A STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF THE EMPLOYEES ON THE

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES OF

SATVAT INFOSOL PRIVATE LIMITED

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

by

JANARTHANAN S
Register No.41410131

SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

SATHYABAMA
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)
Accredited with Grade “A” by NAAC I 12B Status by UGC I Approved by AICTE
JEPPIAAR NAGAR, RAJIV GANDHI SALAI, CHENNAI - 600 119

APRIL 2023
 SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Project Report is the bonafide work of JANARTHANAN S
41410131 who carried out the project entitled “A study on perception of the
employees on the corporate social responsibility activities of Satvat Infosol
Private Limited” under my supervision from January 2023 to March 2023.

Dr. Seethal K
Internal guide External Guide

Dr. BHUVANESWARI .G
Dean – School of Management Studies

Submitted for Viva voce Examination held on 05/05/2023

Internal Examiner 2 External Examiner

 Satvat Infosol Pvt Ltd
23/11, 3rd Floor, Nibav Building,
Lattice Brg Rd, near Adyar Anandha
Bhavan, Chennai, Tamil Nadu600020

PH : 044 2446 3128

Website: www.satvatinfosol.com

10.04.2023

TO WHOMSOEVER IT MAY CONCERN

SUB: MBA project completion letter

We hereby confirm that the below student who is currently pursuing second
year MBA in Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai has
successfully completed his final year project in our concern titled “A study on
perception of the employees on the corporate social responsibility activities of
Satvat Infosol Private Limited”.

Name: Janarthanan S

Reg no: 41410131

Best Regards,

For company
 DECLARATION

I JANARTHANAN S (41410131) hereby declare that the Project Report entitled “A

study on perception of the employees on the corporate social responsibility
activities of Satvat Infosol Private Limited” done by me under the guidance of
DR.SEETHAL K is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
Master of Business Administration degree.

DATE: 05/05/2023

PLACE: Chennai JANARTHANAN S

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am pleased to acknowledge my sincere thanks to Board of Management of

SATHYABAMA for their kind encouragement in doing this project and for completing it
successfully. I am grateful to them.

I convey my sincere thanks to Dr. G. Bhuvaneswari, Dean - School of Management

Studies and Dr. A. Palani, Head - School of Management Studies for providing me
necessary support and details at the right time during the progressive reviews.

I would like to express my sincere and deep sense of gratitude to my Project Guide
DR.Seethal K for her valuable guidance, suggestions and constant encouragement paved
way for the successful completion of my project work.

I wish to express my thanks to all Teaching and Non-teaching staff members of the School
of Management Studies who were helpful in many ways for the completion of the project.

JANARTHANAN S
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER
TITLE PAGE NO.
NO.
ABSTRACT (i)
LIST OF TABLES (ii)
LIST OF CHARTS (iii)
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (iv)
INTRODUCTION
1.1 .Introduction 1
1.2 .Industry Profile 2
1 1.3 .Company Profile 4
1.4 .Objectives of the Study 8
1.5 .Need for the study 8
1.6 .Scope & Significance of the study 9
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2
2.1 Review of Literature 10
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 15

3.1 Methodology
3.2.Research Design 15
3.3. Sources of Data 21
3
3.4 Questionnaire Development 22
3.5 Sample size 22
3.6.Period Of Study 23
3.7 Hypothesis 23
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4 4.1 Percentage Analysis 24
4.2. Hypothesis Testing 38
 FINDINGS,SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1.Findings of the Study 44
5 5.2.Suggestions & Recommendations 46
5.3. Limitations of the study 47
5.4.Conclusion 48
REFERENCES 49
ANNEXURE 1 – Questionnaire 51
ANNEXURE 2 55
 ABSTRACT

This study aims to give an overview on the topic and impact of the
corporate social responsibility on employee’s attitudes and behaviors (CSR). It
can be noticed that different scholars still continue to look at the concept
of CSR from different perspectives. In 1970, Milton Friedman was the
first scholar who wrote an article regarding the responsibilities of corporations.
After that academicians started to look at the concept of CSR in more details,
and made a move from the general debates discussing about the
legitimacy of CSR to other perspectives to get deeper understanding
about the concept of CSR. But, most of the researches that have been
conducted with regard to CSR were mainly focused on macro perspective
with their great emphasis on the relationship between CSR initiatives and
financial performance.

i
 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
4.1 Showing the gender of respondents 24
4.2 Showing the marital status of respondents 25
4.3 Showing the age of respondents 26
4.4 Showing the qualification of respondents 27
4.5 Showing the experience of respondents 28
Showing monthly income details of the
4.6 29
respondents
4.7 Showing you aware of CSR as a terminology 30
Showing the strategy you have for CSR
4.8 31
implementation in your organization / company
Showing your company/ organization have
4.9 separate allocation of funds for CSR 32
implementation
4.10 Company/ organization evaluate CSR activities 33
Company/ organisation communicate the
4.11 34
“CSR policy” to the stakeholders (customers)
Company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
4.12 35
policy” to the stakeholders (suppliers)
Company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
4.13 36
policy” to the stakeholders (investors)
Company/organization communicate
4.14 the CSR policy to the stakeholders 37
(bod management)
Chi square testing association
4.15 between gender and reasons to 38
involve in CSR activities
The most important reasons for
companies to get involved in CSR
4.16 40
activities is help the society and
environment

ii
 CSR policy vs i will be an asset if company
4.17 42
undertakes CSR activities.

iii
 LIST OF CHARTS
CHART NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
4.1 Showing the gender of respondents 24
4.2 Showing the marital status of respondents 25
4.3 Showing the age of respondents 26
4.4 Showing the qualification of respondents 27
4.5 Showing the experience of respondents 28
Showing monthly income details of the
4.6 29
respondents
4.7 Showing you aware of CSR as a terminology 30
Showing the strategy you have for CSR
4.8 31
implementation in your organization / company
Showing your company/ organization have
4.9 separate allocation of funds for CSR 32
implementation
4.10 Company/ organization evaluate CSR activities 33
Company/ organisation communicate the
4.11 34
“CSR policy” to the stakeholders (customers)
Company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
4.12 35
policy” to the stakeholders (suppliers)
Company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
4.13 36
policy” to the stakeholders (investors)
Company/organization communicate the CSR
4.14 37
policy to the stakeholders (bod management)

iv
 LIST OF ABBREVIATION

S.NO ABRREVATION EXPANSION

1. CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

2. ANOVA Analysis of variance

3. SME Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

v
CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model

that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and
the public. By practicing corporate social responsibility, also called corporate
citizenship, companies can be conscious of the kind of impact they are having
on all aspects of society, including economic, social, and environmental.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by

business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while
improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the
local community and society at large.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is seriously considering the

impact of a company’s action on society. It requires the company to consider
its acts in terms of a whole social system and is held responsible for the effects
of its acts anywhere in that system. Thus, the meaning of CSR is twofold. On
one hand, it exhibits the ethical behavior that an organization exhibits towards
its internal and external stakeholders (customers as well as employees). On the
other hand, it denotes the responsibility of an organization towards the
environment and society in which it operates.

