Name _______________________________

Unit test TOTAL ___/ 70

Vocabulary
1 Choose the correct word (a, b, or c) to complete each sentence.
1 My sister wants to study ___ when she goes to college.
a biology b biologist c biological
2 The room was so wet that there was ___ growing in a corner!
a fungal b fungi c fungus
3 Plants use ___ to turn sunlight into food.
a photosynthesize b photosynthesis c photos
4 The doctor thinks Mei has a virus, but wants to do a blood test so he doesn’t jump to ___.
a concludes b conclude c conclusions
5 We are going to withhold ___ about the planning decision until we have more information.
a judge b judging c judgment
6 The soccer players on this team are all very young, but don’t make ___ they are a very good team.
a assumes b assumptions c assuming

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2 Choose the correct words to complete the dialogue.

Ben The police searched the building and found some money concealed in the caretaker’s office.
Max So the caretaker hid the money there?!
Ben Well, it would be easy to make 1 assumptions / criticisms / judges like that. I know the caretaker is not
very good at his job, but you shouldn’t unfairly write him 2 on / up / off. It’s possible that another person hid
it there.
Max I’m sure it was the caretaker. He doesn’t seem like an honest person.
Ben Max, don’t judge a book by its 3 index / pages / cover! Everyone says he is a very nice man. And the police
are 4 putting / making / keeping an open mind about who did it.
Max OK, I see your point, I’ll give the caretaker the benefit of the 5 debt / doubt / deal … for now!

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3 Match the words with definitions 16.

above ground conceal exterior interior subterranean uncover
1 under the surface of the earth ____________________
2 to not want or allow (something) to be seen ____________________
3 discover, or remove the covering from something ____________________
4 at or higher than ground level ____________________
5 relating to the outside of something ____________________
6 relating to the inside of something ____________________

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 Unit test

4 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 What kinds of things do you only reveal to your best friend(s)?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2 When you visit a city, do you prefer above ground attractions or those underground? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3 Think of a famous person who was unfairly written off. What did they do to prove people wrong?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

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 Unit test

Grammar
1 Put the words in the correct order to make polite questions.
1 I / wondering / how / was / long / will / the / journey / take.
___________________________________________________________________________________
2 you / kind / be / so / which / as / tell / to / store / me / sells / Would / fruit?
____________________________________________________________________________________
3 chance / Do / manager? / you / by / know / the / the / any / name / of
____________________________________________________________________________________
4 able / Would / you / much / be / to / tell / me / costs / how / it / to / in / hotel? / stay / that
____________________________________________________________________________________
5 telephone? / you / have / Do / idea / any / who / the / invented
____________________________________________________________________________________

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2 Choose the correct words to complete the reported conversation.

Our friend Marcus suggested that we 1 go / will go / going to the City Museum today. He proposed
2
visit / visiting / to visit the Ancient Egyptian section first, which has some amazing statues. He also
recommended that we 3 spend / will spend / to spend at least an hour in the European art section. Surprisingly,
he also recommended 4 to / that / – the museum cafe, which is cheap and very good.
He suggested 5 try / to try / trying the dish of the day. He also recommended 6 get / getting / got
there early, as he says it gets very busy.

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3 Report the sentences using the correct form of the reporting word and pronoun in parentheses.
1 “Why don’t we go to the museum tomorrow?” said Owen. (propose, we)
Owen _________________________________________________________________________.
2 “Maria should go to the school nurse if she has a headache,” said Carla. (recommend, Maria)
Carla __________________________________________________________________________.
3 “You can take the Merritt Parkway to New York City,” said Alex. (suggest, we)
Alex ___________________________________________________________________________.
4 “I think you should walk up the mountain,” said Tricia. (suggest, I)
Tricia __________________________________________________________________________.
5 “We told Jaden not to walk through the park at night.” (recommend, Jaden)
We ___________________________________________________________________________.

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 Unit test

4 Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1 Which places do you recommend for tourists to visit in your city?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2 Are there any dishes that you recommend people try?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3 What do you suggest doing with your family next weekend?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4 What do you propose that people do to cut pollution in your city?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

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 Unit test

Listening
1 3.06 Listen to a talk about Subterranean London. Are the sentences T (True) or F (False)?
1 All the tunnels tourists can visit are still used by the London Underground. T/F
2 One of the tours is to an above ground railway. T/F
3 Two of the tours are part of a visit to a museum. . T/F

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2 3.06 Listen again. Complete the notes in the chart.

Venue Information Notes

Down Street station used as a station from 1907 to Winston Churchill sheltered
1
____________________ here in the war
closed underground stations you can watch tickets sell
2 3
____________________ here ____________________, so
better to buy them early
Clapham South station used as a shelter when London
was 4____________________
Brunel Museum the first built by the famous
5 6
____________________ _____________________
under a river. Marc Brunel and his son
the Post Train take a 15-minute ride under the became the world’s first
city driverless electric railway in
7
____________________

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 Unit test

Reading
1 Read the text quickly. Choose the best option.
1 The title refers to tourism in Bermuda / the history of Bermuda / how Bermuda was formed.
2 The article discusses how Bermuda is different from most volcanic islands / is typical of volcanic islands /
will teach us how to stop volcanic eruptions.

