Index Number:___________ SEC06/1.

14m

MATRICULATION AND SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS BOARD

UNIVERSITY OF MALTA, MSIDA

SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE LEVEL

MAY 2014 SESSION

SUBJECT: Chemistry
PAPER NUMBER: I
DATE: 14th May 2014
TIME: 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.

Useful data
Relative atomic masses: H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Mg = 24; Mn = 55
Standard temperature and pressure (STP): 0oC and 1 atm
The molar volume for gases at STP = 22.4 dm3

Directions to Candidates

 Write your index number in the space at the top left-hand corner of this page.

 Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

 The mark allocation is indicated at the end of each question. Marks allocated to parts of
questions are also indicated.

 In calculations you are advised to show all the steps in your working, giving your
answer at each stage.

 The use of electronic calculators is permitted.

 A Periodic Table is printed on the back of this booklet.

For examiners’ use only:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total
Score

Maximum 6 8 4 6 6 5 6 6 6 7 20 20 100

© The MATSEC Examinations Board reserves all rights on the examination questions in all examination papers set by the said Board.
SEC06/1.14m
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Section A: Answer ALL questions in this Section. Write your answers in the spaces
provided.

1. Sodium carbonate crystals decompose according to the equation:

Na2CO3.10H2O ⇌ Na2CO3.H2O + 9H2O

(a) What does the ‘⇌’ sign mean?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(b) Circle the term in the following list that can be used to describe the reaction in part (a).

deliquescence drying explosion efflorescence redox

(1 mark)

(c) Give a balanced chemical equation showing the effect of gentle heating on
FeSO4.7H2O crystals. Include state symbols.

___________________________________________________________________________
(3 marks)

(d) One finds small containers containing silica gel for sale in supermarkets. These can
be placed in cupboards and wardrobes to decrease the humidity present. What can be
done so that the silica gel inside the bag is not wasted but can be reused?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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2. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph below by choosing from the following terms. Each
term can be used once or more than once; a number of terms will not be used at all.

carbohydrates, sooty, volume, alkyne, clear, addition, high, hydrocarbons,

saturation, periodic, mass, alkene, unsaturation, homologous, substitution, low

Organic compounds are grouped into a number of ____________________ series. Some

examples are: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols and carboxylic acids. Alkanes, alkenes

and alkynes are also called ____________________. The compound with formula C4H8

is an ____________________. When burnt it gives a ____________________ flame.

This is an indication of ____________________, that is the compound contains a

____________________ percentage by ____________________ of carbon. The typical

reactions of compounds in the alkane series are ____________________ reactions.

[Total: 8 marks]

3. Hydrogen sulfide is a gas that can be found in swamps, sewers and in volcanic gases. It is 8
very poisonous, heavier than air and corrosive. It can be prepared in the laboratory by
adding a dilute acid to a sulfide of a metal.

(a) Give a balanced equation for the reaction of sodium sulfide, Na2S, with an acid.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) By considering the properties of hydrogen sulfide, state:

(i) a way to collect a sample of the gas if the preparation is carried out in the lab;

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(ii) one necessary safety precaution when carrying out the preparation in the lab.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 4 marks]

4
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4. When sodium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid two salts, Na 2SO4 and NaHSO4 can be
formed.
(a) Give a balanced equation to show how Na2SO4 is formed by the reaction between
sodium hydroxide and dilute sulfuric acid.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) (i) Give the name for NaHSO4.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(ii) What name is used to describe salts such as NaHSO 4.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(c) Give the name and formula of another acid that, behaving in a similar way as
sulfuric acid, can also form two types of salts.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

5. (a) Students often use hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), in their experiments in the laboratory.
During a practical session the students were asked to carry out a set of experiments
6
in which they added dilute hydrochloric acid to different substances. They
summarised their results in a Table. Complete the missing data in the Table.
Formula of
Reactants Name of other products
chloride formed
Dilute HCl (aq) Zinc ZnCl2 Hydrogen
Dilute HCl (aq) Sodium carbonate Water
Dilute HCl (aq) Calcium oxide
(4 marks)

(b) Chlorine gas is a poisonous gas but it has several important uses. State two possible
uses for chlorine.

