Delhi; 77-81.
 Desikachary T.V., 1959; Cyanophyta, ICAR, New Delhi.
 Dixit S.C., 1936; The Myxophyceae of Bombay Presidency, India-I; Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Bot., 3; 93-106.
 Dominic T.K. and Madhusoodanan P.V., 1999; Cyanobacteria from extreme acidic environments; Curr.Sci.,
77(8); 1021-1023.
 Ghose S.L., 1923; A systematic and ecological account of a collection of blue-green algae of Lahore and Simla; J.
Linn.Soc. Bot., 46; 333-346.
 Ghose S.L., 1925; On some myxophyceae from Rangoon; J.Burma.Res.Soc., 15 (3); 244-253.
 Gonzalves E.A. and Gangla K., 1949; Observations on the algae of paddy field soils; J. Uni. Bombay, 18(3); 51-59.
 Gonzalves E.A. and Joshi D.B., 1943; The algal flora of temporary waters around Bombay I (an ecological study of
the algae in some rain water pools near Borivali; J. Uni. Bombay, 1; 34-45.
 Gonzalves E.A. and Joshi D.B., 1946; Fresh water algae near Bombay I (the seasonal succession of algae in a tank
at Bandra); J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 46(1); 154-176.
 Govindan V.S., 1990; Seasonal succession of algal flora in waste stabilization ponds; Presp. In Phycology (Prof.
M.O.P. Iyengar centenary celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and Tomorrow Print & Pub., New Delhi; 195-
200.
 Goyal S.K., Sharma B.M. and Gupta R.S., 1984; Algal flora of rice field soils of Jammu & Kashmir state; Phykos,
23; 59-64.
137 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
 Grover I.S. and Pandhol R.K., 1975; Algal flora of paddy fields of Ludhiana and its adjacent areas; Phykos, 14 (1-
2); 89-97.
 Gupta A.B., 1957; The algal flora of some paddy fields and its importance in soil economy; J. Tour. Res., 4 (1); 1-
24.
 Gupta D., 1965; Some new records of blue-green algae from West Bengal; Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal, 19; 1-2.
 Gupta A.B. and Nair G.U., 1962; Colony formation in Gloeotaenium and its significance in evolution of the
filamentous habit; Bot. Gaz., 124; 144-146.
 Gupta P. and Shukla A.C., 1994; Bottom sand of river Ganga; Phykos, 33 (1-2); 43-46.
 Hegde G.R. and Bharati S.G., 1983; Fresh water algae of Bijapur district, Karnataka state, India; Phykos, 22(1-2);
167-170.
 Holsinger E.C.T., 1954; The plankton algae of three Ceylon lakes, Hydrobiologia, 7; 8-24.
 Jayaswal A.G., 1993; Taxonomic survey of algal flora from Dhule region, Maharashtra (India); M.Phil.
Dissertation, S.G.Uni. Surat.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2005; Biodiversity of volvacales in Dhule and Nandurbar district, Maharashtra
 (India); Proc. Nat. Conf. on Plant Diver. And Biotech. 30-41.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2009; Contribution to the knowledge of zygnematales of Maharashtra, India;
 Biology and biodiversity of microalgae, Ed. Prof... N. Anand; Uni. Of Madras, Chennai;
 94-110.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2013a; Cyanophyceae of Sakri and Navapur, Maharashtra (India); Indian Thinker,
 3(1); 1-6.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2013b; Euglenoides of North Maharashtra, India; JSI, SPL VOL. 7; 27-42.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2013c; Check list of diatoms from Dhule and Nandurbar district Maharashtra
 (India); Int. J. Scientific Res., 2(5); 20-21.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2013d; Algae in symbiotic association with fresh water Spongellia Sp.; Sci. Res.
 Reporter, 3(1); 74-77.
 Jaiswal A.G., 2014; Study of fresh water algae (chlorococales) of Khandesh- Maharashtra
 (India); Uni. Res. Analy., 2(VII); 1-6.
 Jaiswal A.G. and Pathak R.R., 2005a; Red algae- Compsopogon aeruginosus J.Ag. Kuetzing
 var. catenatum Yadav and Pandey from Sakri, District Dhule, Maharashtra; Proc. Nat.
 Conf. on Plant Diver. And Biotech., 42-44.
 Jaiswal A.G., Gavit U.G. and Pathak R.R., 2012; Study of algal flora of Navapur, District
 Nandurbar, Maharashtra, India; Int. Mult. Res. J., 2(12); 1-4.
 Jaiswal A.G., Pathak R.R. and Gavit U.G., 2011; Biodiversity of desmidales in Dhule and
 Nandurbar district, Maharashtra (India); Proc. Int. Conf. on biodiversity and
 environmental crisis: past, present and future; 47-64.
 Jha M.N., Jha U.N., Ahmad N., and Mallik M.K., 1986; Cyanobacterial flora of rice field soils of Pusa and its
adjoining areas; Phykos, 25 (1-2); 97-101.
 Kamat N.D., 1962; The cyanophyceae and chlorophyceae of Panhala; J. Uni. Bombay, 30 (3-5); 22-31.
 Kamat N.D., 1963; The algae of Kolhapur, India; Hydrobiologia, 22 (3-4); 209-305.
 Kamat N.D., 1963a; The Oscillatoriaceae of Ahmedabad, India, J. Uni. Bombay, 31 (3-5); 20-27.
 Kamat N.D., 1968; Algae of Alibag, Maharashtra; J. Bombay Nat. His. Soc., 65 (1); 88-104.
 Kamat N.D., 1972; Oscillatoriaceae of the Mysore state; Phykos, 11(1-2); 59-63.
 Kamat N.D., 1974; The Nostocales of Mysore state; Phykos, 3 (1); 33-37.
 Kamat N.D. and Patel M.Z., 1973; Soil algae of a rice field at different depths; Botanique, 4 (2); 101-106.
 Kant S. and Gupta P., 1998; Algal flora of Ladakh; Scientific Pub. Jodhpur (India).
 Kaushik S., Agarkar M.S. and Saxena D.N., 1992; A report on the algae of water bodies at Ambikapur, M.P.;
Phykos, 30 (1-2); 115-122.
 Khan M., 1985; Algal flora of Sultanpur (U.P.) India; Phykos, 24; 52-57.
 Khan M. and Rawat R.S., 1972; Studies on the algal flora of Golatoppar swamp (A preliminary report); Phykos,
11(1-2); 67-70.Kohli D., Pandey P.S., Gupta H.P. and Khandelwal A., 1994; Algal flora and water pollution of
Sasaspur lake, Rae Bareli, U.P.; Geophytology, 24 (1); 123-128.
 Kolte S.O. and Goyal S.K., 1985; Distribution pattern of blue-green algae in rice field soils of Vidarbha region of
Maharashtra state; Phykos, 24; 156-162.
138 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
 Kumar H., 1970; Cyanophyceae of Sardhana; Phykos, 9 (1-2); 79-85.

