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    Linux

    Uploaded by

    white hoff
    This document provides summaries of various Linux commands: - Directory and file navigation commands include cd, pwd, ls, mkdir, touch - File searching commands include find, locate - Wildcards like abcd{1..9}-xyz can create multiple files - who, last, finger show who is logged in - chmod changes file permissions, chown changes ownership - rm -r removes directories, setfacl adds permissions to users - echo, cat display file contents, head/tail show specific lines - cut extracts parts of files, sort alphabetizes, wc counts words - diff, cmp compare files, tar compress/uncompress, truncate changes size - split divides files,

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Linux

    Uploaded by

    white hoff
    7 views3 pages
    This document provides summaries of various Linux commands: - Directory and file navigation commands include cd, pwd, ls, mkdir, touch - File searching commands include find, locate - Wildcards like abcd{1..9}-xyz can create multiple files - who, last, finger show who is logged in - chmod changes file permissions, chown changes ownership - rm -r removes directories, setfacl adds permissions to users - echo, cat display file contents, head/tail show specific lines - cut extracts parts of files, sort alphabetizes, wc counts words - diff, cmp compare files, tar compress/uncompress, truncate changes size - split divides files,

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    This document provides summaries of various Linux commands: - Directory and file navigation commands include cd, pwd, ls, mkdir, touch - File searching commands include find, locate - Wildcards like abcd{1..9}-xyz can create multiple files - who, last, finger show who is logged in - chmod changes file permissions, chown changes ownership - rm -r removes directories, setfacl adds permissions to users - echo, cat display file contents, head/tail show specific lines - cut extracts parts of files, sort alphabetizes, wc counts words - diff, cmp compare files, tar compress/uncompress, truncate changes size - split divides files,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    7 views3 pages

    Linux

    Uploaded by

    white hoff
    This document provides summaries of various Linux commands: - Directory and file navigation commands include cd, pwd, ls, mkdir, touch - File searching commands include find, locate - Wildcards like abcd{1..9}-xyz can create multiple files - who, last, finger show who is logged in - chmod changes file permissions, chown changes ownership - rm -r removes directories, setfacl adds permissions to users - echo, cat display file contents, head/tail show specific lines - cut extracts parts of files, sort alphabetizes, wc counts words - diff, cmp compare files, tar compress/uncompress, truncate changes size - split divides files,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    cd -- Change Directoy

    PWD -- print working directory


    ls -- list of directory n files
    ---------------------------------------------
    create Directory
    cmd -- mkdir e.g. mkdir IZYDIR
    ----------------------------------------------
    crete files
    cmd -- touch e,.g. touch IZYFile
    ----------------------------------------------.
    cmd for finding files in directories
    find . -name "file"
    ----------------------------------------------
    Locate CMD
    locate directory name
    ----------------------------------------------
    WildCards
    TO create files automatically.In thses we dont have to create multiple files
    manually.

    touch abcd{1..9}-xyz
    rm abcd* -- is to remove file
    ----------------------------------------------
    Soft and Hard Links (ln)

    -----------------------------------------------
    cmd -- who, last, finger
    these r the cmd to see who loggedin and when..
    -----------------------------------------------

    Types of Permissions
    Read, Write, Execute -- RWX

    File Permission changinng mode


    cmd for channing mode --- chmod

    to remove permission -- chmod -rw jerry


    to add permission -- chmod +rw jerry
    -----------------------------------------------

    Change ownership cmd


    -- chown username filename e.g. chown taha izyfiles
    ---chown groupname filename e.g. chown taha izyfiles
    ---------------------------------------------------------

    Remove Directory cmd --


    rm -r directory name
    ------------------------------------------------

    Access Control List


    To add permission for user
    setfacl -m u:taha:rwx /path/to/directoryrw
    -------------------------------------------------

    Adding Text to Files


    e.g.
    mkdir IZYDIR
    touch IZYFile
    echo "hello how r u" >IZYFile
    echo "who r u" >> IZYFile

    cat IZYFile
    hello hor r u
    i am fine
    -------------------------------------------------
    CMD - *cat - these cmd is used to display the messages.
    -------------------------------------------------------
    head - these cmd will give first 2 line of messages.
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    tail - these cmd will give last to line of messages.
    ------------------------------------------------------------

    cmd *Cut
    cut --version - these cmd is for checking the verion of cut.
    cut -c1 filename
    cut -c1,2,4
    cut -c1-2 filename
    --------------------------------------------------------------
    CMD *sort
    these cmd is used to sort file in a alphabetic format e.g. abcdefg..
    ---------------------------------------------------------------
    cmd *wc
    wc cmd is uded to read the characters in messages or count the words in the
    messages.
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    DIFF n CMP
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------

    Compress and uncompress


    cmd *tar is used for compress n uncpmress the files --- tar cvf taha.tar . --
    thses cmd is to compress the files
    cmd gzip is used to compress the file ---- tar xvf taha.tar
    gzip -d or gunzip is used to uncompress the file
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Truncate File Size (truncate)
    these cmd is used to extend the size of the file.It removes the bytes from the file
    once it remove it will no come back.

    cmd * truncate -s 40 filename


    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Splitting cmd
    split -l 2 filename
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    vi editor
    vi filename
    Shift+i to insert
    type message
    Shift+esc to escape
    shidt+zz to save n exit
    then do cat to verify itSS
    ----------------------------------------------------------------

    commands
    su - username
    sudo - command
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    What is Kernel??
    A Kernel is a interface lies between hardware and a software.

    What is a Shell??
    A shell is a interface that lies between user and a kernel.

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