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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Project Context

In our present day, technology has a big impact on changing our daily lives. It has

become an essential part of our day-to-day activities and much more essential in business

operations. According to ZenBusiness INC. (n.d), technology can simplify and streamline

various business operations, saving you time, energy, and even money.

Business owners can improve the use of their resources by implementing technological

solutions in their business operations. Using technology, transactions can be done faster and

more efficiently compared to transactions done manually. One of the technologies commonly

used in restaurants and retail businesses is the Point-of-Sale System (POS) and Online Ordering

System. According to Deutch (2022), a POS system allows a business to accept payments from

customers and keep track of sales at the same time. According to Blink (2021), "An online

ordering system is a simple automated system that enables your restaurant to process internet-

based food orders from online customers through a branded website or mobile app." Both point

of sale and online ordering systems can provide a reliable, efficient, and productive business

operation. Productive business operations equal stress-free business. Furthermore, a productive

business can serve or deliver better service to its stakeholders.

Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch is a business in-line in the coffee chain industry just like

Starbucks, Tim Hortons, Dunkin' Donuts, and etc. The Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch sells

different kinds of goods like pizza, donuts, and coffee. Zsakers Café also provides services like

dine-in, take-out and reservation of customers’ orders.

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Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch uses a manual and traditional method to compute,

manage, and record their day-to-day transactions. Payments take a long time to process because

they are done manually, and they frequently result in errors. They are also having a hard time

managing their stocks using a manual method. Another problem that they are facing is that the

online ordering process is only done using social media. They manage their online orders

through Facebook and Messenger, and it can be tedious for the one that will answer all queries in

online ordering because he/she needs to manually respond to the customers' inquiries.

This system managed transactions that report the total sales of the customer's payments. It also

displays and tracks the information of the transactions and can monitor the inventory. This

system can also provide an online ordering system to handle all the customers' orders that they

can only do using Facebook and Messenger.

Purpose and Description

The Web-based Point of Sale and Online Ordering System for Zsakers Café Hagonoy

Branch will certainly benefit the following:

To the Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch. This project will enhance the transaction process in

Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch. And it will boost and increase the sales of their business.

To the Customer. This project will provide the customers a better and faster transaction on their

orders, and the customers will no longer be impatient.

To the Business Owner/Admin. This project will provide a better, more efficient, and reliable

monitoring of stocks and sales. And they can also monitor their customer's history of

transactions.
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To the Employee. This project will provide a hassle-free processing of customers’ orders.

To the Future Researchers. This proposed research will be used as a reference or guide,

especially if it is related to a Web-based Point of Sale System or Online Ordering System.

General and Specific Objectives

The general objective of the study is to design and develop a Web-based Point of Sales

and Online Ordering System that can improve the overall transactions in Zsakers Café Hagonoy

Branch.

Specifically, the study seeks to achieve the following specific objectives:

1. To be able to identify the existing problems encountered by the Zsakers Café

Hagonoy Branch in managing and processing the customer’s order.

2. To provide a better transaction by implementing a Web-based Point of Sale and

Online Ordering System that have a feature such as:

a. User login of Admin, Staff and Customer

b. Issuing Receipts

c. Viewing of transactions history

d. Inventory Management

e. Sales Monitoring

f. Point of Sale

g. Online Ordering

h. Online Payment

3. To reduce the time needed to process the customer’s orders.

4. To eliminate the inaccuracies in the Sales Report

5. To be able to manage the stocks easily.

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Scope and limitation of the Study

This study focused on developing and providing a system that automates the manual

transactions in Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch, such as managing inventory, monitoring sales,

and managing the customers' in-store and online orders.

The scope of this Web-based Point of Sale and Online Ordering System is to provide

sales monitoring, and to have better and hassle-free inventory management. This can also

provide an online ordering system that can help their customers purchase their desired product

easily. This system also focused on storing data in a database and safeguarding all business

information.

The limitation of this Web-based Point of Sale and Online Ordering System is that it can

only be accessed through the use of a website by the Admin, Staff, and Customers from Zsakers

Café Hagonoy Branch. The user needs to have an internet connection before accessing the

system. If the user doesn’t have internet access, the user will often be unable to use the website,

or the functionalities will be limited. Like the online ordering feature, it requires the customer to

have an internet connection to be able to order their desired products. Online ordering is the only

feature that is visible to the customers. The mode of payment in this system is only limited to G-

cash and Cash on Delivery. Employee management is not part of this system. This project only

focus on Zsakers Café Hagonoy Branch. Other Zsakers Café branches and businesses related to

the coffee chain business are not included in the scope of this project.
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Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE/SYSTEMS

The researcher presents related literatures and studies that are essential to this study. This

section also discusses the capabilities and limits of existing work, algorithms, or software that are

related or relevant to the project.

Related Literature

Point Of Sale (POS)

The time and location where a transaction is completed is referred to as the point of sale.

A point-of-sale (POS) system is a combination of computer hardware and software that manages

transactions during the sale of a product or service. It aids in the storage, collection, sharing, and

reporting of sales transaction data. It improves the shopping experience and speeds up the

checkout process, resulting in increased customer satisfaction. Inventory management, stock in

hand, product availability, and pricing information are examples of primary data obtained from

the systems (Morder Intelligence, 2021). A point of sale, commonly known as a point of

purchase, is where you charge customers. Customers are at the point of sale when they check out

online, come up to your checkout counter, or select an item from your stand or booth (Deutch,

2022).

De Castro (2022) asserts that a point of sale (POS) system allows your company to

collect payments from clients while also tracking the company sales. While these two advantages

appear basic, their implementation may differ depending on whether you operate a physical
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store, sell online, or both. For Physical stores, you can have a POS terminal and payment

processing system installed. And for Online stores. the POS could be a cloud-based system.

Point of sale is a tool that every business can use to streamline the struggles that business

operations are facing. POS systems may drastically cut costs while simultaneously increasing

productivity and business profit. Upgrading from a traditional method to a point-of-sale system

will result in a rapid return on investment (ROI), both in terms of money and time spent on day-

to-day operations.