Use 1: ______________________________________________________________

Use 2: ______________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

6
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6. (a) Give the electronic configurations of the following atoms or ions:

(i) Mg = ___________________________________________________________

(ii) Li+ = ____________________________________________________________

(iii) O2– = ___________________________________________________________

(3 marks)

(b) Give the electronic configuration of the element below Mg in the Periodic Table.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(c) Give the name or symbol of the lightest element that exists as single atoms at room
temperature and pressure, i.e. under normal conditions.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 5 marks]

7. In organic chemistry isomerism is very common. 5

(a) Draw three possible structures having the formula C 5H12.

(3 marks)

(b) There are only two possible structures with the formula C 2H6O.
(i) Draw the two structures.

(ii) Give the chemical name of one of the compounds in part (b)(i).

___________________________________________________________________________
(3 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

6
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8. A chemist needs to identify any gases evolved in a reaction.

(a) Suggest a test (that does not involve litmus paper or universal indicator paper)
that the chemist can carry out to identify the following gases. Chemical equations are
NOT required.
Gas Test
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen
Hydrogen chloride
(4 marks)

(b) Give an equation, including state symbols, to show why ammonia is an alkaline gas.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

9. Ammonia is a very important chemical, not just for use in a laboratory but also in
industry and in everyday life.
6
(a) Our body produces ammonia, which the liver then changes into urea. Urea has the
formula NH2CONH2. Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in urea.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(3 marks)

(b) Give a balanced equation to show how ammonia and sulfuric acid react to form a
fertiliser.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(c) Mention one other use for ammonia besides its use to make fertilisers.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

6
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10. Magnesium oxide is insoluble in water but it can react with dilute nitric acid.
(a) Give a balanced equation for the reaction between magnesium oxide and dilute nitric
acid.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) A group of students decide to test this reaction out in the laboratory. It is decided to
start with a mass of 2.0 g of magnesium oxide in a conical flask. What volume of
nitric acid, of concentration 2.5 mol dm–3, will be required to react with all the
magnesium oxide in the conical flask?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(4 marks)

(c) If for the reaction in part (b), instead of using nitric acid, sulfuric acid of the same
concentration were to be used, what volume of sulfuric acid would be required for
the reaction?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 7 marks]

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Section B: Answer BOTH questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

11. Any substance that gives out heat energy when it burns in air or oxygen can be used as a
fuel. However some substances give out more heat energy than others on combustion.
(a) Two groups of students need to determine whether it is better to use charcoal or lamp
spirit to boil some water for cooking spaghetti.
• Group A weighed some charcoal on a filter paper but group B told them that that
would give them errors in the experiment.
• Group B wanted to weigh the lamp spirit that they were going to use in a test
tube, but Group A told them that that would not work.
(i) Suggest two disadvantages of weighing the charcoal on a filter paper.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest two reasons why Group B should not have weighed the lamp spirit in a
test tube.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) (i) Draw a labelled diagram to show the set up of the apparatus used to determine
the heat of combustion of lamp spirit.

(4 marks)
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(ii) Describe briefly how the experiment is carried out.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(4 marks)

(iii) State two sources of error in this experiment.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

Please turn the page.

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(c) Once their experiment was over, the two groups collected some data from the
internet to help them in their calculations with some other fuels. The two groups are
provided with 20.0 g of each fuel shown in the Table.
Organic compound Heat of combustion in kJ mol-1
methanol, CH3OH -726
propan-1-ol, C3H7OH -2021
If the 20.0 g samples of the fuels provided are burnt in excess air and the fuels react
completely, calculate which fuel gives out more heat.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(6 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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12. (a) Chlorine is produced when manganese(IV) oxide oxidises concentrated hydrochloric
acid. Draw a well-labelled diagram to show how the apparatus can be set up so that
chlorine gas is prepared and collected. Your answer must include the names of all
the parts of apparatus used and must also show clearly how a sample of the gas can
be collected.

(5 marks)

(b) Sometimes it is important that a sample of gas collected does not have any water in
it.
(i) Give the name and formula of a substance that can be used to dry the gas before
collection.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

This question continues on the next page.

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(ii) Show, using a diagram, how the apparatus in part (a) needs to be altered so that
the gas is collected dry.

