NINH BÌNH CLVT

PART B. LEXICO – GRAMMAR

I. Choose the correct answer to each question
16. The old ship will be towed into harbor and ……………… .
A. broken up B. broken down C. broken in D. broken off
17. Making private calls on the office is severely......................on in our department.
A. frowned B. criticized C. regarded D. objected
18. The tank of petrol was.......................by a carelessly discarded cigarette end.
A. lit up B. ignited C. exploded D. inflamed
19. The government has made no..................in the fight against inflation: indeed, the situation has
worsened recently.
A. headway B. effect C. avail D. triumph
20. They managed to free him from the burning car in the..................of time before the tank exploded.
A. tick B. wink C. nick D. brink
21. I’m sorry we gave you such short..........................of our visit.
A. caution B. notice C. information D. preparation
22. He was so mean that he couldn’t bear to..............the smallest sum of money for the charity appeal.
A. pay off B. part with C. give in D. let out
23. A huge crowd..............in the pouring rain to cheer the president.
A. turned out B. held up C. saw off D. dropped in
24. We hadn’t................for such heavy traffic, and we were delayed.
A. expected B. bargained C. calculated D. supposed
25. The smell of the kippers cooking.......................my breakfast.
A. came up against B. gave off C. held up D. put me off
26. If you have a................for languages, don’t waste the opportunity of studying in a country where the
language is spoken.
A. flair B. flare C. head D. ability
27. He tried to..........himself with everyone by paying them compliments.
A. gratify B. please C. ingratiate D. commend
28. We believe that the government has a duty.............its pledges.
A. bear out B. standby C. go back D. count on
29. Don’t forget to buy a packet of..............Peas
A. chilled B. frozen C. frosted D. chilly
30. There’s no reason to pay so much for a flight when there are so many..............Tickets available.
A. reliable B. cut-prize C. full-fare D. flexible
31. He was so mean that he couldn’t bear to ……. The smallest sum of money for the charity appeal.
A. pay off B. part with C. give in D. let out
32. Since the child has no proper excuse for missing school, her absence should be treated as …….
A. desertion B. neglect C. abstention D. truancy
33. He claimed …… from military service because he is a foreign national.
A. liability B. exception C. demobilization D. exemption
34. The best room in that hotel.....................the bay
A. view B. regard C. overlook D. examine
35. Several items of..........were found on the river bank.
A. clothes B. dress C. costume D. clothing

Your answer:
16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

II. Put the correct form of the words in brackets

36. Human beings are the worst......................... on earth. POLLUTE
37. No one can understand Lewis’s behavior. It’s.......................... EXPLAIN
38. She is very efficient, and......................... polite to customers. FAIL
39. I have always......................... your lifestyle. ENVIOUS
40. After the......................... several employees lost their jobs. TAKING
41. The cost of......................... must be paid by the buyer. CARRY
42. Diseased cells must be killed while their neighbors are left...............................HARM
43. Nobody gets......................... treatment in this office. PREFER
44. People used to suffer from life-time physical.......................... NORMAL
45. She died in.......................... CHILD

Your answer:
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
III. Fill in the gaps in the letter with a suitable preposition
46. Breaking his leg a second time put Peter’s football career............jeopardy.
47. The same rule applies, irrespective..........how much you have paid.
48. There were no ripe apples............reach, so I move the ladder.
49. After examining hair samples, experts now say that the Beast of Exmore in the South of England is
................ the shadow of doubt a puma or lynx.
50. They say that there is an exception......every rule.
51. If I were you, I’d have the brakes seen.......before you cause an accident.
52. When I saw the house, it reminded me........the one I grew up in.
53. The policemen let me.........with a warning as it was Christmas.
54. We have run.........a huge bill at the grocer’s across the road.
55. Tony has fallen.......the same trick that I did.
Your answer:
46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.