Advantages of using POS system

With this system in place, you will have smooth transactions and a better chance of

standing out in today's competitive business industry. Brands without a POS system may miss

out on several business opportunities and cost savings, as well as opportunities to improve

customer service (De Castro, 2022). This are the advantages that businesses can obtain if POS

system will implement in their business operations:

Strengthen efficiency. When the POS system builds staff confidence in a variety of ways, this is

one of the most significant POS advantages in retail. Your employees will no longer need to

remember product names or prices. The products now have thumbnail photos on the POS

screen. In addition, as mentioned in the preceding section, POS can reduce transaction time. As a

result, your checkout counter might handle more customers each hour. It aids in increasing store

earning potential. Furthermore, because most manual operations are now automated and precise,

POS can remove human errors (Nguyen, 2022).

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Manage stock at ease. According to Nguyen (2022) “With the traditional register, staff has to

physically view inventory while POS supports them to automate checking stock on-screen. Even

any adjustment happens, they only have to look at the POS screen. And you’ll save time on stock

control at your stores. This second POS advantage will surprise you. Read on for the suprising

benefits of the POS and inventory system integration.”

Optimize checkout process. Nguyen (2022) said that “In an eye blink, all information of picked

products will go straightly to the system. Next, right on POS, cashiers also access the data

automatically and add the transaction info to the customer history.”

Generate accurate reports. POS will automatically extract point of sale reports containing

crucial information based on the history of store transactions. This feature assists managers in

obtaining a broad picture of their company's performance. Reports, for example, illustrate current

sales trends or identify areas of needless overspending, allowing management to take appropriate

action (Nguyen, 2022).

Detailed Receipts. According to Monocello (2010), “OS systems provide your customers with

more detailed receipts rather than just a slip of paper with the date and the amount of the sale.

POS systems use inventory data to provide much more information, including item description,

price, and savings from a sale or coupon. With some systems, you also have the option to

customize a particular portion of the receipt like the footer.”

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Faster Service. “A POS solution provides a faster checkout process than cash registers,

especially if they’re using a barcode scanner to ring up the products. POS technology allows you

to make the most of the checkout experience to engage customers and make sure they leave with

a good impression of your brand” (Monocello, 2010).

POS for Small Businesses

In “Retail Point of Sale Market” (2021), the author state that small businesses are using

POS systems to reap the benefits that come with them. Effective POS systems enable business

owners to spend less time on business/store administration by providing relevant reports that aid

in quick decision-making. The improved POS systems also help to increase store profitability

through better inventory management. Through customer data obtained during sales transactions,

solutions also enable targeted and tailored marketing activities. As small businesses struggle to

manage capital expenses, POS data reports can provide a bird's eye perspective of business

operations to measure the effectiveness of various areas.

POS in Retailing Business

Retail businesses nowadays have been using Point-of-Sale (POS) in their daily sales and

inventory. Managers can do better analysis of the business with POS integrated into the

operation (Mangmang, 2018). According to Morales et al., (2020), small businesses can be more

beneifited by POS systems. "For small businesses such as a mini grocery, some use manual

computation that can consume considerable time and bring more hustle to their customers and
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workers. A point-of-sale (POS) system is a computerized system that can be used in groceries to

compute quickly and determine the prices quickly.

According to Luna (2021), POS systems may drastically improve the speed and

smoothness of the checkout process, especially with barcode technology. Cashiers can scan the

code fast, locate the product, allocate it to a transaction, and immediately update the inventory

after payment. Customers can enter the store, look around for what they want, and buy the things

they desire at an incredible speed.

Inventory

According to Praveen et al., (2020), "Inventory is the supply of raw materials, partially

finished goods called work-in-progress and finished goods, an organization maintains to meet its

operational needs. It represents a sizeable investment and a potential source of waste that needs

to be carefully controlled. Inventory is defined as a stock of goods that is maintained by a

business in anticipation of some future demand" (p. 866). Inventory has an impact on both

product processing and also the delivery of completed goods to customers. Inventory

management requires a significant amount of strategic knowledge and skills (StudyCorgi., 2020).

Inventory is typically described as the stage between manufacturing and order fulfillment.

Inventory is important to all of an organization's commercial activities because it is often a key

source of income growth. Regardless of how inventory is characterized and classified, it is

mainly its management that has a direct impact on an organization's order fulfillment capabilities

(Jenkins, 2021).

Inventory Management
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According to Lal Pruthi (2017), "Inventory management is a systematic approach to

sourcing, storing, and selling inventory—both raw materials (components) and finished goods

(products). In business terms, inventory management means the right stock, at the right levels, in

the right place, at the right time, and at the right cost as well as price (p. 103). Moreover,

inventory management is defined as "the intended course of planning, arranging, and managing

inventory with the goal of minimizing inventory investment while preserving the supply and

demand balance." In particular, the process involves monitoring the supply, storage, and

accessibility of commodities to maintain an adequate supply without excessive oversupply

(Singh & Verma, 2018).

Inventory management is a must, even for small and medium-sized businesses. A system

that maintains inventory levels, orders, and sales in order to do predictive analysis and forecast

demand that will help in the reduction of over-stock and out-of-stock situations. All

organizations should manage optimal inventory in order to eliminate under-inventory, which

disrupts financial numbers. A careful review of internal and external factors, together with

greater planning, can enhance inventory status (Praveen et al., 2020, p. 866).

POS for Inventory Management

A POS system that has an inventory tracking system can help a business know when to

order products to avoid stockouts as well as how to avoid having too much product on hand.

Here are some advantages of using a POS system for inventory management:

Real-time Inventory Status. Inventory and pricing are tracked in real time using the POS system.

The system will update as soon as a product is purchased. You always know how many of each

item you have in the inventory with the help of real-time inventory updates (Fulcaldo, 2021).
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Improve Profitability. “When you misjudge demand by purchasing too much of a slow-selling

item, you’ll usually end up discounting that item to make room, negatively impacting your

profitability. Since your POS system can show you exactly which products are selling – and how

many you have – you can gear your future purchases toward high-demand areas while cutting

back on less popular products” (Fulcaldo, 2021).

