MA2311 Chapter 6

Chapter 6
Multiple Integrals
TAN BAN PIN (NUS)
National University of Singapore
TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 1 / 102

Overview
Double Integrals
Properties of Double Integrals
Evaluation
Rectangular Regions
Type A region
Type B region

Overview
Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

Circle
Ring
Sector of a Circle
Polar Rectangular
Change of Variables

Overview
Application of Double Integrals

Volume
Surface Area

Double Integrals

Integrals
Area under curve Z b

A= f (x)dx
a

Riemann Integrals
Divide [a, b] into n equal intervals

Length of each interval = ∆x = b−a n
Area of rectangles = f (c1 )∆x + f (c2 )∆x + · · · + f (cn )∆x

Riemann Integrals
n
X
The area under the curve of y = f (x) from a to b ≈ f (ck )∆x
k=1
Riemann sum of f on [a, b]

Riemann Integrals
b−a
When n → ∞, we have Length of each interval = ∆x = n
Area of rectangles → Area under the curve f (x) from x = a to x = b.

Riemann Integrals
Let n → ∞ n
X
The exact area A is given by lim f (ck )∆x
n→∞
k=1
n
Rb X
A= a f (x)dx = lim f (ck )∆x
n→∞
k=1
Double Integrals
n
X
RR
R f (x, y) dA = lim n→∞
f (xi , yi )∆Ai
i=1
RR
Note: R
double integral sign means we are integrating over a two-dimensional
region.

Geometrical Meaning
Z b ZZ
f (x)dx f (x) > 0 f (x, y) dA f (x, y) > 0
a
R
area under the curve over the volume under the surface over the
interval [a, b] region R

Double Integrals (Geometrical meaning)
RR
If f (x, y) > 0 for all points (x, y) in R, the definite integral R f (x, y) dA
is equal to the volume under the surface z = f (x, y) and above the
xy-plane over the region R.

Double Integrals

Double Integrals

Double Integrals
ZZ n
f (x∗i , yi∗ )∆Ai
X
f (x, y) dA = lim
R n→∞
i=1

RR RR RR
R [f (x, y) + g(x, y)] dA = R f (x, y) dA + R g(x, y) dA
RR RR
R cf (x, y) dA =c R f (x, y) dA, where c is a constant.
If f (x, y) > g(x, y) for all points (x, y), then

ZZ ZZ
f (x, y) dA > g(x, y) dA.
R R
RR RR
R dA = R 1 dA = the area of R.

Double Integrals
RR RR
R dA = R 1 dA = the area of R.
ZZ
1 dA = Volume of solid
R
= Base Area × Height
= Area of R × 1
= Area of R

If m 6 f (x, y) 6 M for all points (x, y) in R, then

ZZ ZZ ZZ
m dA 6 f (x, y) dA 6 M dA
R R R
ZZ ZZ ZZ
m 1 dA 6 f (x, y) dA 6 M 1 dA
R R R
ZZ
m(Area R) 6 f (x, y) dA 6 M (Area R)
R

ZZ ZZ ZZ
f (x, y) dA = f (x, y) dA + f (x, y) dA,
R R1 R2
where R = R1 ∪ R2 and R1 , R2 do not overlap except perhaps on their

boundary.

Evaluation

Evaluation
RR
How to evaluate R f (x, y) dA efficiently?

Rectangular Regions
ZZ
f (x, y) dA
R
a 6 x 6 b and c 6 y 6 d

Rectangular Regions
a 6 x 6 b and c 6 y 6 d
Note: We can perform dx first then dy or dy first then dx.

Evaluate
R3R2
the iterated integrals:
(a) 0 1 (x + 2y) dy dx
(b) 12 03 (x + 2y) dx dy
R R
Note: In part (a), we can perform dy first then dx

and in part (b), we perform dx first then dy.
Note: We should get the same answer for part (a) and (b).

