CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the recent years, there has been significant influx not only in the awareness of

changes in the prices of different products called- TAX Reform Law or Commonly

known as TRAIN LAW but of course the high percentage of Art Industry’s dump waste

that contain chemicals with one single use of watercolor waste into our drainage system,

it takes minutes to mix up with our bodies of waters such as rivers, lakes and streams.

Toxic waste of paints from single use does not only affect the drainage system but also

affects the consumers health for commercial watercolor paints contains toxic chemicals

such as cadmiums and gum Arabic.

Watercolor paint is mixing pigments with a binder, usually gum Arabic, and then

applying it with water to support such as vellum (fine animal skin) or paper. The gum

Arabic holds the paint together and keeps it from flaking off the paper when dry. Paints

are made into dry cakes or packaged moist in tubes. Watercolor often used for painting

outdoor, also perfect medium for doing quick sketches and also for plein air painting.

Flowers are commonly known as bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure

found in flowering plants. It is the part of a plant that produces seeds, is often brightly

colored, and sometimes has a pleasant smell or a plant that produces this part, and a part

of a plant which is often grows at the end of a stem and only survives for a short time.

1
 The researchers conduct this study to look an alternative way to make a

watercolor. People know that flower has a multiple uses in our daily life because it helps

in adding the feel and beauty of nature that surround us. It can be used in decorating

different occasion like wedding, Valentine’s Day etc. It can even use for decorating foods

like cake to make it more beautiful, flowers can even use in cosmetics, bathing, spa and

even to worship. But do we even know that flowers can also be a replacement for

commercial watercolor, and more factual it is greater to use alternative watercolor than

commercial watercolor because it is more eco-friendly.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. Are paints from flower petals are more effective and beneficial than commercially

produced as watercolor?

2. Does Republic Act. NO.10963 has affected the demand of consumers most

importantly artists?

3. Are commercial Paints that contains Gum Arabic and Synthetic glycol risky to

every consumer’s health?

HYPOTHESIS

Ho

1. Production of watercolor paints does not affect the environment.

2. Watercolor production does not change its price as years passed by

3. Commercial paints are unrelated to consumer’s health

2
 Ha

1. Watercolor paints from petal are environment friendly other than commercial

paints.

2. Production of paints goes up as per demand and prices may vary.

3. Commercial paints are toxic for they contain Health risk chemical like Gum

Arabic and Synthetic glycol.

OBJECTIVES

Objective of the research enables the research to collect necessary relevant

information.

Objectives are:

To be able to produce watercolor paint out of flower petals.

To improve the previous studies and products this time, environment friendly

and non-toxic

To produce something that can benefit the art industry in a cheaper price

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researchers conduct this research so that they can share some knowledge to

some artists or people who just love to paint. This research helps the student to have more

ideas about the things that they don’t know. Also this research helps the community on

how to recycle some other things and give them ideas to solve their problem without

buying some expensive things.

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SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

This research will determine the effectiveness of flower petals (Magnoliophyta)

as an alternative way of making watercolor. Conducting of the research will be done with

the help of the websites if the researchers may encounter difficulties. Furthermore, this

research is limited only in determining the effectiveness of flower petals as an alternative

watercolor. No other part of the flower will be used than the specific one.

Different flower petals will be used in this study, Flower petals may found in the

front yard and back yard of the researcher’s houses. Only colorful flower petals were

collected.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The various economic and environment problems have made us, the researchers

to further conduct a thorough study about the alternativeness of flower petals as

watercolor paint. The widespread affection of Tax Reform law is one of the reasons that

led us to this experiment. Considering that the Art Industry is important to the society.

A simple flower as the main ingredients of our product can lessen the problems of

the environment instead of disposing the waste in our drainage system, this can be

sprinkled directly to our plants because it doesn’t contain harmful chemicals such as

cadmiums and other chemical minerals that affect the consumer’s health. According to

the blog of Chris Breier, it is also more affordable than other any paint like acrylic and oil

paints. Thus, being able to produce watercolor out of flower petal can benefit the Art

Industry for it contains natural ingredients and can also enhance the plants when

disposing it. Also according to Michael I. Greenberg on his book that was published on

4
2003 he stated that commercial watercolor paint has pigments and ingredients that can

harm the health of a person if used improperly. Even the professional painters or art

designer face this kind of issue, example when they accidentally put their brush on their

lips, the chemicals will start to spread even if you wash it still the toxic ingredients will

still be there.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Conceptual framework is presented in figure 1

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Flower petals Extraction of flower Flower petals as

an alternative
Hot water Petals ( Magnoliophyta)
watercolor paint

Figure 1: The Conceptual Framework of the Study

DEFINITION OF TERMS

FLOWER- a colorful part of a plant, it is use to give color for the alternative

watercolor.