Enhance the Customer Experience. Inventory management decisions on a daily basis have a

direct impact on customer experience by ensuring you have what your customers want to buy

when they want to buy it. It is critical to have accurate inventory forecasting and to estimate the

amount of inventory is also required to satisfy consumer demand (Shook, 2020).

Product Demand Forecasting

"The Demand Forecasting will help small and medium businesses to maintain inventory

and minimize manual labor. allowing it to reduce the capital spent on maintaining inventory. In

this process, it aims to simultaneously improve profitability. With the forecasting technique, the

overstock and stock-out of items are reduced as the stocks are ordered based on demand

(Praveen et al., 2020, p. 866). In addition to that, product demand forecasting is a vital

prerequisite for many operations, marketing, sales, and supply chain planning tasks, ranging

from resource procurement to production and inventory decisions, all the way to delivering

orders to customers (Fahimnia, 2018).

In relation to that, the main cause of wasted products and stockouts in the retail food

industry is the inaccuracy of sales and demand forecasting, leading to incorrect orders (Tarallo et
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al., 2019). This means that product demand forecasting is also very important in businesses.

Inaccurate forecasting can cause problems in business operations.

Importance of Data Accuracy to the Business Success

Digital Aroma (2022) asserts that data accuracy is a quality data component that refers to

whether the data values collected for an item are correct. To keep data reliable, the data value

must be correct and conveyed in a consistent and unambiguous manner. Furthermore, data

accuracy refers to records that are free of errors and may be used as a trusted source of

information (Kim, 2020). Data accuracy is also a vital part of a business. It gives the business an

edge over other competitors if data accuracy is preserved and inaccuracy is avoided. To show the

importance of data accuracy to business success, these are the advantages of data accuracy:

Improves Decision Making. When data quality and accuracy are sufficient, it allows the

organization's users to obtain better results and boosts worker confidence (ERP Information,

2020).

Improves Productivity. Accurate data makes your employees' tasks considerably easier. Instead

of wasting time searching for and correcting data inaccuracies, your team may focus on more

important tasks and goals than fixing data inaccuracies (Delhi School of Internet Marketing

[DSIM], 2019).

Better Marketing. Data accuracy enables you to promote to the proper market, saving you time

and money. Furthermore, it allows you to keep your customers interested. This is one of the

primary reasons why data accuracy is critical to your business (Digital Aroma, 2022).
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Leads to Lower Cost. Data that is correct and up to date saves you money that might otherwise

be wasted on poor decisions, techniques, and strategies (DSIM, 2019).

Keep the Customers Close. Data can assist decision makers in generating more value from

existing consumers, attracting new customers, and preventing customers from leaving. Above

all, the customer should benefit (Nheng, 2019).

Web-based application

According to LVIVITY TEAM (2018), "Web-based applications are a type of software

that enables users to interact with a remote server via a web browser interface. Users do not need

to install additional software to use web-based apps, and developers do not need to create

multiple versions of the same application for different operating systems. " Web applications aid

in the automation of business processes, allowing you to complete more tasks in less time and

with greater accuracy. Furthermore, Delvin (2020) states that "Web applications, also known as

web-based software, are computer programs that use a website as their user interface, allowing

them to be accessed from any internet-connected device, such as a desktop, mobile, or tablet."

Shared Commerce

According to Harrison (2021), "By taking its operations online, a business can grow

exponentially. Previously, businesses had to run data from both their e-commerce platforms and

their physical POS systems. To run a report, you would have to import both results into a

spreadsheet, accounting system, or other reporting software. However, because of shared

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commerce POS systems, businesses can save plenty of time by automating the process. One e-

commerce solution is Shopify’s POS system. It syncs with the Shopify app for iOS and Android

to track both online and offline transactions. Instead of managing two sets of inventories and

payment systems, the Shopify POS synchronizes financial and product information on a

centralized dashboard. This way, you have quick and easy access to real-time data and customer

insights across two sales channels, without the hassle of running reports on multiple systems. "

Related Systems

Point of Sale System at Bibingkinitan

Flores et al. (2020) conduct a study and provide a system entitled a point-of-sale at

Bibingkinitan. A point-of-sale system allows customers to pay merchants in return for products

and services. The company's recent transactions have been slow and unstable. For their business,

they were using a manual transaction. As a result, the business depends on its team's ability to

correctly compute sales transactions, which can result in errors and inaccuracies. This procedure

is also time-consuming. With this method, the company may easily do a computerized

transaction without having to manually record the names of the sold products in the inventory

records. The proponents developed the system using the systems development life cycle as a

reference. A point-of-sale system can improve the Bibingkinitan's business transactions and

processes with its customers. With this method, the business may quickly do a computerized

transaction without having to manually record the names of the sold products in inventory. This

automated method turns the manual procedure into a modern way that benefits the workforce,

particularly the cashier, employees, customers, and the owner.

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Point of Sale with Sale Monitoring System for Eduardo’s Kitchenette

The study of Dumlao et al., 2019, a Bachelor of Science in information technology in the

AMA Computer College—Olongapo City, Inc., built a Point of Sale with a Sales Monitory

System for Eduardo’s Kitchenette. Eduardo's Kitchenette calculates transactions and generates

sales reports manually. The manual approach is prone to human errors, which result in payment

miscalculation and task repetition. The manual method cannot handle large transactions while

also producing reports for the customer. The system is equipped to handle large transactions,

generate sales reports, and manage customer interactions. The system was developed using the

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) methodology.

Website-Based Point of Sale System at 26Store Sports Stores

Rachmawati (2021), from Indonesia, developed a Website-Based Point of Sale System

for 26Store sports shop. 26Store sports shop is a shop that sells all kinds of sports equipment,

such as basketball, football, futsal shoes, soccer shoes, sports clothes, team suits, and others. All

types of transactions, ranging from sales to purchases and data collection at the 26Store Sports

Shop, are still carried out manually in the form of books. For a company, the bookkeeping

system is an important thing that records all types of transactions, ranging from sales and

purchases to data collection of goods. If transaction activities in a company are not monitored

properly and there is no record of activity in the business processes that occur, it can cause a very

large risk of loss.