R3R2
(a) 0 1 (x + 2y) dy dx.
R3R2 27
(a) 0 1 (x + 2y) dy dx = 2

R2R3
(b) 1 0 (x + 2y) dx dy
R2R3 27 R3R2 27
(b) 1 0 (x + 2y) dx dy = 2 (a) 0 1 (x + 2y) dy dx = 2

R3R2 27
(a) 0 1 (x + 2y) dy dx = 2
R2R3 27
(b) 1 0 (x + 2y) dx dy = 2
Note: We get the same answer for part (a) and (b).

Let R be RR
the rectangular region 0 6 x 6 4, 1 6 y 6 2.
Evaluate R x2 y dA.
RR 2 y dA
R4R2 2
Rx = 0 1 x y dy dx

Let R be RR
the rectangular region 0 6 x 6 4, 1 6 y 6 2.
Evaluate R x2 y dA.
ZZ Z 4Z 2
x2 y dA = x2 y dy dx
R 0 1
Z 4 Z 2
= x2 dx y dy
0 1
" #4 " #2
x3 y2
=
3 0 2 1
64 3
= ×
3 2
= 32.

evaluation - Remark
In general, if f (x, y) = g(x)h(y), then

Z b ! Z !
ZZ d
g(x)h(y) dA = g(x) dx h(y) dy
R a c
where R is the rectangular region a 6 x 6 b, c 6 y 6 d.
Only true for rectangular region

evaluation
Type A: Perform dy first
R : g1 (x) 6 y 6 g2 (x), a 6 x 6 b.
Type A: Vertical line meets top and bottom boundaries

ZZ Z b Z g2 (x)
f (x, y) dA = f (x, y) dy dx
R a g1 (x)

Type A: Perform dy first R : g1 (x) 6 y 6 g2 (x), a 6 x 6 b.

Evaluation
Type B: Perform dx first
R : h1 (y) 6 x 6 h2 (y), c 6 y 6 d.
Type B: Horizontal line meets left and right boundaries

ZZ Z d Z h2 (y)
f (x, y) dA = f (x, y) dx dy
R c h1 (y)

Type B: Perform dx first R : h1 (y) 6 x 6 h2 (y), c 6 y 6 d.

Pause and Think !!!
Quiz (Type A or Type B)???

Example
If R is bounded by y = x and y = x2 , find R xy dA.

RR

Type A: Perform dy first R : g1 (x) 6 y 6 g2 (x), a 6 x 6 b.
ZZ Z 1Z x
xy dA = xy dy dx
R 0 x2
Z 1 " 2 #y=x
xy
= dx
0 2 y=x2
1 1 3
Z
= (x − x5 ) dx
2 0
1 Treat R as a Type A region.
= . 1. y-limits 2. x-limits
24
2
R : x 6 y 6 x, 0 6 x 6 1.

Example
If R is bounded by y = x and y = x2 , find R xy dA.

RR
Type B: Perform dx first R : h1 (y) 6 x 6 h2 (y), c 6 y 6 d.

ZZ Z 1 Z √y
xy dA = xy dx dy
R 0 y
√
Z 1 " 2 #x= y
x y
= dy
0 2 x=y
1 1 2
Z
= (y − y 3 ) dy
2 0
1 Treat R as a Type B region.
= . 1. x-limits 2. y-limits
24 √
R : y 6 x 6 y, 0 6 y 6 1.

If R is bounded by y = x and y = x2 , find
RR
R xy dA.
Treat R as a Type A region. Treat R as a Type B region.

√
x2 6 y 6 x, 0 6 x 6 1. y6x6 y, 0 6 y 6 1.
ZZ Z 1Z x ZZ Z 1 Z √y
xy dA = xy dy dx xy dA = xy dx dy
R 0 x2 R 0 y
In this
RR
example, R is both Type A and Type B.
We may find R xy dA, by treating R as either Type A or Type B.

Treat R as a Type A region. Treat R as a Type B region.
√
x2 6 y 6 x, 0 6 x 6 1. y6x6 y, 0 6 y 6 1.
ZZ Z 1Z x ZZ Z 1 Z √y
xy dA = xy dy dx xy dA = xy dx dy
R 0 x2 R 0 y
If a region is both Type A and Type B,

the order of integration might make a difference,
sometimes Type A is easier,
sometimes Type B is easier.
Example
Calculate R sinx x dA, where R is the triangle in the xy-plane bound by
RR
the x-axis, the line y = x and the line x = 1.
Treat R as Type A region. Treat R as Type B region.

