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    Assignment-1 MATH-1051 EM-II

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    Ved Prajapati
    The document outlines 10 problems related to ordinary differential equations and complex analysis. Problem 1 asks to find the limit of a solution to a differential equation as x approaches infinity for different values of a constant. Problem 2 asks for the condition for which a differential equation admits certain types of solutions. Problem 3 relates to finding a second linearly independent solution using a known solution. Problem 4 extends problem 3 to a specific differential equation. The remaining problems cover topics like Wronskian determinants, Cauchy-Euler equations, analytic functions, and properties of functions that are analytic.

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    Assignment-1 MATH-1051 EM-II

    Uploaded by

    Ved Prajapati
    7 views2 pages
    The document outlines 10 problems related to ordinary differential equations and complex analysis. Problem 1 asks to find the limit of a solution to a differential equation as x approaches infinity for different values of a constant. Problem 2 asks for the condition for which a differential equation admits certain types of solutions. Problem 3 relates to finding a second linearly independent solution using a known solution. Problem 4 extends problem 3 to a specific differential equation. The remaining problems cover topics like Wronskian determinants, Cauchy-Euler equations, analytic functions, and properties of functions that are analytic.

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    The document outlines 10 problems related to ordinary differential equations and complex analysis. Problem 1 asks to find the limit of a solution to a differential equation as x approaches infinity for different values of a constant. Problem 2 asks for the condition for which a differential equation admits certain types of solutions. Problem 3 relates to finding a second linearly independent solution using a known solution. Problem 4 extends problem 3 to a specific differential equation. The remaining problems cover topics like Wronskian determinants, Cauchy-Euler equations, analytic functions, and properties of functions that are analytic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views2 pages

    Assignment-1 MATH-1051 EM-II

    Uploaded by

    Ved Prajapati
    The document outlines 10 problems related to ordinary differential equations and complex analysis. Problem 1 asks to find the limit of a solution to a differential equation as x approaches infinity for different values of a constant. Problem 2 asks for the condition for which a differential equation admits certain types of solutions. Problem 3 relates to finding a second linearly independent solution using a known solution. Problem 4 extends problem 3 to a specific differential equation. The remaining problems cover topics like Wronskian determinants, Cauchy-Euler equations, analytic functions, and properties of functions that are analytic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Department of Mathematics ASSIGNMENT 1

    Program B. Tech. (SoE All branches) Semester II


    Course Engineering Mathematics II Course MATH 1051
    Code
    Session Jan-May 2024 Unit Ordinary Differential
    Equations and
    Complex Analysis-I

    1. Let 𝑦(𝑥) be the solution of the ordinary differential equation:


    𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
    + 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 0.
    𝑑𝑥 2
    Find lim 𝑦(𝑥) for the following choices of constant 𝐵.
    𝑥→∞
    (a) 0 < 𝐵 < 1
    (b) 𝐵 > 1

    2. Consider the second order ODE:


    𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
    + 𝐴 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 0. (𝐴 > 0, 𝐵 > 0)
    𝑑𝑥 2

    Find the condition for which the given ODE always admits two linearly independent
    solutions that are products of exponential and trigonometric functions.

    3. Suppose 𝑦1 (𝑥) be the known solution of the differential equation:

    𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
    2
    + 𝑃(𝑥) + 𝑄(𝑥)𝑦 = 0.
    𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
    Show that if 𝑦2 (𝑥) = 𝑣(𝑥)𝑦1 (𝑥) is the another linearly independent solution then
    𝑒 − ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑥
    𝑣(𝑥) = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 .
    𝑦12 (𝑥)

    4. Consider the second order ODE:

    𝑦 ′′ + 𝑃𝑦 ′ + 𝑄𝑦 = 0. ……………………….. (A)

    where 𝑃 and 𝑄 are constants. The substitution of 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑚𝑥 in (A) yields the auxiliary
    equation:
    𝑚2 + 𝑃𝑚 + 𝑄 = 0.
    The two roots of the above quadratic equation are given by
    −𝑃±√𝑃 2 −4𝑄
    𝑚= 2

    For 𝑃2 − 4𝑄 = 0 , we obtain only one solution as 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑚𝑥 with 𝑚 = −𝑃/2 . Prove that


    the second linearly independent solution is given by 𝑥𝑒 −𝑃𝑥/2 .
    [*Hint: Use result of Problem 3]
    Department of Mathematics ASSIGNMENT 1

    5. If 𝑦1 (𝑥) and 𝑦2 (𝑥) are two linearly independent solutions of the homogeneous equation:
    𝑦 ′′ (𝑥) + 𝑃(𝑥)𝑦 ′ (𝑥) + 𝑄(𝑥)𝑦(𝑥) = 0.

    𝑦1 (𝑥)𝑦2′′ (𝑥)−𝑦2 (𝑥)𝑦1′′ (𝑥)


    then show that 𝑃(𝑥) = −
    𝑊(𝑥)

    𝑦1 ′ (𝑥)𝑦2′′ (𝑥)−𝑦2 ′ (𝑥)𝑦1′′ (𝑥)


    and 𝑄(𝑥) =
    𝑊(𝑥)

    𝑦1 (𝑥) 𝑦2 (𝑥)
    where 𝑊(𝑥) = | | is the Wronskian determinant.
    𝑦1′ (𝑥) 𝑦2′ (𝑥)
    6. For certain values of the constant 𝑛 the function 𝑔 defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑛 is a solution
    of Cauchy-Euler differential equation:
    𝑥 3 𝑦 ′′′ (𝑥) + 2𝑥 2 𝑦 ′′ (𝑥) − 10𝑥𝑦 ′ (𝑥) − 8𝑦(𝑥) = 0 ; (𝑥 > 0)

    Determine all such values of 𝑛.


    𝑥3 𝑦3
    7. Consider a complex-valued function 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦) = ( 3 + 𝑥𝑦 2 ) + 𝑖 ( 3 + 𝑥 2 𝑦) on ℂ (set
    of complex numbers).
    (i) Is 𝑓 analytic at 𝑧 = 0?
    (ii) Is 𝑓 analytic at 𝑧 = 𝑖?
    Use Cauchy-Riemann equations to justify your answer.

    8. Construct an example accompanied by a brief explanation that illustrates the following


    fact: “If 𝑣 is a harmonic conjugate of 𝑢 in some domain 𝐷 then 𝑢 is, in general, not a
    harmonic conjugate of 𝑣.”

    9. Consider an analytic function 𝑓(𝑧) = 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) + 𝑖𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦) such that 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦) =


    𝑘 (a constant) on ℂ. Use Cauchy-Riemann equations to show that 𝑓(𝑧) is constant on ℂ.

    10. Suppose 𝑓(𝑧) is a function such that both 𝑓(𝑧) and 𝑓(𝑧) are analytic in domain 𝐷 then
    prove that 𝑓(𝑧) is constant in 𝐷.

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