Firms can no longer continue to exploit environmental resources and

escape from their responsibility by acting as separate entities regardless of the
interest of the society. Organizations, now, are realizing the need to shift their
focus on the interest of society. The sense of being socially responsible has to
come from within. CSR involves various voluntary efforts in which companies
engage themselves in order to give something back to the society. It involves
providing innovative solutions to societal and environmental challenges.
Organizations generally believe that acting in a socially responsible manner will
create value for them. The fact that an organization is committed to social
causes, also gives employees a sense that the company would also be
committed to the welfare of its employees as well.
1
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Indian software industry has been witnessing a phenomenal growth for the
last three decades. The software industry is expected to play a vital role in the
growth of Indian Economy. However, the ability of the software industry to sustain
its growth will depend upon its ability to integrate needs of its international
customers and aspirations of Indian software professionals. Software professionals
from India aspire for and are capable of being global citizens. Based on in-depth
analysis, this Research explores the human issues being experienced by Indian
software organizations. It also suggests overcoming some of the human challenges
to make this field the safest field. But at the same time, this field is having much
more problems which make the IT as an unstable one. This is because of lack of
planning and not able to fulfill the expectations and requirements of Human
Resource Management.
Software industry produces software and related services, and it is one of
the most important parts of information technology. The major segments of software
industry are the following:
A) Standardized software products,
B) customized software products / services,
C) In-house software development, and
D) Embedded software.

Software industry is a growing field, and one that requires relatively low capital
investment. It is also an industry that a number of nations have identified as
essential to their successful participation in the future global economy.

The demand for the products of the information processing industry

hardware, software, and services has shown considerable growth globally. The
software industry in particular has been noticed to boom.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE AND POLICIES

The Indian government has helped development of the Indian IT industry
since the 1980s. They relaxed the rules and regulations for exports and foreign
investment in India, thus helping in development of software exports.
2
 After 1991, India changed a lot of policies to resolve its financial crisis. These
reforms included opening of Indian market, free floating exchange rates, and
development of a derivative market. All these changes helped Indian software
exporters to grow at a rapid pace.
Since 2000, the Indian government started building Special Economic Zones
for growth of software industry. These zones included tax relief, cheaper land, and
other resources. This helped smaller and midsized firms to grow at better pace and
they started contributing to exports.

KEY FACTORS THAT EXPLAIN SUCCESS OF INDIAN SOFTWARE INDUSTRY

• Software industry can be built entirely on human capital. Requires limited

infrastructure and upfront investment. Has good cash flows and is highly
profitable
• India had an early-mover advantage: repeated positive experience-built trust
in outsourcing and validated the Indian brand
• Role of human capital, including software engineers, project managers and
corporate leaders.
• Early investments in engineering education and privatization of education
created a large talent pool.
• Vigorous efforts at assimilating new technology and good management
practices helped companies
• offer competitive costs for high quality and delivery performance.
• Highly entrepreneurial IT training and private education industry. Responded
quickly to fill skill gaps and opportunities. Positive government policies and
lack of regulation meant few barriers.
• Large population created competition for engineering seats and jobs.
Software industry faced no internal competition for technical talent.
Competition from MNCs came when indigenous firms were prepared.

3
1.3 COMPANY PROFILE

Ramesh Janardhan
Prime contact of “Satvatinfosol” heads the organization's Inidan and US
operations since 1999. Having professional experience of heading regional
business centre of a global company for more 18 years successfully, Ramesh
Janardhanan is instrumental in executing the comprehensive solution for various
clients for the total automation of their Recruitment Process. Prior to Satvat, he was
been heading the Major Accounts division in several MNCs. Under his leadership,
all divisions showed significant growth and rapidly rose to become the top
performing centers. Satvat has progressed under his able leadership and has
carved a niche for itself in several verticals.

Sunithi S. Ramesh
The CEO of “Satvatinfosol” heads the organisation’s Inidan and US
operations since 1999. Having professional experience of heading technical team
of a regional business centre of a global company for more 7 years successfully.
Having 15 years of software development experience in various platforms and have
delivered many projects in time.
Presently Member of Board of studies at “Stella merry colleges” and also
represent “Stella Maris college at” university of madras” as a board member. Guest
lecturer and examiner for various other colleges also. Prior to that has been heading
the QA/CS division in CADD Centre for about 5 years. During the tenure in both the
above-mentioned companies the respective division and region had shown
significant growth and technical supremacy. The division/region headed by her has
been the top performing centers in their respective companies both in terms
technical and commercial. She has contributed significantly towards the growth of
the organization.

Mrs. Sunithi S. Ramesh is an Engineer with MS in software systems.

Founded by professionals in the year 1999, SATVAT INFOSOL, became an
ISO 9001:2015, ISO/IEC 27001:2013 and ISO/IEC 20000-1:2011 certified IT
solutions provider within a decade.

4
Riding the crest of India's IT success, SATVAT has always set standards for
excellence. The best practices adopted by SATVAT, has enabled it to carve a niche
for itself in its area of expertise.
Circa 1999, two inspired people with a great vision and passion and with a meager
investment started a company in a residential building in Chennai city, South India.
Today it has around 100 employees and 4 sales offices across India and is credited
with giving highquality cost-effective IT solutions and services for government as
well as top tier clients.
Welcome to SATVAT INFOSOL (p) Ltd, the complete IT solutions and services
provider offering a wide spectrum of IT services from assessment and testing,
software development and services, infra structure management, multimedia and
web.
SATVAT INFOSOL is committed to keep customers excited and satisfied at all
times with continuous improvement staying in tune with technological development.

CUSTOMER DELIGHT IS THEIR PRIDE

• SATVAT CORE values: We believe and live out our values
• Integrity: Be true to our conscience
• Innovation: Our passion for innovation results in success after success
• Sustainability: We are committed to Sustained Growth which is fundamental
to our business
• Technology updating: We continuously strive to keep abreast of
technological
• developments and find solutions that are appropriate to our customer
requirements.
• Teamwork: As a team we have a strong client focus, and we are inspired to
work towards our client goals on a day-to-day basis.

