PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A THREE-STOREY PAY PARKING

IN CENTRO NAGA CITY

A Civil Engineering Project

TITLE PAGE

Presented to the Civil Engineering Department

College of Engineering

Ateneo de Naga University

Naga City

In Partial Fulfillment

of the requirements of the Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Submitted By:

Abalayan, Daniel Andrie S.

Ciudadano, Jan Angelo N.

Luna, Krystal Mae E.

May 2023
APPROVED SHEET

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We want to express our gratitude and acknowledgement to our supervisor, Engr.Abhegail

B.Mangampo who made this work possible. We were able to complete all of our project's

writing stages thanks to her direction and counsel. Additionally, We want to thank the

members of our committee for their valuable insights and suggestions have significantly

enhanced the quality of this research work. Additionally, We want to express our gratitude to

our entire family for their unwavering support and tolerance as we conducted our research

and wrote our project. Your supplication for us has kept us going so far. Finally, we want to

express our gratitude to God for guiding us through all of the challenges. Every day, we have

felt your guidance. You are the one who allowed us to complete our degree. we continue to

put our future in your hands.

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 ABSTRACT

Title: PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A THREE-STOREY PAY

PARKING IN CENTRO NAGA CITY

Researchers: Abalayan, Daniel Andrie S., Ciudadano, Jan Angelo N., Luna,

Krystal Mae E.

Degree: Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Date of Completion: May 2023

Adviser: Engr. Abhegail B. Mangampo

With a population of more than 200,000, Naga City is a dynamic city center in the

Philippines' Bicol Region. It has become known for its rich cultural legacy, sacred locations,

and lively local community. However, Naga's transportation infrastructure meets difficulties,

just like that of many other expanding cities. Scarcity of parking spaces became one of the

major problems with Naga City's transportation system. Moreover, in relation to this, the

increasing demand for parking spaces in urban areas poses significant challenges for urban

planners and civil engineers. This thesis presents a comprehensive study on evaluating the

current state of parking and proposing a design for an optimal parking building in a specific

urban context. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining license plate

surveys and survey questionnaires to gather data on parking behavior, preferences, and

challenges faced by the community. As a result, armed with the knowledge and data obtained,

the researchers come up with a plan to propose a Multi storey pay parking building.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE............................................................................................................................1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................................... 3

ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................. 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................... 5

LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................. 8

LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................10

CHAPTER I............................................................................................................................ 11

1.1 Background of the Study.................................................................................................... 11

1.2 Statement of the Problem................................................................................................... 13

1.3 Objective of the Study........................................................................................................13

1.4 Scope and Delimitations.....................................................................................................14

1.5 Significance of the Study................................................................................................... 14

1.6 Definition of Terms............................................................................................................ 15

CHAPTER II.......................................................................................................................... 17

2.1 Parking............................................................................................................................... 17

2.2 Off Street Parking...............................................................................................................17

2.3 On Street Parking............................................................................................................... 18

2.4 The Towing and Expanded Wheel Clamp Ordinance of Naga City.................................. 20

2.5 Pay Parking Facility........................................................................................................... 20

2.6 License Plate Survey for Parking....................................................................................... 23

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2.7 AnyLogic Simulation......................................................................................................... 23

2.8 Conceptual Framework...................................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER III.........................................................................................................................25

3.1 Research Design................................................................................................................. 25

3.2 Theoretical Framework...................................................................................................... 26

3.3 Research Locale................................................................................................................. 27

3.4 Research Instrument........................................................................................................... 29

3.5 Population of the Study...................................................................................................... 30

3.6 Data Gathering Procedures.................................................................................................31

3.6.1 Road Network Inventory................................................................................................. 31

3.6.2 License Plate Survey....................................................................................................... 31

3.6.3 Survey Questionnaire...................................................................................................... 32

3.7 Data Analysis......................................................................................................................32

CHAPTER IV......................................................................................................................... 34

4.1 Interview.............................................................................................................................34

4.1.1 City Engineer Office And CPDO....................................................................................34

4.2 Survey.................................................................................................................................38

4.3 Parking Studies...................................................................................................................44