 Kumar S. and Saha L.C., 1993; Fresh water algae of drinking water reservoirs of Bhagalpur; Phykos, 32 (1-2);
131-146.
 Mahajan N. and Mahajan A.D., 1990; On some fresh water blue-green algae from Satpuda range in Jalgaon
district (M.S.); Presp. In Phycology (Prof. M.O.P. Iyengar centenary celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and
Tomorrow Print & Pub., New Delhi; 157-159.
 Maity H. and Santra S.C., 1985; Blue-green algal flora of 24-Parganas, West Bengal (India); Phykos, 24; 46-51.
 Marathe K.V., 1964; A study of the effect of green manures on the subterranean algal flora of paddy fields soils; J.
Bio. Sci., 7; 1.
 Marathe K.V., 1967; Studies on soil algae of India-I, soil algae from cultivated fields of Dhulia (Maharashtra
State); J.Uni. Bombay, 35 (3 & 5); 100-105.
 Marathe K.V. and Anantani Y.S., 1972; Observations on the algae of some Indian arid soils; Botanique, 3(1); 13-
19.
 Marathe K.V. and Sontakke S.D., 1977; Observations on some wall algae; The Botanique, 7 (1-4); 31-34.
 Mitra A.K., 1951; The algal flora of certain Indian soils, Indian J. Agri. Sci., 21; 357-373.
 Mohanty R.C., 1984; Blue-green algae of Bhubaneswar and its adjoining regions-III; Phykos, 23 (1-2); 90-95.
 Mukhopadhyay A. and Chatterjee P., 1981; A chick list of blue-green algae from the paddy fields of 24-parganas
and Howard district of West Bengal; Phykos, 20 (1-2); 81-84.
 Nandan S.N. and Borse S.C., 1996; Studies on the rhizosphere algae of cultivated vegetable crop Hibiscus
esculantus L; J.Phyto. Res., 9 (1); 67-69.
 Nandkar P.B., Marathe K.V. and Motikhaye B.G., 1983; Algae in sewage containing pools and oxidation ponds;
Phykos, 22(1-2); 34-45.
 Pal S., 1975; A check list of algae from Ghaziabad; Phykos, 14 (1-2); 67-76.
 Pal S and Yadav A.K., 1974; Some cyanophyceae from Saharanpur district, a taxonomic enumeration; Phykos,
13(1); 38-47.
 Pal T.K. and Santra S.C., 1982; Contribution to the cyanophyceae of Murshidabad; Phykos, 21; 150-152.
 Pal U.C, and Santra S.C., 1985; Algal flora of Midnapore, West Bengal (India): I-Cyanophyceae; Phykos, 24; 12-
17.
 Pandey D.C., 1965; A study on the algae from Bellia and Ghazipur district of Utter Pradesh, India: Part-I cultural
and ecological consideration; Nova Hedwigia B, 9; 299-334.
 Pandey U.C. and Pandey D.C., 1982; Addition to the algal flora of Allahabad VIII Cyanophyceae; Phykos, 21; 76-
79.
 Pandhol R.K. and Grover I.S., 1976; Algal flora of Ludhiana and its adjacent areas; Phykos, 15 (1-2); 81-87.
 Parukutty P.R., 1940; The myxophyceae from Travancore state India; Proc. Indian.Acad. Sci. B., 11(3); 117-124.
 Patil P.L. and Satav S.D., 1986; A study on nitrogen fixing blue-green algae from rice fields of Western
Maharashtra; Phykos, 25 (1-2); 113-116.
 Prasad B.N. and Mehrotra R.K., 1979; Cyanophycean flora of some Noth-Indian crop fields, Geophytology, 8(2);
147-157.
 Prasad B.N. and Mehrotra R.K., 1980; Blue-green algae of paddy fields of Uttar Pradesh; Phykos, 19 (1); 121-
128.
 Prasad B.N., Srivastava M.N, 1986; Some cyanophyceae from Andaman and Nicobar Islands; Phykos, 25; 88-96.
