Cl605 Fire Protection

Bombardier Challenger 605 - Fire Protection
GENERAL
The fire protection system is divided into two separate subsystems:

• Fire and overheat detection system; and
• Fire extinguishing system.
The fire and overheat detection system includes components which detect fire, overheat, or smoke
conditions. Fire and overheat detection is provided in the following areas:
• Engines;
• Jet pipe and pylons;
• APU; and
• Main landing gear.
Smoke detection is provided in the baggage compartment and the lavatory. Provisions are also made
for an optional galley overheat detection system.
The fire extinguishing system delivers an extinguishing agent to protected areas of the aircraft; zone
A of the engines, and the APU enclosure.
The detection and extinguishing systems can be tested and monitored from the cockpit.
Portable fire extinguishers are provided in the cockpit and cabin.
ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION
Description
The engine fire and overheat protection system detects fire and/or overheat conditions in the
nacelle, jet pipe, and pylon areas of the engine. The engine fire and overheat protection system is
divided into two zones, zone A and zone B:
• Zone A includes the combustion area of the engine. Overheat/fire detection and
extinguishing is provided.
• Zone B consists of the jet pipe and pylon area. Only overheat/fire detection is provided for
this zone.
Each zone produces a distinctive aural and visual warning when an overheat and/or fire condition
is detected.
The extinguishing system consists of two fire extinguisher bottles. Either one or both bottles can
be discharged into the zone A area of the engines.
Components and Operation
Heat-Sensing Elements
Each zone of the engine is protected by a single continuous heat-sensing element (loop),
connected to its respective fire detection control unit. Each sensing element is a coaxial cable,
which has an inner conductor surrounded by an insulator material. The resistance of the
insulating material decreases with an increase in temperature. The outer metal sheathing is
permanently grounded. The loop resistance information is fed to the corresponding fire detection
control unit.
The zone A sensing element is used to detect an overheat/fire condition in the combustion area
of the engine.
Page 1
ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)
The zone B sensing element is used to detect an overheat/fire condition in the area where
electrical harnesses and plumbing go through the engine pylon. In addition, this sensing
element is used to detect an overheat condition in the exhaust nozzle area of the engine.
Engine Fire Detection

Figure 09−10−1
Jet Pipe/Pylon Overheat Sensing Element

Figure 09−10−2
Page 2
Fire Detection Control Units
Each heat-sensing element has its own fire detection control unit, which monitors the resistance
of its loop. When the electrical resistance decreases to the warning trip point, the fire detection
control unit prompts EICAS messages, as well as aural and visual warnings, to alert the flight
crew of a fire and/or overheat condition.
For zone A, the fire warning signal causes the following aural and visual warnings to occur:
• L (R) ENG FIRE warning EICAS message is displayed;
• MASTER WARNING switch/lights illuminate flashing;
• Applicable red LH (RH) FIRE PUSH switch/light illuminates; and
• Fire bell sounds.
For zone B, the fire warning signal causes the following aural and visual warnings to occur:
• L (R) JETPIPE OVHT warning EICAS message is displayed;
• MASTER WARNING switch/lights illuminate flashing; and
• “JETPIPE OVERHEAT” aural warning sounds.
The aural warnings can be silenced by pressing either MASTER WARNING switch/light. The
EICAS warning message will remain displayed, and the ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light will
remain illuminated, until the fire/overheat condition is corrected.
The fire detection control units can discriminate between a true fire/overheat and a short in the
heat sensing element. In the event of a fire detector loop failure, the applicable L (R) FIRE FAIL
or L (R) JETPIPE OVHT FAIL caution EICAS message will be displayed.
Engine Fire Extinguisher Bottles
Two engine Firex bottles are installed in the aft equipment bay, under the APU enclosure. The
bottles are charged with Halon 1301, and pressurized with dry nitrogen (600 to 625 psi).
Each bottle is equipped with a left and right squib (electrically actuated discharge cartridge),
thermal discharge port, pressure gauge, and a left and right discharge line. The discharge lines
are interconnected to allow discharge of both bottles (if needed) into one engine. The selection
of the LH or RH ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light will determine which squibs are fired.
The thermal discharge port provides overpressure relief for each Firex bottle. Should the
pressure in a Firex bottle exceed 1,400 psi, the thermal discharge port will discharge the
extinguishing agent in the immediate vicinity of the bottle.
Page 3
Engine and APU Fire Extinguishing System