At-Thoyyib Shop Inventory Management System

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Ilias et al., (2018), developed an Inventory Management System for At-Thoyyib Shop to

facilitate inventory management that includes the entry and exit of goods in storage, and the

inventory will be managed systematically and efficiently. According to observations and

interviews, the problem is that the system employed in the At-Thoyyib Shop is managed

manually. For example, if inventory data were maintained in a book, there are a couple

drawbacks: books are perishable, and a person can make mistakes when putting the data in the

book. The waterfall model has been implemented in the development of this system. The

waterfall methodology has the advantage of being simple to convey to people. Lastly, the

inventory management system is designed to speed up the process of recording inventory

information and increase the efficiency with which management reports are generated.

Mobile Based POS Systems

In the study by Dunn et al., (2016), they assert that in the coming years, mobile POS

applications that run on customers' mobile devices will become more popular. Customers can use

their mobile devices to explore mobile POS and complete the purchase order based on their

preferences. Customers will be able to checkout things on their mobile devices in the near future,

as if it were their own portable POS system. This scenario benefits both sides because retailers

wind up doing more business while creating a significantly higher ratio of satisfied customers.

Businesses will be able to keep their enthusiastic, loyal clients as long as they allow for checkout

via mobile device and human interaction.

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Chapter III

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

In this chapter, the researchers discussed the various research approaches for creating the

system presented in this chapter. Furthermore, the researchers gathered information and

conducted research are used to provide a solution and for the system's development.

Software Development Methodology

A SDLC model is a conceptual framework that describes all processes in a software

development project, from planning to maintenance. This process is linked to various models,

each of which includes several duties and activities. The System Methodology that researchers

used in this study is the Agile Model.

The Agile Development Model was utilized by the researchers to demonstrate the

development technique. An Agile model is used in the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

to build a system in a systematic and standardized manner. Agile project management and
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software development is an iterative process. System planning, analysis, design, system

development, testing, and deployment are all part of this model.

Figure 1.0 System Development Life Cycle (Agile Model)

The following discuss the phases involved in Agile Model:

Planning Phase

In this part, problems and solutions to those problems should be determine by the

researchers. To provide a better result to this project that aid the determined problems, the

researchers need to set up a plan that helped the whole project. Team Engagement is the

characteristic that a team must possess in this stage to provide a robust planning.

Analysis Phase

This phase the researchers need to have a better understanding on the requirements that
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the client provide. Those requirements used to set the satisfactory level of the client on the

possible outcome of this project. To know the requirements required on this project, the

researchers conduct an interview. The gathered information for the requirements and

specifications of this project, used to create the ideal design and functionalities based on the

gathered requirements.

Design Phase

During the designing process, the researchers created the precise design base on the client

requirements. This phase covers the aspect of designing, conceptualizing and framing the ideal

outcome of the system. This work as a "blueprint" for the researchers on developing the system.

In constructing the system's design, the developers adhere to the client's requirements

and specifications and utilize various tools such as data flow diagrams and use case diagrams

Development Phase

During this step, the system function was coded using the researchers' knowledge to

make the planned system specification work. The researcher utilized Visual Studio Code to

create the proposed system. To provide the functionalities, the researchers used Html, CSS,

React JS, and Node JS. And for the database that the data stored, XAMPP MySQL been utilized.

Testing Phase

In this phase errors in the functionality has been identified. Because this stage serve as

the researcher’s basis if the system is ready and prepared for the implementation. This phase also

discussed whether the client suggested functionalities and ideas for the system were met. The
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researchers do functional testing to ensure that every functionality of the system accomplished

according to the client requirements.

Deployment Phase

In this stage any errors in the functionalities of the system must be exact and accurate

base on the client desired outcome. The validated system is deployed in the field during the

implementation phase. Announcing the Deployment timeline, system end-users training, and

installation of the system are the key responsibilities of this stage.

Figure 2.0 Gantt Chart

Requirements Analysis and Documentation

The primary purpose of this research is to develop a Web-based Point-of-Sale and Online

Ordering System for Zsakers Cafe Hagonoy Branch. Addressing the client's difficulties in their

current business operation, the researchers suggested that this system be designed in response to

the challenges that the client has experienced and to the client's requirements.

This part discussed the different requirements that the system needs to make client
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satisfied with the output of the system. During this phase, the client describes the project's

expectations, including who will use the product, how they will use the product, and any

special requirements linked to the software. Each individual requirement is essential and vital to

the functionality of the system.

System Requirements Analysis. The researchers look into many types of data required in the

proposed methodology. The researchers want to develop a thorough design requirements that

defines the set of system capabilities to be implemented, as well as accompanying data and

process models that illustrate the information to be managed and the operations that the system

enabled. This is the process of acquiring the client's requirements and information.

Software Requirements. The researchers analyzed this study in designing the system, using the

NodeJS framework (NestJS) for the backend and the ReactJS framework for the frontend. And

the database that the researchers use in this system is XAMPP MySQL. The XAMPP MySQL

database is capable of handling various types and numbers of entities. It also possible to insert

and retrieve data at any time of day.

Hardware Requirements. To properly implement the functionality of the system, the hardware

requirements listed below are suggested:

1. Personal Computer

2. Mobile Phone

3. Printer
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Design of Software, Systems, Product, and/or Processes

Figure 3.0 Data Flow Diagram Level 0

The data flow diagram for the system is shown in Figure 3.0. According to figure 3.0, the

administrator is capable of storing and inputting product data to the system, and they are also

capable of viewing inventory details and sales details. On the part of the staff, they are capable of
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managing the data of in-store customers and their order details. Both Admin and Staff can

managed Online Orders. There are two types of customers that can benefit from this system.

First, the in-store customer. This type of customer can order with the help of staff that utilized

the system to process their orders, and they can get a receipt when their order is done. The

second type of customer is the online customer. They can directly browse their desired products

in the system through their own devices.

