UNIT 5: GLOBAL WARMING

TEST 5
Ex 1. Circle A. B. C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. infectious B. emission C. measure D. shortage
2. A. reduces B. diseases C. changes D. captures
3. A. genius B. gorilla C. global D. gases
4. A. pollution B. poaching C. physical D. pesticide
5. A. increase B. release C. please D. grease

Ex 2. Circle A. B. C. or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the
primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. atmospheric B. renewable C. residential D. catastrophic
2. A. disruption B. pollutant C. emission D. atmosphere
3. A. campaign B. balance C. methane D. carbon
4. A. natural B. endangered C. dangerous D. primary
5. A. rainforest B. obstacle C. pollutant D. animal

Ex 3. Supply the correct form of the verbs in the brackets, using present participles and past participles
1. ___________________ (encourage) by all the teachers, Alex joined the IAS coaching.
2. _______________(finish) my homework, I breathed a sigh of relief.
3. _______________(wrap) the sandwiches in tinfoil, they were rgoing to open the restaurant
4. ___________________ (remove) his glasses, the professor shook his head with disappointment
5. ___________________ (smile) from ear to ear, Anne opened the present.
6. ___________________ (arrive) at the store, I found that it was closed.
7. ___________________ (speed) down the highway, Bob didn't notice the police car
8. ___________________ (write) by a famous author, the book was a best-seller.
9. ___________________ (feel) sympathy for Martin, Daryl offered to help.
10. ___________________ (realize) that there was no hope to save his business, he gave up.
11. ___________________ (surprise) at my reaction, she tried to console me.
12. ___________________ (scare) of making mistakes, he answered very slowly.

Ex 4. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in capitals
1. ___________________________ energy is natural energy source such as wind, water, and sunlight which are
always available. (NEW)
2. World leaders, climate experts and national _______________________ will carefully disucss the measures to
make global progress on climate change (REPRESENT)
3. Recycling is an effective _______________________ to environemental pollution (SOLVE)
4. Methane comes from farming ____________________ and landfill waste (ACT)
5. The _______________________ and use of coal, oil, and natural gas also release methane (PRODUCE)
6. Madagascar suffers from a high rate of ___________________ (FOREST).
7. When people can understand clearly the __________ impacts, they will be more aware of conserving forests.
(environment)
8. Air __________ can cause acid rain which damages water, soil and vegetation. (POLLUTE).

Ex 5. Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition

1. She referred _____________ the solution several times during her speech about ways to preserve the
environment
2. Renewable energy can be replaced naturally without being used _____________
3. Black carbon speeding _______________ melting of glaciers, and rising sea level
4. Carbon from fossil fuels combines _______________ oxygen in the air to form large amoutns of CO2
5. We should recycle plastic bags rather than throw _____________ in order to protect the environment
6. Some farmers were worried ______________ the consequences of deforestation, so they stopped burning trees
7. Fossil fuels will be used up in this century while renewable energy will never run ____________
8. Farming provides us ______________ the food that we eat every day
9. Numerous farmers now switch _______________ biological fertilizers to boost the crop growth
10. Global warming is linked ______________ rising sea levels because it can lead to polar ice melting
11. Rising temperatures have already been contributing _______________ faster melting of glaciers.
12. Trapping too much of the sun’s heat, greenhouse gases stop it _______________ escaping back into space

Ex 6. Circle A. B. C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

1. In the ___________ agriculture, farmers try to limit the use of chemicals and fertilizers.
A. sustainable B. conserving C. preserving D. supporting
2. In Singapore, people try to ___________ 80% of all waste.
A. reprocess B. reclaim C. recycle D. reuse
3. We need to act quickly to ___________ to climate change, or it will be a disaster for the whole planet.
A. adapt B. go back C. reverse D. transit
4. There's no easy solution ________ this problem.
A. at B. for C. with D. to
5. My sister ________ me not to trust him.
A. caused B. warned C. refused D. denied
6. I've ________ of milk - would you like some creamer instead?
A. picked up B. run out C. hung up D. taken up
7. ________! There's a car coming!
A. Put back B. Go off C. Watch out D. Run out
8. During the last hundred years we have done great ____ to the environment.
A. injury B. pollution C. damage D. hurt
9. There are lots of things we can all do to ____ the environment.
A. enhance B. protect C. make D. build
10. Make sure your car runs on unleaded petrol and your home uses sources of ____ energy.
A. recycling B. reused C. renewable D. recyclable
11. Most of the air pollution results ____ the burning of fossil fuels, motor vehicles, factories, aircraft and
rockets.
A. in B. to C. on D. from
12. Environmental pollution is becoming an ____ serious problem that needs to be taken care of as soon as
possible.
A. increasingly B. increasing C. increase D. increased
13. _________air makes people unpleasant to breathe.
a. Pollute b. Pollution. c. Polluted d. Polluting
14. People are destroying the air by adding _________ to it.
A. pollutants B. polluters C. pollution D. polluted
15. Nonrenewable energy has negative ______________ on the environment.
A, impact B, benefit C, quality
D, warning
16. People will mainly use __________ fuels such as wind and sun energy for transport.
A, fossil B, nonrenewable C, effective
D, renewable
17. People’s lives will continue to be _________ because of the continuous risk of earthquakes and tsunamis
here.
A, threat B, threatening C, threatened D,
satisfied
18. The overuse of _____________ fertilisers and deforestation contribute to global warming
A, chemist B, chemistry C, chemical D,
chemist’s
19. We need to preserve the ______________ of wildlife because each of species has an important role to play.
A, various B, diverse C, diversity D,
extinction
20. ____________________ include coal, oil and natural gas.
A, Pollutants B, Renewable energy C, Fossil fuels D,
Chemical fertilizers
21. Coal, gas and oil are ______________ forms of energy that cannot be replaced after used.
A, unlimited B, renewable C, nonrenewable D,
contaminated
22. The _____________ is the natural world in which people, animals and plants live
A, ecosystem B, ecology C, nature D,
environment
23. As a student, I think I should study more and be more responsible for making contribution ______
preserving our environment better.
A. on B. of C. from D. to