5
CORPORATE STRENGTHS AND HIGHLIGHT
• Unique blend of passionate professionals
• Strong relationships with clients
• Domain focus through 4 specific verticals
• Proactive solutions for improving operational efficiency, complying with
industry regulations and improving customer service levels
• Sustained growth through time tested business models

SATVAT SOCIO RESBONSIBILITY

ENLIGHTENING, ENTERTAINING, & EDUCATING CHILDREN

We firmly believe in "giving back to the society". eBalak is the latest innovation from
the stable of Satvat Infosol. Children are the assets of the nation and grooming
them to become the ideal citizens of the new generation is our ultimate goal.
We blend our rich heritage with the ultra-modern concepts of the present era and
present them in such a way that the children get the right exposure of the "brave
new world".
eBalak propels the imagination of the children and help them dream big. We
facilitate your children get a multi-faceted growth coupled with rational thinking and
scientific approach towards life.
eBalak puts your children on the right track to take them through the most
competitive world.

ASSESSMENT & TESTING

• Admission process outsourcing Individual certification

• Online Examination
• Recruitment Process Outsourcing

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICES

• Campus Automation
• Internet and Intranet Application
6
• K-12 Solution
• GIS Solution
• Web development

INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT
• Campus infrastructure Management Service
• Hardware and Networking solutions
• Consultancy Services

MULTIMEDIA & WEB

• E-Balak
• Edutainment
• E-Learning
• Graphic Designs
• Theme based CD's

ACHIEVEMENTS
• Proven track record in conducting TOEFL , Railway Recruitment Board and
other Online Exams
• Conducted many registrations for Railways continuously for the past several
years
• IT solutions and services for educational institutes like RCI and Stella Maris

MEDIA APPRECIATION
Popular print media viz: The Hindu, The Indian Express realized the
worthiness of our products and expressed their positive views numerous times.

7
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Primary Objectives
• To understand the perception of the employees on the corporate social
responsibility activities of Satvat Infosol private limited.

Secondary objectives
• To gain first-hand knowledge about the structure and implementation of the
CSR policy of Satvat Infosol.
• To ascertain the usefulness of the corporation to the community with
reference to community’s needs & requirements.
• To identify the major milestone in the development of corporate social
responsibility & developing an understanding evaluation of CSR theory.
• To give suggestions towards the current CSR activities.

1.5 NEED OF STUDY

• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an effective way of achieving and
maintaining sound business management. By carrying out social
responsibility a company can actually enhance its own economic value and
brand image as well as benefits the society.
• The study will also highlight that do the Indian firms truly believe in CSR and
its ability to do social and financial good. Many companies and corporations
have not yet realised the importance of CSR practices. Therefore, there is a
need to study stakeholders‟ perception towards CSR.
• As we know that main motive of public sector undertaking is to generate
employment, earn profits and use this for social welfare. Nowadays, CSR
has become mandatory and there is a need-to-know which sector companies
(private sector and public sector) are doing better CSR practices. This study
will show sector wise comparison of CSR practices between public and
private sector companies.
• Besides the responsibility towards the society the companies are responsible
to work in a manner so that they earn profit and increase their profitability.

8
 Companies have responsibility towards shareholders, investors, creditors.
So, there is a need to study what is the impact of CSR practices on
profitability of the business.
• To make an overall study that to what extent the companies in India are doing
CSR practices, there is a need to study CSR practices in different sectors of
India.

1.6 SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

• A comparative study of Corporate Social Responsibility practices of different

countries across the globe could be undertaken.
• Corporate Social Responsibility is a relatively dynamic area of research in
modern management; hence there is vast scope for validation and
standardization of tools relating to Corporate Social Responsibility Practices
of various companies.
• Further study may focus on identifying and comparing the perception of line
managers, staff managers and employees on Corporate Social
Responsibility practices of the company.
• Based on earlier research conducted relating to CSR, companies can be
advice to device their policies about CSR regularly.
• This study encourages Private Public Partnership (PPP) for CSR promotion
encompassing infrastructure, pollution, child labour, labour productivity &
morale.
• Increase in the growth rate Strategic CSR at political and corporate level can
make the country a better investment destination.

9
CHAPTER 2
2.1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Conway (2003) in his study on iron ore mining industry in Goa shows that many
large mining companies have their own initiatives towards environmental and social
development. However, a structured CSR policy and planning is missing especially
among the small and medium players in the industry.

James Shyne(2003) conducted a study entitled CSR, public policy and the Oil
Industry in Angola on ten major oil companies currently operating in Angola. The
study presents a baseline discussion of public sector roles in strengthening CSR. It
prompted a detailed analysis of CSR investment in terms of business value and
impact upon intended beneficiaries. The study also describes the current role of the
public sector in promoting the CSR activities and identifying potential public section
roles that would assist, broaden and deepen corporate efforts.

Arora and Puranik (2004) reviewed contemporary CSR trends in India concluding
that the corporate sector in India. He concluded that the corporate sector in India
has benefitted immensely from liberation and privatization process, its transition
from philanthropic mindsets to CSR has been lagging behind its impressive
financial growth.

D.Y. Chacharkar and A. V. Shukla (2004) in their paper entitled “A study of

Corporate Social Responsiveness” tried to highlight theoretically the benefit of CSR
through “iceberg effect” diagram. The results showed that just like iceberg, except
the recognition and appreciation, the larger part of CSR initiatives for the company
are invisible in the form of publicity, image building, expansion of customer base
and profit.

R.S. Raman (2006), in a study on “Corporate Social Reporting in India-a view from
the top”, used content analysis technique to examine the chairman’s message
section in the Annual Reports of the top 50 companies in India to identify the extent
and nature of social reporting. The study concluded that the Indian companies
placed emphasis on product improvement and development of human resources.

10
Buchholtz (2006), in his study on CSR, Corporate Social and Financial
Performance: an empirical study on a Japanese Company examined the
relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial
performance (CFP) through a quantitative analysis. The study was conducted on
295 companies which is one-tenth of the listed companies in Japan. The result
showed a significant relationship among CSP, Equity Capital Ratio and the number
of employees.

Andy Lockell, Jereany Moon and Wayne Visser (2006) tried to investigate the
status of CSR research within the management literature. The study particularly
examines the focus and nature of knowledge, the changing salience of this
knowledge. The study present empirical evidence based on publication and citation
analysis of research published from 1992-2002. The findings showed that the most
popular issues investigated have been environmental and ethics (for CSR research
published in management journals).

Samuel Odowu and Papasoplomou Loanna (2007) conducted a study on twenty

companies in U.K. They promulgated that the U.K companies has now become
ethical in the content of social responsibility as companies disclose its CSR with a
view of public benefits, government request and issue information to stakeholders
because the companies is of the view that stakeholders of twenty first century are
better educated than the past.