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 GUM ARABIC- it is one of the ingredient of watercolor. It uses to binder

watercolor.

SYNTHETIC GLYCOL- other ingredients of watercolor that also binder the

watercolor.

COMMERCIAL PAINT – watercolor that we are buying in the stores. The one

that has a toxic ingredients.

WATERCOLOR- medium that we use to give color on our art, it could either

have a toxic ingredient or non-toxic ingredient.

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 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to William Reeves, the one who invented the watercolor and the first

one who sell watercolor in the year 1766. He stated that adding honey to a soluble dry

cake watercolor will make the paint for manufacture in various ways. Honey is a natural

humectant, attracting and retaining moisture. He was given an award “for the

manufacture of watercolor improved” in 1781 for his moist pan watercolors. ( Larry

Henke and Ronald Bodoh, 1985-2011)

Potentially harmful exposure to the paint artist can occur through cutaneous

exposure, inhalation or ingestion. The artist’s habit of “pointing” the paintbrush with the

lips may result in inadvertent ingestion. Eating, drinking, or smoking in the workplace

can lead to accidental ingestion and also increases the risk of exposure. Inhalation of

powdered pigments or spray mist may occur while air brushing or using spray fixations.

(Michael I. Greenberg, 2003)

Traditional transparent watercolor is finely ground pigment in a water-soluble

binder such as Gum Arabic. Gum Arabic is water-soluble gum produced by a species of

the acacia tree and is available in crystalline form or in prepared solutions. The gum

Arabic crystals or granules are transparent when pure, but less highly refined varieties

7
can be yellowish to honey colored. Gum Arabic is also used in inks, adhesives,

pharmaceuticals and confections. (CUCO.CO INC., 1999-2019)

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

Lead has tendency to accumulate slowly in the body when ingested over

prolonged period of time. Lead may deposited in the bones and teeth, and can be found in

blood. Chronic lead poisoning can cause nervous system toxicity and renal tubular

dysfunction leading to irreversible interstitial nephritis with progressive renal impairment

and hypertension. Lead can also depress blood synthesis and shortens the life span of

erythrocytes or red blood cells, causing hypochromic microcytic anemia. (Food and Drug

Administration, 2014)

Paint is made from pigments, vehicles, and binders. The two primary health

hazards facing the paint artists are exposure to the pigments in the paint and exposure to

solvents used as thinners or in cleanup. Other materials in paint include vehicles,

preservatives, binders and solvents. Most of the vehicles and binders (such as drying oils,

egg yolks, gums and casein) are essentially nontoxic except for quicklime, which is a skin

and lung irritant. (Michael I. Greenberg, 2003)

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 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods of research, the instrument and the procedure

used in gathering data, the sources of data and procedure on how to make the product.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The research study allows the students to determine if the flower petals are

effective to use for making an alternative watercolor.

Experimental study helps the researchers to describe the effect of the extraction of

flower petal in making an alternative watercolor by trying the extract of the flower into a

sketch pad.

The study will not be able to effect properly without having knowledge about the

steps of how to create an alternative watercolor.

SOURCES OF DATA

This study used primary and secondary sources of data. Primary data from the

experiment itself, can gain new knowledge to our research study. The secondary source

of data are internet, books, any other related this source helps us to collect new

information that comes from different people.

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SAMPLING PROCEDURE

Materials:

1. Flower Petals 5. Glass Container

2. Hot Water

3. Mortar and Pestle

Procedure:

1. Pick any variety of flowers of your choice

2. Pull flower petals off stem and separate colors.

3. Place it on a mortar and pestle for the extraction of the petals

4. Boil water (1 cup)

5. Place it in a bowl

6. Place the crash petals to a cloth and squeeze it to the bowl where the hot water

is.

7. After squeezing it the extract of the flower petal will comes out and it will

start build the color based on the flower petals that you used.

8. After combining the water and the extract of flower petal put in into the glass

container.

DATA COLLECTION

The researchers use primary data and secondary data, In primary data the

researchers determined the effectiveness of flower petals as an alternative watercolor.

