People v. Usana Case Digest

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People v.

Usana, 323 SCRA 754 (2000)


Facts:
• Accused-appellants Virgilio T. Usana and Jerry C. Lopez, along with Julian D.
Escaño, were charged with various offenses before the Regional Trial Court of
Makati City.
• The charges included the violation of Section 4, Article II of Republic Act No.
6425 (R.A. 6425) for the sale, distribution, and transportation of hashish (a
prohibited drug), as well as illegal possession of firearms and ammunition.
• The incident in question took place during the election period when a gun ban
was imposed.
• The accused argued that the checkpoint conducted by the police was illegal, as it
should have been announced and was conducted in an arbitrary and
discriminatory manner.
Issues:
• The legality of the checkpoint and whether it was conducted in violation of the
accused's constitutional rights.
• The validity of the search of the vehicle and whether the accused consented to it.
• The conviction of the accused for drug-related offenses and illegal possession of
firearms.
Ruling:
• Checkpoints during the election period to enforce a gun ban do not need to be
announced, and the manner in which they are conducted may be justified by the
exigencies of public order.
• The search of the vehicle was deemed valid because there were indications that
Escaño, the owner of the car, consented to it. This was further supported by the
testimony of other witnesses.
• The conviction of Usana and Lopez for drug-related offenses was reversed and
set aside due to a lack of evidence linking them to the prohibited drug found in
the trunk of the car. Their acquittal was based on reasonable doubt. They were
ordered to be released unless further detention was justified for other lawful
reasons.

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