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    Chapter 7 - The Great Uprising of 1857

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    The document discusses the causes of the Revolt of 1857 in India against British rule. It analyzes the economic, social, religious and military factors that led to the uprising and reasons for its failure. Key causes included British policies that negatively impacted the Indian economy and disrupted social customs.

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    Chapter 7 - The Great Uprising of 1857

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    aavishfaiz
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    The document discusses the causes of the Revolt of 1857 in India against British rule. It analyzes the economic, social, religious and military factors that led to the uprising and reasons for its failure. Key causes included British policies that negatively impacted the Indian economy and disrupted social customs.

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    Chapter 7- The great Uprising of 1857

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    The document discusses the causes of the Revolt of 1857 in India against British rule. It analyzes the economic, social, religious and military factors that led to the uprising and reasons for its failure. Key causes included British policies that negatively impacted the Indian economy and disrupted social customs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views2 pages

    Chapter 7 - The Great Uprising of 1857

    Uploaded by

    aavishfaiz
    The document discusses the causes of the Revolt of 1857 in India against British rule. It analyzes the economic, social, religious and military factors that led to the uprising and reasons for its failure. Key causes included British policies that negatively impacted the Indian economy and disrupted social customs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Chapter 7: The Great Uprising of 1857

    Answer the following questions:

    Question 1.
    How were the economic policies of the British responsible for the Revolt of 1857?
    Answer:
    The British had changed the entire economic structure of India.

    1. Introduction of the new land revenue system which allowed the government to confiscate land and
    accept revenue in cash caused and suffering to the Indian peasants.
    2. Due to Industrial Revolution markets were flooded with machine made goods. Indian Industries
    could not compete with them and thus declined.
    3. When an Indian state was annexed, the administration was replaced by the company. This created
    unemployment and caused resentment.

    Question 2.
    Discuss the social and religious causes responsible for the Revolt of 1857.
    Answer:

    1. British advocated many reforms such as abolition of Sati, female infanticide, child marriage, widow
    remarriage. This caused discontent all over. These reforms were interpreted by Indians as
    interference in their religious and social customs.
    2. Introduction of Railways and telegraph was viewed with fear and suspicion.
    3. Introduction of western Education was viewed as an attack on Indian social and religious customs.
    4. Policy of racial discrimination practiced by British led to anger and resentment.

    Question 3.
    Why do you think the Revolt of 1857 failed? Discuss four, causes for its failure.
    Answer:

    1. Though it was wide spread it failed to involve all sections of the population.
    2. The revolt did not involve the masses. Only those people joined revolt who had been adversely
    affected by the British. Scindia, Holkar, Raja of Jodhpur did not join it. Instead, they supported the
    British. Merchants, western educated middle class did not join it.
    3. The British soldiers were better equipped. Indians had outdated weapons. The British had
    experienced and competent Generals. Indian leaders lacked this expertise.
    4. The revolutionaries did not have enough resources. The British were stronger financially and
    militarily.
    5. The revolt was not planned and organised.
    6. The British had the advantage of post and telegraph. This helped them to communicate and exchange
    messages, plan strategies and act immediately.

    Question 4.
    Discuss the nature of the Uprising/Revolt of 1857.
    Answer:
    There is divergent view regarding the nature of the outbreak of 1857. British historians have called it a
    Mutiny - confined to the army which did not command the support of the people at large.

    Others described it as a religious war against the Christians or racial struggle for supremacy between the
    black and the white.

    Others described it as the struggle between the Oriental and Occidental civilization and culture.

    Few described it the result of Hindu-Muslim conspiracy to overthrow the British rule.
    Some Indian Nationalists have called it a well-planned national struggle and as the First War of Indian
    Independence.

    Give Reasons:

    1. State of Awadh was annexed by the British.


    Ans. Dalhousie carried expansionist policy through which the state of Awadh was annexed on account of
    maladministration. His excuse for annexing Awadh was that he wanted to free the people from the Nawab’s
    mismanagement, but in practice the people got no relief.

    2. Indian artisans, weavers and craftsmen lost their means of livelihood.


    Ans. With the coming of Industrial Revolution markets were flooded with machine made goods. Indian
    Industries could not compete with them hence Indian artisans, weavers and craftsmen lost their means of
    livelihood.

    3.The Indian sepoys refused to bite the cartridges of the Enfield rifle.
    Ans. The Indian sepoys refused to bite the cartridges of the Enfield rifle as it was rumoured that these
    cartridges were greased with the fat of cows and pigs. This enraged the Hindus and Muslims as the cow is a
    holy animal of Hindus and the pig is considered taboo for the Muslims.

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