4.3.1 Parking Characteristics....................................................................................................44

4.4 Parking Accumulation........................................................................................................45

4.5 Parking Duration................................................................................................................ 48

4.5.1 Average Parking Duration............................................................................................... 49

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4.6 Proposal Plan.....................................................................................................................49

Expected Costs......................................................................................................................... 71

Revenues.................................................................................................................................. 64

CHAPTER V.......................................................................................................................... 77

Summary.................................................................................................................................. 77

Conclusion................................................................................................................................77

Recommendations.................................................................................................................... 79

BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................. 80

APPENDICES........................................................................................................................ 84

Appendix 1: City Planning Development Office - Naga City Received Request Letter for the

lot description of the proposed three storey parking................................................................ 85

Appendix 2: Public Safety Office - Naga City Received Request Letter............................... 86

Appendix 3: Department of Public Work and Highway Office - Canaman, Camarines Sur

Received Request Letter...........................................................................................................87

Appendix 4: The Survey Questionnaire................................................................................... 88

Appendix 5: Summary of Hourly Parking Demand and UtilizationAppendix........................ 91

Appendix 6: Parking Turnover Rate per Street........................................................................ 91

Appendix 7: Department of Public Works and Highways - Annual Average Daily Traffic.... 92

Appendix 8:Data Used For The Design Of Column, Beam And Slab....................................93

Appendix 9 : Cost Estimate....................................................................................................123

Appendix 10 :Individual Duration of vehicles Parking......................................................... 124

Appendix 11: License Plate Survey Data............................................................................... 129

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Appendix 12:

Resume…………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………..132

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1:Conceptual Framework. ……..………………………………………………….24

Figure 2:Theoretical Framework. …………...……………………………………………26

Figure 3:Aerial View of Penafrancia, Diaz, Arana and Elias Angeles St…….………….. 27

Figure 4:Aerial View of Arana, Gen. Luna and Diaz St………………………………... .. 27

Figure 5: Aerial view of Plaza Quezon, Gen luna and Burgos St …………………………28

Figure 6:Lot Description of Three Storey Pay Parking Facility………………………..… 33

Figure 7:Illegal Parking Violation (January -March2023) …………………………………34

Figure 8:Total Number of Vehicle Wheel Clamped……………………………………..… 35

Figure 9:Traffic Volume in Region V……………………………………………………… 36

Figure 10:Available Parking Area in Naga City. …..……………………………………….42

Figure 11:Parking Accumulation Curve………………………………………………….…44

Figure 12:Proposed Three Storey Pay Parking Facility…………….………………………49

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Figure 13:Front View…………………………………………………………………….….50

Figure 14:Ground Floor Plan. ………………………………………………………..……..51

Figure 15: 2nd Floor Plan. …………………………………………………...……………..52

Figure 16:Third Floor Plan…………………… ……………………………………………53

Figure 17:Roof Deck Plan . …………………………………………………………………54

Figure 18: Front ElevationPlan.… . . . .……………………………………….……………..55

Figure 19:Rear Elevation Plan ………………………………………………..…………… 56

Figure 20: Left Elevation Plan...……………………………………………………………..57

Figure 21:Right Elevation Plan ..…………………………………………………………….58

Figure 22:Foundation Plan………………...…………………………………………………59

Figure 23:Tie Beam Layout….……………………………………………………….………60

Figure 24: Second and Third Floor Beam Layout…..…………………………………..……61

Figure 25:Roof Deck Beam Layout .……………………………………………………….. 62

Figure 26:C1-F1 Detail…… ...………………………………………………………………63

Figure 27:Footing Detail…………..…………………………………………...…………… 64

Figure 28:Schedule of Column…………………………………………………………..…..65

Figure 29: Typical Slab Detail……………………………………………………………….66

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Figure 30:Slab Section…………………………………… …………………………………67

Figure 31:Typical Beam Detail………………………………………………………………68

Figure 32:Schedule of Beam…………………………………………………………………69

Figure 33:Vehicular Flow…………………………………………….………………………73

Figure 34:Simulation 1…………………………………… …………………………………74

Figure 35:Vehicular Flow……………………………………….……………………………74

Figure 36:Simulation 2…………………………………… …………………………………75

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Total Number of Respondents…………………………………………….… 29