(1 mark)

(c) (i) Besides the method of collection of gas that you used in part (a), mention two
other ways by which chlorine can be collected.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(ii) For each of the two methods in part (c)(i) mention one disadvantage.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(d) The equation for the reaction is:

MnO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) → MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g)
In the reaction excess hydrochloric acid is added to 78.3 g of solid manganese(IV)
oxide so that all the solid reacts. Calculate:
(i) the number of moles of managanese(IV) oxide used in the reaction;

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

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(ii) the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used;

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(iii) the number of moles of chlorine gas produced; and

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(iv) the volume of chlorine collected, measured at standard temperature and

pressure.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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Index Number:___________ SEC06/2A.14m

MATRICULATION AND SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS BOARD

UNIVERSITY OF MALTA, MSIDA

SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE LEVEL

MAY 2014 SESSION

SUBJECT: Chemistry
PAPER NUMBER: IIA
DATE: 16th May 2014
TIME: 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.

Useful data

Relative atomic masses: O = 16; S = 32; Ca = 40; Cu = 63.5

Standard temperature and pressure (STP): 0oC and 1atm
The molar volume for gases at STP = 22.4 dm3

Directions to Candidates

 Write your index number in the space at the top left-hand corner of this page.

 Answer ALL questions in Section A and any TWO questions from Section B. Write your
answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

 The mark allocation is indicated at the end of each question. Marks allocated to parts of
questions are also indicated.

 In calculations you are advised to show all the steps in your working, giving your answer
at each stage.

 The use of electronic calculators is permitted.

 A Periodic Table is printed on the back of this booklet.

For examiners’ use only:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total
Score

Maximum 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 4 6 20 20 20 20 100

© The MATSEC Examinations Board reserves all rights on the examination questions in all examination papers set by the said Board.
SEC06/2A.14m
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Section A: Answer ALL questions in this Section. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. (a) A fine white powder labelled A is placed in a small sample of transparent, colourless
liquid B. When the test tube containing the mixture is shaken, the liquid becomes a
cloudy mixture, X. Eventually, after being left standing for a few minutes, A forms
a layer at the bottom and liquid B becomes transparent once again.
(i) Write one word to describe the cloudy mixture X.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) What can be concluded about the solubility of solid A in liquid B?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Suggest one suitable example for solid A and one for liquid B, that when
mixed together would produce a mixture like X.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) The same powder A behaves differently in liquid C. On adding powder A to a small
sample of transparent, colourless liquid C, effervescence is observed and powder A
‘disappears’ to form a transparent mixture Y.
(i) Write one word to describe the mixture Y.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) When the liquid from mixture Y is evaporated, powder A is not obtained again.
Explain.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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2. (a) A student found a colourless liquid in a

bottle labelled ‘rubbing alcohol’. He
collected a sample of this liquid using a teat teat pipette
pipette and placed a few drops onto some
anhydrous copper(II) sulfate, as shown in
the diagram. rubbing alcohol

The student made the following

observation: The white powder of the anhydrous
copper(II) sulfate turned blue on contact copper(II) sulfate
with the liquid.

(i) What can be concluded about the liquid labelled ‘rubbing alcohol’, from the
student’s observation?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation showing the reaction of anhydrous
copper(II) sulfate with the liquid.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) The student repeated the same test for another colourless liquid and got the same
result: white anhydrous copper(II) sulfate turned blue when it came into contact with
this liquid. In addition, the liquid boiled exactly at 100oC and froze exactly at 0oC.
What can be concluded about this liquid from these observations? Explain.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(c) What colour change would be observed if the same liquid mentioned in part (b) were
added to some anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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3. (a) A scientist wants to separate a mixture of ammonium chloride and potassium

chloride. She tried out two different separation techniques: Technique (1) – solution,
filtration and evaporation; and Technique (2) – sublimation.
(i) Explain why Technique (1) is not suitable for separating this mixture.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain why Technique (2) is suitable for separating this mixture.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(b) Whilst carrying out Technique (2) (that is, sublimation), the mixture was heated in
an evaporating dish covered with an inverted filter funnel.
(i) Describe the changes you would expect to observe.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(ii) Write a balanced equation (including state symbols) for the change that takes
place when a mixture of ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is heated.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

