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    Els156 - Assessment - E-Portfolio - Final Submission - 2022770097

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    The document provides information on direct and indirect speech. It discusses the rules for each, including that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not. It explains how verbs are backshifted in indirect speech to reflect a different tense than when the words were originally spoken. Pronouns, adverbs, and demonstratives may also be changed between direct and indirect speech depending on whether the speaker and reporter are the same person. Students are required to complete two activities on direct and indirect speech for their E-Portfolio assessment.

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    Els156 - Assessment - E-Portfolio - Final Submission - 2022770097

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    nasihin9903
    42 views7 pages
    The document provides information on direct and indirect speech. It discusses the rules for each, including that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not. It explains how verbs are backshifted in indirect speech to reflect a different tense than when the words were originally spoken. Pronouns, adverbs, and demonstratives may also be changed between direct and indirect speech depending on whether the speaker and reporter are the same person. Students are required to complete two activities on direct and indirect speech for their E-Portfolio assessment.

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    for lg120 uitm students

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    ELS156_ASSESSMENT_E-PORTFOLIO_FINAL SUBMISSION_2022770097

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    The document provides information on direct and indirect speech. It discusses the rules for each, including that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not. It explains how verbs are backshifted in indirect speech to reflect a different tense than when the words were originally spoken. Pronouns, adverbs, and demonstratives may also be changed between direct and indirect speech depending on whether the speaker and reporter are the same person. Students are required to complete two activities on direct and indirect speech for their E-Portfolio assessment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views7 pages

    Els156 - Assessment - E-Portfolio - Final Submission - 2022770097

    Uploaded by

    nasihin9903
    The document provides information on direct and indirect speech. It discusses the rules for each, including that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not. It explains how verbs are backshifted in indirect speech to reflect a different tense than when the words were originally spoken. Pronouns, adverbs, and demonstratives may also be changed between direct and indirect speech depending on whether the speaker and reporter are the same person. Students are required to complete two activities on direct and indirect speech for their E-Portfolio assessment.

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    of 7

    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

    AKADEMI PENGAJIAN BAHASA

    ELS156 GRAMMAR II
    ASSESSMENT: E-PORTFOLIO

    STUDENT NAME:
    MUHAMMAD NASIHIN BIN MOHAMMAD AZIZY
    STUDENT ID:
    2022770097

    GROUP:
    JLG1202A

    LECTURER NAME:
    MS. IRA SYAQIRA BINTI SUKIMIN
    E-PORTFOLIO CHECKLIST

    Week Topic Submission Week Submission Date Submission Time


    1 Noun Phrases
    3 27 October 2022
    2 Adjectival Phrases
    Prepositional Phrases
    3 6:00 PM
    Verb Phrases 4 3 November 2022
    4 Adverbial Phrases
    5 Phrasal Verbs 6 17 November 2022
    6
    7 Noun Clauses
    8 8 December 2022
    8 Relative Clauses
    9 Adverbial Clauses
    Participle Clauses 10 22 December 2022
    10 6:00 PM
    Conditional Clauses
    11 Simple and Compound Sentences
    12 Complex and Compound-Complex Sentences 13 19 January 2022
    13 Direct and Indirect Speech
    14
    WEEK: 13

    TOPIC: DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

    DIRECT SPEECH

    - Direct speech is a report of the actual words used by a speaker or a writer


    - Also being called a direct discourse
    - Direct speech often placed in a quotation marks and accompanied by a reporting verb, signal phrase, or quotative frame

    The rules of direct speech

    Speech Marks

    - Punctuation is used to separate the dialogue, spoken words from the text
    - Example : “Can I borrow your shades”, Jack said

    Reporting Clauses

    - It shows us who is speaking


    - Reporting clauses are not usually necessary if it is clear who is speaking
    - Example “Do you feel the spice?” asked Munib

    A New Speaker = New Line

    - Another rule that must be followed when using direct speech is that each time a new person is speaking, you must take a new line.
    - Example :
    “I didn’t see you at school today,” said Hijjaz.

    “I wasn’t feeling very well, so I took the day off sick,” explained Muaz.

    “You poor thing! I hope you’re feeling better tomorrow,” Hijjaz remarked, giving his friend a hug.

    “Me too,” Muaz pouted.

    Reported Speech

    - This rules are for punctuating direct speech, but when punctuating reported speech, we don't need to use speech marks.\
    - Example : Mr Munib claimed that it had been a tough year for businesses across the country, and pledged to keep his staff well-informed
    of any changes.

    Punctuation Inside Speech Marks

    - At the end of each section of direct speech should always be a punctuation mark of some kind. In the case where there is no reporting
    clause, this punctuation mark will likely be a full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark.

    - Example : “How are you Hijjaz?”

    INDIRECT SPEECH

    - A sentences where the main points of someone has said are reported without actually writing the speech out in full.
    The rules of indirect speech

    Reporting Statements

    - Used in repeating what someone else said


    - Made of reporting clause and that-clause
    - Example : Kamal said that he is scared for his debate competition.

    Reporting Question

    - Sentences will consists of a reporting clause and a reported clause, introduces by 'if' or 'whether'.
    - Will be in statement form(subject + verb) and not question form.
    - Example : He asked if I was okay

    Reporting “WH” Questions

    - Sentence will consist of reporting clause beginning with a 'wh' word(who, what, when, why, where, how
    - The reported clause is in statement form(subject + verb)
    - Example : Muaz wanted to know where did I go

    Reporting Command

    - A to-infinitive clause is also used in indirect reports with other verbs


    - Example : Kassim advised me to get a cup of coffee.
    Backshift

    - Used to describe the changes that are made to theoriginal verbs in indirect speech because time has passed between the moment of
    speaking and the time of reporting
    - Example : I told them that I would come

    Changes made to personal pronouns

    - Sometimes, in indirect speech, the personal pronouns in the statement are changed. This change depends on whether the person reporting
    the speech and the person who made the original statement are the same or different.
    - Example : Munib said that he was scared of spiders

    Changes made to adverbs and demonstratives

    - In indirect speech, demonstratives and adverbs of time and place are often changed.
    - This is because indirect speech occurs at a later time, and potentially at a different place, than the original speech.
    - Example : Najib told me that he will beat me there later.
    ACTIVITY 1&2

    Activity / Exercise / Quiz 1 Activity / Exercise / Quiz 2

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