Vasanthi Srinivasan (2010) in his study on CSR and Ethics in Medium, Small and
Micro Enterprise in India attempts to draw from the existing body of knowledge from
both the academic and popular literature in India to identify the CSR practices and
develop a research agenda for responsible business practices in the small-medium
enterprise in India. The findings highlighted that most of the studies done in the
Indian context have largely been qualitative and exploratory in nature. The study
also revealed that since small-medium enterprises contribute significantly to the
economy and are geographically spread in a country like India, adoption of CSR
and ethical practices is crucial to a balanced development. There is a rarity of

11
academic research in this area and therefore the researcher opines that a study of
the intra- country similarities and differences in adoption of CSR practices in small-
medium enterprises could be a valuable exercise for policy makers.

Shashank Shah and Sudhir Bhaskar (2010) made a case study of Bharat
Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (an Indian Public Sector Organization). They found that
there is a broad relationship between the organization and the society. The
organization used the resources of the society like human, material etc and in
reverse they provide services to the society. The study also revealed that BPCL
has taken a lot of initiatives in order to serve the society.

Debabrata Chatterjee (2010) in his research paper entitled “Corporate

Governance and CSR: The case of three Indian companies” tried to analyse the
corporate governance practices of three prominent Indian firms viz; ITC Ltd.,
Infosys Technologies Ltd., and Reliance Industries Ltd. The study was made taking
four parameters i.e., Approach to Corporate Governance, Governance Structure
and Practices, Board Committees and CSR activities. The study found that though
the Corporate Governance practices are exemplary, there exist differences in the
way the companies adopt these practices. Infosys seems to be doing much better
than the other two. A paper on CSR in rural development sector:

Prasenjit Maiti (2011) on his paper entitled “It is Politics or Profits or even
Compassion? Unraveling the Motivation for Corporate Citizenship” tried to analyse
theoretically the motives of corporate before their CSR initiatives. The study found
that CSR is related to profits, power plays, politico-legal equation, situation of
market flux, responsible images, humane concerns and other ethical dynamics.

Monika Hartman (2011) in her article “CSR in the food sector” analyzed the
importance of CSR in food sector particularly those companies which have high
brand. The study found that SME’s are less capable of discharging their obligation
towards society. Further the study revealed that food sector always tries to improve
the controlling and discharging its services towards consumers. It was also found
that consumers show preference for those brands or food sector that give

12
importance to CSR activities.

Mallen Baker (2012) in his article on “Four emerging trends in Corporate

Responsibility” tried to elucidate three basic things about the trends of CSR that
have changed from last so many years. Firstly, the relationship between business
and society has changed. They have come closer because of the social and
environmental problem prevailing around the world. Secondly, the strategy of the
businessman to develop business also affected the society a lot. Their new ideas,
concept, developments also came with CSR management that reflects in their
product and services. Lastly, the changes of CSR are also affected by other parties
like outside agencies and the firm’s own goals that interfere the firm’s activity.

Harbajan Bansal, Vinu Parida and Pankaj Kumar (2012) in their paper entitled
“Emerging trends of CSR in India” analysed 30 companies of 11 sectors listed in
the Bombay Stock Exchange with the help of their annual reports. Some of these
sectors were Transport Equipment sector, Finance and Metal Mining sector, IT &
Power, Capital goods, Telecom, Housing, FMCG, Oil & Gas, Cipla etc. The study
concluded that the companies today are working not only to earn profit but have
also realized the importance of being social friendly. Social Responsibility today has
started taking a turn in the new direction.

Harish Kumar (2012) in his research article entitled “CSR Revisited” has thrown
lights on four different approaches of companies towards CSR viz; Good
Governance, Ruinous CSR, Discretionary CSR, and Illusion CSR. He also tried to
highlight argument against the CSR as well as the CSR driver. The researcher also
found eight factors that drive the CSR initiatives. They are Philanthropic Attitude,
Governmental Actions, Environmental Concern, Ethical Consumerism, Crises and
Calamities, Globalization and Market force, Social Awareness & Education, and
Social Expectation.

Dr. M. Ramana Kumar (2013) in his study on CSR (Analysis of select Indian Private
and Public sector companies) tried to analyse the CSR activities carried out by
Indian Private (Reliance Industries Ltd.) and public sector companies (ONGC) and

13
also study the Indian government policies and programmes of CSR. The study
revealed that though the Indian public and private firms are making efforts in the
CSR areas, still there is a requirement of more emphasis on CSR. The study found
that there is a significant difference in the CSR practices of RIL and ONGC as the
CSR budget of ONGC is more than RIL during the year 2009-10, 2010-11, and
2011-12 and average CSR score of ONGC is more than that of RIL during 2009 to
2013.

14
CHAPTER 3
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION:

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the

research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is
done systematically. In it we study the various steps that are generally adopted by
a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them. It
is necessary for the researcher to know not only the researcher to know not only
the research methods/techniques but also the methodology. Researchers not only
need to know how to develop certain indices or tests, how to calculate the mean,
the mode, the median or the standard deviation or chi-square, how to apply
particular research techniques, but they also need to know which of these methods
or techniques, are relevant and which are not, and what would they mean and
indicate and why. Why a research study has been undertaken, how the research
problem has been defined, in what way and why the hypothesis has been
formulated, what data have been collected and what particular method has been
adopted, why particular technique of analyzing data has been used and a host of
similar other questions are usually answered when we talk of research methodology
concerning a research problem study.

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN:

Research design is a conceptual structure within which the research is

conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis
of data. There are many types of research design that a researcher may use for
his/her study. The following are the key features of a research design:
• It is the plan that indicates the sources and types of infomation relevant to
the research problem.
• It is a strategy specifying which approach will be used for collecting and
analyzing the data.
• It also contains the time and cost budgets as most studies are done under
these two impediments.
15
In short, research design must, at least, contain:
a) A clear statement of the research problem;
b) Procedures and techniques to be used for data collection;
c) The population to be studied; and
d) Methods to be used in processing and analyzing data.