Ex 7. Circle A. B. C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)

1. The river was polluted when the residents released a huge amount of sewage
A. comtaminated B. disappeared C. purified D. endangered
2. Many species are threatened with extinction due to deforestation and loss of habitat.
A. damaged B. spoilt C. treated D. endangered
3. For calculating a calendar, it is convenient to use the tropical solar year.
A. practical B. critical C. necessary D. appropriate
4. The medical community continues to make progress in the fight against cancer.
A. speed B. expect more C. do better D. treat better
5. We oppose this war, as we would do any other war which created an environmental catastrophe.
A. pollution B. disaster C. convention D. epidemic
6. Many young children are spending large amounts of time watching the TV without being aware of its
detriment to their school work.
A. harm B. advantage C. support D. benefit
7. Watch out! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out B. Look up C. Look on D. Look after
8. The crew divided the life preservers among the twenty terrified passengers as the ship began to sink.
A. exhausted B. surprised C. frightened D. excited
9. As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and fauna of the island.
A. fruits and vegetables B. flowers and trees
C. plants and animals D. mountains and forests
10. Being listed as an endangered species can have negative effect since it could make a species more desirable
for collectors and poachers.
A. awareness B. preservation C. support D. impact
11. The Bali Tiger was declared extinct in 1937 due to hunting and habitat loss.
A. reserve B. generation C. natural environment D. diversity
12. Humans depend on species diversity to provide food, clean air and water, and fertile soil for agriculture.
A. raise B. produce C. supply D. reserve
13. Many schools provide environmental education to increase students' awareness of conservation needs.
A. effort B. benefit C. exploitation D. knowledge
14. The medical community continues to make progress in the fight against cancer.
A. speed B. expectation C. improvement D. treatment
15. Telecommunication is bound to have a huge influence on various aspects of our lives.
A. depression B. technique C. expect D. impact
16. Humans depend on species diversity to provide food, clean air and water, and fertile soil for agriculture.
A. destruction B. contamination C. fertilizer D. variety
17. Life on Earth is disappearing fast and will continue to do so unless urgent action is taken.
A. vanishing B. damaging C. polluting D. destroying
18. Hunting for meat and burning forests for soil cause destruction to wildlife.
A. organization B. contamination C. protection D. damage
19. Local people have cut down the forests to make space for farming.
A allow farming to take place B. lose way in farming C. have a way of farming
D. give way to farming
20. Reusing and recycling glass, plastic, paper and other products help to reduce waste and pollution, and
conserve natural resources.
A. preserve B. reserve C. converse D. reverse
21. Air pollution is a consequence of fossil fuel burning by motor vehicles, factories, aircraft and rockets.
A. product B. example C. harm D. result

Ex 8. Circle A. B. C. or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.

