Test Bank For Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging 1st Canadian Edition Touhy

Test Bank for Ebersole and Hess
Gerontological Nursing and Healthy

Aging, 1st Canadian Edition : Touhy
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Test Bank: Chapter 1 TB 1-2
Feedback
A Correct. Holistically, health includes wellness, which involves one’s whole
being.
B Incorrect. Throughout history, basic self-care requirements have been
recognized.
C Incorrect. As basic needs are met, higher level needs can be satisfied in turn,
with ever-deepening richness to life.
D Incorrect. Even with chronic illness, with multiple disabilities, or in dying,
movement toward higher wellness is possible.
DIF: Comprehension REF: 4–5 OBJ: 2

TOP: CRNE: HW (Health & Wellness)
3. Which province or territory is predicted to have the fastest growing older adult population in
Canada between the years 2006 and 2031?
a. Ontario
b. British Columbia
c. Yukon
d. Newfoundland
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older adult population of
Ontario does not rise as rapidly as the older adult population of Yukon between
2006 and 2031.
B Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older adult population of
British Columbia does not rise as rapidly as the older adult population of Yukon
between 2006 and 2031.
C Correct. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older adult population of
Yukon rises faster than any of the other provinces and territories between 2006
and 2031.
D Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older adult population of
Newfoundland does not rise as rapidly as the older adult population of Yukon
between 2006 and 2031.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 3, Fig 1-1 OBJ: 3

4. Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old in Canada today
include which of the following?
a. Influenza epidemic of 1918
b. Immigration from Communist Europe
c. Child-rearing during the Depression
d. World War II
ANS: D
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Feedback
A Incorrect. A person who survived the influenza epidemic would be at least 93
years old in 2011 and therefore be considered old-old, or centenarian.
B Incorrect. Those who are middle-old in 2011 were born between 1920 and 1930,
before Communism swept Europe.
C Incorrect. Most of those who are middle-old in 2011 had not reached
childbearing age by the end of the Depression.
D Correct. Those who are middle-old in 2011 were in their teens and twenties
during the war; in particular, the men were very likely to have fought in it.
DIF: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 3

5. A nurse prepares for the arrival of older adults evacuated from a forest fire in northern Manitoba
to a shelter for short-term care. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
a. Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
b. Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
c. Help older adults to display family photos and memorabilia.
d. Help older adults to teach one another a new skill in the shelter.
ANS: B
Feedback
A Incorrect. Providing safety and security from the fire is evident and implied, as
the older adults have been evacuated from danger. The priority nursing
intervention is caring for any health concerns; e.g., medication or treatments that
were left behind.
B Correct. The nurse prepares for short-term care by prioritizing the needs of the
older adults, and this intervention helps to maintain the therapeutic plan, thereby
addressing the need for physiological integrity. Furthermore, the nurse maintains
continuity of care by preparing a medication schedule to prevent missed doses of
medication.
C Incorrect. In emergency conditions, the nurse provides basic care relating to
safety, security, and physical well-being. Maintaining a sense of belonging is
important, but not in emergency conditions.
D Incorrect. A state of emergency is not the time to develop self-esteem because
meeting safety, security, and physical needs is more important.
DIF: Analysis REF: 5–6 OBJ: 2

6. According to researchers, which characteristic will most centenarians share in the future?
a. Being female
b. Having dementia
c. Being malnourished
d. Being wheelchair-bound
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Researchers expect women to comprise the majority of centenarians in
the future.
B Incorrect. Gerontologists expect dementia to be common among older adults, but
they are not predicting most centenarians will have dementia.
C Incorrect. Malnutrition is common among older adults, but researchers have not
predicted that most centenarians will be malnourished.
D Incorrect. Decreased mobility is common among older adults, but researchers
have not predicted that most centenarians will be confined to a wheelchair.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 2 OBJ: 3

TOP: CRNE: CH (Changes in Health)
7. Which statement describes aging in developing countries?

a. Aged dependence is likely to improve from 1:4 to 1:2.
b. The biggest problem for older adults will be lack of food.
c. Most of the world’s older adults are likely to reside in developing countries.
d. Like fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. Aged dependence is likely to deteriorate from 1:4 to 1:2.
B Incorrect. The biggest problem of the world’s oldest adults is most likely to be
lack of regular income.
C Correct. Developing countries contain 64% of the world’s older adults already.
D Incorrect. Life expectancy is increasing, but fertility is decreasing worldwide.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 3

