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    5 WW XUJCSXdi Az MMHNT I6

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    The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It defines key terms like reactants, products, and balanced equations. It also describes several types of chemical reactions including combination, decomposition, displacement, and redox reactions. Examples are provided for each type of reaction.

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    5 WW XUJCSXdi Az MMHNT I6

    Uploaded by

    varshatagade126
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    The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It defines key terms like reactants, products, and balanced equations. It also describes several types of chemical reactions including combination, decomposition, displacement, and redox reactions. Examples are provided for each type of reaction.

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    Notes science

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    5wwXUJCSXdiAzMMhntI6

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    The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It defines key terms like reactants, products, and balanced equations. It also describes several types of chemical reactions including combination, decomposition, displacement, and redox reactions. Examples are provided for each type of reaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views3 pages

    5 WW XUJCSXdi Az MMHNT I6

    Uploaded by

    varshatagade126
    The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It defines key terms like reactants, products, and balanced equations. It also describes several types of chemical reactions including combination, decomposition, displacement, and redox reactions. Examples are provided for each type of reaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Chemical Reactions and Equations

     In a chemical reaction, at least one of the following will occur:


     Change in state
     Change in colour
     Evolution of a gas
     Change in temperature
     Formation of a precipitate

    A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of


    chemical formulae, signs, symbols, and directions. In which the reactant entities are given
    on the left-hand side and the product entities on the right-hand side.

     Balanced chemical equation

    Reactants → Products
    LHS RHS
    Total number of atoms on the LHS = Total number of atoms on the RHS

     How to balance an equation


     Write reactants and products
     Balance the maximum number of a particular atom on both sides
     Balance other atoms
     A complete balanced equation should look like

    CO g + 2H2 g →340 atm CH3OH l


    Types of reactions

     Combination reaction
    o Two or more reactants combine to form one single product.

    Examples: CaO s + H2O l → Ca(OH)2 aqCalcium oxide Water Calcium hydroxid


    e (Quick lime) (Slaked lime) C s + O2 g → CO2 gCarbon Oxygen Ca
    rbon dioxide 2H2 g + O2 g → 2H2O lHydrogen Oxygen Water

     Exothermic reaction – Heat gets released in the reaction. Most combination reactions are
    exothermic. For example,
     Endothermic reaction – Heat is absorbed in the reaction. Very few combination reactions
    are endothermic. For example,

    12N2 g + O2 g → NO2 g

     Decomposition reaction
    o A single reactant breaks into several simple products.

    Examples:2FeSO4 Ferrous sulphate→ Δ Fe2O3Ferric oxide+SO2 +SO3CaCO3Limestone →


    Δ CaOCalcium oxide+ CO22AgClSilver chloride→ Δ 2AgSilver+Cl2

    o All decomposition reactions are endothermic [they absorb heat].

     Displacement reactions:
    o In displacement reactions, a more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from
    their compounds in aqueous solutions. (However, a less reactive metal cannot displace a
    more reactive metal.)

    Example: CuSO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + Cu Copper Sulphate Zinc Zinc Sulph


    ate Copper (Blue) (Colourless) (Red)
    Fe s + CuSO4 aq → Cu s + FeSO4 aqIron Copper sulphate Copper Iron sulphat
    e

     Double displacement reaction


    o Exchange of ions occurs between two compounds.

    Example; Na2SO4 aq + BaCl2 s → BaSO4 aq + 2NaCl sSodium sulphate Barium chlori


    de Barium sulphate Sodium chloride

     When the aqueous solution of two compounds react by exchanging their respective ions,
    such that one of the products formed is insoluble salt and appears in the form of a
    precipitate, then the reaction is said to be precipitation reaction.
     When an acid solution reacts with a base and the two exchange their respective ions, such
    that only salt and water are products, then the reaction is called neutralisation reaction.
     When two compounds react with each other and displace their ions, in such a manner that
    one of the product formed either decomposes into gaseous compounds or is formed in
    gaseous state, then the reaction is called gas-forming reaction.

     Oxidation →When a substance gains oxygen or loses hydrogen

     Oxidation in everyday life


    o Corrosion – When a metal is oxidised by the action of air and moisture [that’s why metals
    are coated]
    o Rancidity – When fats and oils are oxidised, their smell and taste change [that’s why food
    is kept in air-tight containers]

     Reduction → When one substance loses oxygen or gains hydrogen

     Redox – Oxidation–reduction reaction

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