IV. The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Find them and correct them. Write your answers in the
space provided below the passage.
Line
1 As we feel tired at bed-time, it is natural to assume that we sleep because we are
2 tired The point seems so obviously that hardly anyone has ever sought to question it.
3 Nevertheless, we must ask “tired of what?” People certainly feel tired in the end of a
4 hard day’s manual work, but it is also true that office workers feel equally tired when
5 bed-time come. Even invalids, confined to beds or wheelchairs, become tired as the
6 evening wears on. Moreover, the manual workers will still feel tired even after an
7 evening spent relaxing in front of the television or read a book, activities which ought
8 to have a refreshing effect. There is no proof connection between physical exertion and
9 the need for sleep. People want to sleep, however little exercises they have had. Nor is
10 the desire for sleep relating to mental fatigue. In fact, sleep comes more slowly to
11 people who have had an intellectual stimulating day, just because their minds are still
full in
 12 thoughts when they retire. Ironically, one way of sending someone to sleep is to put him
13 or her into boring situation where the intellectual effort is minimal.

Your answers:
Line Mistakes Correction
56. …….. ……………………… ………………………
57. …….. ……………………… ………………………
58. …….. ……………………… ………………………
59. …….. ……………………… ………………………
60. …….. ……………………… ………………………
61. …….. ……………………… ………………………
62. …….. ……………………… ………………………
63. …….. ……………………… ………………………
64. …….. ……………………… ………………………
65. …….. ……………………… ………………………
66. …….. ……………………… ………………………

PART C. READING
I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with ONE suitable word (2 points)

SPECTATOR SPORTS
A surprising number of popular spectator sports, for example football or basketball, started in
Europe or the USA in (66)..............nineteenth century. This did not happen by chance. It was the result of
changes in the way people lived in those places at that time.
Until then (67).................people lived in the country than in towns. They worked in small groups
and had (68)................regular time off. All this changed with the growth of factories and industry in the
nineteenth century, first in Europe and then in the USA. (69)................the first time most people began to
live in towns, and they found themselves with regular free time. They had more leisure time than ever
before.
This resulted in the need for organized entertainment. Suitable games developed or (70) ……….
invented, typically team games, in (71)................the crowded could take sides and become involved. This
gave people some of the entertainment they needed in (72)....................free time.
The recent explosion in TV, with the introduction of satellite and cable channels, (73) …….….
caused an increase in demand for sports as entertainment. The money TV has brought to games (74)
……….…. as football, tennis and baseball means that spectator sports (75).............certainly go on playing
an important part in our lives.
Your answer:
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
II. Read and choose the best answer for each question
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely
accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view
goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal
changes, as unpredictable, and they sought, through various means, to control these unknown and feared
powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until
they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the
rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and
provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed
of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable
site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear
division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium". In addition, there were
performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of
rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated
other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect --- success in hunt or battle,
the coming rain, the revival of the Sun --- as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations
were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this
view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of
impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by
a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and
gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.

76. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The origins of theater B. The role of ritual in modern dance
C. The importance of storytelling D. The variety of early religious activities
77.The word "they" refers to
A. seasonal changes B. natural forces C. theories D. human beings
78. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?
A. The reason drama is often unpredictable
B. The seasons in which dramas were performed
C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots
D. The importance of costumes in early drama
79. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater and ritual?
A. Dance B. Costumes C. Music D. Magic
80. The word "considerable" is closest in meaning to
A. thoughtful B. substantial C. relational D. ceremonial
81. The word "enactment" is closest in meaning to
A. establishment B. performance C. authorization D. season
82. The word "they" refers to
A. mistakes B. costumes C. animals D. performers
83. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not. B. Ritual is shorter than drama.
C. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.
D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.
84. The passage supports which of the following statements?
A. No one really knows how the theater began.
B. Myths are no longer represented dramatically.
C. Storytelling is an important part of dance.
D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.
85. Where in the passage does the author discuss the separation of the stage and the audience?
A. Lines 8-9 B. Lines 10-13 C. Lines 19-20 D. Lines 22-24
Your answer:
76. 77. 78. 79. 80.
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.