8. A female older adult tells the nurse that she has experienced increasing fatigue and shortness of
breath over the last two days. Which of the following goals is the nurse’s priority?
a. Promote safety to prevent injury.
b. Complete a nutritional assessment.
c. Balance exercise and rest periods.
d. Explore the woman’s complaints.
ANS: D
Feedback
A Incorrect. Promoting safety and preventing injury are reasonable goals to include
for this older adult, but are not as important as investigating the chief complaint,
because breathing and circulation are two of the three most important physical
needs.
B Incorrect. Completing the nutritional assessment for this older adult is
reasonable because the symptoms can be related to nutritional deficiencies;
however, this should be a part of the examination of the chief complaint.
C Incorrect. Balancing rest and exercise is a reasonable approach to a complaint of
fatigue and shortness of breath if the older adult is deconditioned; however, the
nurse must investigate the chief complaint to determine if deconditioning is a
factor.
D Correct. Investigating the complaint is the nurse’s priority because fatigue and
shortness of breath can indicate cardiac disease, especially in women. Women
with cardiac disease often manifest atypical symptoms, and since it tends to be
treated less aggressively in women, the nurse must be careful not to miss
indicators of potential cardiac disease. In addition, in investigating the older
adult’s chief complaint, the nurse investigates all possible causes.
DIF: Analysis REF: 8 OBJ: 2

TOP: CRNE: NCP (Nurse–Client Partnership)
9. The nurse develops a community program to promote exercise for older persons. Which of the
following should the nurse include in the exercise program?
a. Reinforce the ease of exercising every day.
b. Use exercise to relax any dietary restrictions.
c. Describe ways to resume exercise after lapses.
d. Teach participants that exercise achieves wellness.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. The nurse tells the participants that achieving wellness takes work and
regular effort. Instead of offering false hope, the nurse shares practical advice
about how to incorporate exercise into everyday life.
B Incorrect. The nurse avoids suggesting that older adults can look forward to
relaxing dietary or medical restrictions by using a single method because it is
unethical to offer false hope, the plan can be ineffective, and the plan can have
adverse effects.
C Correct. Because the path to wellness includes progression as well as regression,
the nurse shares information to help participants anticipate these events. The
nurse encourages participants by telling them to expect periods of regression,
that progress made up to that point is not lost, and how to approach resumption
in progress toward wellness with exercise.
D Incorrect. The nurse avoids instructing older adults to rely on one method of
achieving wellness because wellness is achieved by balancing emotional,
spiritual, social, cultural, and physical processes.
DIF: Application REF: 8 OBJ: 2


10. Determinants of health are the underlying causes of illness and wellness. Which of the following
describes the older adult who is likely to experience the best overall health and well-being?
a. Resides in assisted-living facility, watches television alone, uses herbal remedies,
is underweight
b. Resides alone, was moved to a new city recently by the family for their
convenience, has osteoarthritis
c. Has prostate cancer with metastasis to the lungs, is receiving radiation therapy, is
wealthy, has a large family
d. Uses a wheelchair, has peripheral arterial disease, attends weekly baseball games
with three friends
ANS: D
Feedback
A Incorrect. This older adult is not thriving in an assisted-living facility, despite
having other people in the facility, as evidenced by television viewing habits and
weight, both potential indicators of depression. Various aspects of this person’s
life are unbalanced, thus inhibiting progress on the path to optimal health and
wellness. In addition, the use of herbal remedies can be aggravating or
precipitating the problems.
B Incorrect. After a move to a new region, an older adult, especially one who lives
alone and is moved to a new area for the family’s convenience, is likely to
experience loneliness and isolation until a new social network is established.
Thus, although this person has a less-acute health problem, the social isolation is
likely to create significant disruption on the path to health and wellness.
C Incorrect. Although this older adult’s financial resources are plentiful, the
existence of a large family does not ensure any type of psychosocial support.
Most likely, this person faces a grim prognosis because the prostate cancer has
crossed the diaphragm, thus reducing the likelihood of a prolonged life.
D Correct. Despite a serious chronic illness and mobility restrictions, this person
has a social network and planned activities with friends. Further, this older adult
overcomes mobility issues to pursue personal interests; thus, this person is most
likely to experience the best health and well-being because of an optimal
functional status.

