Climate Change - Introduction and Its Impact - G4

Climate Change: Introduction
and its impact

Book Reading Summary
Literary Safari
Background
The activity involved thorough research and compilation of vocabulary and terms related to climate change, environment, and ecology.
The individual is required to read provided resources and explore additional materials on the internet to gather a comprehensive list of
relevant words. The ultimate goal is to create a personal pocket dictionary that can serve as a reference for future studies, with the
understanding that new words will be continually added throughout the course.
Resources
● Global Issues: Sustainable Development, Biodiversity and Human Interference
Sustainable development focuses on the environment, economy, and society. Initiatives like environmental laws, the
Paris Agreement, and projects promoting sustainable farming and transportation have been implemented.
● Environment and Sustainable Development
Understood the concept of environment and analysed the causes and effects of ‘environmental degradation’ and
‘resource depletion’.
● The international journal of science / 31 August 2023
Concept of the ‘just transition’, from a global economy based on fossil fuels to one that is driven by clean energy.
Climatic Adaptation
Species: Orange-spotted filefish
(Oxymonacanthus longirostris)
Ecological Significance:
● Algae control
● Enhance the biodiversity of coral
reef ecosystems
Morphological Changes due to

Climate Change:
● Size Variation
● Alteration in Body Shape
● Colour Adaptations
● Changes in Skeletal Structure
Image source: Antigua marine life
Behavioural Changes and Impact
Feeding pattern:
● Main food source - Acropora coral polyps.

● Quickly opening and closing their jaws to produce a vacuum for suction of their meal.
● Pushed them to eat invertebrates, like worms.
Reproduction and Breeding:
● Reduced fertility due to rising water temperatures.

● Delay in Spawning due to climate change usually spawn
during summer.
● Decrease Egg Survival
Habitual Changes and Impact
Natural Habitat:
● Orange-spotted filefish (Oxymonacanthus longirostris) inhabit shallow
coral reef waters in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, including areas like
Ryukyu, New Caledonia, and Tonga.
● They prefer habitats with Acropora corals.
● Typically found at depths of 3 to 12 meters in Tanzanian waters.
Climate Change affects:
● Climate change is raising water temperatures, negatively impacting

the Orange-spotted filefish.
● These fish are sensitive to warm water and require cool conditions
to thrive.
● Warming waters are leading to habitat changes and a decline in
their preferred environment.
● The species went extinct in Japan in 1988 due to warmer ocean
temperatures.
Impact of Megalodon’s extinction on The Ecological Balance (Summary)
Megalodon (Carcharocles megalodon)
Climate Change Impact:
● Temperature shifts (Miocene and Pliocene)

● Habitat alteration
● Food scarcity
● Competition with other species
Megalodon's Role in Ecosystem:
● Apex predator
● Highest trophic level
● Influenced nutrient transfer
● Key in ancient marine food webs
Impact of Megalodon’s extinction on The Ecological Balance (Summary)
Impact on Ecosystem Structure:
● Cascading effects on the food web

● Changes in predator-prey relationships
● Impact on marine mammal populations
Impact on Nutrient Cycling: halting the transfer of

nutrients from deep to shallow waters, impacting marine
life.
Impact on Human Evolution: Though extinct before

modern humans, its presence during the Pliocene might
have indirectly influenced early human behavior. Image source: NewAtlas.Com
What we did not know before reading?
Changing Coastlines:
- Climate change causes sea levels to rise, threatening coastal areas and islands.
- This can lead to flooding, erosion, and the loss of homes and land for millions of people.
Threat to Wildlife:
- Many species struggle to adapt to changing climates.

- Some may face extinction as their habitats disappear or become unsuitable for survival.
Economic Impact:
- Climate change poses economic risks, affecting industries like agriculture, tourism, and insurance.
- Costs related to disasters and the need for infrastructure adaptation can strain national economies.
What we learnt ?
1. Changes in morphology of Orange-Spotted Filefish
2. Interconnection of Megalodon with the Ecosystem
3. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Challenges
● Defining Inclusivity
● Accessible Language
● Structuring and Organization
● Visual Representation

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Climate Change: Introduction

and its impact

● Environment and Sustainable Development

● The international journal of science / 31 August 2023

Morphological Changes due to

● Main food source - Acropora coral polyps.

Reproduction and Breeding:

● Reduced fertility due to rising water temperatures.

Climate Change aﬀects:

● Climate change is raising water temperatures, negatively impacting

Climate Change Impact:

● Temperature shifts (Miocene and Pliocene)

Megalodon's Role in Ecosystem:

● Cascading eﬀects on the food web

Impact on Nutrient Cycling: halting the transfer of

Impact on Human Evolution: Though extinct before

- Many species struggle to adapt to changing climates.

● Structuring and Organization

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