10
 In secondary data the researchers gathered some studies from books and some

past studies related to the research topic.

INSTRUMENTAL DATA

The researchers in this study used 2 types of instrumental data, one is observation

method in which the researchers observe the effectiveness of watercolor out of petals and

another method is Document Analysis which the researchers are able to distinguish those

important information given by the past researchers, also the books to conduct a study

that can substitute toxic watercolor to a eco-friendly product.

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 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the findings of the study, their analysis and interpretation in

the light of the major and specific problems presented. The study focused on determining

the effectiveness of flower petals as an alternative watercolor.

RESULT AND FINDINGS

After the experimentation of the researchers, this chapter presents the result and

the findings about the experimentation of the product.

Researchers say that alternative watercolor they made was successful and great.

While the researchers were doing this experimentation the researchers can’t avoid

committing mistakes, sometimes the process is wrong and the result would be failed, but

in the end the researchers made it properly. Researchers use different kind of flowers to

make this study prove that flower petals can be an alternative watercolor, Researchers use

Blue Ternate ( Clitoria Ternatea) that can be seen in the figure 2, a Small Rose (Rosa)

that can be seen in figure 3 and Yellow Bell (Tecoma Stans) that can be seen in figure 4.

Figure 2: Clitoria Ternatea Figure 3: Rosa Figure 4: Tecoma Stans

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 While the researchers are doing the experiment, they found out that it doesn’t

depend on the color of the flowers that will be extracted. The result after extracting the

chosen flower petals are shown in figures 5, 7 and 9. Together with a picture of color in

commercial watercolor will be shown in figure 6, 8, 10.

Figure 5: Color of the extract of Clitoria Figure 6: Commercial watercolor (Blue)

In Figure 5 is the result after extracting the petals of Blue Ternate, while in figure

6 is the color blue of commercial watercolor. The result of extracting the Blue ternate

flower is not far from the color of the commercial watercolor. Blue Ternate also produces

a blue color when extracting it and combining it into a hot water, however the color

would be more rich if you combine the extract which a ½ water of teaspoon.

13
Figure 8: Color of the extract of Rosa Figure 8: Commercial watercolor (violet)

Figure 8 is the result after extracting the small rose; in figure 8 is the violet color

of commercial watercolor, based on the result the color of the extraction of small rose is

not far from the violet color of commercial watercolor; however the color of the extract

of small rose is darker than the commercial watercolor. Also small rose produced color

violet, which the researchers did not expect because the color of the small rose is fuchsia

pink.

Figure 9: Color of the extraction Figure 10: Color yellow of commercial

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 In Figure 9 is the result of the extraction of Yellow Bell, in figure 10 is the color

of commercial watercolor. The result of the extraction of yellow bell is not far from the

color of commercial watercolor, however the color of commercial watercolor is thicker

than the extraction of yellow bell, Yellow bell also produced color yellow.

Flowers have played a key role all throughout human history. Traces of their

usefulness can be found in various religious texts, folk’s tales and myths. As we

conducted this research study we found out that flower have different use in any things,

and one of that uses is the research that we conducted which the alternative watercolor.

Using our product consumers can avoid the toxic that commercial watercolor have which

can harm people. The result or the findings of this research help us to give new

knowledge to our mind that flower petals are not only for decorating or for gardening.

But it can help us for saving our earth from ruining by the toxic chemicals that

commercials watercolor have.

SUMMARY

The research study focuses on the flower petal as a substitute for the commercial

watercolor. This product help the people mostly the people who love arts, also flower

petal watercolor can help the consumers to save money for buying expensive watercolor

that have toxic materials and at the same time consumers can help our surroundings to be

clean and avoid for ruining. Vegetables and fruits are not the only thing on Earth that

have a

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CONCLUSIONS

Based on the review of related literature, observation and experimentation of the

researchers the conclusions was drawn.

Researcher’s hypothesis was that extracting the flower petals would make a

watercolor. the results do support the hypothesis.

The researchers did a test and it went smoothly, the color of the extraction of the

flower petals is great and it colored on the sketch pad like a commercial watercolor. The

study that researchers have conducted proves that flower petal is effective to be an

alternative watercolor. This study is proven by the past studies and other books.

IMPLICATIONS

Many people use watercolors or paints to express their feelings or just being a

stress reliever. But this commercial watercolor has a content that is toxic and can harm

our health, flower petals as an alternative watercolor can help to avoid ourselves from

being harm to toxic contents of commercial watercolor.