III. Choose the best option to complete the reading text

TWO CREATURES OF THE PAST - MAMMOTHS AND MASTODONS
The elephant has some distant relatives called mammoths, which lived in the Stone Age. More than
15,000 years ago people painted pictures of them on cave walls. Then, astonishingly, in 1799, a man
walking along the banks of the River Lena in Siberia (86) a starting discovery. Peering into a
wall of ice, he could (87) see the shape of a massive, hairy mammoth, apparently (88) . He
immediately ran (89) in terror, but several days later he (90) the courage to return and
cut the mammoth’s tusks - its two enormous teeth - out of the ice to sell them. Mammoth tusks are the
biggest teeth of any known creature, some (91) a length of five meters. These tusks were (92) to
good use, protecting the mammoths’ young from other animals, and brushing away snow.
To most of us, mammoths are probably the most (93) of the elephant’s extinct relatives, but
thousands of years earlier, in the woodlands of eastern North America, lived another of the elephant’s
relatives called the mastodon. Like mammoths, mastodon may also have had a hairy coat, but (94) _
mammoths mainly ate grass on the plains, mastodons (95) to eat twigs and leaves.
We do not know why mastodons (961) extinct. However, computer studies of the decrease in
mammoth (97) suggest that it was a particular (98) of over-hunting by humans, and
(99) in the climate at that time which (100)_ to their disappearance.
86. A. made B. took C. did D. had
87. A. rather B. quite C. just D. well
88. A. watching out B. watching over C. looking after D. looking out
89. A. across B. away C. out D. past
90. A. grew B. felt C. found D. experienced
91. A. increasing B. reaching C. expanding D. completing
92. A. put B. held C. set D. kept
93. A. usual B. frequent C. regular D. familiar
94. A. when B. while C. as D. even
95. A. preferred B. enjoyed C. desired D. selected
96. A. turned B. went C. became D. came
97. A. quantities B. amounts C. totals D. numbers
98. A. combination B. addition C. attachment D. connection
99. A. transformations B. changes C. diversions D. adjustments
100. A. guided B. caused C. led D. influenced

Your answer:

86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93.

94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100.

IV. Fill each numbered blank in the following passage with one most suitable sentence given in the list
below.
Food is one of the things we notice about different cultures. It is also one of the first aspects of a
different culture we feel to adopt. The table manners that accompany the food are not so obvious. When
the behaviors of a culture are visibly in contrast, they are most powerful, even when we are not
aware of them. (1) .
In Australia, it is expected that everyone will talk during a meal. The talking passes from one person to
another and is often about an issue that has been in the news, a new movie, or some other neutral and safe
topics. (2) . Conversation is held before or after the meal itself.
(3) . In Australia, when we have finished eating the main course we put the knife and fork
across the middle of the plate parallel to each other with the handles facing towards us. When we are
resting during the meal, we put the knife and fork across each other on the middle of the plate. (4) .
In Indonesia, some students tell me, the fork and the spoon are crossed as in Australian resting position.
But not all Indonesians may do this. Indonesia is itself a very multicultural society, so there may be a
number of customs for this within the country.
Consider further where the dishes are positioned on the table. The Chinese custom of all the diners
eating from a range of central dishes is different from the Western way of having servings on separate
plates. (5) . Even the way knives and forks fence in the plates makes a little frame for the plate and
defines
separate arenas of action all around the table, rather than one common arena of action as is the case of
cultures where all the diners share from the common dishes.
A. After the meal, the way we place our eating tools, our knives, forks, or chopsticks, is also culturally
defined.
B. This expresses a different relationship between people and shows lines of community in contrast to
the Westerner’s separate plates.
C. In many Eastern cultures, it is considered impolite to speak while the meal is in progress.
D. Then there the complex issue of accepting or declining an offer.
E. We need to remember that table manners change within cultures.
F. A barbecue or a dinner with a few friends will have different rules.
G. In China, the chopsticks go crossways across the top of the plate with the handles facing towards the
right, as that is the hand that holds the chopsticks.
H. Just imagine some of the different table manners we might encounter at a class dinner when a range of
cultures are represented!
Your answer:
101. 102. 103. 104. 105.

PART D. WRITING

I. Rewrite the following sentence in such a way that they mean almost the same as the ones
printed before them.
106. He maintained his position against his adversary. GROUND
→……………………………………………………………..
107. We cannot make any comparison with her sacrifice. COMPARE
→……………………………………………………………..
108. When I heard her speak, it affected me profoundly. IMPACT
→……………………………………………………………..
109. He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer. NAME
→……………………………………………………………..
110. He is very good at cooking spaghetti. DAB
→……………………………………………………………..
111. It wasn’t my fault the business failed.
→ Through no …………………………………….………….
112. It was easy for us to find the house.
→ We had ……………………………………………………
113. You should excuse his bad manners; he’s only a child.
→ You should …………………………………………….…
114. I took little notice of the girl standing at the gate.
→I didn’t …………………………………………………….
115. I find his clothes the most irritating about him.
→What ……………………………………………………..