Figure 09−10−3
LH (RH) ENG FIRE PUSH Switch/Lights
The engine fire extinguishing system is controlled by the LH (RH) ENG FIRE PUSH
switch/lights.
When the LH (RH) ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light is pressed, the following occurs:
• The Firex bottle squibs are armed, both BOTTLE 1 and 2 ARMED PUSH TO DISCH
switch/lights illuminate;
• Engine generator shuts down;
• Fuel shutoff valve (SOV) closes;
• Hydraulic shutoff valve (SOV) closes;
• Bleed air shutoff valve (SOV) closes; and
• Associated engine igniters disabled.
Page 4
BOTTLE 1 (2) ARMED PUSH TO DISCH Switch/Lights
When an illuminated BOTTLE 1 (2) ARMED PUSH TO DISCH switch/light is pressed, electrical
current fires the squibs in the associated bottle, and pressurized Halon is directed into the
engine nacelle. The selection of the LH or RH ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light will determine
which engine nacelle will receive the extinguishing agent.
Glareshield Panels
Figure 09−10−4
Miscellaneous Test Panel
The engine fire/overheat protection system may be tested from the miscellaneous test panel,
located on the forward pedestal. The FIRE DET WARN/FAIL switch provides the means of
testing the fire/overheat detection system, by selectively simulating fire/overheat conditions and
fail conditions.
Selecting the switch to the WARN position verifies the continuity of all the sensing elements,
and bottle charge status. Selecting the switch to the FAIL position verifies the ability of the
detection control units to discriminate between an actual overheat/fire and false fire (shorted)
loops.
The FIREX MONITOR 1 (2) (APU) TEST switches provide a means for the flight crew to test the
respective squib circuitry continuity.

Figure 09−10−5
Page 5
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION
Description
The APU fire detection system is used to detect an overheat/fire condition within the APU
enclosure. The fire detection system continuously monitors the APU. If a fire or overheat condition
is detected, the APU will automatically shut down, and an EICAS message, as well as an aural
and visual warning, will occur. The APU fire extinguishing system consists of one fire extinguisher
bottle.
Heat-Sensing Elements
The APU is protected by one continuous heat-sensing element (loop), installed within the APU
enclosure. This sensing element is connected to the APU fire detection control unit. Operation of
the sensing element is identical to the engine fire detection system.
APU Fire Detection

Figure 09−10−6
Page 6
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)
Fire Detection Control Unit
The APU has a dedicated fire detection control unit, which continuously monitors the resistance
of its own loop. When the electrical resistance decreases to the warning trip point, the unit
produces a fire warning signal to the EICAS, which causes the following aural and visual
warnings to occur:
• APU FIRE warning EICAS message is displayed;
• MASTER WARNING switch/lights illuminate flashing;
• Fire bell sounds; and
• APU FIRE PUSH switch/light illuminates.
The APU will also shut down automatically.
The aural warnings can be silenced by pressing either MASTER WARNING switch/light.
However, the EICAS warning message will remain displayed, and the APU FIRE PUSH
switch/light will remain illuminated, until the fire/overheat condition is corrected.
As with the engine fire-sensing elements, the APU fire detection control unit can discriminate
between an actual fire/overheat condition and a false fire (i.e., short in the sensing element). In
the event of an APU fire detector loop failure, the APU FIRE FAIL caution EICAS message will
be displayed.
APU Fire Extinguishing Bottle
APU fire extinguishing is provided by one Firex bottle, located adjacent to the APU compartment
in the aft equipment bay. The bottle is charged with Halon 1301, and pressurized with dry
nitrogen (600 to 625 psi).
The APU Firex bottle is equipped with a pressure gauge and a thermal discharge port, and is
connected by a single tube to the APU compartment. The pressurized extinguishing agent is
discharged by a squib with dual firing cartridges, for redundancy.
The thermal discharge port provides overpressure relief. Operation is identical to the engine
Firex bottles.
APU FIRE PUSH Switch/Light
The APU fire extinguishing system is controlled by the APU FIRE PUSH switch/light. When the
APU FIRE PUSH switch/light is pressed, the following occurs:
• The bottle squibs are armed, APU BOTTLE ARMED PUSH TO DISCH switch/light
illuminates;
• APU shuts down (if not already shut down);
• APU fuel shutoff valve (SOV) closes;
• APU negative-G shutoff valve (SOV) closes;
• APU LCV closes; and
• APU generator shuts down.
Page 7
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)
APU BOTTLE ARMED PUSH TO DISCH Switch/Light
When an illuminated APU BOTTLE ARMED PUSH TO DISCH switch/light is pressed, electrical
current fires the squibs in the APU bottle, and pressurized Halon is directed into the APU
enclosure.
Copilot’s Glareshield Panel