People only know that flower petals are for only in decorating some stuff, for

food or ornaments in the garden. This things are not the only one that flower petal can do,

it can also create a product that can save people from toxic chemicals that can harm them

and product that can save our earth from being ruin.

RECOMMENDATION

Base on the conclusion, the following recommendation are hereby recommended.

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 After conducting this study the researchers find out that if you use flowers that

have a rich color can produce great color and can paint more thick color in the paper,

sketch pad or other painting materials. Flower petals are the modified leaves that

surround the reproductive parts of flowers, this are the often brightly colored or unusually

shaped to attract pollinators.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Larry Henke and Ronald Bodoh, 1985-2011, The first inventor of watercolor.

Retrieved from http:// www.whimsie.com /w%20reeves%20paint%20box%2017

84 %20to%201789.html

Some ideas on how to create flowerpetal watercolor. Retrieved from http://

www.learningplayimagine.com/2013/08/homemade-paint-natural-

watercolors.html?m=l

Retrieved from https:// watercolorpainting.com/pigments/

The effect of content of commercial watercolor and paint. Retrieved from https://

www.qorcolors.com/ healthandsafety

Toxic content of commercial watercolor and paint. Retrieved from http://

www.wetcanvas.com /forums/archive/index.php/t-287723.html

About synthetic glycol .Retrieved from https:// www.handprint.com /

HP/WCL/pigmtl.html

About gum Arabic. Retrieved from https:// www.artinstructionblog.com / what-is-

gum-arabic-used-for-in-watercolor-painting

Report about the toxicity of watercolor in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://

www.gmanetwork.com/ news/news/nation/363525/fa-warns-vs-unregistred-lead-

tainted-watercolor-paints/story/

The effect of the dangerous content of commercial watercolor to people.

Retrievedfromhttp://loyolamedicine.adam.com/content.aspx?

productld=117%isarticlelink=false%pid=1&gid=002748

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 APPENDICES

Picture of the extract of the Flower Petals

Flower petals that used in the experiment

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The extract that produced by yellow bell

The extract that produce by Blue Bell

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 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: BERNADINE CABONSI DOMINGO

Address: Gomes St. Pob. West Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09565623456

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: September 12 2002

Birthplace: Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 17 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: The Church of the Latter day Saints

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Geofrey S. Domingo

Mother’s Name: Josie C. Domingo

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Umingan Central Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: ABIGAIL ACOSTA

Address: Lauren Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09675289919

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: December 06 2002

Birthplace: Rosario Cavite

Age: 16 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Lodivico Acosta

Mother’s Name: Rose Acosta

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Lauren Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

22
Name: JHONAS C. ALACANTARA

Address: Diaz Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09217062036

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: January 7 2003

Birthplace: Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 16 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Rogelio L. Alacantara

Mother’s Name: Gracemay C. Alcantara

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Diaz Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: MARIBEL O. AQUINO

Address: Baracbac Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09776333767

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: August 29 2003

Birthplace: Baracbac Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 16 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Benvienido S. Aquino

Mother’s Name: Mariluz O. Aquino

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Baracbac Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: SHANE Z. DE JESUS

Address: Esperanza Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09216919058

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: June 11 2002

Birthplace: Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 17 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Oliver F. De Jesus

Mother’s Name: Wheng A. Zareno

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Flor De Grace School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: CHRISTIAN A. ORPIADA

Address: Capaz Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09667268402

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: October 31 2002

Birthplace: Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 17 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Renato Orpiada

Mother’s Name: Merlinda Agustin

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Pimienta Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: ALLAN D. PEREZ

Address: Cabatuan Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09199497583

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: August 29 2001

Birthplace: Umingan Pangasinan

Age: 18 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Born Again

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Ronnie B. Perez Sr.

Mother’s Name: Consnelo D. Perez

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Don Alberto Vergara Elementary School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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Name: MEERA MAIDEEN P. POSEDIO

Address: Poblacion East Umingan Pangasinan

Cell no. : 09565623487

Email: [email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birthday: February 4 2003

Birthplace: Caranglaan District Dagupan City

Age: 16 Years Old

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Father’s Name: Primitivo M. Posedio Jr.

Mother’s Name: Maricris Alpha U. Lau

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Elementary:

Immaculate Conception Catholic School (SY: 2007-2015)

Secondary:

Quezon Memorial Academy (SY: 2015-2019)

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