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    Worksheet 1 - Endocrine - 2022 (11th Ed)

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    ahmadmahdi18m
    The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology related to endocrine topics such as the biochemistry, secretion, and transport of hormones. It discusses the two major control systems of the body being the endocrine and nervous systems. It also covers topics like the classes of chemicals like hormones, neurotransmitters, autocrines and paracrines. Additionally, it summarizes the properties of different types of hormones like their solubility, classification and the organs/cells involved in their synthesis.

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    Worksheet 1 - Endocrine - 2022 (11th Ed)

    Uploaded by

    ahmadmahdi18m
    26 views4 pages
    The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology related to endocrine topics such as the biochemistry, secretion, and transport of hormones. It discusses the two major control systems of the body being the endocrine and nervous systems. It also covers topics like the classes of chemicals like hormones, neurotransmitters, autocrines and paracrines. Additionally, it summarizes the properties of different types of hormones like their solubility, classification and the organs/cells involved in their synthesis.

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    Worksheet 1 - Endocrine - 2022 (11th ed)

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    The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology related to endocrine topics such as the biochemistry, secretion, and transport of hormones. It discusses the two major control systems of the body being the endocrine and nervous systems. It also covers topics like the classes of chemicals like hormones, neurotransmitters, autocrines and paracrines. Additionally, it summarizes the properties of different types of hormones like their solubility, classification and the organs/cells involved in their synthesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views4 pages

    Worksheet 1 - Endocrine - 2022 (11th Ed)

    Uploaded by

    ahmadmahdi18m
    The document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology related to endocrine topics such as the biochemistry, secretion, and transport of hormones. It discusses the two major control systems of the body being the endocrine and nervous systems. It also covers topics like the classes of chemicals like hormones, neurotransmitters, autocrines and paracrines. Additionally, it summarizes the properties of different types of hormones like their solubility, classification and the organs/cells involved in their synthesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Human Anatomy & Physiology

    Endocrine Topics: Biochemistry, Secretion, & Transport of Hormones


    Name_______________________________________________ Section_____________ Date__________________

    Based upon Human Anatomy & Physiology, 11th edition, Marieb & Hoehn, Pearson, 2019
    Updated - December 28, 2022

    Enter the responses on a Scantron Answer Sheet (if used for submission in the class room setting).

    1. The two major control systems of the body are the: (602)
    A. Autocrine & the Endocrine
    B. Autocrine & the Nervous
    C. Autocrine & the Paracrine.
    D. Endocrine & the Nervous
    E. Endocrine & the Paracrine
    2. The more rapid of the two major control systems of the body, usually responding in milliseconds, is the: (602)
    A. Autocrine
    B. Endocrine
    C. Nervous
    D. Paracrine
    E. Neither of the two major control systems control that fast
    3. The chemicals released by the nervous system are called: (396, 413-415)
    A. Autocrines
    B. Hormones
    C. Neurotransmitters
    D. Paracrines
    E. None of the above
    4. Chemicals that exert their effects on the same cells that secrete them are called: (603)
    A. Autocrines
    B. Hormones
    C. Neurotransmitters
    D. Paracrines
    E. None of the above
    5. Chemicals that exert their effects locally, affecting cells other than those that released them, are called: (603)
    A. Autocrines
    B. Hormones
    C. Neurotransmitters
    D. Paracrines
    E. None of the above

    Using the key: A. Lipid-soluble


    B. Water-soluble
    Indicate the solubility of each of the following chemicals. (603)
    6. A B Peptides
    7. A B Steroids
    8. A B Thyroid hormone

    9. Steroids are made from the molecule (603)


    A. Cholesterol
    B. Ethanol
    C. Glucose
    D. Glycerol
    E. Sucrose
    Using the key: A. Amino-acid based hormones
    B. Eicosanoids
    C. Steroids or Steroid hormones
    Indicate the class into which each of the following chemicals falls. (603, 623, 626)
    10. A B C Cortisol
    11. A B C Epinephrine
    12. A B C Leukotrienes
    13. A B C Prostaglandins

    14. T F Fat-soluble hormones, e.g. thyroid hormone, can directly enter the plasma membrane to activate target cells. (603)

    15. Second-messenger signaling systems are needed for (604)


    A. Fat-soluble hormones
    B. Thyroid hormones
    C. Water-soluble hormones
    16. G-proteins are used in connection with (604)
    A. Fat-soluble hormones
    B. Thyroid hormones
    C. Water-soluble hormones
    17. Intracellular receptors and Direct gene activation are associated with (606)
    A. Fat-soluble hormones
    B. Thyroid hormones
    C. Water-soluble hormones
    D. All of the above
    E. A and B only
    18. What types of stimuli control the secretion of many, most, hormones? (607)
    A. Hormonal
    B. Humoral
    C. Neural
    D. All of the above
    E. A and B only