Research design has a great bearing on the reliability of the results arrived at and
constitutes the firm foundation of the entire edifice of the research work.The types
of research design used in the study are:
• Descriptive research:

In a descriptive design, a researcher is solely interested in describing the situation

or case under their research study. It is a theory-based design method which is
created by gathering, analyzing, and presenting collected data. This allows a
researcher to provide insights into the why and how of research. Descriptive design
helps others better understand the need for the research.
• Analytical research:

Analytical research is a specific type of research that involves critical thinking skills
and the evaluation of facts and information relative to the research being conducted.
Some researchers conduct analytical research to find supporting evidence to
cunent research being done in order to make the work more reliable. Other
researchers conduct analytical research to form new ideas about the topic being
studied.
DATA ANALYSIS:
The data collected from the respondents were coded, tabulated, analyzed into
logical statements using SPSS 16.0.
STATISTICAL METHODS USED:
i. Pie diagram:

A pie chart is a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate
numerical proportion. In a pie chart, the arc length of each slice is proportional to
the quality it represents. While it is named for its resemblance to a pie which has
been sliced, there are variations on the way it can be presented. Pie charts can be
replaced in most cases by other lots such as the bar chait, box plot, dot plot, etc....
16
 ii. Bar diagram and charts:

A bar cha11 or bar graph is a chart or graph that presents categorical data with
rectangulai· bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values that they
represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or ho1izontally. A vertical bar chart is
sometimes called a column chart. A bai· graph shows compai·isons among discrete
categories. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared,
and the other axis represents a measured value. Some bar graphs present bars
clustered in group of more than one, showing the values if more than one measured
variable.

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED:

1. Percentage analysis:

Percentage analysis is the method to represent raw streams of data as

percentage for better understanding of collected data. It is a useful method of
expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data. Percentage
frequency tables are generally displayed as tables or as bar graphs or pie charts.
The process of creating a percentage frequency distribution involves first identifying
the total number of observations to be represented; then summing the total number
of observation withineach point or grouping of data points; and then dividing the
number of observations within each data point or grouping of data points.

2. Chi square test:

A chi square test, also referred to a x2 test (chi square test), is any statistical
hypothesis test in which he sampling distribution of the test statistic is a chi square
distribution when the null hypothesis is true. Also considered a chi-square test is a
test in which this is asymptotically true, meaning that the sampling distribution (if
the null hypothesis is true) can be made to approximate a chi-square distribution as
closely as described by making the sample size large enough. The chi-square test
is used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the expected

17
frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories.
Pearson's chi-square test, also known as the chi-square goodness-of-fit test or chi-
square test for independence was developed in the year 1900. When the chi-
square test is mentioned without any modifiers or other precluding contexts, this
test is often used.

1. Regression analysis:

In statistical modelling, regress10n analysis is a statistical process for

estimating the relationship among variables. It includes many techniques for
modelling and analyzing several variables, when focus is on the relationship
between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables (or
'predictors). More specifically, regression analysis helps one to understand how the
typical value of the dependent variable (or criterion variable') changes when any
one of the independent variables is varied, while the other independent variables
are held fixed.
Regression analysis is also used to understand which among the independent
variables are related to the dependent variable, and explore the fo1ms of these
relationships. In restricted circumstances, regression analysis can be used to infer
causal relationships between the independent and dependent vaiiables. However
this can lead to illusions or false relationships, so caution is advisable; For example,
Correlation does not imply causation.
Many techniques for can-ying out regression analysis have been developed.
Familiar methods such as linear regression and ordinary least square regression
are parametric, in that the regression function is defined in terms of a finite number
of unknown parameters that are estimated from the data. Non-parametric
regression refers to techniques that allow the regression function to lie in a specified
set of functions, which may be infinite- dimensional.
Regression models involve the following variables:

18
 • The unknown parameters, denoted as /3 , which may represent a scalar· or
a vector.
• The independent variable, X.
• The dependent variable, Y.

The various regression, the model specification is that the dependent variable, Y;
is a linear combination of the parameters (but need not be linear in the independent
variables). For example in simple linear regression for modelling "n" data points
there is one independent variable; Xi and two parameters, {30 and {31.
Straight line:

Where T denotes the transpose, so that XT /3 is the inner product between vectors
xi and /3
3. Weighted average method:

The weighted average formula is used to calculate the average value of a particular
set of numbers with different levels of relevance. The relevance of each number is
called its weight. The weights should be represented as a percentage of the total
relevancy. Therefore, all weights should be equal to 100% to or 1.
The most common formula used to determine an average is the arithmetic mean
formula. This formula adds all of the numbers and divides by the amount of
numbers.

4. Independent sample t-test:

A t-test is a type of inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significant

difference between the means of two groups, which may be related in certain
features. A t-test looks at the t-statistic, the t-distribution values, and the degrees of
freedom to determine the statistical significance.
19
 5. ANOVA:

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models and their

associated estimation procedures such as the "variation" among and between
groups used to analyze the differences among group means in a sample. The
ANOVA is based on the law of total variance, where the observed variance in a
particular variable is partitioned into components attributable to different sources of
variation. In its simplest form, ANOVA provides a statistical test of whether two or
more population means are equal, and therefore generalizes the t-test beyond two
means.

6. Mean score value method:

In statistics, the score, score function, efficient scorer informant indicates how
sensitively a likelihood function L (0; X) depends on its parameter0. Explicitly, the
score for 0 is the gradient of the log-likelihood with respect to 0.

The score plays an important role in several aspects of inference. For example:
• In formulating a test statistic for a locally most powe1ful test;
• In approximating the error in a maximum likelihood estimate;
• In demonstrating the asymptotic sufficiency of a maximum likelihood
estimate;
• In the formulation of confidence intervals;
• In demonstrations of the Carmer-Rao inequality.

The score function also plays an important role in computational statistics, as it can
play a part in the computation of maximum likelihood estimates.
The score or efficient score is the gradient (the vector of partial derivatives), with
respect to some parameters theta, of the logarithm (commonly the natural
logarithm) of the likelihood function (the log-likelihood).

20
3.3 SOURCES OF DATA:
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been defined
and research design plan chalked out. While deciding about the method of data
collection to be used for the study, the researcher should keep in mind two types of
data viz.., p1imary data and secondary data.

PRIMARY DATA:
The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, thus
happen to be original in character. The primary data is data that has not been
previously published. The primary data collection can be done by means of
observation, survey or experimentation.

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION:

The primary data for the study was collected from 120 respondents, common public
through a structured questionnaire by using simple random sampling method
representing both the genders, different age groups, family income, different
educational qualification and different occupational groups.

SECONDARY DATA:
Secondary data refers to the data that was collected by someone other than the
user. Common sources of secondary data includes census, information collected
by government departments, organizational records and data that was originally
collected for other research purposes. Secondary data analysis can save time that
would otherwise be spent collecting data and particularly in the case of quantitative
data, can provide larger and higher-quality database that would be unfeasible for
any individual researcher to collect on their own. In addition, analysts of social and
economic change consider secondary data essential, since it is impossible to
conduct a new survey that can adequately capture past change and/or
developments.

SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION:

The secondary data for the study was collected from the available literature,
journals, research papers, articles based on the research topic and web search.

21
3.4 QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT:
A questionnaire containing 21 questions was constructed to study the perception of
employees on Corporate Social Responsibility” at Satvat Infosol. The questions
were combined into a single instrument which aims to study the perception of
employees on Corporate Social Responsibility” at Satvat Infosol. The questionnaire
contains close-ended questions, Likert's five-point rating scale and question based
on ranking.