Table 2:Agencies in Connection with the Study………………………………………29

Table 3:. Q1: Do you think there is a need for additional parking in the area in

order to lessen the traffic?............................................................................................37

Table 4:. Q2: Do you support the construction of a multi storey parking

building in the proposed location?. ………………………………………………....37

Table 5:Q3: How satisfied are you in the current parking situation in

the CBD of Naga?. …………………………………………………………………..38

Table 6:Q4: How long does it take to find a parking space in the area?...................... 39

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Table 7:Q5 Would you be willing to pay for parking in the proposed parking building?. 40

Table 8:Q6: How would you rate the safety of your current parking area?.................. 40

Table 9:Summary of Hourly Parking Demand and Utilization………………………. 44

Table 10:Values of Parking Turnover for Each Street…………………………………45

Table 11:Parking Duration. ……………………………………………………………47

Table 12:Estimated Annual Revenue. …………………………………………………72

Table 13:Commercial Space Annual Revenue……………………..…………………72

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Parking is an important part of the transportation system. It is an efficient means of storing

vehicles while they aren’t in use, and it causes little disruption to neighboring roadways.

Additionally, since parking is the terminal or destination for a trip, the availability of parking

spaces can affect the attractiveness of destinations as well as transportation modes. The

attractiveness of a destination is reduced if there is a delay or difficulty in parking. The use of

transit systems is increasing in areas where parking is scarce. To be efficient, the

transportation system must include adequate parking facilities at all places that attract trips.

Parking lots are crucial to the effectiveness of the entire transportation system. The purpose

of this is to aid the undergraduate engineering student in comprehending the foundations of

off-street parking planning and design. A parking area or lot is for the convenience of persons

who want the security and safety of their vehicle or mode of transportation while using it. [1]

As the population grows, the ever-increasing population goes to live in cities that are

growing. Urbanization brings about the growth of cities, and the higher the percentage of

people or population that comes and occupies the city, With the ever-rising population of

Naga City and its neighboring municipalities, the number of vehicles going inbound and

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outbound from Naga City is also getting higher and higher as time passes. Naga City is the

center of trade for its neighboring municipalities. The growing population will also need

transportation to be able to move around. Thus also adding to the problem of where to park

the ever-increasing number of vehicles.

Naga City is well-known as a regional hub for commerce, religion, and trade. One of the

most significant challenges that a city like Naga may face is the lack of available parking

spaces. In comparison to other cities, Naga City's roads are quite small. In fact, the city

government is enacting numerous ordinances to alleviate illegal parking, and reduce its

effects. There are numerous signs indicating wheel clamp areas and no parallel parking signs

along Naga's main roads. There is less parking space for private vehicles in the city as the

number of them increases. The proposed pay parking building will greatly assist the

government in supplying the parking demand, particularly during peak parking demand

hours. The growing problem of scarcity of parking spaces needs to be addressed in the

Central Business District of Naga City. This study will provide substantial information of the

parking reviews to paint a picture of the current parking situation, and the future scenario

when a parking building is realized.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The problem of parking is very evident in Naga City; there are vehicles left and right getting

wheel clamped because of parking in illegal places. These illegally parked vehicles shows

that there is an ongoing problem in terms of parking in the CBD of Naga City.

1. What is the current state of parking in CBD, Naga City?

2. Is there a need to add more supply of Parking in the CBD of Naga City?

3. What can be done in order to supply the CBD of Naga City additional parking

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 spaces?

1.3 Objective of the Study

1. Conduct a field survey to evaluate the situation of the current state of parking and

current parking demand in the Central Business District of Naga City.

2. To provide a simulation of the area of focus during the present times and when the

parking building is operational.

3. To propose the researchers’ design plan to address the need for greater parking

availability, which could satisfy the city’s needs.