4. (a) Magnesium and calcium are two elements found in Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
(i) Write the name given to the Group 2 elements of the Periodic Table.
6
___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Name or write the symbol of the least reactive element in Group 2.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(b) (i) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of calcium with water at room
temperature.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(ii) Give one visible change that is observed when the reaction in part (b)(i) takes place.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) State whether the pH of the resulting solution from the reaction in part (b)(i)
will be equal, higher or lower than 7.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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5. In an experiment, 2 cm3 of potassium chloride, potassium bromide and potassium iodide

solutions were added separately to each of two test tubes. A few drops of silver nitrate
solution were then added to each of the test tubes as shown in the diagram below.
The test tubes marked A were placed in a darkened cupboard while the test tubes marked
B were exposed to sunlight.

A B A B A B

Potassium chloride Potassium bromide Potassium iodide

+ + +
Silver nitrate Silver nitrate Silver nitrate

(a) A precipitate was formed in each of the test tubes. State the colour of the precipitate
in each of the three tubes marked A.
Potassium chloride + silver nitrate: _______________________________________
Potassium bromide + silver nitrate: _______________________________________
Potassium iodide + silver nitrate: _________________________________________
(3 marks)
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation showing the reaction of potassium chloride
solution with silver nitrate solution.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(c) State what happens to the precipitates in the test tubes marked B.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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6. (a) A boiling tube contains 5 cm3 of potassium chromate solution, which is yellow in
colour. The chromate ions in the solution exist in equilibrium with the dichromate
ions as shown below.

2CrO42-(aq) + 2H+(aq) ⇌ Cr2O72-(aq) + H2O(l)

(i) What colour change would be observed if 2 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
solution were added to the solution in the boiling tube?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain, in terms of chemical equilibria, why such a change is occurring.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) Three other solutions are available in the lab. These are:
(A) 1 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid solution;
(B) 2 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution; and
(C) 1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution.
(i) From the three solutions, choose one which when added to the contents of
the boiling tube in part (a)(i) would turn the colour of the solution to the
original yellow colour.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain your answer for part (b)(i).

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Suggest a suitable quantity of solution to be added to produce the colour
change.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

6
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7. (a) Draw the structures of the products formed when the following pairs of substances
react together, assuming that the second substance in each case is in excess and that
where necessary, a suitable catalyst and reaction conditions are present.
(i) Ethene + chlorine

(ii) Propene + hydrogen

(iii) Ethene + hydrogen chloride

(3 marks)
(b) Give the term that describes this type of reaction.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(c) Describe a simple chemical test to distinguish between the substances octane and
octene.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

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8. Calcium sulfite reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid upon heating according to the equation:
CaSO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + SO2(g) + H2O(l)
Using the apparatus shown below, a sample of 0.6 g of calcium sulfite powder is reacted
with excess dilute hydrochloric acid. The sulfur dioxide gas produced is collected in the
gas syringe attached, pushing the plunger outwards.

(a) Calculate the number of moles of calcium sulfite that reacted.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) Find the number of moles of sulfur dioxide gas produced.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(c) The syringe containing the collected gas is allowed to cool to standard temperature
and is kept at standard pressure. Calculate the volume of sulfur dioxide collected, in
cm3, at STP.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(d) Assuming that the apparatus is leak proof, suggest a reason why the actual volume
of gas collected in the syringe is less than the value calculated in part (c).

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

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(e) The sample of gas collected in the syringe is analysed and is found to contain also
other gases as impurities, apart from sulfur dioxide. Explain from where these
contaminating gases came from.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(f) Assuming that under a set of conditions, 1 mole of sulfur dioxide gas occupies a
volume of 25 dm3, what would be the volume of 1 mole of sulfur trioxide gas under
the same conditions?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 8 marks]

9. A volume of 500 cm3 of a gas at 1 atmosphere and 0oC is changed to 300 cm3 at 8
2 atmospheres. Find the new temperature in degrees Celsius.
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(4 marks)
[Total: 4 marks]

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10. The following is a description of two synthetic plastic materials:

 Material A is white, rigid and glossy.
 Material B is white, waxy and very slippery.