3.5 SAMPLE SIZE:

The sample size refers to the number of items to be selected from the universe
to constitute a sample. The size of sample should neither be excessively large, nor
too small. It should be optimum. The sample size should be a representative of the
population from which it was drawn. The sample size used in a study is determined
based on the expense of data collection, and the need to have sufficient statistical
power. The sample size of this study is 120 respondents.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
A sampling technique is the name or other identification of the specific process by
which the entities of the sample have been selected. The sampling technique used
in this study is convenience sampling technique.
• Convenience sampling:

Convenience sampling, also known as availability sampling is a specific type of non-

probability sampling method that relies on data collection from population members
who are conveniently available to participate in study.
Advantages of Convenience Sampling
• Simplicity of sampling and the ease of research Helpful for hypothesis
generation.
• Data collection can be facilitated in short duration of time Economical for
usage.

Disadvantages of Convenience Sampling

• Highly vulnerable to selection bias High level of sampling Credibility is less

22
Cross-Sectional Study:
Cross-sectional studies are used to describe what is happening at the present
moment. Cross-sectional study takes place at a single point in time. It does not
involve manipulating variables. It can provide information about what is happening
in the current population.

3.6 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

In research, a hypothesis is an idea or explanation that is tested through study and
experimentation.
NULL HYPOTHESIS: A null hypothesis is typically the standard assumption and is
defined as the prediction that there is no interaction between variables. The null
hypothesis is often an initial claim that researchers specify using previous research
or knowledge.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS: Alternative hypothesis is defined as the prediction
that there is a measurable interaction between variables. The set of alternatives to
null hypothesis is referred to as the alternative hypothesis. The alternative
hypothesis is what you might believe to be true or hope to prove true.
H1: There is a significant association between Gender and the most
important reason to get involved in CSR activities.
H2: There is significant difference between CSR policy, and I will be an
asset if company undertakes CSR activities.
H3: The most important reasons for companies to get involved in CSR
activities is help the society and environment.

23
CHAPTER 4
 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS

1. GENDER

TABLE 4.1 SHOWING THE GENDER OF RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.1 SHOWING THE GENDER OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.1 it is found that 83% of gender respondents are male and 17%
of gender respondents are female.

24
 2. THE MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS

TABLE 4.2 SHOWING THE MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.2 SHOWING THE MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.2 is found that 67% of employees are of married, 33% of
employees are of unmarried.

25
 3. THE AGE OF RESPONDENTS

TABLE 4.3 SHOWING THE AGE OF RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.3 SHOWING THE AGE OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.3 it is found that 37% of employees are of age group of 21-30
years, 44% of employees are of age group of between 31 – 40 years, 18% of
employees are of age group of more than 41-50 years, 1% of employees are of age
group of more than 51 - 60 years.

26
 4. THE QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

TABLE 4.4 SHOWING THE QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.4 SHOWING THE QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.4 is found that 10% of employees are studied diploma, 56% of
employees are studied undergraduate, 34% of employees are studied
postgraduate.

27
 5. THE EXPERIENCE OF RESPONDENTS

TABLE 4.5 SHOWING THE EXPERIENCE OF RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.5 SHOWING THE EXPERIENCE OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.5 is found that 0% of employees are under the experience of 0 –
1 years, 56% of employees are under the experience of 1 -5 years, 32% of
employees are under the experience of 6 -10 years, 12% of employees are under
the experience of above 11 years.

28
 6. MONTHLY INCOME DETAILS OF THE RESPONDENTS

TABLE 4.6 SHOWING MONTHLY INCOME DETAILS OF THE

RESPONDENTS

FIGURE 4.6 SHOWING MONTHLY INCOME DETAILS OF THE

RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.6 is found that monthly income. 14 % of the respondents are
getting monthly salary as Rs50000-75000 Monthly income. 7% of the respondents
are getting monthly salary as Rs50000-75000. And 13% of the respondents are
getting monthly salary is below Rs25000.

29
 7. AWARENESS OF CSR AS A TERMINOLOGY

TABLE 4.7 SHOWING YOU AWARE OF CSR AS A TERMINOLOGY

FIGURE 4.7 SHOWING YOU AWARE OF CSR AS A TERMINOLOGY

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.7 is found that 100 % of the respondents are same about the
aware of CSR as a terminology

30
 8. THE STRATEGY YOU HAVE FOR CSR IMPLEMENTATION IN YOUR
ORGANIZATION / COMPANY

TABLE 4.8 SHOWING THE STRATEGY YOU HAVE FOR CSR

IMPLEMENTATION IN YOUR ORGANIZATION / COMPANY

FIGURE 4.8 SHOWING THE STRATEGY YOU HAVE FOR CSR

IMPLEMENTATION IN YOUR ORGANIZATION / COMPANY

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.8 is found that people respondents should be HR/Admin
department and 65% of the people respondents should be management
department.
31
9. COMPANY/ORGANIZATION HAVE SEPARATE ALLOCATION OF
FUNDS FOR CSR IMPLEMENTATION

TABLE 4.9 SHOWING YOUR COMPANY/ ORGANIZATION HAVE

SEPARATE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR CSR IMPLEMENTATION

FIGURE 4.9 SHOWING YOUR COMPANY/ ORGANIZATION HAVE

SEPARATE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR CSR IMPLEMENTATION

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.9 is found that 100 % of the respondents who knows about
the company/ organization have separate allocation of funds for CSR
implementation

32
10. COMPANY/ORGANIZATION EVALUATE CSR
ACTIVITIES

TABLE 4.1O COMPANY/ ORGANIZATION EVALUATE CSR

ACTIVITIES

FIGURE 4.1O COMPANY/ ORGANIZATION EVALUATE CSR

ACTIVITIES

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.10 is found that 100% of the respondents who knows about
the company/ organization evaluate CSR activities.

33
 11. COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE “CSR
POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (CUSTOMERS)

TABLE 4.11 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION

COMMUNICATE THE “CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS
(CUSTOMERS)

FIGURE 4.11 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION

COMMUNICATE THE “CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS
(CUSTOMERS)

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.11 found that 2% of employees are said never in their opinion,
98% of employees are said never in their opinion.

34
 12. COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE “CSR
POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (SUPPLIERS)

TABLE 4.12 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE “CSR

POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (SUPPLIERS)

FIGURE 4.12 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE “CSR

POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (SUPPLIERS)

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.12 found that 5% of employees are said never in their opinion,
95% of employees are said sometimes in their opinion.