Figure 4.0 Use Case Administrator Module

Figure 4.0 shows how the system administrator has access to the Sales and Inventory

feature of the system. The administrator is also can access the product adding, editing and
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deletion. Online Orders is part their responsibility and they are also responsible for creating new

staff account.

Figure 5.0 Use Case Staff Module

In figure 5.0, the staff can do the transaction such as customer payments and printing

their receipts. Staff can manage the online customers orders and they can also manage their own

account.
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Figure 6.0 Use Case Online Customer Module

In figure 6.0, the online customer can browse their desired product through online

ordering feature of the system.

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Figure 7.0 Flowchart Admin: Dashboard

Figure 7.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 8.0 Flowchart Admin: POS

Figure 8.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 9.0 Flowchart Admin: Inventory

Figure 9.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 10.0 Flowchart Admin: Sales

Figure 10.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 11.0 Flowchart Admin: Orders Page

Figure 11.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 12.0 Flowchart Admin: Add New Staff Account Page

Figure 12.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 13.0 Flowchart Staff: Dashboard

Figure 13.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 14.0 Flowchart Staff: POS

Figure 14.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 15.0 Flowchart Staff: Inventory

Figure 15.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 16.0 Flowchart Customer: Online Ordering

Figure 18.0 shows how the processes, sequences, and decisions involved in the process or

workflow in this system.

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Figure 17.0 Entity Relationship Diagram

Figure 19.0 showed the Entity Relationship Diagram of the different entities and

attributes used in the database in this system.

Development and Testing

The researchers make use of different criteria to evaluate the developed system. Criteria

such as authority, purpose, coverage, currency, objectivity, accuracy, functionality, authority, &

Training and Documentation have been utilized. The system is evaluated and tested to ensure

that a developed system meets the intended usage and user requirements. To present the criteria

to the evaluators, the researchers used an evaluation form as a data-gathering instrument. The

evaluation form is used to identify the level of viability for every criterion necessary to say that

the developed system is ready for deployment.

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Description of the Prototype

In this system the researcher used Visual Studio Code as the IDE, with JavaScript &

TypeScript as the major scripting language, XAMPP MySQL as the database and Adobe XD for

the UI/UX designing/prototyping.

Figure 18.0 Landing Page

Figure 18.0 shows the front page of online ordering where the admin, staff, and

customers can perform signup and login of their accounts.

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Figure 19.0 Login Form (Admin, Staff, and Customer)

Figure 19.0 shows the system's log-in form for Admin, Staff, and Customers. To log in,

the system requires a valid email address and password.

Figure 20.0 Signup (Customer)

Figure 20.0 shows the system's signup page for staff and customers. Apart from inputting

valid information, it needs to be verified by the admin before it can be a valid staff account.
 40

Figure 21.0 POS Page

Figure 21.0 includes the POS page of this proposed system. The POS page manages the

transactions like buying products. It also displays all the products that can be purchased.

Figure 22.0 Inventory Page

This image displays the inventory and the process of adding products.
 41

Figure 22.0 illustrates the Inventory Page of the proposed POS system. Inventory page

allows the admin and staff to manage the products in the inventory. Admin and Staff can

manipulate the inventory by adding, editing, and deleting products information.

Figure 23.0 Sales Page

This figure shows the Sales page of the system. The Sales Page can be the basis for

making sales reports and knowing if the sales are doing well.

Figure 24.0 Orders Page

 42

This image represents the orders of the customers.

Figure 25.0 Adding Staff Page

This image shows how to add new staff/employee by filling out the form.

Figure 26.0 Online Ordering (Homepage)

 43

This image displays the table of contents of online ordering.

Figure 27.0 Online Ordering (Store)

This image depicts the system’s store, which will also display the products.

Figure 28.0 Online Ordering (Purchases)

This image shows the purchased product of the customers. It contains various functions.
 44

Figure 29.0 Online Ordering (Customer Cart)

This image illustrates the adding of product to their cart.

Figure 30.0 Online Ordering (Checkout Page)

This image displays the check out page under online ordering where you can find the total

amount of your order.

 45

Figure 31.0 Online Ordering (Checkout Form)

This image illustrates the check out form where the customer would enter their information.

Figure 32.0 Online Ordering (COD Payment)

This is the last step of COD payment where you can find the details of the transaction.
 46

Figure 33.0 Online Ordering (GCash Payment)

This image shows the Payment Summary of the transaction.

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Chapter IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter contains the interpretation of the evaluation’s findings for this study. The

researcher interprets and presents the gathered data in descriptive statistics and presents it

systematically. The findings are presented in a systematic manner to address the study’s overall

objectives.

Significant features in the developed system

Figure 34.0 Landing Page

Figure 18.0 shows the front page of online ordering where the admin, staff, and

customers can perform signup and login of their accounts.

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Figure 35.0 Login Form (Admin, Staff, and Customer)

Figure 19.0 shows the system's log-in form for Admin, Staff, and Customers. To log in,

the system requires a valid email address and password.

Figure 36.0 Signup (Customer)

Figure 20.0 shows the system's signup page for staff and customers. Apart from inputting

valid information, it needs to be verified by the admin before it can be a valid staff account.
 49

Figure 37.0 POS Page

50
 51

Figure 38.0 Inventory Page

Figure 22.0 illustrates the Inventory Page of the proposed POS system. Inventory page

allows the admin and staff to manage the products in the inventory. Admin and Staff can

manipulate the inventory by adding, editing, and deleting products information.