1.4 Scope and Delimitations

The study only dealt with determining and understanding the current parking situation in the Center

business district of Naga City and providing a possible solution to the problem. The researchers

focused on providing additional supply in parking through a three storey pay parking facility

therefore, Solid investigations, drainage system, survey, electrical and mechanical aspects and design

of superstructure are beyond the scope of the study. Furthermore the study did not include an

in-depth analysis of traffic flow or transportation planning in the surrounding area beyond the

impact of the proposed parking building. The study will also not examine alternative solutions to

parking shortages at the proposed location.

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1.5 Significance of the Study

The goal of this study was to clarify the reasons why a pay parking infrastructure is

necessary to keep the supply of parking up to par with the demand for it.. More particularly,

this study will benefit the following:

Local Government Unit of Naga City. The study can provide valuable information for local

government and city planners on the proposed location, and the feasibility of constructing a

multi-story parking building.

Business and Property Owners. The study can benefit businesses and property owners in the

proposed location by increasing the parking capacity, which can improve access for

customers, increase property values, and potentially attract new businesses to the area.

Tourists. This study will help tourists find a convenient place for their vehicles to be parked.

especially when there are special occasions that are being undergone.

Construction and Engineering Firms. The study can benefit construction and engineering

firms by providing information on site selection, building design, and construction strategies

for a multi-story parking building.

Future researchers. This study will serve as a reference for the other students conducting

research about how to evaluate the current state of parking in a city in such a way that their

knowledge about formulating possible solutions will be enhanced.

Commuters. This study also aims to benefit public commuters by solving the problems that

come along with the lack of parking spaces..

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1.6 Definition of Terms

Multi-Storey Parking Building - parking facility with multiple levels or floors designed to

accommodate a larger number of vehicles in a limited space.

Parking Space- a paved or unpaved area that has been set aside for parking. It might be on a

public street, in a parking lot, or in a garage. Road surface markings could be used to define

the area. The car can fit in the spot by parallel parking, parking perpendicularly, or parking at

an angle.

Parking - leaving a vehicle in a particular place for a period of time: a parking place/space

Return of Investment( ROI)- generally defined as the ratio of net profit over the total cost

of the investment. ROI is most useful to your business goals when it refers to something

concrete and measurable, to identify your investment's gains and financial returns.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Parking

One of the most crucial elements of a transportation system is parking because a car

needs to park at each destination. Parking issues may arise when a location lacks sufficient

parking compared to the demand for parking in that location. Iligan City has been dealing

with this type of issue as more people opt to utilize private vehicles over public utility

jeepneys (PUJs), which raises the demand for parking spots. [4] Car parking is one of the

primary issues for transportation and traffic management around the world due to the rising

rate of private car usage in metropolitan areas as a result of the quickly expanding economy,

negligent regulations, and subsidies. How parking is posing a barrier to the operation of

through traffic was highlighted by coordinating parking regulations and traffic control.

Additionally, even when choices are made on an as-needed basis while formulating policy, it

is in charge of the ineffective use of resources. Because of this, it's important to comprehend

parking decision behavior and the actual demand for parking spaces. Numerous studies have

been conducted over the past three decades to assess parking characteristics, gauge parking

demand, and examine drivers' behaviors. [5]

2.2 Off Street Parking

The movement of motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles on major roadways is

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the main indicator of how off-street parking affects traffic performance. It affects heavy road

traffic since the incoming car has more space than the departing vehicle. Additionally, the

fact that the park vehicles are traversing the non-motorized vehicle lane may cause the overall

traffic flow to slow down. Due to limited land resources and laws governing off-street

parking facilities, it is hard to create parking facilities off-street to meet the expanding

demand for parking. As a result, while choosing where to put off-street parking spaces, the

facility's efficiency will take precedence. [6]

Despite all the havoc they inflict, off-street parking regulations are practically a given

in urban architecture. Planners enforce the "ten thousand commandments of parking

planning" without any theory or supporting data for hundreds of land uses in hundreds of

cities. Though planners have created a veneer of professional jargon to explain the technique,

planning for parking is a skill that can only be learned on the job and is more of a political

activity than a professional one...[7]

2.3 On Street Parking

In any location, but especially in sizable center cities, parking is a crucial part of

transportation management and policy. Parking is a crucial component of transportation

policy and management in any location, but is especially important in large center cities.