11. Which of the following nursing interventions represent a holistic approach to caring for an older
adult?
a. Performs glucose testing during the weekly worship service
b. Wheels ambulatory adults to exercise when running late
c. Assigns female nurses to older female adults who are Muslim
d. Allows older adults in a nursing home to eat meals alone
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. Interrupting an older adult’s worship with glucose testing can be
interpreted as a lack of respect for spiritual needs. The nurse can provide for and
respect the physical and spiritual aspects of the older adult’s life by testing for
glucose before the service begins.
B Incorrect. In transporting the older adults to the exercise program in a wheelchair
to save time, the nurse disregards the need for self-esteem and exercise,
important aspects of physical well-being. Ambulatory older adults can walk,
with assistance if needed, to exercise programs and benefit from the additional
activity and independence.
C Correct. The nurse uses a holistic approach to the care of an older female adult
who is Muslim because the woman and her family are more likely to be willing
participants in a therapeutic regimen that respects a tenet of their culture.
D Incorrect. The nurse can be tempted to allow an older adult to eat meals alone in
his or her room if this will motivate the person to eat or if the older adult has
dysphagia and is embarrassed. However, while focusing on physical needs, the
nurse ignores psychosocial and other aspects of health and well-being.
DIF: Comprehension REF: 4–5 OBJ: 2

12. An older adult male who resides in a nursing home has very high cholesterol levels. Which
nursing intervention is most likely to assist this man in achieving his highest level of wellness?
a. Instruct him about increasing dietary fibre.
b. Ask the health care provider for a low-fat diet.
c. Schedule a consultation for him with the dietitian.
d. Review a menu with him to choose suitable foods.
ANS: D
Feedback
A Incorrect. Informing the older adult about dietary fibre offers no control to the
older adult because he is not part of the decision. Nursing interventions
developed with the older adult’s collaboration are most likely to help him
achieve health and wellness.
B Incorrect. Collaborating with the health care provider for a low-fat diet is a
reasonable approach to help this man with dyslipidemia achieve health and
wellness. However, the older adult is more likely to have motivation and
enthusiasm for a therapeutic regimen over which he has some control.
C Incorrect. This is a reasonable approach for an older adult with dyslipidemia and
is a part of a multifaceted approach to optimizing his health. However, he is
more likely to engage in a regimen over which he has input.
D Correct. The nurse collaborates with the older adult to choose suitable foods.
This is likely to be an effective nursing intervention to help an older adult with
dyslipidemia achieve optimal health and well-being because it gives him some
control over the regimen and thus engages him in the process of lowering serum

cholesterol.

13. An older adult male living in an adult community becomes a widower one month after
retirement. Two months later, he has not resumed a weekly outing with his fishing club. Which
of the following should the nurse implement?
a. Ask the older adult why he is not fishing.
b. Have club members visit him at home.
c. Meet with him to assess his interests.
d. Enroll him in a weekly card game.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. The nurse avoids confronting the older adult, even in a gentle manner.
“Why” questions can be interpreted as confrontational, and the man may be
unable or unwilling to articulate a reason.
B Incorrect. The nurse avoids asking club members to visit him because it removes
the older adult from the decision making. Although this effort can be well-
meaning, it can be misinterpreted as an invasion of privacy.
C Correct. The nurse meets with the older adult to determine how and when to
establish new relationships and social activities in light of his wife’s death. Even
though the man engaged in fishing beforehand, the nurse respects the older
adult’s wishes and needs as he transitions to a different life.
D Incorrect. The older adult is much more likely to participate in an activity in
which he has input. In addition, the nurse’s action can be misinterpreted as
disrespectful because an adult has the right to control his own life.

14. The nurse plans activities for female older adults born between 1920 and 1930 who reside in an
assisted-living facility. Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement?
a. Have them bake cookies twice a week.
b. Conduct interviews for specific interests.
c. Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers.
d. Take them to the library for guest speakers.
ANS: B
Feedback
A Incorrect. The nurse incorrectly presumes to know what activities they will enjoy
because most of these women are in their 80s, and women born between 1920
and 1930 generally spent their lives as homemakers.
B Correct. The nurse conducts individual interviews with the older adults to
determine their interests and avoids generalizing, because as people live longer,
they become more and more unique.
C Incorrect. The nurse should avoid arranging group activities until individual
interests are determined. In addition, the nurse must assess for allergies and
individual fears of animals before exposing an older adult to a pet visit.
D Incorrect. Unless it is done on a voluntary basis, the nurse should avoid
arranging visits by guest speakers. In addition, the nurse assesses each older
adult before outside visits, to avoid embarrassing events related to incontinence
and hearing and vision problems.