35
 13. COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE
THE “CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS
(INVESTORS)

TABLE 4.13 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE

THE “CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (INVESTORS)

FIGURE 4.13 COMPANY/ ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE

THE “CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (INVESTORS)

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.13 found that 100% of employees are said always in
their opinion to about the company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
policy” to the stakeholders (investors).

36
 14. COMPANY/ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE
“CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS
(BOD/Management)

TABLE 4.14 COMPANY/ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE

“CSR POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS
(BOD/Management)

FIGURE 4.14 COMPANY/ORGANISATION COMMUNICATE THE “CSR

POLICY” TO THE STAKEHOLDERS (BOD/Management)

INTERPRETATION:
From the figure 4.14 found that 100% of employees are said always in their opinion
to about the company/ organisation communicate the “CSR policy” to the
stakeholders (BOD/Management)

37
4.2 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
1. CHI SQUARE

H1: There is a significant association between Gender and the most important
reason to get involved in CSR activities.
H2: There is no significant association between Gender the most important reason
to get involved in CSR activities.

Table 4.15 Chi square testing association between Gender and

Reasons to involve in CSR activities

Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

GENDER * 120 100.0% 0 .0% 120 100.0%

REASONS

Chi-Square Tests

Asymp. Sig.
Value df (2- sided)
Pearson Chi- 1.725a 2 .422
Square

Likelihood Ratio 2.693 2 .260

N of Valid Cases 120

a. 1 cells (16.7%) have expected

count less than 5. The minimum
expected count is 1.00.

38
INTERPRETATION:
Chi-Square test performed shows that it is significant at 0.05 level. Therefore, the
alternate hypothesis, " There is no significant association between Gender and the
most important reason to get involved in CSR activities." is accepted.

39
 2. WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

TABLE 4.16 THE MOST IMPORTANT REASONS FOR

COMPANIES TO GET INVOLVED IN CSR ACTIVITIES IS HELP
THE SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT

INTERPRETATION:
If is found from the above table that the employees feel agree about
assessment of CSR activities to help the society and environment.

40
IT WILL BE AN ASSET IF COMPANY UNDERTAKES CSR ACTIVITIES

INTERPRETATION:
If is found from the above table that the employees feel agree about it will be an
asset if company undertakes CSR activities.

41
 3. ANOVA

H1: There is significant difference between CSR policy and I will be

an asset if company undertakes CSR activities.
H0: There no significant difference between CSR policy and I will be an asset if
company undertakes CSR activities.

TABLE 4.17 CSR POLICY VS I WILL BE AN ASSET IF COMPANY

UNDERTAKES CSR ACTIVITIES.

Descriptives

ACTIVITIES

95% Confidence Interval

for Mean
N Mean Std. Std. Lower Upper
Deviation Error Bound Bound
AGREE 5 1.00 .000 .000 1.00 1.00

NEUTRAL 115 1.93 .343 .032 1.87 1.99

Total 120 1.89 .384 .035 1.82 1.96

Descriptives

ACTIVITIES

Minimum Maximu
m
AGREE 1 1

NEUTRA 1 3
L

42
 Total 1 3

ANOVA

ACTIVITIES

Sum of Df Mean F Sig.

Squares Square
Between 4.148 1 4.148 36.411 .000
Groups

Within Groups 13.443 118 .114

Total 17.592 119

INTERPRETATION:
Since P value is greater than 0.05, accept null hypothesis. So,there is no significant
difference between CSR policy and I will be an asset if company undertakes CSR
activities.

43
CHAPTER 5
5.1 FINDINGS

• Nearly more than that 83% of gender respondents are male and 17% of
gender respondents are female.
• Nearly that 67% of employees are of married, 33% of employees are of
unmarried.
• Nearly that 37% of employees are of age group of 21-30 years, 44% of
employees are of age group of between 31 – 40 years, 18% of employees
are of age group of more than 41-50 years, 1% of employees are of age
group of more than 51 - 60 years
• Nearly that 10% of employees are studied diploma, and half of the
percentage people says 56% of employees are studied under graduate, 34%
of employees are studied post graduate.
• There is 0% of employees are under the experience of 0 – 1 years, half of
the percent 56% of employees are under the experience of 1 -5 years, 32%
of employees are under the experience of 6 -10 years, 12% of employees
are under the experience of above 11 years.
• Nearly more than that 66% of the respondents are getting Below Rs25000
to 50000 monthly income. 14 % of the respondents are getting monthly
salary as Rs50000-75000 Monthly income. 7% of the respondents are
getting monthly salary as Rs50000-75000. And 13% of the respondents are
getting monthly salary is below Rs25000.
• All the employees respondent should be100 % of the respondents are same
about the aware of CSR as a terminology
• The strategy you have for csr implementation in your organization / company
is 35 % of the people respondents should be HR/Admin department and 65%
of the people respondents should be management department
• All the employees respondent should be 100 % of the respondents who
knows about the company/ organization have separate allocation of funds
for csr implementation
• All the employees respondent should be 100% of the respondents who
knows about the company/ organization evaluate CSR activities

44
• There is 2% of employees are said never in their opinion, and balance 98%
of employees are said never in their opinion.
• Only 5% of employees are said never in their opinion, balance 95% of
employees are said sometimes in their opinion.
• All the employees respondent should be 100% of employees are said always
in their opinion to about the company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
policy” to the stakeholders (investors)
• All the employees respondent should be 100% of employees are said always
in their opinion to about the company/ organisation communicate the “CSR
policy” to the stakeholders (BOD/Management)
• Chi-Square test performed shows that it is significant at 0.05 level.
Therefore, the alternate hypothesis, " There is no significant association
between Gender and to improve the image of the company." is accepted
• Since P value is greater than 0.05, accept null hypothesis. So,there is no significant
difference between CSR policy and I will be an asset if company undertakes CSR
activities.
• The employees feel agree about assessment of CSR activities to help the society
and environment.
• The employees feel agree about it will be an asset if company undertakes
CSR activities.

45
5.2 SUGGESTIONS
• Companies should centre around the development of areas of the society
which has been ignored by the government.
• Healthcare is the prime issue for rustic India. Real piece of CSR ought to be
allocated towards the development of medical and healthcare facilities in
India.
• Education is losing its credibility in India because of benefit motives by
associations and management of different private organizations. Hence,
there is a need of quality education with pragmatic orientation in rustic areas
at affordable expenses for the destitute people.
• Clean India mission is progressing gradually however there is a need of
accelerating its pace of development for a healthy environment in India.
• Pollution of different types has become a serious issue in India. There is a
need to invest in the measures and technologies which can minimize the
environmental contamination and maximize the social benefits as healthy
environment for the people.
• Government should keep refreshing the laws as per the requirements of
society for CSR and for a balanced regional development.
• Incentives ought to be provided to the companies contributing more to CSR
programs.