Figure 40.0 Sales Page

This figure shows the Sales page of the system. The Sales Page can be the basis for

making sales reports and knowing if the sales are doing well.
 52

Figure 41.0 Orders Page

 53

Figure 42.0 Adding Staff Page

 54

Figure 43.0 Online Ordering (Homepage)

 55

Figure 44.0 Online Ordering (Store)

 56

Figure 45.0 Online Ordering (Purchases)

 57

Figure 46.0 Online Ordering (Customer Cart)

Figure 47 Online Ordering (Checkout Form)

 58

Figure 48.0 Online Ordering (Checkout Page)

Figure 49.0 Online Ordering (Checkout Form)

 59

Figure 50.0 Online Ordering (COD Payment)

Figure 51.0 Online Ordering (GCash Payment)

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Utilization of Software Development Tools

Visual Studio Code

Visual Studio Code is the code editor that the researchers utilized. It is a free source-code

editor developed by Microsoft. It has some features that suit the development process of this

project. Support for debugging, syntax highlighting, intelligent code completion, snippets, and

more are the features of Visual Studio Code.

Adobe XD

Adobe XD is the tool that the researchers used for prototyping and designing the front-

end of the website. Adobe XD is a powerful and user-friendly design tool for websites,

applications, and other projects that need a modernized design. This suits the design

development process because it contains some features that are ideal for modern web design and

can be matched in actual coded design.

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Web Browser

In order to display the actual output of the website, a web browser is required. This tool is

essential in web development because it will determine whether or not the output is correct.

When the website is already running on the internet, the web browser is also required for the

end-users' access to the website.

Developer Tools

The researchers mainly used Developer Tools for debugging, testing, and inspecting the

website during development. This tool is essential in ensuring that there are no errors or bugs on

the website, which will make the website 100% ready for deployment.

Software Quality Evaluation Criteria

Table 2.0

Respondent of the Evaluation

Respondents Frequency Percentage

IT Experts 5 22.72%

Staff 4 18.18%

Admin 1 4.55%

Customers 12 54.55%
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TOTAL 22 100%

Table 2.0 shows the evaluation respondents, who included IT Experts (5), Staff (4),

Admin (1), and Customers (12). The researchers utilized the interpretation of tables to expound

on each criterion’s overall mean distribution. From Poor, Fair, Good, Very Good and Excellent

as highest are the ranges used to interpret the mean distributions. Furthermore,

the researchers provide an instrument that is based on the Software Quality Model and uses a fiv

e-point Likert scale:

Table 3.0

Five Point Likert Type Attitude Scale

Scale Range Descriptive Rating

1 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

2 1.50 – 2.49 Fair

3 2.50 – 3.49 Good

4 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good

5 4.50 – 5.00 Excellent

Using a Likert Scale, the respondents’ ratings were statistically interpreted, and using a

weighted mean or average, the rating was recorded. Software Quality Evaluation Criteria such
 63

as: Authority, Purpose, Coverage, Currency, Objectivity, Accuracy, Functionality, & Training

and Documentation has been utilized for the respondent’s response.

The range was labeled by the researchers as “Excellent” for 5, “Very Good” for 4,

“Good” for 3, “Fair” for 2, and “Poor” for 1. To compute the mean average for every question in

each criterion, the mean formula will be used in the computation.

Formula:

5 ( r )+ 4 ( r )+ 3 ( r )+ 2 ( r )+1 ®
M= N
Where:
M – Mean
Σ – Sum of all ratings
N – Number of respondents

Table 4.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Authority

INDICATORS

A. Authority Mean Response Description

1. Authorship: Is it clear who

4.13 Very Good
developed the site?
2. Is contact information clearly
3.77 Very Good
provided: e-mail address, snail mail
address, phone number, and fax
number?
3. Credentials: Did the author state
3.86 Very Good
qualifications, credentials, or
personal background that gives
them authority to present
 64

information?
4. Is the site supported by an
4.04 Very Good
organization or a commercial
body?

General Weighted Mean 3.95 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

Table 4.0 indicates that the developed website was rated as "Very Good" by the

respondents in terms of Authority: Authorship has a weighted mean of 4.13, indicating that it is

clear who developed the site; In terms of the contact information provided clearly, the

respondents rated it at 3.77; Credentials have a weighted mean of 3.86, which indicates that the

author’s state qualifications, credentials, or personal background gives them authority to present

information; Lastly, when asked whether the site is supported by an organization or a

commercial body, the respondents give it a rating of 4.04. Overall, the Authority of the

developed website obtained a 3.95 general weighted mean, and “Very Good” response

description for all of the weighted mean.

Table 5.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Purpose

INDICATORS

B. Purpose Mean Response Description

1. Does the content support the

4.04 Very Good
purpose of the site?
2. Is the information geared to a
3.95 Very Good
specific audience (students,
scholars, general reader)?
 65

3. Is the site organized and focused?

3.86 Very Good

4. Are the outside links appropriate

3.86 Very Good
for the site?
5. Does the site evaluate the links?
4.13 Very Good

6. Check the domain of the site. The

3.95 Very Good
URL may indicate its purpose.

General Weighted Mean 3.96 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

According to Table 5.0, the developed system is "Very Good" in terms of Purpose

because it has a rating of 3.96: The website content supports the purpose of the site, obtained a

4.04 weighted mean; the information is geared to a specific audience (students, scholars, general

readers), the respondents give a 3.95 weighted mean; the site is organized and focused, obtained

a weighted mean of 3.86; the website's outside links are appropriate for the site, the respondents

give a 3.86 weighted mean; In terms of does the site evaluate the links, it obtained a 4.13

weighted mean; the website URL may indicate its purpose obtained a weighted mean of 3.95.

Overall, in terms of Purpose, it receives a 3.96 general weighted mean, and also it obtained a

“Very Good” response description for all of the weighted mean.

Table 6.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Coverage

INDICATORS

C. Coverage Mean Response Description

1. Are the topics explored in depth?

4.09 Very Good
 66

2. Compare the value of the site’s

4.18 Very Good
information compared to other
similar sites.
3. Do the links go to outside sites
3.95 Very Good
rather than its own?
4. Does the site provide information
4.13 Very Good
with no relevant outside links?
5. Are the links (if any) evaluated and
3.90 Very Good
do they complement the
documents' theme?
6. Is it all images or a balance of text
4.04 Very Good
and images?

7. Is the information presented cited 4.13 Very Good

correctly?

8. If page requires special software to 3.95 Very Good

view the information, how much
are you missing if you don't have
the software?