(a) Deduce which of the two materials above is PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and which is
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethane).

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) Draw the structures of PVC and PTFE showing a chain of two monomer units each.

(2 marks)

(c) Name one use for material A and one use for material B.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

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Section B: Answer TWO questions from this Section. Write your answers in the lined pages
provided.

11. A chemistry student wanted to construct a simple cell using a lemon. She used the set-up
shown in the diagram below.

The student gently rolled and squeezed the lemon on the flat laboratory bench, taking
care not to break the skin. Then she made two small slits in the skin with a knife and
inserted the copper rod in one, and the magnesium ribbon in the other. The copper rod
was of a very shiny, reddish-brown colour, whilst the magnesium ribbon had a dull grey
colour. As soon as she connected the circuit the voltage read 0.20 V but as time went by,
the voltage gradually increased until it reached a maximum of 2.69 V.

(a) (i) What type of solution does the lemon contain, that enables it to produce a
voltage when the two metal rods are dipped in it? (1 mark)
(ii) Explain why the student rolled and squeezed the lemon before starting the
experiment. (2 marks)
(iii) Explain why the voltage started off very low and gradually increased to its
highest value. (3 marks)

(b) (i) Explain which metal will act as the cathode and which one will act as the anode
and state the direction of the flow of electrons. (5 marks)
(ii) Write two ionic half-equations that include state symbols, to illustrate the
processes occurring at the cathode and at the anode of the cell. (4 marks)

(c) The student repeated the experiment twice, but with the changes shown below:
(I) she used two copper rods; and
(II) she used a copper rod and an iron rod.
For each experiment trial, deduce how the change would affect the voltage output of
the cell. Explain your answer. (5 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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12. The pictures below show two items of garden furniture.

iron garden bench copper flower pot

Iron and copper are both transition metals.

(a) (i) List three properties that are common to transition metals. (3 marks)
(ii) List two properties of iron and two properties of copper and explain how each
property mentioned makes the metal suitable for a particular use related to the
objects shown in the pictures above. (4 marks)
(iii) Explain which of the two metals is most suited for outdoor use. (1 mark)

(b) Iron reacts, under certain conditions, with both chlorine and hydrogen chloride.
(i) Write two balanced chemical equations to represent these two reactions.
(4 marks)
(ii) Name an important common condition that is necessary for both reactions to
occur. (1 mark)
(iii) Explain why two different compounds of iron are produced from these two
reactions. (2 marks)

(c) Copper can form compounds in which it exhibits different valencies. Samples of two
copper compounds were analysed and found to contain:

Compound A Compound B
5.29 g of copper 7.07 g of copper
1.33 g of oxygen 0.89 g of oxygen

Find the empirical formulae (showing the working) of the two copper compounds.
Identify the compounds by writing their full chemical name. (5 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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13. Strong mineral acids are known for their corrosive properties, as
shown by the hazard symbols printed on the bottle labels by
chemical manufacturers. Such acids are also described as
corrosive to metals.

The corrosive effect of dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric

acid, and dilute ethanoic acid was investigated on the following
metals: iron, magnesium, copper, aluminium.

(a) Outline the steps for carrying out such an investigation. The answer should include:
(i) the method; and
(ii) the precautions taken to ensure fair testing; and then
(iii) list the four metals in order of reactivity, starting with the most reactive with
acids. (8 marks)

(b) (i) Compare the reactions of magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute
ethanoic acid, with both acids having the same molar concentration. Explain
your answer. (6 marks)
(ii) Write the two balanced equations showing the reaction of magnesium with
dilute hydrochloric acid and with dilute ethanoic acid respectively. (4 marks)

(c) Calcium is a very reactive metal. However, when a granule of calcium is added to
dilute sulfuric acid, it is observed that the reaction stops after a short time. Explain
why this happens. (2 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

Question 14 is on the next page.

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14. The scheme below shows a series of chemical reactions.