R : 0 6 y 6 x, 0 6 x 6 1. R : y 6 x 6 1, 0 6 y 6 1.
Z 1Z x
sin x sin x
ZZ Z 1Z 1
sin x sin x
ZZ
dA = dy dx dA = dx dy
R x 0 0 x R x 0 y x
Example

RR
Pause and Think!!!

Which one is easier??
RR sin x R 1 R x sin x RR sin x R 1 R 1 sin x
(a) R x dA = 0 0 x dy dx (b) R x dA = 0 y x dx dy

Example

RR
Treat R as Type B region.
R : y 6 x 6 1, 0 6 y 6 1.
Z 1Z 1
sin x sin x
ZZ
dA = dx dy
R x 0 y x
R 1 sin x
y x dx cannot be evaluated by elementary means!!!

RR
Treat R as Type A region.
R : 0 6 y 6 x, 0 6 x 6 1.
Z 1Z x
sin x sin x
ZZ
dA = dy dx
R x 0 0 x

Pause and Think !!!
What should you do if you are ask to evaluate

Z 1Z 1
sin x
dx dy???
0 y x

Pause and Think !!!
Question:
How to change the order of integration??
Z 3Z 1
y3
Evaluate √x e dy dx.
0 3
Z 3Z 1 Z 1 Z 3
y 3 3
√ x e dy dx = √ x ey dx dy??
0 3 3
0
Is it correct??

Pause and Think !!!
Question:
How to change the order of integration??
To change the order of integration, we need to consider
the region of integration.

Example (change order of integration)
√ x ey3 dy dx.
R3R1
Evaluate 0
3
To change the order of integration, we need to consider
the region of integration.

Z 3Z 1 Z 1 Z 3
y3 3
Note that: √x e dy dx 6= √ ey dx dy
x
0 3 3
0

Z 3Z 1
y3
0 3
3
It is difficult to integrate ey directly.

Z 3Z 1
y3
0 3
Type A region
r
x
R: 6 y 6 1, 0 6 x 6 3.
3
First sketch and identify the region R

Z 3Z 1
y3
0 3
Type A region
r
x
R: 6 y 6 1, 0 6 x 6 3.
3
Type B region
R : 0 6 x 6 3y 2 , 0 6 y 6 1.
q
x
Note that y = 3 ⇒ x = 3y 2 .

Z 3Z 1
y3
0 3
Type B region
R : 0 6 x 6 3y 2 , 0 6 y 6 1.
Z 3Z 1 Z 1 Z 3y2
y3 3
√x e dy dx = ey dx dy
0 3
0 0
Z 1h ix=3y2
3
= xey dy
0 x=0
Z 1
3
= 3y 2 ey dy
0
Z 1
= eu du (Let u = y 3 .)
0
= [eu ]u=1
u=0 = e − 1.
Past Exam Question
Evaluate ZZ
2
(4ex − 5 sin y) dx dy
D
where D is the region in the first quadrant bounded by the graphs of
y = x, y = 0 and x = 4.

Past Exam Question
Evaluate ZZ
2
D
where D is the region in the first quadrant bounded by the graphs of
y = x, y = 0 and x = 4.
ZZ
2
D
Z 4Z x
2
= (4ex − 5 sin y) dy dx
0 0
R x2
e dx?? Should do dy first!!

Past Exam Question
Z 1 "Z 1 ! #
y3 + 1
Evaluate √ sin dy dx.
0 x 2
y 3 +1
R
sin 2 dy?? Should do dx first!!