Figure 09−10−7
The APU fire protection system is tested simultaneously with the engine fire protection system,
via the miscellaneous test panel. Refer to the Engine Fire/Overheat Protection, Miscellaneous
Test Panel section for additional information.
BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT FIRE PROTECTION
Description
Fire protection for the baggage compartment consists of an electronic smoke detector that
interfaces with the EICAS to provide aural and visual warnings.
Smoke Detector
The aircraft is equipped with a smoke detection system for the baggage compartment. When the
smoke density reaches a predetermined level, the smoke detector produces a fire warning
signal, which causes the following aural and visual warnings to occur:
• SMOKE BAGGAGE BAY warning EICAS message is displayed;
• “SMOKE” aural warning sounds.
The aural warning can be silenced by pressing either MASTER WARNING switch/light.
However, the EICAS warning message will remain displayed until the unit resets itself.
Smoke Detector Test
The baggage compartment smoke detector can be tested by holding the SMOKE DETECT
switch to the TEST position.
Page 8
BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT FIRE PROTECTION (CONT'D)
Smoke Detector Test Switch

Figure 09−10−8
LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION
Description
Fire protection for the lavatory consists of an electronic smoke detector that interfaces with the
EICAS to provide aural and visual warnings, and an independent fire extinguisher that operates
automatically in the waste container.
Smoke Detector
The aircraft is equipped with a smoke detection system in the lavatory. When the smoke density
reaches a predetermined level, the smoke detector produces a signal to the EICAS to alert the
crew, and sounds an aural alarm in the lavatory. The lavatory smoke warning signal causes the
following aural and visual warnings to occur:
• SMOKE TOILET warning EICAS message is displayed;
• “SMOKE” aural warning sounds.
Automatic Fire Extinguisher
In the event of a fire in the lavatory waste container, automatic fire extinguishing is provided.
The bottle is mounted on a bracket beside the waste container. Once the temperature reaches a
predetermined level, two heat-sensitive capsules melt, and release Halon 1211 into the waste
container (individual aircraft installations may vary, consult Completion Center documentation
for aircraft-specific information).
GALLEY OVERHEAT PROTECTION (OPTIONAL)
Description
Overheat protection for the galley consists of an optional overheat detection system that interfaces
with the EICAS to provide aural and visual warnings.
Page 9
GALLEY OVERHEAT PROTECTION (OPTIONAL) (CONT'D)
Galley Overheat Detector
When the temperature reaches a predetermined level, the overheat detector provides a signal to
the EICAS to alert the crew of a galley overheat. The galley overheat alert signal causes the
following aural and visual warnings to occur:
• GALLEY OVHT warning EICAS message is displayed;
• A triple chime (warning) sounds.
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Description
Portable Halon 1211 fire extinguishers are provided in both the flight compartment and the cabin,
to fight a fire occurring inside the aircraft. Halon 1211 is effective in fighting Class A, B and C fires.
Flight Compartment Fire Extinguisher
The flight compartment fire extinguisher is installed behind the copilot’s seat.
Discharging of the Halon is effected by squeezing a spring-loaded lever.
WARNING
IF A FIRE EXTINGUISHER IS TO BE DISCHARGED IN THE

