Marc Lyndon Bordador

BSME4A

Movie Analysis: “Jose Rizal”

1. What are the recurring themes or symbols in the movie? How do they contribute
to the overall narrative?
The film "Jose Rizal" by Marilou Diaz-Abaya is a powerful portrayal of the Philippine national
hero's life and struggle for independence. The film's narrative is enriched by the use of recurring
themes and symbols that add depth and emotional resonance to Rizal's story. These elements go
beyond mere background details and instead serve as powerful tools that propel the story forward.
One of the most striking themes is the contrast between light and darkness. Rizal, a man of
reason and enlightenment, is associated with light. His education in Europe exposes him to the
ideals of freedom and justice, which he strives to bring to the Philippines. The Spanish colonial
regime, on the other hand, embodies darkness. Their oppressive rule blankets the Philippines in
ignorance and injustice. This symbolic battle between light and darkness permeates various scenes.
For instance, Rizal's writings are depicted as a source of light pushing back the darkness of
ignorance. Conversely, scenes of torture and imprisonment are shrouded in shadows, emphasizing
the oppressive nature of the regime.
Another key theme is the power of words versus violence. The film portrays Rizal's unwavering
belief in the potential of ideas to enact change. He fights for reform through his writings, hoping
to awaken the Filipino people's national consciousness. This theme is symbolized by the constant
presence of pens and notebooks throughout the film. In contrast, the Spanish regime relies on
brute force and violence to maintain control, signified by their military and use of execution. The
film ultimately suggests that Rizal's pen, though seemingly powerless, proves more effective in the
long run, as his ideas inspire future revolutionaries.
The film also utilizes symbolism to depict the struggle against colonialism. Chains are a
recurring symbol representing the shackles that bind the Philippines. They are shown both literally
on imprisoned Filipinos and metaphorically in the restrictions placed on freedom of speech and
assembly. Rizal's La Liga Filipina, a peaceful reform movement, is presented as a counterpoint to
these chains. It symbolizes the collective effort of Filipinos to break free from oppression.
Although La Liga Filipina is ultimately disbanded, the chains do not disappear entirely. However,
their presence serves as a constant reminder of the ongoing fight for freedom.
Finally, the Philippine flag serves as a powerful symbol of national identity and unity
throughout the film. It is a constant reminder of what Rizal is fighting for – an independent
Philippines free from colonial rule. The film shows the flag being displayed in secret meetings and
hidden in Rizal's belongings, highlighting the risks associated with national identity under Spanish
rule. The eventual unfurling of the flag at the end can be interpreted as a sign of hope for the
future of the Philippines.
 2. What is the impact of the movie on your understanding of Jose Rizal and His
contribution to the Philippines?

The movie shows Rizal as a well-rounded person: a brilliant student, a passionate writer, a
caring doctor, and a man with deep feelings for his sweetheart. Importantly, the film highlights
Rizal's peaceful approach to reform through education and writing. This is a side of his fight for
independence that often gets overlooked.
It portrays Rizal's execution as a turning point that sparked the fire of revolution. This
emphasizes his role as a martyr who inspired Filipinos to fight for freedom, even though he wasn't
directly involved in armed conflict. By showing this, the movie gives viewers a clearer
understanding of the lasting impact of his sacrifice.
The film also highlights the immense influence of Rizal's novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
Filibusterismo." This underlines the power of ideas to bring about social and political change.
Rizal's various contributions continue to shape the Philippines today. They have strengthened
national identity, pushed for social reforms, and instilled a spirit of perseverance and love of
country in the Filipino people.
Rizal's legacy is all about his enormous influence on Filipino culture. His novels, especially
"Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," exposed the injustices of Spanish rule while
celebrating Filipino heritage and values. His words awakened a strong sense of national pride and
unity, building a common identity based on resisting oppression and a desire for freedom.
Furthermore, Rizal's belief in education as a tool for progress remains a key part of his legacy.
He strongly believed that knowledge and critical thinking could lead to social change and empower
the underprivileged. Rizal inspired generations of Filipinos to pursue education as a way to
improve their lives and challenge unfair systems.
Rizal's impact went beyond ideas and into calls for social reform. He tirelessly fought for the
rights of the oppressed and marginalized, advocating for equality and justice under the law. His
views laid the groundwork for social movements in the Philippines that fight for human rights,
democracy, and social justice. He left a powerful legacy of activism and advocacy for those who
have no voice.
Finally, the movie portrays Rizal's martyrdom, his ultimate sacrifice against colonial
oppression, as a defining moment in Philippine history. His execution by the Spanish sparked the
Philippine Revolution, igniting the flames of rebellion and inspiring Filipinos to fight for
independence. Rizal's unwavering commitment to his ideals and his willingness to die for his cause
motivated generations of Filipinos to fight for self-determination and freedom from foreign rule.
 3. What are some of the significant scenes in the movie that depict the cultural and
social context of Jose Rizal Time?