√
y= x → x = y2
Z 1 "Z 1 ! # Z 1 "Z y2 ! #
y3 + 1 y3 + 1
√ sin dy dx = sin dx dy
0 x 2 0 0 2
Z 1" !#y2
y3 + 1
= x sin dy
0 2 0
!
y3 + 1
Z 1
= y 2 sin dy
0 2
" !#1
2 y3 + 1
= − cos
3 2 0
2 1

= cos − cos 1
3 2

Polar coordinates
In Cartesian coordinates, to specify a

point, we need to give x and y.
In Polar coordinates, to specify a

point, we need to give r and θ. x y
= cos θ = sin θ
r r
x = r cos θ y = r sin θ

Circle center (0, 0) with radius r
x2 + y 2 = r2 cos2 θ + r2 sin2 θ
= r2
In Polar coordinates, equation of

circle becomes very simple!!
r = 1, 0 6 θ 6 2π

Circle
R : 0 6 r 6 1, 0 6 θ 6 2π

Ring
R : 1 6 r 6 2, 0 6 θ 6 2π

Sector of a Circle
π
R : 0 6 r 6 1, 06θ6
3

Polar Rectangular
R : a 6 r 6 b, α6θ6β

Change of Variable
To change (x, y) → (r, θ)
How to change
ZZ
f (x, y) dA →??
R

Change of Variable to polar coordinates
dA = dxdy → rdrdθ
If R : a 6 r 6 b, α 6 θ 6 β, then we have
ZZ Z βZ b
f (x, y) dA = f (r cos θ, r sin θ)r dr dθ.
R α a

Example
Evaluate ZZ
(3x + 4y 2 ) dA,
R
where R is the semicircular ring in the upper half-plane between the
semi-circles x2 + y 2 = 1 and x2 + y 2 = 4.
R : 1 6 r 6 2, 06θ6π

x = r cos θ y = r sin θ R : 1 6 r 6 2, 06θ6π
If R : a 6 r 6 b, α 6 θ 6 β, then we have
ZZ Z βZ b
f (x, y) dA = f (r cos θ, r sin θ)r dr dθ.
R α a
ZZ Z πZ 2
2
(3x + 4y ) dA = (3r cos θ + 4r2 sin2 θ) r dr dθ
R 0 1
Z πh ir=2
= r3 cos θ + r4 sin2 θ dθ
r=1
Z0π
= (7 cos θ + 15 sin2 θ) dθ
Z0π
15

= (1 − cos 2θ) dθ
7 cos θ +
0 2
15 sin 2θ θ=π 15π

= 7 sin θ + θ− =
2 2 θ=0 2

Past Exam Question
Let k be a positive constant. Evaluate

ZZ
x2 exy dx dy
D
1
where D is the plane region given by D : 0 6 x 6 2k and 0 6 y 6 2k .
Pause and Think!!!
Should you do dx first or dy first???
Question:
dx first easier or dy first easier???

Let k be a positive constant. Evaluate
ZZ
x2 exy dx dy
D
1
where D is the plane region given by D : 0 6 x 6 2k and 0 6 y 6 2k .

Integration by parts
Z 2k i2k Z 2k
x x x
h
xe 2k dx = 2k xe 2k − 2k e 2k dx
0 0 0
h x
i2k
= (2k)(2ke) − (2k)(2k) e 2k
0
2
= 4k
Z 2k
x
xe 2k dx = 4k 2
0

Integration by parts
R 2k x
0 xe 2k dx = 4k 2
ZZ Z 2k Z 1
2k
x2 exy dx dy = x2 exy dy dx
D 0 0
Z 2k 1
y=
= [xexy ]y=02k dx
0
Z 2k h
x
i
= xe 2k − x dx
0
2k
1 2

= 4k 2 − x
2 0
= 4k 2 − 2k 2
= 2k 2

Applications of Double Integrals

Volume
Suppose D is a solid region under the surface of a function f (x, y) over a

plane region R. Then the volume of D is given by
ZZ
f (x, y) dA
R

Volume - Example
Find the volume of the solid D that is bounded by the elliptic paraboloid
x2 + 2y 2 + z = 16, the planes x = 2, y = 2 and the 3-coordinate planes.