1. Two friends Nam and Lan are talking about the topic of global warming.
~ Nam: What are the main threats to the environment today?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. Threats are possible dangers to the environment.
B. Probably deforestation and global warming.
C. Environmental pollution is a big issue for our planet.
D. We need a clean environment to live in.
2. ~ Nam: What causes global warming?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. Changes in weather patterns resulting from global warming.
B. Too much carbon dioxide being trapped in the atmosphere.
C. Catastrophic consequences of global warming.
D. Common global warming consequences.
3. ~ Nam: What are the consequences of global warming?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. Global warming causes many consequences. B. Consequences of global warming is catastrophic.
C. Icebergs melt and low-lying areas are flooded. D. More trees are being cut down.
4. ~ Lan: How can ordinary people help protect the environment?
~ Nam: "..................
A. Only ordinary people can do to help the environment. B. Environment really needs our help.
C. We may use environmentally-friendly products. D. Both governments and individuals are to blame on.
5. ~ Nam: Do you do anything to protect the environment?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. I refuse to use plastic bags and try to recycle as much as possible.
B. I use a lot of plastic bags and containers to save the environmen
C. I'm not interested in the subject of environment.
D. I don't want to change my lifestyle.
6. ~ Lan: What solution to air pollution can you suggest?
~ Nam: ".................."
A. Air pollution is really serious these days. B. Smoke from factory chimneys pollutes the air.
C. Air pollution causes acid rain. D. People should use public means of transport.
7. ~ Nam: What is the biggest environmental problem facing our country?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. Too much toxic sewage is dumped at sea. B. All countries face environmental problems.
C. No one can help protect the environment. D. Our country is facing the biggest environmental
problem.
8. ~ Nam: Is global warming a problem in our country?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. Global warming is getting more and more serious.
B. Governments are closely working together to solve environmental problems.
C. Global warming causes sea level to rise.
D. Probably. The temperatures are getting hotter year by year in the area.
9. ~ Nam: Why is global warming a problem?
~ Lan: ".................."
A. People find it difficult to adapt to the changes in the weather patterns.
B. Global warming can benefit people in certain areas.
C. There's no need to worry about global warming.
D. Global warming is a very interesting topic for presentation.
10. ~ Lan: How can we help to fight deforestation? ~ Nam: ".................."
A. We may recycle paper and buy recycled paper products.
B. We may cut down trees at an alarming rate.
C. We should only cut branches of big trees.
D. We should set up animal ranches near forests.

Ex 9. Rewrite the following sentences as long as the meaning is unchanged, using participles
1. She lay in her bed and wept bitter tears.
She ______________________________________________________________
2. She stood at the corner and talked to her friends.
She ______________________________________________________________
3. The children went from house to house. They played trick or treat.
The children ______________________________________________________________
4. He was very tall. He became a basketball player.
Being ______________________________________________________________
5. He was waiting in the hall. He overheard a conversation.
Waiting ______________________________________________________________
6. We were sitting in the bus shelter and waited for the rain to stop.
We ______________________________________________________________
7. We had great fun at the party. We played silly games.
We ______________________________________________________________
8. They were chatting along and didn't see the car coming.
Chatting ______________________________________________________________
9. He was picked up by his mother and didn't have to wait for the bus.
Picked ______________________________________________________________
10. She was listening to the radio and didn't hear the doorbell.
Listening ______________________________________________________________

Ex 10. Rewrite the following sentences as long as the meaning is unchanged, using participles
1. As she was on holiday, she couldn't go to the party.
→ Being ______________________________________________________________
2. While she was preparing dinner, she cut her finger.
→ While ______________________________________________________________
3. When I travel around Ireland, I always stay in youth hostels.
→ When ______________________________________________________________
4. Since she didn't hear the doorbell, she missed the delivery.
→ Not ______________________________________________________________
5. Since he didn't feel well, he stayed in bed.
→ Not ______________________________________________________________
6. I often saw her at the disco. She was surrounded by her admirers.
I ______________________________________________________________
7. He was loved by all who knew her. He devoted his life to others.
Loved ______________________________________________________________
8. If I am accepted for the job, I’ll have to start at the beginning of next month.
Accepted ______________________________________________________________
9. I was exhausted through lack of sleep and fell asleep at my desk.
Exhausted ______________________________________________________________
10. Since it was written many years ago, the book is not suitable for youngsters now
Written ______________________________________________________________

Ex 11. Read the following text and choose the best answer to fill in the blanks
Although the earth was formed about 4,500 million years ago, human beings have inhabited it for less than
half a million years. Within this time, population (1) __________ hugely and people have had a vast impact (2)
____ the earth. They have long been able to put the forces of nature to use. Now, with modern technology, they
have the power to alter the balance of life on earth.
Reports helped eliminate the dangerous belief that the world had no boundaries and had limitless resources. (3)
_______________, ecologists have shown that all forms of life on earth are interconnected, so it follows that all
human activity has an effect on the natural environment.
 In recent years, people have been (4) ________ the environment under stress. As a result, certain raw
materials such as timber, water and minerals are beginning to run short. Pollution and the (5) _______ of waste
are already critical issues, and the state of the environment is fast becoming the most pressing problem
confronting us all. The way we respond (6) _________ the challenge will have a profound effect on the earth and
its life support system
However, despite all these threats, there are reassuring signs. (7) __________ the past few decades, the
growth in population has been more than matched by food production, indicating that we should be able to feed
ourselves for some time yet.
1. A, have increased B, has increased C, increased D, increases
2. A, in B, on C, at D, into
3. A, However B, Although C, Moreover D, But
4. A, taking B, having C, putting D, making
5. A, burning B, disposal C, absorbing D, applying
6. A, for B, in C, of D, to
7. A, Since B, At C, For D, About