(a) Identify B, C, D, E, X and Y: write the chemical name or formula of each. (6 marks)
(b) Write balanced chemical equations for:
(i) The reaction of solid E with water to produce calcium hydroxide.
(ii) The reaction of calcium hydroxide with dilute nitric acid to produce solution D.
(iii) The reaction of solution D with sodium sulfate solution to produce solid C.
(6 marks)

(c) Most of the water in solution D can be evaporated and a hydrated solid, D, can be
obtained by crystallisation.
(i) What is the colour of solid D? (1 mark)
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation (including state symbols) representing the
thermal decomposition of solid D to produce solid E, and state one observation
for this reaction. (4 marks)

(d) Calcium hydroxide solution can be converted directly into solid C by reacting it with
a solution of salt Z.
Give the chemical name of salt Z, and suggest two reasons why it is a suitable
reactant to produce solid C from its reaction with aqueous calcium hydroxide.
(3 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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Index Number:___________ SEC06/2B.14m

MATRICULATION AND SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS BOARD

UNIVERSITY OF MALTA, MSIDA

SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE LEVEL

MAY 2014 SESSION

SUBJECT: Chemistry
PAPER NUMBER: IIB
DATE: 16th May 2014
TIME: 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.

Useful data

Relative atomic masses: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Na = 23

0oC = 273 K
Standard temperature and pressure (STP): 0oC and 1 atm
The molar volume for gases at STP = 22.4 dm3 = 22,400 cm3
Faraday constant: 96,500 C
Q = It

Directions to Candidates

 Write your index number in the space at the top left-hand corner of this page.

 Answer ALL questions in Section A and any TWO questions from Section B. Write your
answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

 The mark allocation is indicated at the end of each question. Marks allocated to parts of
questions are also indicated.

 In calculations you are advised to show all the steps in your working, giving your answer
at each stage.

 The use of electronic calculators is permitted.

 A Periodic Table is printed on the back of this booklet.

For examiners’ use only:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total
Score

Maximum 6 5 6 6 4 6 8 6 6 7 20 20 20 20 100

© The MATSEC Examinations Board reserves all rights on the examination questions in all examination papers set by the said Board.
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Section A: Answer all questions in this section: Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. (a) (i) Give a name for the mixture which forms when a solid A ‘disappears’ in a
liquid X.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) A solid B does not ‘disappear’ when mixed with liquid X, even after mixing
well. Give a name for the mixture that forms.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Suggest suitable examples for solid A and liquid X in the mixture in part (a)(i).

Solid A: _________________________________________________________

Liquid X: ________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(b) In the mixture in part (a)(i), the solid A is acting as the _______________________

while liquid X is acting as the _______________________ . (2 marks)

[Total: 6 marks]

2. A colourless liquid that boils at 100oC and freezes at 0oC was added to solid anhydrous 6
copper(II) sulfate in the experiment shown in the diagram below.

teat pipette

colourless liquid

anhydrous
copper(II) sulfate

(a) (i) What colour change is expected in this experiment?

From: ___________________________________________________________

To: _____________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

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(ii) Give the equation for the reaction that takes place in the experiment shown in
the diagram above.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) Another colourless liquid gave the same result with copper(II) sulfate as in the
experiment shown above, however it did not boil at 100oC or freeze at 0oC. Give a
suitable explanation for this.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 5 marks]

3. (a) Write a balanced equation for the change that takes place when a mixture of 5
ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is heated.

___________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(b) The mixture in part (a) was heated in an evaporating dish covered with an inverted
filter funnel. What change would one expect to see happening during this
experiment?

To the ammonium chloride: _____________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

To the potassium chloride: ______________________________________________

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(2 marks)
(c) Give the name of the process that takes place during the change in part (b).

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(d) Name one other substance that can undergo a similar change.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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4. Magnesium and calcium are two elements found in Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
(a) Complete the following equation:

___ Mg + O2 → _________
(2 marks)
(b) Calcium reacts with water to form hydrogen and the hydroxide. Give two
observations for this reaction.

__________________________________________________________________________

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(2 marks)
(c) (i) Give a simple test to show whether the resulting solution is acidic or alkaline.

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(1 mark)
(ii) State whether the resulting solution of the reaction in part (b) has a pH equal to,
higher or lower than 7.

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(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

5. Three sets of test tubes were set as shown in the diagram below. A few drops of silver 6
nitrate solution were added to each of the test tubes.
The test tubes marked A were placed in a darkened cupboard while the test tubes marked
B were exposed to sunlight.