 Prasad B.N., Srivastava M.N. and Khanna P., 1886; Some chlorococcales from crop fields of North Bihar; J.
Indian. Bot. Soc., 65; 450-455.
 Rao C.B., 1936; The myxophyceae of the United Provinces (India) II; Proc. Indian. Acad. Sci.B., 3(2); 165-174.
 Rao C.B., 1937; The myxophyceae of United Provinces, India-III; Proc. Indian Acd. Sci. B., 6(6); 339-375.
 Rao C.B., 1938; The myxophyceae of Orissa province, India-I; Proc.Indian Acad.Sci., 8; 157-170.
 Rao D.S. and Pattnaik H., 1975; Studies on some blue-green algae growing at high temperature; Phykos, 14 (1-2);
27-28.
 Reddy P.M., Yamnam D.D. and Imchen T.Y., 1986; Investigation on the blue-green algae of North-East India:
Distribution and Habitat reference; Phykos, 25; 148-158.
 Roy Mukti and Sen Nomita, 1985; Fresh water algae of Chattisgarh; Phykos, 24; 76-79.
 Sabata B.C. and Nayar M.P., 1995; River pollution in India; APH Pub. Corpo., New Delhi.
 Salam A.M.A. and Khan Y.S.A., 1978; Algal flora of the Karanfully estuary; Phykos, 17 (1-2); 99-103.
 Sankaran V., 1984; Algae of Aliyar river; Phykos, 23 (1-2); 75-79.
139 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
 Santra S.C., 1990; Fresh water algae of West Bengal; Presp. In Phycology (Prof. M.O.P. Iyengar centenary
celebration Vol.) Ed. V.N.Rajarao, Today and Tomorrow Print & Pub., New Delhi; 189-194.
 Sharma S.and Naik M.L., 1996; Rice field cyanobacteria of Pithora block of Raipur district of Madhya Pardesh;
Phykos, 35 (1-2); 139-141.
 Sarma T.A. and Kant.S., 1978; Algal flora of Patiala and its environs I; Phykos, 17 (1-2); 105-111.Sharma S.P.,
Saksena D.N. and Agarkar M.S., 1985; A note on two new species of Pediastrum from Gwalior, India; Phykos, 24;
1-3.
 Schmidle W., 1900; Ueber einige von Professor Hansgirg in Ostindeiengesammelt susswasseralgen; Hedwigia, 39;
160-190.
 Sen C.R. and Gupta D., 1998; The genus Oscillatoria Vaucher from lower Gangetic plains of West Bengal; Phykos,
37 (1-2); 29-93.
 Shaji C and Panikkar M.V.N., 1994; Cyanophyceae of Kerala, India; Phykos, 33(1-2); 105-112.
 Singh V.P., 1941; On a collection of algae from the Chamba state (Punjab) I; Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B., 14 (3);
250-255.
 Singh V. P., Saxena P.N., Tewari A. and Khan M.A., 1970; Studies on the seasonal variation of algal flora of
sewage; Phykos, 9 (1-2); 57-62.
 Singh N.I., Dorycanta H., Devi G.A., Singh N.S. and Singh M.S., 1997; Blue-green algae from rice field soils of
Nagaland; Phykos, 36 (1-2); 115-120.
 Sinha J.P. and Mukerjee D., 1975; Blue-green algae from the paddy fields of Bankura district of West Bengal I;
Phykos, 14 (1-2); 117-118.
 Sinha J.P. and Mukerjee D., 1975a; Blue-green algae from the paddy fields of Bankura district of West Bengal II;
Phykos, 14 (1-2); 119-120
 Smith G.M., 1950; The fresh water algae of the United States; Mc. Graw.-Hall Book Comp. Inc., New York.
 Somashekar R.K., 1983; Algal flora of river Cavery, Karnataka I Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae; Phykos, 22 (1-
2); 73-80.
 Somashekar R.K., 1984; Contribution to the algal flora of river Kapila, Karnataka I Cyanophyceae and