9. Is it free or is there a fee to obtain 4.13 Very Good

the information?

10. Is there an option for text only, or 4.00 Very Good

frames, or a suggested browser for
better viewing?

General Weighted Mean 4.05 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

Table 6.0 shows the data that in terms Coverage, the respondents rate it as “Very Good:

the website topics explored in depth received a 4.09 weighted mean; Compare the value of the

site’s information compared to other similar sites, it obtained a weighted mean of 4.18; In terms
 67

of links go to outside sites rather than its own, it obtained a 3.95 weighted mean; the website

provide information with no relevant outside links received a weighted mean of 4.13; the website

links (if any) evaluated and do they complement the documents' theme obtained a 3.90; website

contained all images or a balance of text and images obtained 4.04; In terms of information

presented cited correctly, the respondents give a 4.13 weighted mean; In terms of page requires

special software to view the information, it received a 3.95 weighted mean; In terms of the

website is free or is there a fee to obtain the information, the respondents give a weighted mean

of 4.13; In terms of websites option for text only, or frames, or a suggested browser for better

viewing, the respondents give a 4.00 weighted mean. As a whole, the Coverage of the developed

system received a 4.05 general weighted mean, and “Very Good” response description for all of

the weighted mean.

Table 7.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Currency

INDICATORS

D. Currency Mean Response Description

1. Links are up-to-date

4.13 Very Good

2. Links provided should be reliable.

4.00 Very Good
Dead links or references to sites
that have moved are not useful.
3. Information provided so trend
4.04 Very Good
related that its usefulness is limited
to a certain time period?
4. Has the site been under
3.95 Very Good
construction for some time?
 68

General Weighted Mean 4.03 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

According to Table 7.0, respondents rated the currency of the website as "Very Good":

the website links are up-to-date and received a weighted mean of 4.13; links provided should be

reliable and received a weighted mean of 4.00; the website information provided is so trend-

related that its usefulness is limited to a certain time period and received a weighted mean of

4.04; As one, the developed website received a 4.03 weighted mean, and all of the weighted

means have a "Very Good" response description regarding Currency.

Table 8.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Objectivity

INDICATORS

E. Objectivity Mean Response Description

1. Is the information presented with a

3.90 Very Good
particular bias?
2. Does the information try to sway
4.04 Very Good
the audience?
3. Does site advertising conflict with
4.22 Very Good
the content?
4. Is the site trying to explain, inform,
4.00 Very Good
persuade, or sell something?

General Weighted Mean 4.04 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

As Table 8.0 prove that respondents rated the Objectivity of the developed website as

“Very Good”: the website information presented with a particular bias was given a weighted
 69

mean of 3.90; the information try to sway the audience was given a weighted mean of 4.40; site

advertising conflict with the content has given a weighted mean of 4.22; site is trying to explain,

inform, persuade, or sell something was given a weighted mean of 4.00. Overall, the developed

website was given a 4.04 weighted mean by the respondents and all of the weighted mean

received a “Very Good” response description regarding Objectivity of the website.

Table 9.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Accuracy

INDICATORS

F. Accuracy Mean Response Description

1. Reliability: Is the author affiliated

3.90 Very Good
with a known, respectable
institution?
2. References: do statistics and other
4.04 Very Good
factual information receive proper
references as to their origin?
3. Does the reading you have already
4.22 Very Good
done on the subject make the
information seem accurate?
4. Is the information comparable to
4.13 Very Good
other sites on the same topic?
5. Does the text follow basic rules of
3.95 Very Good
grammar, spelling and
composition?
6. Is a bibliography or reference list
3.95 Very Good
included?
 70

General Weighted Mean 4.03 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

A set of data in Table 9.0 affirms that respondents rated the developed system as “Very

Good” in terms of its Accuracy: the website author affiliated with a known, respectable

institution obtained a 3.90 weighted mean; Do statistics and other factual information receive

proper references as to their origin obtained a 4.04 weighted mean; Does the reading you have

already done on the subject make the information seem accurate, obtained a weighted mean of

4.22; In terms of is the information comparable to other sites on the same topic, the respondents

give a 4.13 weighted mean; Does the text follow basic rules of grammar, spelling and

composition, obtained a weighted mean of 3.95; the website bibliography or reference list

included, the respondents grant a weighted mean of 3.95. Overall, the developed system obtained

a mean value of 4.6 and all of the weighted mean received a “Very Good” response description

regarding Accuracy.

Table 10.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Functionality

INDICATORS

G. Functionality Mean Response Description

1. Accessibility. Is there breadth of

4.13 Very Good
browser compatibility? A minimum
& maximum monitor resolution? Is
there is an appeal to universal
audience - multilingual translations,
cultural sensitivity, disability
access & services?
 71

2. Speed & Bandwidth Sensitivity.

4.31 Very Good
Consider overall page sizes &
complexity, average download
times, download order & image
redraws; wait to first
reaction/interaction times.
3. HTML Quality. Clean HTML with
4.13 Very Good
no faulty code, workability of
active x, rollovers, applets, etc.,
page titles, descriptions, keywords
& tags, Java & JavaScript
dependency, image dependency.
4. Navigation & Links. Navigation
4.40 Very Good
functionality & clarity, link
integrity, quality & depth of links
provided.
5. Legality. Original artwork, music,
4.18 Very Good
intellectual property etc.,
international copyright laws are
correctly observed, quotations,
images & intellectual property from
3rd parties are appropriately cited,
legal site content & legal site
activities.
6. Compliance. Adherence to
4.22 Very Good
standards.
7. Security. Provision for security
4.09 Very Good
requirements.