Find the volume of the solid D that is bounded by the elliptic paraboloid
x2 + 2y 2 + z = 16, the planes x = 2, y = 2 and the 3-coordinate planes
x = 0, y = 0, z = 0).

The solid region D is under the surface represented by the function
f (x, y) = 16 − x2 − 2y 2 and is above the rectangular region
R : 0 6 x 6 2, 0 6 y 6 2.
So the volume of D is
ZZ Z 2Z 2
2 2
(16 − x − 2y ) dA = (16 − x2 − 2y 2 ) dx dy
R 0 0
= 48 units3

Volume - Example
Find the volume of the solid enclosed laterally by the circular cylinder
about z-axis of radius 3 and bounded on top by the plane x + z = 20 and
below by the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 .

The volume can be computed as
ZZ ZZ
V = f1 (x, y) dA− f2 (x, y) dA
R R
where f1 (x, y) = 20 − x and
f2 (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , and
R : 0 6 r 6 3, 0 6 θ 6 2π.
So the volume of the solid is

ZZ ZZ
V = (20−x) dA− x2 +y 2 dA
R R

V = R (20 − x) dA − R x2 + y 2 dA
RR RR
R : 0 6 r 6 3, 0 6 θ 6 2π
Z 2π Z 3 Z 2π Z 3
V = (20 − r cos θ)r dr dθ − (r2 )r dr dθ
0 0 0 0
Z 2π Z 3
= (20r − r2 cos θ − r3 ) dr dθ
0 0
Z 2π " #3
r3 r4
= 10r2 − cos θ − dθ
0 3 4 0
Z 2π
81

= 90 − 9 cos θ − dθ
0 4
2π
279 279

= θ − 9 sin θ = π units3
4 0 2

Surface Area
If f has continuous first partial derivatives on a closed region R of the

xy-plane, then the area S of that portion of the surface z = f (x, y) that
projects onto R is
s 2 2
∂z ∂z
ZZ
S= + + 1 dA.
R ∂x ∂y

Surface Area - Example
Find the surface area of the portion of the cylinder x2 + z 2 = 4 above the
rectangle R : 0 6 x 6 1, 0 6 y 6 4.

The portion of the√cylinder x2 + z 2 = 4 that lies above the xy-plane has
the equation z = 4 − x2 .
√
So the surface is given by the function f (x, y) = 4 − x2 .
r 2 2
RR ∂z ∂z
S= R ∂x + ∂y + 1 dA.

√
r 2 2
RR ∂z ∂z
S= R ∂x + ∂y + 1 dA. z= 4 − x2
Note that
s 2 2 s 2
∂z ∂z x

+ +1= −√ + 02 + 1
∂x ∂y 4 − x2
2
=√ .
4 − x2

R : 0 6 x 6 1, 06y64
Z 4 Z 1
2

S= √ dx dy
0 0 4 − x2
Z 4 x=1
x
=2 sin−1 dy
0 2 x=0
Z 4
π
=2 dy
0 6
4π
= units2 .
3
sin π6 = 1 √ 1 dx = sin−1 x
R
2
Recall that a2 −x2 a + C.

Triple Integral

Let D be a solid region in the xyz space. Subdivide D into smaller cubic
region Di (i = 1, · · · , n).
Let ∆Vi be the volume of Vi and (xi , yi , zi ) be a point in Di . Let
f (x, y, z) be a function of three variables.

Then the triple integral of f over D is
ZZZ n
X
f (x, y, z) dV = lim f (xi , yi , zi )∆Vi .
D n→∞
i=1

Evaluation of triple integral
Similar to double integral, we need to describe the solid region D in terms

of coordinates and evaluate the triple integral as a ”triple” iterated
integral. We will only consider the rectangular region in this chapter.

Rectangular region
Suppose D is the rectangular box consisting of points (x, y, z) such that
D : a 6 x 6 b, c 6 y 6 d, r 6 z 6 s.

Then we have the iterated integral
ZZZ Z bZ dZ s
f (x, y, z) dV = f (x, y, z) dz dy dx.
D a c r
As in the case of double integrals, the order of integration with respect to

the three variables does not affect the answer of the triple integrals.