Chlorophyceae; Phykos, 23 (1-2); 116-124.
 Somashekar R.K. and Ramaswamy S.N., 1983; Algal indicators of paper mills waste waters; Phykos, 22; 161-166.
 Srinivasan M.V., 1963; Some mexophyceae from the Mysore state; Phykos, 2 (1-2); 45-48.
 Srivastava P.N. and Nigam C., 1980; Soil algae from semi-arid regions; Geophytology, 10 (2); 129-136.
 Srivastava P.N. and Odhwani B.R., 1993; Some interesting algae from Bijolai lake, Jodhpur; Phykos, 32 (1-2);
121-124.
 Srivastava G.K. and Singh B.B., 1995; Observation of algal flora in relation to industrial pollution of Rapti river of
Gorakhour; Eco. Env. & Cons., 1 (1-4); 53-55.
 Subba Raju, 1972; The blue-green algae from the soils of India; Taxonomy & Biology of blue-green algae, Ed.
T.V.Desikacyary; 332-352.
 Tarar J.L., Gadewar R. and Likhitkar V., 1993; Air borne algae of Nagpur environ; Proc. 18th ISC (Abstract); 10.
 Tarar J.L and Shewale T.H., 1984; Studies on the effect of some fungicides on soil algae of paddy fields; Phykos,
23 (1-2); 191-201.
 Thomas J. and Gonzalves E.A., 1965; Thermal algae of western India-I; Hydrbiologia, 25; 330-340.
 Thomas J. and Gonzalves E.A., 1965a; Thermal algae of western India-II; Hydrbiologia, 25; 340-351.
 Thomas J. and Gonzalves E.A., 1965b; Thermal algae of western India-III; Hydrbiologia, 26; 21-28.
 Thomas J. and Gonzalves E.A., 1965c; Thermal algae of western India-IV; Hydrbiologia, 29(40); 41-54.
 Tiwari G.L., 1972; A study of the blue-green algae of paddy field soils of India; Hydrobiologia, 33(3); 335-350.
 Tiwari G.L., 1972; A study of the blue-green algae of paddy field soils of India; Hydrobiologia, 39 (3); 335-350.
 Trivedy R.K., 1982; Some observations on algal flora of Jaipur, Rajastan; Phykso, 21; 160-163.
 Vasishta P.C., 1960; Anabaena nathi sp.nov. from Hoshiarpur; Rs. Bull. Punjab Uni., 11(1-2); 63-67.
 Vasishta P.C., 1960a; Anabaena hoshirapurensis sp.nov. from Hoshiarpur; Rs. Bull. Punjab Uni., 11(1-2); 93-97.
 West G.S., 1907; Report on the fresh water algae, including phyto plankton of Third Tanganyik Expedition
Conducted by Dr. W.A. Cunnington, 1904-1905 (Africa); J. Lin. Soc. B., 38 (264); 81-197.
140 Jaiswal A.G.

IJETSR
www.ijetsr.com
ISSN 2394 – 3386
Volume 4, Issue 7
July 2017
141 Jaiswal A.G.

Nostocales (New Delhi)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Nostocales (New Delhi)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Nostocales (New Delhi)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research

Genus Arthrospira, Spirulina, Oscillatoria, Crinalium and

129 Jaiswal A.G.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

130 Jaiswal A.G.

Distribution: Second record for Maharashtra

131 Jaiswal A.G.

Oscillatoria bharadwajae Kamat

132 Jaiswal A.G.

Oscillatoria mougeottii Kutz.

133 Jaiswal A.G.

Habitat: Submerged in stagnant water (C)

134 Jaiswal A.G.

Habitat: Gently adhered on moist rock near stream bank (VC)

135 Jaiswal A.G.

136 Jaiswal A.G.

137 Jaiswal A.G.

138 Jaiswal A.G.

 Kumar H., 1970; Cyanophyceae of Sardhana; Phykos, 9 (1-2); 79-85.

139 Jaiswal A.G.

140 Jaiswal A.G.

141 Jaiswal A.G.

You might also like