    19. T F The half-life of a chemical is the time it takes for the concentration to be reduced to one half if its initial value. (608)

    20. The situation in which one hormone cannot exert its full effects without another hormone being present is called: (609)
    A. Antagonism
    B. Permissiveness
    C. Synergism
    21. The situation that occurs when more than one hormone produces the same effects at the target cell and their combined effects are
    amplified. (609)
    A. Antagonism
    B. Permissiveness
    C. Synergism
    22. The situation in which one hormone opposes the action of another hormone. (609)
    A. Antagonism
    B. Permissiveness
    C. Synergism
    23. Peptide hormones (such as ACTH) are often synthesized on ribosomes as large precursor molecules called (616)
    A. DNA
    B. mRNA
    C. Preprohormones
    D. Prohormones
    E. tRNA
    24. Thyroid hormone contains the special (trace) element (617)
    A. Cobalt
    B. Chromium
    C. Iodine
    D. Iron
    E. Zinc
    25. Thyroid hormone actually includes two molecules (618)
    A. Diiodotyrosine and Monoiodotyrosine
    B. Diiodotyrosine and Triiodothyronine
    C. Monoiodotyrosine and Thyroxine
    D. Monoiodotyrosine and Triiodothyronine
    E. Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine

    Thyroglobulin (619)
    26. T F has tyrosine as one of its important amino acids
    27. T F is made in the thyroid follicle cells

    28. Tyrosine (619)


    A. Can bind only 1 iodine atom
    B. Always binds 2 iodine atoms
    C. Binds either 1 or 2 iodine atoms
    D. Doesn’t bind iodine atoms
    29. The thyroid gland releases (620)
    A. About equal amounts of T3 and T4
    B. More T3 than T4
    C. More T4 than T3
    30. The activity level of T3 and T4 is (620)
    A. T3 and T4 are about equally active
    B. T3 is less active than T4
    C. T3 is more active than T4
    31. Produced by the inner portion of the adrenal cortex (623)
    A. Cholesterol
    B. Cortisol
    C. Epinephrine
    D. Norepinephrine
    32. Cells of the adrenal medulla are modified forms of what part of the sympathetic nervous system? (627)
    A. First-order sensory neurons
    B. Lower motor neurons
    C. Postganglionic neurons
    D. Preganglionic neurons
    E. Upper motor neurons

    Using the key: A. Adrenal medulla cells


    B. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons
    C. Both A and B
    D. Neither A nor B
    Answer the following questions.
    33. A B C D Lack axons (542)
    34. A B C D Produce epinephrine (542)
    35. A B C D Primarily produce norepinephrine (421, 535)
    36. A B C D Produce catecholamines (423, 627)
    37. A B C D Product is released into a synapse
    38. A B C D Release product into the blood stream
    39. A B C D Product functions as a neurotransmitter
    40. A B C D Product functions as a hormone
    41. A B C D Triggered by preganglionic sympathetic fibers (540)

    42. The smallest peptide is made from a chain of how many amino acids? (48)
    A. 2
    B. 3
    C. 4
    D. 5
    E. None of the above
    43. A polypeptide is a chain of at least how many amino acids? (48)
    A. 5
    B. 10
    C. 25
    D. 50
    E. 100
    44. A protein is defined as a chain of more than how many amino acids? (48)
    A. 10
    B. 25
    C. 50
    D. 100
    E. 500
    45. Proteins are made from chains of amino acids that can contain more than how many amino acids? (48)
    A. 50
    B. 200
    C. 500
    D. 3,000
    E. 10,000
    46. The biogenic amines called the catecholamines are derived from the amino acid (423)
    A. Alanine
    B. Arginine
    C. Asparagine
    D. Glycine
    E. Tyrosine
    47. Which of the following hormones is not a catecholamine? (423)
    A. Dopamine
    B. Epinephrine
    C. Norepinephrine
    D. Serotonin
    48. Insulin is what kind of a molecule? (630)
    A. Amine
    B. Amino acid
    C. Peptide
    D. Protein
    E. Saccharide
    49. Insulin is made in what organ? (630)
    A. Duodenum (small intestine)
    B. Liver
    C. Mouth
    D. Pancreas
    E. Stomach
    50. Insulin is made in what cells? (630)
    A. á-cells
    B. â-cells
    C. ã-cells
    D. ä-cells
    E. F cells

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