Ex 12. Read the following text and choose the best answer to fill in the blanks
Coal, oil, and natural gas supply modern civilization (1) __________ most of its power. However, not only are
supplies of these fuels limited, but they are a major source of pollution. If the energy demands of the future are to
be met without seriously harming the environment, existing (2) __________ energy sources must be improved or
further explored and developed. These include nuclear, water, solar, wind, and geothermal power, as well as
energy from new, (3) __________ types of fuels. Each of these alternatives, however, has advantages and
disadvantages.
Nuclear power plants efficiently produce large amounts of electricity without polluting the atmosphere;
however, they are costly to build and maintain, and they pose the daunting problem of what to do with nuclear
wastes. Hydroelectric power is (4) __________ and environmentally safe, but impractical for communities
located far from moving water. Harnessing energy from tides and waves has similar drawbacks. Solar power
holds great promise for the future but methods of collecting and –concentrating sunlight are as yet (5)
__________, as are methods of harnessing wind power.
1. A. on B. for C. with D. of
2. A. alternate B. alternative C. alternatively D. alter
3. A. nonpolluting B. pollution C. polluted D. polluting
4. A. expensively B. inexpensively C. expensive D. inexpensive
5. A. efficient B. efficiently C. inefficient D. inefficiently

Ex 13. Read the following passage and circle A. B. C. or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth. It is becoming warmer. Scientists
predict that there will be major changes in the climate during the 21st century. Coastal waters will have higher
temperatures. This will have a serious effect on agriculture. Farmers will have trouble producing good crops. In
warm regions, the weather will be too dry. The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent. This would cause
a large decrease in agricultural production.
World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle of the 21st century. And the
increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. A rise in temperature could
cause the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters. Many
coastal cities would be underwater. Why is all this happening?
The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun. The atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun
pass through to warm the Earth. The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the
atmosphere. Much of this energy escapes from the Earth’s atmosphere. However, some of it remains. Gases such
as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat. Then, this heat is sent back
down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer.
Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems. Too much
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping. Too much heat is sent back down to the
Earth, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase. When oil, gas, and coal burn,
they create large amounts of carbon dioxide. The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps
to increase the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon
dioxide in the air will double by the late 2000s.
Scientists call this warming of the Earth and its atmosphere “the greenhouse effect”. A greenhouse, made of
glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown. The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and
warms the air inside. The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm. This is exactly
what is happening on the Earth.
Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere. Ozone
is a form of oxygen. In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer of ozone helps to protect the Earth
from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun. If your skin receives too much of this light, you
would develop skin cancer. We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves. But the ozone layer is in trouble.
Scientists have observed that the ozone layer is becoming thin, and above Antarctica there is a hole. This allows
too much of the sun’s dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer.
Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now. We need to continue to do research, so we can
predict what will happen in the future. We must burn less coal, oil, and gas. Other scientists believe that the
problem is not so serious. They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don’t need to worry
about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate. Most scientists agree that the
causes of the world’s climate are very complicated. They say that we must continue to measure the amount of
carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere. Scientists also encourage people to learn about the changes that are
occurring in the world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere.
(https://climate.nasa.gov/effects/)
1. Which of the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth?
A. Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house.
B. The amount of water will be decreased by half.
C. Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat.
D. There will be no winter on earth.
2. A rise in temperature will be more remarkable ____.
A. in the Arctic and Antarctic regions B. in the coastal cities
C. by the year 2050 D. under the great ice sheets
3. The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead to ____.
A. a rise in global temperature B. the extinction of many polar animals
C. flooding of many coastal cities D. a serve winter all over the world
4. The Earth wouldn’t become warmer if ____.
A. the heat energy didn’t escape from the Earth’s atmosphere
B. sunlight didn’t pass through the atmosphere
C. the Earth didn’t send heat energy back into the atmosphere
D. carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn’t retain the heat energy
5. When the rainforests are destroyed ____.
A. people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel.
B. heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere.
C. there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide.
D. serious problems are caused for the scientists.
6. How useful is the ozone layer?
A. It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun.
B. It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide.
C. It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool.
D. It helps treat skin cancer.
7. The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are ____.
A. the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice
B. the burning of fossil fuels and the changes of the climate
C. the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer
D. the ignorance of greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer
8. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The global warming B. The greenhouse effect
C. The heat energy D. The change of climate in the poles