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The birth of Bermuda

Scientists believe that volcanoes have helped to build around 80% of the Earth’s surface.
Today, you can find volcanoes in all of the world’s continents and around 1,500 of these
volcanoes are active. Many islands were formed by volcanoes, too. These form over many
thousands of years, often in a hotspot volcano chain.
Most volcanoes form along the edges of tectonic plates. As tectonic plates move away from or
under each other far beneath the surface, the process releases a huge amount of energy which
can cause an earthquake or a volcano. This is exemplified along the 40,000 kilometer-long area
around the Pacific Ocean known as the Ring of Fire, where 75% of the world’s active
volcanoes are positioned. Volcanoes can also form from weak spots in the Earth’s surface
called hotspots, where hot magma can rise up through the middle of a tectonic plate.
However, scientists believe that the island of Bermuda developed in a very different way.
Bermuda is a small group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, around 1,000 kilometers east of the
US. It has been a British territory since 1612 and its Main Island is relatively flat, with its
highest point just 79 meters high. In the past, scientists made the assumption that Bermuda
formed from a hotspot, like the islands of Hawaii. However, something puzzled them because
Bermuda did not match the same pattern as these other islands. For example, Bermuda does
not have a chain of islands like Hawaii, and there is no volcanic spot near Bermuda that caused
the islands to appear.
So how did Bermuda form? In 1972, in order to learn more about the formation of the island,
scientists drilled down to take out a 790-meter pillar of rock from near Bermuda’s airport.
Scientists looked at the rock sample but did not have the technology to find out very much
about it, so it was stored at a university in Canada and largely forgotten for 50 years.
Later, scientists began examining the rock sample again, but now with new knowledge and
technology. They published results in 2019. They had discovered that the rock contained
different types of metals such as lead and uranium, as well as diamonds and carbon dioxide.
These materials allowed scientists to figure out the age of the rocks and how the materials had
gotten there.
By examining the rock pillar, scientists found Bermuda formed in an original way. Millions of
years ago, the continents gradually divided and formed the Atlantic Ocean. When this
happened, parts of the tectonic plates were forced far under the Earth’s surface. Then, around
30 million years ago, something eventually forced material from far beneath the Earth to start
to move upwards. This activity carried some of the buried tectonic plates towards the surface.
Meanwhile, the heat of this movement made all of these materials into hot magma, which
 Unit test

forced itself out of the ocean floor to form a volcano. The result of this volcano was a new
series of islands: Bermuda.
Thanks to this discovery, scientists think that they have found a new way that volcanoes can
form. Why does this matter? We need to know as much as we can about volcanoes: their
eruptions can be deadly. When a volcano erupts, lava and rock can fall to the ground at up to
700 kilometers an hour. Ash and gases from volcanoes can also be poisonous to breathe. One
of the worst volcanoes in history, in Indonesia in 1815, is believed to have killed at least
10,000 people near the eruption and around another 80,000 people from its after effects. So
the more we understand about volcanoes, the better we can be prepared for what they throw
at us. Because there is one thing we do know: whatever we discover about volcanoes, they will
always be a threat.
2 Read the text again and choose the best options.
1 “Tectonic plates” are… .
a parts of a volcano
b hot rocks
c parts of the Earth’s outer shell that move

2 What is the Ring of Fire?

a a very large volcano
b volcanoes found along the edges of tectonic plates
c the location of 75% of volcanoes

3 Magma is… .
a a type of hot liquid found under the Earth’s crust
b a type of rock found on top of volcanoes
c a type of volcano

4 Which of these is not a reason that Bermuda is different to Hawaii?

a Bermuda doesn’t have a nearby volcanic hotspot.
b Bermuda is not a chain of islands.
c Bermuda is volcanic in origin.

5 A “pillar” of rock is … .
a a tall, thin piece of rock
b a very old piece of rock
c a broken rock

6 Lead and uranium are examples of … .

a rocks from the rock pillar
b metals from the rock pillar
c gases from the rock pillar
 Unit test

7 What happened to parts of the tectonic plates when the continents divided?
a They were forced together.
b They were forced apart.
c They were forced under the ground.

8 Why is it important to understand volcanoes?

a so that we can understand Bermuda better
b so that we be better prepared when they erupt
c so that we can understand what happened in the past

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 Unit test

Writing
TASK Write a process essay about something you know how to do. You could write about how to construct
something, how to conduct an experiment, or your own idea.

1 Look at the paragraph plan below and use it to plan your essay.

Introduction: give some background information

One or more main paragraphs: give a step-by-step description
Conclusion: reflect on the purpose of the process and its outcome

2 Now use your plan to write the first draft of your process essay. Include diagrams or illustrations if needed.
Write 140190 words.

3 Read through your first draft. Check it and revise it if necessary. Then write your final draft.

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