A

PROJECT REPORT
ON
DRUG ABUSE
NAME: SHIVANG AGRAWAL
Class: XII Science PCM
Registration no.:
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the contents of this project fie
submitted by SHIVANG AGRAWAL of class XII for the
subject of English her Bonafide work submitted to GREEN
VALLEY ENGLISH SCHOOL partial fulfilment of the
requirements for CBSE examinations of class XII. This
project has been working on the completed under my
guidance and supervision. SHIVANG AGRAWAL has been
working on the completion of the project sincerely from
start to finish, I certify that the project is up to my
expectations and can be submitted for evaluation
Principal's signature
Teacher's signature
Student's signature
 ACKNOLEDGEMENT
I would like to take this opportunity to express my
sincere gratitude to my English teacher Mrs. Ragini Tiwari
for providing her invaluable guidance, support and
suggestions throughout the course of the project. I would
also like to extend my gratitude to the Principal Mrs.
Kiran Singh who gave me the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project on the topic DRUG ABUS, which
also helped me to do a lot of research and I came to
know about so many new things. Secondly, I would like
to thank my parents, neighbors and friends who helped
me a lot in finishing this project within the limited time.
The project work has not only enhanced my knowledge
but has also improved my listening and speaking skills.
Finally, I would like to thank the CBSE board for giving me
this great opportunity to do this project
 INDEX
TITLE PAGE NO.
1. Certificate
2. Acknowledgment
3. Action plane
4. Questionnarie
5. REPORTS
6. BIBLIEOGRAPHY
Action Plan of Project
Questionnaire
1. What are the physical signs of abuse or addiction?
2. What is drug addiction?
3. How quickly can I become addicted to a drug?
4. How do I know if someone is addicted to drugs?
5. If a pregnant woman abuses drugs, does it affect the
fetus?
6. Are there effective treatments for drug addiction?
REPORTS

Drug Addiction
Addiction is a disease that affects your brain and
behavior. When you’re addicted to drugs, you can’t resist
the urge to use them, no matter how much harm the drugs
may cause. The earlier you get treatment for drug
addiction (also called substance use disorder), the more
likely you are to avoid some of the more dire
consequences of the disease.
Drug addiction isn’t about just heroin, cocaine, or other
illegal drugs. You can get addicted to alcohol, nicotine,
sleep and anti-anxiety medications, and other legal
substances.
You can also get addicted to prescription or illegally
obtained narcotic pain medications, or opioids. This
problem is at epidemic levels in the United States. In
2018, opioids played a role in two-thirds of all drug
overdose deaths.
At first, you may choose to take a drug because you like
the way it makes you feel. You may think you can control
how much and how often you use it. But over time, drugs
change how your brain works. These physical changes
can last a long time. They make you lose control and can
lead to damaging behaviors.

Addiction vs. Misuse and Tolerance

Drug misuse is when you use legal or illegal substances in
ways you shouldn’t. You might take more than the regular
dose of pills or use someone else’s prescription. You may
misuse drugs to feel good, ease stress, or avoid reality.
But usually, you’re able to change your unhealthy habits
or stop using them altogether.
Addiction is when you can’t stop. Not when it puts your
health in danger. Not when it causes financial, emotional,
and other problems for you or your loved ones. That urge
to get and use drugs can fill up every minute of the day,
even if you want to quit.
Addiction also is different from physical dependence or
tolerance. In cases of physical dependence, withdrawal
symptoms happen when you suddenly stop a substance.
Tolerance happens when a dose of a substance becomes
less effective over time.
When you use opioids for pain for a long time, for
example, you may develop tolerance and even physical
dependence. This doesn’t mean you’re addicted. In
general, when narcotics are used under proper medical
supervision, addiction happens in only a small percentage
of people.

Effect on Your Brain

Your brain is wired to make you want to repeat
experiences that make you feel good. So, you’re
motivated to do them again and again.
The drugs that may be addictive target your brain’s
reward system. They flood your brain with a chemical
called dopamine. This triggers a feeling of intense
pleasure. You keep taking the drug to chase that high.
Over time, your brain gets used to the extra dopamine. So,
you might need to take more of the drug to get the same
good feeling. And other things you enjoyed, like food and
hanging out with family, may give you less pleasure.
When you use drugs for a long time, it can cause changes
in other brain chemical systems and circuits as well. They
can hurt your:
⦁ Judgment
⦁ Decision-making
⦁ Memory
⦁ Ability to learn
⦁ Together, these brain changes can drive you to seek
out and take drugs in ways that are beyond your control.

Who’s Most Likely to Become

Addicted?
Each person’s body and brain are different. People also
react differently to drugs. Some love the feeling the first
time they try it and want more. Others hate it and never
try again.
Not everyone who uses drugs becomes addicted. But it
can happen to anyone at any age. Some things may raise
your chances of addiction, including:
Family history. Your genes are responsible for about
half of your odds. If your parents or siblings have
problems with alcohol or drugs, you’re more likely as
well. All genders are equally likely to become addicted.
Early drug use. Children’s brains are still growing,
and drug use can change that. So, taking drugs at an early
age may make you more likely to get addicted when you
get older
Mental disorders. If you’re depressed, have trouble
paying attention, or worry constantly, you have a higher
chance of addiction. You may turn to drugs as a way to
try to feel better. A history of trauma in your life also
makes you more likely to have addiction.
Troubled relationships. If you grew up with family
troubles and aren’t close to your parents or siblings, it
may raise your chances of addiction.