Additional Examples

Example
Find the exact value of the surface area of that portion of the sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 3 that lies above the plane z = 1.

z = 1 ⇒ x2 + y 2 + 1 = 3 ⇒ x2 + y 2 = 2
q
−x −y
z= 3 − x2 − y 2 ⇒ z x = p 2 2
, zy = p
3−x −y 3 − x2 − y 2
s
q 3
1 + zx2 + zy2 =
3 − x2 − y 2

s
3
ZZ
Surface area = dx dy
06x2 +y 2 62 3 − x2 − y 2
Z 2π Z √2 s
3
= r dr dθ
0 0 3 − r2
Z √2 √ !
3 1
= 2π − (3 − r2 )− 2 (−2r) dr
0 2
h √ 1
ir=√2
2
= 2π − 3(3 − r ) 2
r=0
√
= 2π(− 3 + 3)
√
= (6 − 2 3)π

Example
Find the exact value of the iterated integral

Z 1Z 1
2 x cos(y 4 ) dy dx.
0 x3

Z 1Z 1
2 x cos y 4 dy dx
0 x3
Z 1 Z y 32
= x cos y 4 dx dy
0 0
Z 1 x=y 32
1 2

4
= cos y x dy
0 2 x=0
Z 1
1 3
= y cos y 4 dy
0 2
1 1
= sin y 4
8 0
1
= sin 1
8

Example
Find the exact value of the double integral

ZZ q
|x − y| dx dy,
D
where D is the rectangular region: 0 6 x 6 1 and 0 6 y 6 2.

On D1 , we have x > y
On D2 , we have y > x
√ √
ZZ q ZZ ZZ
|x − y| dx dy = x − y dx dy + y − x dx dy
D D1 D2
Z 1Z x√ Z 1Z 2
√
= x − y dy dx + y − x dy dx
0 0 0 x
Z 1 y=x Z 1 y=2
2 3 2 3
= − (x − y) 2 dx + (y − x) 2 dx
0 3 y=0 0 3 y=x
Z 1 Z 1
2 3 2 3
= x dx +
2 (2 − x) 2 dx
0 3 0 3
2 2 5 1 2 2
1
5
= x2 − (2 − x) 2
3 5 0 3 5 0
4 4 4 5 16 √
= − + (2) 2 = 2
15 15 15 15

End

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Chapter 6

TAN BAN PIN (NUS)

National University of Singapore

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 1 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 2 / 102

Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 3 / 102

Application of Double Integrals

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 4 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 5 / 102

Area under curve Z b

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 6 / 102

Divide [a, b] into n equal intervals

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 7 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 8 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 9 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 11 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 12 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 13 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 14 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 15 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 16 / 102

If f (x, y) > g(x, y) for all points (x, y), then

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 17 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 18 / 102

If m 6 f (x, y) 6 M for all points (x, y) in R, then

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 19 / 102

where R = R1 ∪ R2 and R1 , R2 do not overlap except perhaps on their

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 20 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 21 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 22 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 23 / 102

Note: We can perform dx first then dy or dy first then dx.

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 24 / 102

Note: In part (a), we can perform dy first then dx

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 25 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 26 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 27 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 28 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 29 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 31 / 102

In general, if f (x, y) = g(x)h(y), then

where R is the rectangular region a 6 x 6 b, c 6 y 6 d.

Only true for rectangular region

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 32 / 102

Type A: Vertical line meets top and bottom boundaries

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 33 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 34 / 102

Type B: Horizontal line meets left and right boundaries

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 35 / 102

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 36 / 102

Quiz (Type A or Type B)???

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 37 / 102

If R is bounded by y = x and y = x2 , find R xy dA.

Type A: Vertical line meets top and bottom boundaries

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 38 / 102

If R is bounded by y = x and y = x2 , find R xy dA.

Type B: Perform dx first R : h1 (y) 6 x 6 h2 (y), c 6 y 6 d.

TAN BAN PIN (NUS) Chapter 6 39 / 102

Treat R as a Type A region. Treat R as a Type B region.