FLIGHT COMPARTMENT, ALL FLIGHT CREW MUST WEAR
OXYGEN MASKS WITH EMERGENCY SELECTED (100%
OXYGEN).
CREW EXPOSURE TO HIGH LEVELS OF HALON VAPORS
MAY RESULT IN DIZZINESS, IMPAIRED COORDINATION, AND
REDUCED MENTAL SHARPNESS.
Cabin Fire Extinguisher
The cabin fire extinguisher is installed during completion, and its location may vary depending
on the interior configuration. Consult the aircraft Completion Center manual for the specific
location(s). Operation is identical to the Flight Compartment fire extinguisher.
MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM
Description
The main landing gear (MLG) is protected by a continuous-loop overheat detection system in each
wheel bin. The loops are monitored for resistance by the overheat detection control unit which,
through EICAS, provides aural and visual warnings of an overheat condition in the main wheel
bins.
Page 10
MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM (CONT'D)
Heat-Sensing Element
The main landing gear bay heat-sensing elements (loops) are installed around the top inner
surface of the main wheel bins. Operation is identical to the engine and APU fire-sensing
elements. The loops are connected to the MLG overheat detection control unit.
Main Landing Gear Bay Overheat Heat-Sensing Element

Figure 09−10−9
Overheat Detection Control Unit
The overheat detection control unit continuously monitors the loop resistance of the sensing
element (loop). When the electrical resistance decreases to the warning trip point, the unit
produces an overheat warning signal to the EICAS, which causes the following aural and visual
warnings to occur:
• MLG BAY OVHT warning EICAS message is displayed;
• “GEAR BAY OVERHEAT” aural warning sounds.
The overheat detection control unit can discriminate between an actual overheat and a false
overheat (i.e., short in the sensing element). In the event of a main landing gear overheat
detector failure, the MLG BAY OVHT FAIL caution EICAS message will be displayed.
Page 11
MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM (CONT'D)
MLG BAY Overheat Test
The MLG BAY overheat detection system can be tested from the LDG GEAR control panel,
located on the center forward pedestal. The OVHT test switch is used to verify the continuity of
the heat-sensing element, by simulating an overheat/fire condition. The FAIL test switch is used
to verify the ability of the detection control unit to discriminate between an actual overheat/fire
condition and false overheat/fire (shorted) loop.
LDG GEAR Control Panel

Figure 09−10−10
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
General
The controls for the various fire protection systems are located on the glareshield; the systems
advisory, caution and warning messages are displayed on EICAS, and the test switches are
located on the Miscellaneous Test panel and LDG GEAR control panel.
Page 12
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS (CONT'D)
Engine and APU Fire/Overheat Protection
Glareshield Panels
Figure 09−10−11
Page 13
Fire Detection and FIREX Monitor Test

Figure 09−10−12
MLG Bay Overheat Test
LDG GEAR Control Panel

Figure 09−10−13
Page 14
Baggage Smoke Detector Test

Figure 09−10−14
EICAS MESSAGES
The fire and overheat protection system messages are shown on the EICAS page. The fire and
overheat protection system messages and aural warning are listed below. A brief explanation of each
message is provided.
AURAL WARNING
MESSAGE MEANING
(IF ANY)
APU FIRE Fire detected in the APU enclosure. FIRE BELL
L ENGINE FIRE
Fire detected in the respective engine nacelle. FIRE BELL
R ENGINE FIRE
L JETPIPE OVHT “JETPIPE
Fire detected in the respective jetpipe and/or pylon
OVERHEAT”
R JETPIPE OVHT area.
Galley overheat detected (if galley overheat detector WARNING

GALLEY OVHT
is installed). Triple Chime
SMOKE BAGGAGE BAY Smoke detected in the baggage compartment. “SMOKE”
SMOKE TOILET Smoke detected in the lavatory area. “SMOKE”
APU BOTTLE LO APU firex bottle pressure is low.
APU FIRE FAIL APU fire detection loop is failed (shorted out).
APU negative-G shutoff valve is open after actuation of the APU FIRE PUSH
APU NEG G SOV switch/light, or the negative-G shutoff valve position does not match the APU
PWR FUEL switch/light position within 5 seconds.
APU fuel shutoff valve is open after actuation of the APU FIRE PUSH
APU SOV switch/light, or the fuel shutoff valve position does not match the APU PWR
FUEL switch/light position within 5 seconds.
ENG BOTTLE 1 LO
Respective engine firex bottle pressure is low.
ENG BOTTLE 2 LO
Page 15
EICAS MESSAGES (CONT'D)