General Weighted Mean 4.21 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor
 72

In terms of functionality, the Table 10.0 shows that the respondents graded the developed

website as “Very Good”: In terms of Accessibility, the respondents give a rating of 4.13; In

terms of Speed & Bandwidth Sensitivity, the respondents give a rating of 4.31; In terms of

HTML Quality, it received a 4.13 weighted mean; In terms of the website navigation

functionality & clarity, link integrity, quality & depth of links provided, it received a 4.40

weighted mean; In terms of the Legality of the website, the respondents grant a weighted mean

of 4.18; In terms of the Compliance with a weighted mean of 4.22 which indicates that the

website adhere to the standards; In terms of website provision for security requirement, it

received a 4.09 weighted mean. The general weighted mean that the developed website obtained

is 4.21, and "Very Good" is the overall response description that all of the weighted mean

received.

Table 11.0

Mean Distribution of Respondents Rating According to Training and Documentation

INDICATORS

H. Training and Documentation Mean Response Description

1. Availability of guides and printed

4.13 Very Good
documentation (technical or user’s
manual).
2. Provision for trainings/tutorials or
4.22 Very Good
real interactive learning.
3. Provision for help component. Text
4.31 Very Good
should be clear and use language
correctly, with appropriate
headings and subheadings.
Unfamiliar terms should be defined
 73

and explained. Organization should

be logical. All information should
be readily accessible for reference.

General Weighted Mean 4.22 Very Good

4.50 – 5.00 Excellent; 3.50 – 4.49 Very Good; 2.50 – 3.49 Good; 1.50 – 2.49 Fair; 1.00 – 1.49 Poor

A glance of data in Table 11.0 conveys that the respondents provide a rating of “Very

Good” in terms of the Training and Documentation of the developed website: Availability of

guides and printed documentation obtained a 4.13 weighted mean; In terms of provision for

trainings/tutorials or real interactive learning, the respondents give a 4.22 weighted mean; In

terms of provision for help component, the respondents give a 4.31 weighted mean. Overall, in

terms of Training and Documentation, it received a 4.22 general weighted mean. For the

response description, all of the weighted mean obtained as “Very Good”.

Table 12.0

Summary of the weighted mean for the Web-based Point of Sale and Online Ordering

System

All Respondent

Criteria Weighted Mean Response Description

Authority 3.95 Very Good

Purpose 3.96 Very Good

Coverage 4.05 Very Good

Currency 4.03 Very Good

Objectivity 4.04 Very Good

 74

Accuracy 4.03 Very Good

Functionality 4.21 Very Good

Training and Documentation 4.22 Very Good

Overall weighted mean 4.06 Very Good

As per Table 12.0, the Web-based Point of Sales and Online Ordering for Zsakers Café

Hagonoy Branch was rated "Very Good" in the following categories: 3.95 for Authority, 3.96 for

Purpose, 4.05 for Coverage; 4.03 for Currency, 4.04 for Objectivity, 4.03 for Accuracy, 4.21 for

Functionality, and 4.22 for Training and Documentation. Criteria with lower grades include

ratings such as 3.95 for Authority and 3.96 for Purpose. In the overall weighted mean, the

developed website has rated with a value of 4.06 that has a response description of being a "Very

Good" website.

Chapter V

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this chapter, the researchers discussed the overall summary and conclusions of this

study. And also, the recommendations that needed to this project is provided.
 75

Summary

The main concern of this study is to develop an online ordering system. The proposed

system is intended to provide online transactions in order to provide satisfaction and convenience

to the restaurant's customers.

To achieve the study's aims, the data gathered was processed and then interpreted. In

order to design and create the suggested system. We, the researchers, utilized the Agile Software

Development approach.

The team planned and recommended problem-solving solutions as well as analyzed and

determine requirements, the system was developed with business rules and process diagrams,

tested, and installed. Ongoing development will add new features and maintain system

functionality.

The proposed system was evaluated by twelve Customers, the Client, and five IT expert

in order to collect more data to enhance the system's features.

An evaluation of the advancement of the Zsakers Cafe online ordering system is provided

in this section. The outcome demonstrates the justification for how the study's objective we’re

achieved.

Conclusion

1. Design and develop a web based which will be capable of placing orders, menu

management and tracking of orders, inventory, online ordering. The tracking of orders lets

the employees retrieve new orders from the database and display the orders in an easily

readable, graphic way.

 76

- The system has three main features. The Admin who has the ability to manage the main

function of the system. The staff who would also organize and facilitate the inventory of items. It

has the ability to add and remove items, as well as create category, sub categories, and set

categories. Lastly, the user which enable to conduct online ordering.

- In placing order it contains add and minus quantity of the product, payment method with

two options, check out, and fill out shipping information to be able to complete the ordering

successfully.

2. Include the following essential features of an online ordering system, such as the

ability to generate transaction reports, offer different user-level access to individuals

(customers, employees, and admin), and ensure that orders are placed correctly through

visual confirmation.

- The defined objectives must all be fulfilled for the study to be considered completed. To

ensure that the client was satisfied, the researchers made an endeavor to complete every function

of the system. The following provides a thorough explanation of these functionalities:

3. To administer the development tools needed in terms of the following requirements:

website (JavaScript, TypeScript, XAMPP MySQL, ReactJS, NodeJS(NestJS)) and IDE

(Visual Studio)

- The developers employed a variety of development tools, such as Visual Studio for

developing a system, and combination of JavaScript, TypeScript, XAMPP MySQL, ReactJS, and

NodeJS (NestJS). They were used to create the web-based system. The fact that the

aforementioned software and programming languages are open-source is the reason why these

were chosen. The materials are freely accessible and the developer incurs no additional expenses

while using them.

 77

4. To assess the system in terms of the following Software Quality Evaluation Criteria:

The evaluation criteria

- Before the system can be implemented, it has to go through an evaluation process by

twelve Customers, the Client, and five IT Experts. The critics evaluated the proposed system

according to the proceeding criteria.

Recommendations

When it comes to innovating the scope of the study, recommendations are suggestions

that can improve the system. The following recommendations are made:

1. Create a Web-based system that is responsive to mobile devices, tablet, and etc.

2. Create mobile application version of this website.

3. Establishing a password hint recovery. It will remind users of the forgotten password and

it will serve as a reminder to all users.

4. Placing a map marker on the map to locate the customer specific address effectively. It

will surely provide competitive edge.

5. Add new method for payment like credit card