Anti Malaria PPT Sajid

Program: B.Sc.
Nursing ,7st Semester, 4th Year

BNSG 702 CHN
Unit No.-6
Unit Name- national health programme
Topic Name- Anti-malarial programme
Lecture No-2
Ambali Pancholi
Associate Professor ,SONS
1
 Introduction
 Treatment
 History Perspective
 Problem Statement Of World & India
 Milestones of Malaria control Prgm
 NMCP
 Modified Plan For Operation
 Urban Malaria Scheme
 Enhanced Malaria Control Project
 NAMP & Month Campaign
 Bibliography
BSC NSG
■ Malaria is one of the major mosquito borne disease
affecting mankind caused by Plasmodium parasite
transmitted by the bite of infective Female Anopheles
Mosquito.
■ There are four plasmodium species;
Plasmodium Vivex
Plasmodium Falciparum (Deadly)
Plasmodium Malarie
Plasmodium Ovale

Malaria is treated with the prescribed drugs to kill the
parasite.The types of drugs and the length of treatment
will vary,depending on;
. Which type of malaria you have?
. The severity of your symptoms?
. Your Age?
. Whether you are pregnant?
. The most common Antimalarial drugs include;

Chloroquine Phosphate
Artemisinin based combination therapies (ACTs)
{Highly effective but only a minority of people need this}
. Other Common Antimalarial drugs include;
Atovaquaone proguanil (Malarone).
Quinine sulfate (Qualaquin)with Doxycycline
(Oracea,Vibramycin).
Primaquine phosphate.
HISTORY PERSPECTIVE
It was first recognised by Romans and Greek who
associated it with wet area. They assumed that
intermittent fever were due to the “Bad Odour” coming
from the wet areas and thus gave the name Malaria(
MAL=BAD, Aria=Air)
Problem Statement Of World
Recent estimates indicate that all over the world 198million cases
of malaria occurred globally in 2013 and the disease led to 5,84000
deaths.
About 90% of deaths from malaria occur in Africa.
Problem Statement Of India

In 1947,at the time of india’s independence it was estimated that
75Million people suffered from disease every year and 0.8 Million
died every year due to malaria.
Between 1994-1996, there was sudden rise in cases of malaria
problem resulting in epidemics & deaths due to malaria in the state –
Rajasthan, Manipur, Nagaland & Haryana.
In year 2014 1.07 Million positive cases were reported.
Milestones Of Malaria Control
Programme:
 1953: National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP).
 1958: National Malaria Eradication Programme (NMEP).
 1977: Modified Plan Of Operation (MPO).
 1979: Multipurpose Worker Scheme (MPW Scheme).
 1995: Implementation Of Malaria Action Plan (MAP-95).
 1997: Launching of World Bank Assisted Enhanced Malaria
Control Project in Tribal Districts of the State (EMCP).
 2000: National Anti Malarial Programme. (NAMP)
 2004: National Vectro Borne Disease Control Programme
(NVBDCP).
National Malaria Control Programme
(NMCP)1953
Stress At the time of independence malaria was
contributing 75 Million cases with 0.8 Million death
every year prior to the launching of National Malaria
Control Programme in 1953.( Functional from 1953-
1958)
In April 1953,Govt. of India launched NMCP
built around three key activities;
Insecticidal Residual Spray(IRS) with DDT.

Monitoring and surveillance of cases.
Treatment of patients.
Main Objectives;
> Early detection and prompt treatment(EDPT) through
surveilliance activities involving Govt.& Non Govt.
organisations.
Identification of all high risk malaria areas and epidemic
prone villages.
Interruption of malaria transmission by Two rounds of
residual insecticidal spray of DDT 50% in areas with API2
and above.(Annual Parasite Index)
>Malaria control teams were organised & directed by the
state anti malaria organization to monitor the malaria
incidence in the control areas.
> Anti malarial drugs were made available for patients
reporting to an institution.
Modified Plan For Opertaion:(1977)
01.Objectives;
The modified plan of operation under the NMEP into
force from 1st April 1977 with the following objectives;
To prevent death due to malaria.

To reduce malaria morbidity.
To maintain agricultural and industrial production by
undertaking intensive antimalarial measures.
 To consolidate the gains so far achieved.
02.Areas with API more than 2;
A) Spraying ;
All areas with API 2 & above are brought under regular insecticidal
sprays with rounds of DDT unless vector is refractory
B.)Entomological Assessment:
This is done by entomological teams, they carry out
susceptibility tests and suggest appropriate insecticide to
be used in particular areas.
C) Surveilliance:
The collection & examination of blood smears is a key
element of the modified plan of operation.
D) Treatment Of Cases:
Great emphasis on radical treatment.
Urban Malaria Scheme(1971)
Objectives:
To control malaria in urban area by reducing vectors.
Reduce morbidity & mortality rate by early detection &
treatment.
Criteria; in all urban areas with more than 50000
population.
 It is implemented in 131 countries.
At present 131 towns and cities in 19 state and union
territories are under this scheme.
Enhanced Malaria Control Project(1997)
Enhanced malaria control project (EMCP) was launched
in April 1997 with the World Bank.
This is directly benefitting the six crore tribal population
of the 8 states covering 100 districts and 19 urban area.
Selection Of PHCs is;

API is more than 2 for last 3 years.
P.falciparum are more than 30% of the malaria cases.
25% of the population of the PHC is tribal.
 The area has been reporting deaths due to malaria and
also has the flexibility to direct resources to any need
areas in case of out break of malaria.
Objectives:
Effective control of malaria to bring reduction in malaria
morbidity
Prevention of death due to malaria.
Consolidation of the gain achieved so far.
Early case detection and prompt treatment.
Selective vector control.
Health education and community participation.
Personal protective measures.
Institutional and management capacities strengthening.
National Anti Malaria Programme
In 1999 Govt of India decided to drop the National
Malaria Eradication Programme and renamed as
National Anti Malaria Programme.
The present strategies for prevention and control of
malaria are;
Early case detection and prompt treatment.
Integrated vector management –residual spraying in
selected areas ,the bed nets are provided for free of costs
Use of lavivorous fish is being promoted in local water
bodies in selected urban and rural areas.
Epidemic preparedness and epidemic control measures
Anti Malaria Month Campaign
Antimalaria month is observed in every year in the
month of JUNE in every country prior to monsoon and
transmission season.
Enhancing the level of awareness and community

participation through mass media campaign interpersonal
communication with other department and voluntary
agencies.
Bibliography
Gulani K.K Community Health Nursing Edition 3rd,
Kumar Publishers .
Saxena RP Textbook of Community Health Nursing 3rd
Edition ,Lotus Publishers.
https://www.slideshare.net/9426401633/national-
malaria-control-programe
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristyMary2/anti-malaria-
control-programme
https://www.slideshare.net/AlizaDayal/presentation-2-
1pptx-252496675
http://www.nihfw.org/NationalHealthProgramme/NATIO
NALANTI_MALARIAPROGRAMME.html

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Program: B.Sc.

Nursing ,7st Semester, 4th Year

 Problem Statement Of World & India

 Milestones of Malaria control Prgm

 Modified Plan For Operation

 Urban Malaria Scheme

 Enhanced Malaria Control Project

 NAMP & Month Campaign

. The most common Antimalarial drugs include;

Problem Statement Of India

Insecticidal Residual Spray(IRS) with DDT.

To prevent death due to malaria.

Selection Of PHCs is;

Enhancing the level of awareness and community

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