Signs of Addiction
You may have one or more of these warning signs:
⦁ An urge to use the drug every day, or many times a
day
⦁ Taking more drugs than you want to, and for longer
than you thought you would
⦁ Always having the drug with you, and buying it even
if you can’t afford it
⦁ Using drugs even if they cause you trouble at work or
make you lash out at family and friends
⦁ Spending more time alone.
⦁ Not taking care of yourself or caring how you look
⦁ Stealing, lying, or doing dangerous things, like
driving while high or having unsafe sex
⦁ Spending most of your time getting, using, or
recovering from the effects of the drug
⦁ Feeling sick when you try to quit
How to Prevent Addiction to Prescribed
Painkillers
Most people who take their pain medicine as directed by
their doctor do not become addicted, even if they take the
medicine for a long time. Fears about addiction should not
prevent you from using narcotics to relieve your pain, but
it's smart to use caution.
But if you’ve misused drugs or alcohol in the past or have
family members who have, you may be at a higher risk.
To avoid pain medicine addiction:

I. Take the drug exactly as your doctor prescribes.

II. tell your doctor about any personal or family history of
drug misuse or addiction; this will help them prescribe the
medicines that will work best for you.
III.Remember, it’s common for people to develop a
tolerance to pain medication and to need higher doses to
get the same level of pain relief. This is normal and is not
a sign of addiction. With addiction, you may need to use
higher doses, but it’s not for pain relief. Still, talk to your
doctor if this effect becomes troubling.
Don't Wait; Get Help Now
If your drug use is out of control or causing problems,
talk to your doctor.
Getting better from drug addiction can take time. There’s
no cure, but treatment can help you stop using drugs and
stay drug-free. Your treatment may include counseling,
medicine, or both. Talk to your doctor to figure out the
best plan for you.
Drug Overdose
Drug overdoses can be accidental or intentional. They
occur when a person takes more than the medically
recommended dose. However, some people may be more
sensitive to certain medications, so the low (more
dangerous) end of a drug may be toxic for them; a dose
that is still within the range of acceptable medical use
may be too much for their bodies to handle.
Illicit drugs, used to get high, may be taken in overdose
amounts when a person's metabolism cannot detoxify the
drug fast enough to avoid unintended side effects.
Exposure to chemicals, plants, and other toxic substances
that can cause harm are called poisonings. The higher the
dose or the longer the exposure, the worse the poisoning.
Two examples are carbon monoxide poisoning and
mushroom poisoning.
Drug Overdose Causes
The cause of a drug overdose is either by accidental
overuse or by intentional misuse. Accidental overdoses
result from either a young child or an adult with impaired
mental abilities swallowing a medication left within their
grasp. An adult (especially seniors or people taking many
medications) can mistakenly ingest the incorrect
medication or take the wrong dose of a medication.
Purposeful overdoses are for a desired effect, either to get
high or to harm oneself.
Young children may swallow drugs by accident because
of their curiosity about medications they may find.
Children younger than age 5 (especially age 6 months to 3
years) tend to place everything they find into their mouth.
Drug overdoses in this age group are generally caused
when someone accidentally leaves a medication within
the child's reach. Toddlers, when they find medications,
often share them with other children. Therefore, if you
suspect an overdose in one child while other children are
around, those other children may have taken the
medication, too.
Adolescents and adults are more likely to overdose on one
or more drugs in order to harm themselves. Attempting to
harm oneself may represent a suicide attempt. People who
purposefully overdose on medications frequently have
mental health conditions. These conditions may or may
not have been diagnosed before.
Drug Overdose Symptoms
Symptoms of a drug overdose include (but aren't limited
to):
⦁ Problems with vital signs (temperature, pulse rate,
respiratory rate, blood pressure) are possible and can be
life-threatening. Vital sign values can be increased,
decreased, or completely absent.
⦁ Sleepiness, confusion, and coma (when someone
cannot be aroused) are common and can be dangerous if
the person breathes vomit into the lungs (aspirated).
⦁ Skin can be cool and sweaty, or hot and dry.
⦁ Chest pain is possible and can be caused by heart or
lung damage. Shortness of breath may occur. Breathing
may get rapid, slow, deep, or shallow.
⦁ Belly pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are
possible. Vomiting blood, or blood in bowel movements,
can be life-threatening.
Drug Overdose First Aid
Your doctor, your local poison center, or the emergency
department of your local hospital may be able to help
determine the seriousness of a suspected drug overdose.
After a drug overdose, you'll need immediate and accurate
information about the specific name of the drug, the
amount of the drug ingested, and the time when the drug
was taken. Often, the bottle the drug came in will have the
information needed.
Some doctors' offices are equipped to handle overdoses;
others are not. Some doctors' offices advise their patients
to go to a hospital's emergency department. In life-
threatening circumstances, an ambulance should usually
be summoned by calling 911. You are not expected to
know when a drug overdose is serious. If you cannot
reach a qualified professional by telephone to discuss the
overdose, it would be prudent for you to take the overdose
to the nearest hospital's emergency department or medical
facility.
Take caution when dealing with a drug overdose. Each
person responds differently, and reactions are hard to
predict. Many people who are directed to go to the
emergency department may not have any physical signs
of poisoning. Others will become quite ill.
A person unwilling to go to the hospital may need
persuasion by trained professionals in emergency medical
services (paramedics and ambulance personnel) or law
enforcement. You may call 911 for these services. Family
members can often help persuade the person to seek
medical care.
Anyone who is with a person who overdoses on drugs can
assist by finding all medication or chemical containers
and bringing them to the emergency department doctor.
Know that doctors and other medical professionals will
NOT turn you into the police or “tell" on you. They’re
only there to help, so do not hesitate to go to the hospital
or take a loved one

Bibliography

https://www.webmd.com/mental-
health/addiction/drug-abuse-addiction
google
YouTube
drug abus - Search Images (bing.com)