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    The document provides an overview of rowing including its history, facilities, equipment, boat parts, crew roles, steering, safety, and commands. Rowing originated as early as 3000-300 BC in Egypt and was first included in the Olympics in 1900. Key equipment includes oars, lifejackets, and sliding seats. The coxswain is responsible for steering and coordination while rowers provide propulsion. Safety considerations include knowing boat capacity, swimming ability, and avoiding storms. Commands follow phases for embarking, preparing to row, maneuvering, docking, and disembarking.

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    Pathfit 3 Reviewer

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    44 views7 pages
    The document provides an overview of rowing including its history, facilities, equipment, boat parts, crew roles, steering, safety, and commands. Rowing originated as early as 3000-300 BC in Egypt and was first included in the Olympics in 1900. Key equipment includes oars, lifejackets, and sliding seats. The coxswain is responsible for steering and coordination while rowers provide propulsion. Safety considerations include knowing boat capacity, swimming ability, and avoiding storms. Commands follow phases for embarking, preparing to row, maneuvering, docking, and disembarking.

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    The document provides an overview of rowing including its history, facilities, equipment, boat parts, crew roles, steering, safety, and commands. Rowing originated as early as 3000-300 BC in Egypt and was first included in the Olympics in 1900. Key equipment includes oars, lifejackets, and sliding seats. The coxswain is responsible for steering and coordination while rowers provide propulsion. Safety considerations include knowing boat capacity, swimming ability, and avoiding storms. Commands follow phases for embarking, preparing to row, maneuvering, docking, and disembarking.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views7 pages

    Pathfit 3 Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    gemmarvillacastin712
    The document provides an overview of rowing including its history, facilities, equipment, boat parts, crew roles, steering, safety, and commands. Rowing originated as early as 3000-300 BC in Egypt and was first included in the Olympics in 1900. Key equipment includes oars, lifejackets, and sliding seats. The coxswain is responsible for steering and coordination while rowers provide propulsion. Safety considerations include knowing boat capacity, swimming ability, and avoiding storms. Commands follow phases for embarking, preparing to row, maneuvering, docking, and disembarking.

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    of 7

    PATHIT 3: Midterm

    Lesson 1: Rowing and History

    All forms of manual boat propulsion are called Rowing.

    Rowing is the art of Propelling a boat into the water.

    Oar/s - Paddle

    1999 CHED issued a memorandum regarding the requiring Schools to develop aquatic sports.

    JBLCF Curriculum

    1. Rowing
    2. Paddling
    3. Swimming
    4. Sailing

    Nature and History of Rowing

    Boats, Rafts propelled by paddles, poles and rudimentary downwind sail. Devising a way to attach to the
    paddle is called Fulcrum.

    Rowing Boat is attributed to the Egyptians. It was first recorded around 3,300 and 300 B.C.

    Doggett's Coat and Badge Race is the name of the oldest continuous rowing race around the world. (Sir
    Thomas Dogett).

    FISA ( Fédération Internationale des sociétés d'aviron) - is to promote and propagate rowing
    competition throughout the world.
    NAAO ( National Association of Amateur Oarsmen) - US Club
    ARA ( Amateur Rowing Association) - British Club

    Important Dates

    1900 - Rowing was first introduced as an Olympic Sport.


    1904 - Rowing was first played in the Olympics, For Men Only.
    1908 - Rowing was first played in the Olympics, For both Men and Women.

    Countries that are well known in Rowing before are the USA, Russia, Australia, Great Britain, Sweden
    and Japan.

    A boat used in rowing is called Shell.


    Lesson 2: Facilities and Equipments

    Facilities are fixed structures or places designed to accommodate certain activities. (Ex. Open Sea)

    Equipment are movable tools used in certain acts.

    Oars - device used for Boat Propulsion.

    Grip - the rubber or plastic sleeve over the inboard end of the oar, held by oarsmen.

    Shaft/Loom - the longest part of the oar or scull.

    Flare - a gentle curve on top of the sweep.

    Sweep - the widest part of an oar.

    Blade - the thinnest part of an oar.

    Throat - a portion of an oar in which the loom and the sweep connects.

    Tip - tip of an oar.

    Lesson 3: Parts of the Rowing Boat

    Aft - all parts of the boat from the amidships extended towards the stern.

    Amidship - the centermost part of the boat.


    Bow - the forward end of a boat.

    Bow Seat - a seat used by bowmen rowers.

    Cockpit - the area where rowers sit in the boat.

    Deck - the floors of the boat or ship.

    Draft - the portion of the boat from the waterline to the keel.

    Forward - all parts of the boat from the amidship extended towards the bow.

    Freeboard - the portion of the boat from the waterline to the gunwale

    Gunwale - the topmost portion of the boat, which extends from stern to bow, both starboard and portside.

    Keel - the backbone of a boat.

    Keel Line - an imaginary line at the center of the boat running from bow to stern.

    Leeward - the side of the boat against the wind.

    Port - the left side of the boat when facing forward.

    Starboard - the right side of the boat when facing forward.

    Stern Seat - a seat by stern man rowers.

    Windward - the side of the boat along the wind.

    Tiller - a lever used to steer a boat.

    Rudder - used for steering and maneuvering a vessel.

    Other Parts and Equipment

    Clog - a wood or leather sandals used to hold the feet on the stretcher in some boats.