15. The nurse plans care for an older male adult who lives on Old Age Security pension and a small
pension after retirement, and has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which aspect of this man’s life should
the nurse integrate into a positive approach to his health and well-being?
a. He practises effective glucose control.
b. He lives alone in a high-rise apartment.
c. He lacks low-cost, reliable transportation.
d. He attends weekly lunches at his local diner.
ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Practising effective glucose control demonstrates this man’s resilience
and capacity to effectively manage the challenges associated with a chronic
illness, and thus is a strength the nurse uses in a positive approach toward his
health and well-being.
B Incorrect. Living alone is not ideal for an older adult, especially one with
diabetes, because of the potential for loneliness and complications from diabetes
such as hypoglycemia. This is a negative aspect of this man’s life and one which
has to be resolved for his safety and well-being.
C Incorrect. The nurse cannot include this man’s transportation issues into a
positive plan because it is a problem to overcome, not a strength on which to
capitalize.
D Incorrect. Going out to lunch is a positive approach to maintaining good mental
health, although eating at a local diner may not be the best approach for
controlling his diabetes mellitus.

16. Mrs. McCloud, 70 years old, lives in Attawapiskat and speaks mostly Cree. She is transferred to
a hospital in a larger city in Ontario for hemodialysis. While Mrs. M. is in hospital, what should
the nurse take into account when developing nursing interventions based on health promotion?
a. Instruct the older adult to monitor her fluid intake on an hourly basis.

b. Demonstrate, through pictures, how to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.

c. Ask the older adult about her home and how she accesses health care.
d. Ask the older adult why she did not seek help sooner, to prevent the need for
hemodialysis.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Incorrect. The nurse avoids instructing older adults to monitor their own health,
because patients are more likely to engage if they are asked if they are able or
want to do so.
B Incorrect. Even though pictures might be a creative way to engage someone who
speaks another language, in isolated communities it is often challenging and
expensive to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
C Correct. When the nurse asks the older adult about her home, the nurse creates a
personal connection with the older adult. Finding out about accessibility to
health care is important, because services for older persons are limited in rural
and remote regions.
D Incorrect. Asking clients “why” questions can be construed as measuring,
evaluating, or confronting, and the older adult may not be able to articulate a
reason.

17. Mr. Levesque, 65 years old, has been living in homeless shelters for the last three years after
having lost his job as a maintenance attendant at a local store. He suffers from alcoholism and
appears malnourished upon arrival at the hospital, after falling on the sidewalk and injuring his
left shoulder. When implementing a primary health care approach, what is the main principle the
nurse should consider with this older adult?
a. Health promotion
b. Accessibility
c. Primary care
d. Public participation
ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control
over and improve their health. Health promotion addresses the determinants of
health. It includes health education, public education, nutrition, sanitation, and
prevention and control of diseases.
B Incorrect. Accessibility looks solely at access to health care services and how
they can be made more accessible; arriving at hospital indicates that accessibility
is not necessarily an issue for Mr. Levesque.
C Incorrect. Primary care is not a principle of primary health care. Primary care is
the first contact people have with the health care system. Principles of primary
health care include accessibility, public participation, health promotion,

appropriate technology, and intersectoral collaboration.
D Incorrect. Public participation implies that older persons are active partners in
making decisions about their health care and the health of their communities. It
is difficult to determine if this patient is able to make decisions at this time about
becoming an active participant in the health needs of the community.


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Test Bank for Ebersole and Hess

Gerontological Nursing and Healthy

DIF: Comprehension REF: 4–5 OBJ: 2

DIF: Knowledge REF: 3, Fig 1-1 OBJ: 3

DIF: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 3

DIF: Analysis REF: 5–6 OBJ: 2

Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

DIF: Knowledge REF: 2 OBJ: 3

7. Which statement describes aging in developing countries?

DIF: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 3

DIF: Analysis REF: 8 OBJ: 2

DIF: Application REF: 8 OBJ: 2

Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

DIF: Analysis REF: 5 OBJ: 2

DIF: Comprehension REF: 4–5 OBJ: 2

Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

DIF: Analysis REF: 8 OBJ: 2

DIF: Application REF: 8 OBJ: 2

DIF: Analysis REF: 8 OBJ: 2

DIF: Analysis REF: 8 OBJ: 2

Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

b. Demonstrate, through pictures, how to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.

DIF: Analysis REF: 9 OBJ: 4

health care include accessibility, public participation, health promotion,

DIF: Application REF: 7 OBJ: 4

Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.

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