AURAL WARNING
MESSAGE MEANING
(IF ANY)
L ENG SOV Respective fuel shutoff valve is not closed after actuation of the ENG FIRE
R ENG SOV PUSH switch/light.
L FIRE FAIL
Respective fire detection loop is failed (shorted out).
R FIRE FAIL
HYD SOV 1 Hydraulic shutoff valve is not closed after actuation of the respective ENG
HYD SOV 2 FIRE PUSH switch/light.
L JETPIPE OVHT FAIL

The respective jetpipe/pylon overheat detection loop is failed (shorted out).
R JETPIPE OVHT FAIL
APU fuel shutoff and negative-G shutoff valves have closed after actuation of
APU SOV CLSD
the APU FIRE PUSH switch/light.
APU SQUIB 1 OK
Respective squib has passed its self-test.
APU SQUIB 2 OK
L ENG SOV CLSD Respective engine fuel shutoff valve has closed after actuation of respective
R ENG SOV CLSD ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light.
L ENG SQUIB 1 OK
L ENG SQUIB 2 OK
Respective squib has passed its self-test.
R ENG SQUIB 1 OK
R ENG SQUIB 2 OK
HYD SOV 1 CLSD Respective hydraulic shutoff valve has closed after actuation of the respective
HYD SOV 2 CLSD ENG FIRE PUSH switch/light.
Page 16
POWER SUPPLY AND CIRCUIT BREAKER SUMMARY

CB
SYSTEM SUB-SYSTEM CB NAME BUS BAR CB LOCATION NOTES
PANEL
Fire Protection Detection ENG JETPIPE

DC BATT 1 N7
OVHT R
ENG JETPIPE
DC BATT 1 N8
OVHT L
FIRE DETECTORS
DC BATT 1 N9
R ENG
FIRE DETECTORS
DC BATT 1 N10
L ENG
FIRE DETECTORS
DC BATT 1 N11
APU
FIRE DETECTORS
DC BATT 1 N12
TEST
MLG BAY OVHT
DC BATT 2 N4
DET
SMOKE DETECT DC BUS 2 2 K4
Extinguishing FIRE EXT 1 R ENG DC

1 R1
EMERGENCY
FIRE EXT 1 L ENG DC
1 R2
EMERGENCY
FIRE EXT 2 R ENG DC

1 R3
EMERGENCY
FIRE EXT 2 L ENG DC

1 R4
EMERGENCY
APU FIRE EXT DC

1 R5
EMERGENCY
Page 17

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Bombardier Challenger 605 - Fire Protection

The fire protection system is divided into two separate subsystems:

ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION

Components and Operation

ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

Engine Fire Detection

Jet Pipe/Pylon Overheat Sensing Element

ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

Fire Detection Control Units

Engine Fire Extinguisher Bottles

ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

Engine and APU Fire Extinguishing System

LH (RH) ENG FIRE PUSH Switch/Lights

ENGINE FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

BOTTLE 1 (2) ARMED PUSH TO DISCH Switch/Lights

Miscellaneous Test Panel

Miscellaneous Test Panel

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION

Components and Operation

APU Fire Detection

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

Fire Detection Control Unit

APU Fire Extinguishing Bottle

APU FIRE PUSH Switch/Light

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT FIRE/OVERHEAT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

APU BOTTLE ARMED PUSH TO DISCH Switch/Light

Copilot’s Glareshield Panel

Miscellaneous Test Panel

BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT FIRE PROTECTION

Components and Operation

Smoke Detector Test

BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT FIRE PROTECTION (CONT'D)

Smoke Detector Test Switch

LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION

Components and Operation

Automatic Fire Extinguisher

GALLEY OVERHEAT PROTECTION (OPTIONAL)

GALLEY OVERHEAT PROTECTION (OPTIONAL) (CONT'D)

Components and Operation

Galley Overheat Detector

PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

Components and Operation

Flight Compartment Fire Extinguisher

IF A FIRE EXTINGUISHER IS TO BE DISCHARGED IN THE

Cabin Fire Extinguisher

MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM

MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM (CONT'D)

Components and Operation

Main Landing Gear Bay Overheat Heat-Sensing Element

Overheat Detection Control Unit

MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY OVERHEAT DETECTION SYSTEM (CONT'D)

MLG BAY Overheat Test

LDG GEAR Control Panel

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS (CONT'D)

Engine and APU Fire/Overheat Protection

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS (CONT'D)

Fire Detection and FIREX Monitor Test

Miscellaneous Test Panel

MLG Bay Overheat Test