    Oarlock - pieces of metal that keep the oars in position while you move them backwards and forwards.

    Types of Oarlock:

    Close Oarlock
    Open/U-Shaped Oarlock
    Gated Oarlock

    Bailer - a device used for removing water.

    Lifejackets - to keep you afloat on water.

    Sliding Seat - a seat that rolls fore and aft on wheels.

    Sleeve - the covering of the loom that prevents wear at the oarlock.

    Lifelines - are grab lines or ropes attached from the bow to stern.

    Outrigger - a framework that places the oarlocks outboard.

    Gate - a bar across, or otherwise open top of an oarlock.

    Lesson 4: Crew Composition, Duties and Responsibilities

    Coxswain

    a. Incharge of steering and boat maneuvering.


    b. Responsible for group coordination.
    c. Responsible for group safety
    d. Takes charges of group Rhythm.

    Rowers

    a. Take charge of the boat’s propulsion.


    b. Serve as lookout for any obstacles that may endanger the group while the boat is underway.
    c. Assist the coxswain in maintaining group rhythm.

    Eights - a boat propelled by Eight Rowers.


    Single Scull - a boat sculled by an oarsman
    Coxed Fours - a boat propelled by four rowers and a coxswain
    Coxswain Less Fours/Pairs - a boat propelled by four rowers only and no coxswain
    Quadruple Scull - a boat sculled by four scullers and a coxswain
    Pair - sculled by two rowers and a coxswain
    Double - sculled by two rowers and no coxswain
    Lesson 5: Steering

    Steering - the mechanism that controls the direction of the boat or ship. This is one of the most important
    aspects of rowing. It is easy to watch experts steer a boat, but doing it is an entirely different story.

    Rowing a boat is steered differently from large ships. With large ships, when the rudder is turned to
    portside the ship will turn toward the port; and the tiller should be moved in an opposite manner; if
    you want to go to portside, push your tiller to the starboard side. To maintain your course, the tiller
    must be kept at the center in line with the keel.

    Factors that should be considered in steering a boat.

    1. Changing water current


    2. Wind
    3. Size of waves

    Sufficient knowledge of how to counteract these obstacles in the water will help you in steering a boat
    which is getting underway.

    Tips to remember in Steering:

    1. With large waves and strong winds, always face the bow of your boat diagonally or within the
    direction of the wind and the wave. The purpose of this is for the boat to slice the wave and
    reduce water and wind friction.
    2. Avoid steering the wave side by side. Accident of capsizing may be caused by this method of
    steering because of the wave and wind friction.
    3. Incase of strong current, Always have a good estimate of how far the boat can be drifted before
    you reach your target. Based on the estimated drifting distance. Adjust your course to zero in on
    your target.
    4. When rowing offshore, with a strong current, always have a fixed mark in your point of origin in
    order not to lose it.

    Lesson 6: Safety

    Float Plane = Voyage Plan

    Safety should be the main concern of every individual in everyday undertakings.

    Swimming - is a prerequisite skill for rowing. An efficient swimming skill can strengthen one’s safety in
    deep water in case the boat capsizes.

    To Ensure safety in rowing, the following safety measures must be observed:

    1. Know your boat’s capacity and limitations.


    2. Learn to swim
    3. Bring repair and aid kits
    4. Sudden Fall of the Barometer, Could be caused by the Change Wind direction and sudden cloud
    formation.
    5. Avoid Thunderstorms when rowing
    6. Strong Wind, You must stay low within the boat premises.
    7. Bring Extra Oars and Oarlocks
    8. Leave a message regarding the point of destination, time of arrival and when to return.
    9. Incase of Sudden Storm, Hide to shore Immediately
    10. Avoid Rowing in the middle of the day ( it could cause sunburn and heat strokes )
    11. Lastly, Use your Common Sense

    BOAT COMMAND AND OARS POSITIONS

    Dory Type - the type of Rowing boat we are using

    Feather Position
    Squared Oars:

    - 6 inches from the tip is called “Catch Position or Knives - in”


    - Must be 40% from the tip is called “Drive or Draw”
    - “Finish” is the position before the Release Position
    - “Release” is called if the oars is removed or raised from the water
    - From Release to Catch Position it is called “Recovery”
    - “Clog” is called if it is stuck

    Bucket Position - it is called when the Body is Leaning Forward

    The Twisting of the Oars when rowing should be “inside twisting”

    Types of Commands:

    Rules: Loud, Clear, Concise and Specific

    Phases of Commands:

    Embarkation Phase (1st)

    1. Rowers prepare for Embarkation


    2. Rowers Embark
    3. Coxswain Embark
    Preparatory Phase (2nd)

    1. Stand by the Oars


    2. Up Oars
    3. Let Fall
    4. Stand by to Give Way

    Execution Phase (3rd)

    1. Give Way
    2. Oars
    3. Hold Water
    4. Backwater
    5. Trail Oars
    6. Stern All

    Maneuvering Phase (4th)

    1. Gradual Turn Port


    2. Gradual Turn Starboard
    3. Sharp Turn Port
    4. Sharp Turn Starboard

    Docking Phase (5th)

    1. In Bows
    2. Toss Oars
    3. Boat the Oars

    Disembarkation Phase (6th)

    1. Rowers prepare or Disembarkation


    2. Coxswain Disembark
    3. Rowers Disembark

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