A B A B A B

Potassium chloride Potassium bromide Potassium iodide

+ + +
Silver nitrate Silver nitrate Silver nitrate

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(a) A precipitate is formed in each of the test tubes. State the colour of the precipitate in
each of the tubes marked A.

Potassium chloride + silver nitrate: _______________________________________

Potassium bromide + silver nitrate: _______________________________________

Potassium iodide + silver nitrate: _________________________________________

(3 marks)
(b) What is observed when the precipitates in the test tubes marked B are exposed to
sunlight?

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(1 mark)
[Total: 4 marks]

6. (a) A boiling tube contains 1 cm3 of potassium chromate solution. What is the colour of 4
the solution?

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(1 mark)
(b) A volume of 2 cm3 of dilute sulfuric acid is added to the solution in the boiling tube
in part (a). The following reaction takes place:

2CrO42-(aq) + 2H+(aq) ⇌ Cr2O72-(aq) + H2O(l)

What change would be noticed in the boiling tube?

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(2 marks)
(c) What change would one notice if a volume of 4 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution is
now added to the boiling tube in part (b)?

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(2 marks)
(d) This reaction is in a state of equilibrium. What factor is causing the changes taking
place in parts (b) and (c)?

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(1 mark)
[Total: 6 marks]

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7. (a) (i) Complete the following reactions by giving the formula and the name of the
product formed.

Reactants Formula of product Name of product

Ethene + hydrogen →

Ethene + hydrogen chloride →

(4 marks)
(ii) Give the molecular formula and the structural formula of the product of the
reaction between propene (C3H6) and chlorine.

___________________________________________________________________________

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(3 marks)
(b) How can bromine water be used to distinguish ethene from the product of the
reaction between ethene and hydrogen?

___________________________________________________________________________

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(1 mark)
[Total: 8 marks]

8. When sodium hydrogencarbonate is heated, the following reaction takes place:

2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
8
(a) How many moles of carbon dioxide are produced if after reaction 280 cm3 of the gas
are collected at standard temperature and pressure (STP)?

___________________________________________________________________________

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(1 mark)
(b) How many moles of sodium carbonate are formed during this experiment?

___________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(c) How many moles of sodium hydrogencarbonate would be required to produce
280 cm3 of carbon dioxide measured at STP?

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(1 mark)

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(d) If the original amount of solid used at the start of this experiment was 3 g, what mass
of sodium hydrogencarbonate remains unreacted after reaction?

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(3 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

9. (a) The following table shows the formulae of three polymers. Give the name of each of
the three polymers.
6
Polymer Formula of polymer Name of polymer

(3 marks)

Question 9 continues on the next page.

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(b) (i) Write down the structural or molecular formula of the monomer from which
polymer A is formed.

(1 mark)
(ii) Give two uses of polymer A.

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(2 marks)
[Total: 6 marks]

10. (a) A volume of 20 cm3 of hydrogen gas was collected at room temperature (20ºC) in a
gas syringe, which was plugged to trap the gas inside.
6

(i) State what happens to the pressure of the gas when the plunger is pushed in.

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(1 mark)
(ii) Explain, in terms of molecules, what would happen if the syringe is immersed in
water at 60ºC.

___________________________________________________________________________

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(2 marks)
(b) A volume of 500 cm3 of a gas at 0oC and a pressure of 760 mmHg is heated to
300 K, keeping the pressure constant. Calculate the new volume.

___________________________________________________________________________

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(4 marks)
[Total: 7 marks]

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Section B: Answer TWO questions from this section. Write your answers in the lined pages
provided.

11. (a) (i) Draw a labelled diagram of a simple voltaic cell. Label clearly what the
electrodes and the solution are made of. (3 marks)
(ii) Indicate which electrode is the cathode of the cell. (1 mark)
(iii) Indicate which electrode is the anode of the cell. (1 mark)
(iv) State at which electrode oxidation takes place. (1 mark)
(v) State at which electrode reduction takes place. (1 mark)
(vi) Write the equation for the reaction that takes place at the cathode. (2 marks)
(vii) Write the equation for the reaction that takes place at the anode. (2 marks)
(viii) State what energy change takes place in the cell. (1 mark)

(b) A cell was set up using inert electrodes and copper(II) sulfate solution, as shown in
the diagram below. A current of 3.22 amperes was passed through the circuit for 5
minutes.