One striking scene is the portrayal of Rizal's early education. The film shows a clear distinction
between the traditional Filipino education system and the European-influenced methods
employed by the Ateneo de Manila. This highlights the growing influence of Western ideals in
Philippine society during Rizal's youth.
Another significant scene depicts the social hierarchy of the time. Grand balls and lavish
lifestyles of the Filipino elite, contrasted with the harsh realities faced by the common people,
expose the vast economic and social inequalities prevalent under Spanish rule. Scenes of public
executions further emphasize the brutality and oppressive nature of the colonial regime.
The film also sheds light on the cultural practices and traditions of the period. Religious
processions, cockfights, and the veneration of religious icons showcase the deep integration of
Catholicism into Filipino life during Spanish colonization. Additionally, scenes of Rizal's family
life and interactions within the community reveal the strong sense of family values and communal
spirit that characterized Filipino society.
Furthermore, the film portrays the growing sense of discontent among Filipinos. Discussions
about injustices and the yearning for reform, particularly in scenes featuring characters like Tasio,
the town philosopher, highlight the simmering tensions beneath the surface of colonial rule. Rizal's
own writings being passed around in secret further emphasize the desire for change and the
awakening of national consciousness.
By weaving these scenes into the narrative, the film provides a rich tapestry of the cultural and
social landscape of Jose Rizal's time. It allows viewers to understand the complex social dynamics,
the clash of cultures, and the growing desire for freedom that ultimately shaped Rizal's life and
legacy.
 4. How does the movie explore the theme of national identity and patriotism in
relation to Jose Rizal’s life?
The film explores the theme of national identity and patriotism in relation to Jose Rizal's life
through a diverse approach. Firstly, it highlights the erosion of Filipino identity under Spanish rule.
Scenes depicting the emphasis on Spanish language and customs in Filipino schools, along with
the marginalization of indigenous languages and traditions, showcase the systematic attempt to
suppress Filipino cultural identity. In contrast, Rizal's own embrace of Filipino languages and
customs, particularly in his writings, emphasizes his belief in the importance of preserving and
celebrating Filipino heritage.
Secondly, the film portrays the awakening of national consciousness through Rizal's
experiences. His exposure to European ideals of liberty and justice during his studies abroad sparks
a sense of patriotism and a desire for a better future for his homeland. Scenes of Rizal's interactions
with fellow Filipinos living under Spanish rule further emphasize the shared sense of oppression
and the yearning for freedom that fueled the growing sentiment of national identity.
Thirdly, the film explores the concept of patriotism through Rizal's chosen path of peaceful
reform. His novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," act as catalysts for national
identity by exposing the injustices of Spanish rule and celebrating Filipino culture. The film
portrays the circulation of these novels in secret as a symbol of defiance and a shared desire for
change. By advocating for reform through education and writing, Rizal demonstrates that
patriotism can manifest not just through violence but also through intellectual pursuits aimed at
social and cultural upliftment.
Fourthly, the film highlights the role of martyrdom in shaping national identity. Rizal's
unwavering commitment to his ideals, even in the face of persecution, culminates in his execution
by the Spanish regime. The film portrays this as a pivotal moment, igniting the flames of revolution
and solidifying Rizal's position as a national hero. His willingness to die for his cause becomes a
powerful symbol of patriotism and a rallying cry for Filipinos seeking independence.
In conclusion, "Jose Rizal" uses powerful imagery and a compelling narrative to explore the
complex relationship between national identity, patriotism, and the life of Jose Rizal. The film
underscores his role in preserving Filipino heritage, sparking national consciousness, and
advocating for reform as a path to freedom. By showcasing the multifaceted nature of his
patriotism, the film leaves a lasting impression on viewers, reminding them of the enduring legacy
of Rizal and his fight for a better Philippines.