46
5.3 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

• Lack of internal motivation in in companies.

• Perception of CSR only at the instrumental and operatoional

levels.

• Low consumer awareness.

• Intense competition discourages firms from formulating any

other objectives than those directly related to business.

• Raising further awareness of CSR

• Building capabilities

47
 5.4 CONCLUSION
The business case for corporate social responsibility can be made. While it
is valuable for a company to engage in CSR for altruistic and ethical justifications,
the highly competitive business world in which we live requires that, in allocating
resources to socially responsible initiatives, firms continue to consider their own
business needs. In the last decade, in particular, empirical research has brought
evidence of the measurable payoff of CSR initiatives on firms as well as their
stakeholders. Firms have a variety of reasons for being CSR-attentive. But beyond
the many bottom-line benefits outlined here, businesses that adopt CSR practices
also benefit our society at large.

48
 REFERENCE
1.Omweno Nyameyio Enock and Dr. Kundan Basavaraji (2013) “Corporate Social
Responsibility of Tata company and ITC company: A comparative study”,
International Journal of Business and Management Tomorrow (IJBMT),Vol.3, No.3,
March, pp. 1-12.
2. Anupam Sharma and Ravi Kiran(2012) “Corporate Social Responsibility
Initiatives of Major Companies of India with focus on health, education and
environment”, African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences 4(3): pp. 95-105.
3. Soheli Ghose (2012) “Globalization of Corporate Social Responsibility focussing
on Indian Markets”, IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSRJBM), Vol.2,
Issue 4(July-Aug.), pp. 41-48.
4. Amit Kumar Srivastava, GayatriNegi, Vipul Mishra, Shraddha Pandey (2012)
“Corporate Social Responsibility: A Case study of Tata Group”, IOSR Journal of
Business and Management, Vol.3, Issue 5(Sep.- Oct), pp. 17-27.
5. Dr. Mohammad Khalil Ahmed “Corporate Social Responsibility in Indian
Organisations”, Maratha Mandir‟s Babasaheb Gawde Institute of Management
Studies.
6. Alex Edmans (2012) “The link between job satisfaction and firm value, with
implications for corporate social responsibility”, Academy of Management
Perspectives, Vol.26, No.4, Nov.pp.1- 19.
7. Dr. K. Krishna Kumar and K. Radha (2012) “A view on corporate social
responsibilities in India”, The Economic Challenger, No.14, Issue 55, April- June,
pp. 72-75.
8. Bhupender and Vikas Kumar Joshiya (2012) “ Issues and Challenges of
Corporate social responsibility in India”, IJIBF, Vol.2, No. 2, July-Dec.2012,
pp. 169-182.
9. Arvind Jain (2012) “Corporate Social Responsibility: An Explorative Review”,
Journal of Accounting and Finance, Vol.26, No.1, October 2011- March 2012,
pp. 13-19.
10. Yisau Abiodum Babalola(2012) “The Impact of CSR on Firms‟ profitability in
Nigeria”, European Journal of Economics, Finance & Administrative Sciences,
ISSN 1450-2275 Issues 45 (2012).

49
 WEBSITES

http://www.globalreporting.org/ReporitngFramework/SectorSupplements.

http://www.globalreporting.org/Home.

www.CSR.gov.uk

www.businessethics.com

www.forbesindia.com

www.indiacsr.in/en

50
ANNEXURE 1
ANNEXURE 2
 APPENDIX-I (Questionnaire)

A study on “perception of employees corporate social responsibility” at

Satvat Infosol Private Limited

1. Department
2. Gender
a) Male b) Female
3. Age
a) 21 to 30Yrs b) 31 to 40Yrs
c) 41 to 50 Yrs d) 51to 60 yrs
4. Educational Qualification
a) Diploma b) PG diploma
c) Under Graduation d) Post Graduation

5. Marital Status
a) Unmarried b) Married

c) Widow/Widower d) Divorcee/Separated

6. How long have you been working for the present organization?
a) Less than one-year b) 1 to 5 Years
c) 6 to 10 Yrs d) Above 11 Yrs
7. Monthly income (In Rs)
a) Below 25,000 b) 25,000 to 50, 000
c) 50,000 to 75, 000 d) 75,000 and above
8. Are you aware of CSR as a terminology?
(a) Yes (b) No
9. Please tick (whichever applicable) the strategy you have for CSR implementation in your
organization /company:
(a) HR/Admin Department (b) NGO (c) Management (d) Foundation Trust
10. Does your company/organization have separate allocation of funds for CSR
Implementation?

68
 (a) Yes (b) No
11. Does your Company/ Organization evaluate CSR activities?
(a) Yes (b) No
12. Has your organization /company introduced any of the following programmes to assist
employees, their families or community members?(please tick)
(a) Health (Yes) (No)
(b) Education (Yes) (No)
(c) Training (Yes) (No)
(d) Counselling (Yes) (No)

13. Please rank the following drivers of CSR according to you. ("1" for the highest rank and
"5" for the lowest rank)

Drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility Rank

(1-5)

Increase in profits

Image Building
Vision and philosophy of the company / Organisation

Branding
Increasing Awareness

14. Does your Company / Organization communicate the ' CSR Policy' to the stakeholders?

STAKEHOLDERS Never Sometimes Always

Customers
Suppliers
Investors
BOD/Management

15. what is level of your knowledge regarding corporate social responsibility?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree
I don’t know about CSR

I have heard the name but I

don’t know exactly what it is
CSR
I am familiar with CSR topic

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 16. what are the most important reasons for companies to get involved in CSR activities in
your opinion?
Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree

To improve image of the company

To attract employees

To help society and environment

Retention of the employees

Support work-life balance

17. Which of the following measures has your company adopted to reduce environmental
impact?
Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree
Energy saving

Waste recycling

Develop of environmental friendly product

Management of environmental system

Use of renewable resources

18. please fill the following questionnaire to your best possible Judgement.

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

agree disagree
Community welfare and
development is a part of my
company’s CSR initiative
More people are willing to work for
my company due to its initiatives for
the society

19. For which of the following social issues does your company have a policy?

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 Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree
Leave policy
Flexible working hours
Compensation benefits
Sexual harassment policy
CSR policy

20. How much attention do you pay to CSR policy of a company as an employee?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

agree disagree
I will be an asset if company
undertakes CSR activities
I would only work for company that
adopts CSR activities

21. what are the most important reasons for companies to get involved in CSR activities in
your opinion? (Rank 1 high to 5 low)
Rank
(1-5)
To improve image of the company
To attract employees

To help society and environment

To increase income/ Revenue

To attract customer’s attention

Thank you for your Response..!!!

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