(i) Calculate the quantity of charge that passes through the circuit during this
experiment. (2 marks)
(ii) How many moles of electrons pass through the circuit during this time?
(2 marks)
(iii) Write the equation for the change that takes place at the anode. (2 marks)
(iv) Calculate the number of moles of product formed at the cathode. (2 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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12. (a) Hydrochloric acid reacts with both magnesium metal and sodium sulfite.
(i) Give the ionic equation, including state symbols, for the reaction that takes
place when hydrochloric acid reacts with each of the above. (2, 2 marks)
(ii) A gas is given off during the reactions that take place when hydrochloric acid
reacts with magnesium metal and sodium sulfite. Give a test that one would
carry out in the lab to identify the gas given off in each of these reactions.
(2, 2 marks)

(b) (i) Write the balanced chemical equation, including state symbols, for the reaction
that takes place between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. (3 marks)
(ii) Give two uses of the gas given off during this reaction. (2 marks)
(iii) Give a chemical test that shows the presence of the gas given off during the
reaction in part (b)(i), indicating clearly what is observed. (2 marks)
(iv) Write the balanced chemical reaction, including state symbols, for the reaction
that takes place in part (b)(iii). (3 marks)

(c) Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid while ethanoic acid is a weak acid. Distinguish
between the underlined terms. (2 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

13. When zinc powder is added to a solution containing iron(III) ions the following reaction
takes place:
Zn(s) + 2Fe3+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + 2Fe2+(aq)

(a) (i) What is the oxidation state of the iron at the start of the reaction? (1 mark)
(ii) What is the oxidation state of the iron at the end of the reaction? (1 mark)
(iii) What type of reaction has taken place? (1 mark)
(iv) Indicate the colour of the solution after the reaction. (1 mark)

(b) Two oxides of copper exist in nature: copper(I) oxide and copper(II) oxide.
(i) Give the colour of these two compounds. (2 marks)
(ii) What colour change would take place when copper(II) oxide is added to sulfuric
acid? (2 marks)

(c) Iron and copper are transition metals. Give two characteristics of transition metals
that can be deduced from the changes in parts (a) and (b). (2 marks)

(d) Transition metals also have the ability to catalyse reactions. Give an equation for a
catalysed reaction, and indicate the transition metal that catalyses it. (3 marks)

(e) (i) Give the equation for the reaction between copper(II) sulfate and sodium
hydroxide. (2 marks)
3 -3
(ii) In the reaction in part (e)(i), 5 cm of 2 mol dm sodium hydroxide solution
reacted completely. Calculate the number moles of sodium hydroxide that
reacted. (2 marks)
(iii) Indicate what changes are noted when the reaction in part (e)(i) takes place.
(3 marks)
[Total: 20 marks]

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14. Consider the reaction scheme in the diagram shown below. Compounds A, B, C, D, E
and F are all lead(II) compounds.

White
White White Yellow
solid DD
solid solid E solid F

+ H2SO4 + NaOH + KI

Yellow Heat White + HNO3 White

solid C solid A solid B

Heat

A white solid B reacts with dilute nitric acid to give a colourless solution and carbon
dioxide gas. When this solution is evaporated a white solid residue A is formed.
When solid A is heated, a yellow solid C is formed and a brown gas Y and a gas that
relights a glowing splint Z are formed. A solution of A reacts with sodium hydroxide to
give a white solid E, which is soluble in excess sodium hydroxide. Furthermore, a
solution of A would give a yellow precipitate F with potassium iodide solution and a
white precipitate D with sulfuric acid.

(a) Identify the substances A, B, C, D, E and F. (6 marks)

(b) Give the chemical names of the gases Y and Z. (2 marks)

(c) Give the ionic equations, including the state symbols, for the reaction that a solution
of A would undergo when it reacts with:
(i) sulfuric acid;
(ii) sodium hydroxide; and
(iii) potassium iodide. (9 marks)

(d) Give the equation for the action of heat on the white solid B. (2 marks)

(e) Give one other change that one would notice when heating solid A. (1 mark)
[Total: 20 marks]

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