Parking rules and management methods have an impact on land usage, pollution levels, and

traffic congestion. Travel patterns, safety, economic growth, and sources of income are just a

few. For instance, laws that offer a lot of free parking may encourage the usage of cars,

causing more congestion. Large core cities struggle constantly to handle parking effectively.

face cThere is a conflicting set of goals that may even be irreconcilable, as well as an

increasing need for parking space. On-street parking is a form of shared parking that

18
effectively enables large numbers of users to travel to numerous locations. For companies

located on city streets, on-street parking is more practical because it uses less area per space

than off-street parking. On-street parking for pedestrians offers a separation between moving

vehicles and persons using the walkways, increasing safety and reducing traffic congestion.

On-street parking can also act as a traffic-calming device by slowing down traffic and

possibly lowering the number and severity of accidents, depending on how it is positioned on

a street. [8]On-street parking does come with trade-offs, though. The same barrier that

separates moving traffic from pedestrians on the sidewalks can also block the view of

oncoming cars and pedestrians trying to cross junctions, increasing the likelihood of

accidents. Additionally, on-street parking competes with other uses of the road, such as

bigger walkways, bike lanes, and additional lanes for traffic. Furthermore, traffic on the roads

gets worse as drivers look for empty spaces. Finally, much like all other types of parking,

street parking draws in automobiles, which increases traffic. There has been a steady rise in

the ownership of private vehicles as a result of the world's faster industrialization, which has

led to higher growth rates of urban economies, income, and living standards as well as the

rapid growth of the population. The main causes of the rise in cars in cities are population

expansion and growing living standards. Due to the low cost of compact city automobiles and

the absence of or minor parking fees, the majority of residents choose to travel by private

vehicle over public transportation. For instance, multi-level parking structures offer plenty of

room as an alternative to on-street parking and offer discounted parking rates. However, the

central business district (CBD) and other older parts of the city do not have adequate space

for off-street parking, which raises the demand for on-street parking in such locations. [9]

Curb parking results in the occupation of several lanes of the road by automobiles, increasing

the load on the remaining lanes of the road, which can occasionally become one single lane,

19
causing the accumulation of cars over the design capacity of roads and resulting in traffic

jams. Local authorities often establish these lanes at the expense of pavement width, putting

them out of standard and devoid of some of their duties, in order to give extra lanes for curb

parking without obstructing the flow of traffic, especially in small streets or downtown.

Pedestrian usage of these surfaces becomes challenging, uncomfortable, and frustrating. [10]

2.4 The Towing and Expanded Wheel Clamp Ordinance of Naga City

Throughout an interview, Renne Gumba, the director of the Public Safety Office,

stated that his department has now begun to create additional traffic signs that would help the

general public, particularly drivers, to recognize the locations of wheel-clamp and towing

operations throughout the city.

Wheel-clamp and tow-away zones have been listed in the ordinance, but before the ordinance

is put into effect, appropriate and adequate signage confirming compliance with international

standards will be put up by the Public Safety Office and the Philippine National Police on the

enumerated sites to ensure fairness --- that motorists are forewarned first of the consequences

of their acts. Also, the list will be distributed by the City Events, Protocol, and Public

Information Office.

In order to acquaint and familiarize automobile owners and drivers with the towing and

wheel-clamp operations that they will execute alongside members of the Naga City Police

Office, he continued, a significant information and education campaign will be launched. [11]

2.5 Pay Parking Facility

We badly need a better parking system in the Philippines. And this is on top of everything

20
else that has to be fixed and added to the security program for our organization. In malls or

restaurants, we commonly observe people patiently waiting for someone to depart while

parked with their hazards on. Additionally, vehicles can be observed continuously circling the

parking lot in search of a vacant space. These days, there are more lines than simply those for

food; we also have to wait in what seems like endless parking queues. [12] Urban car parking

is a big issue throughout both industrialized and developing nations. The shortage of parking

spaces in numerous cities is a result of an imbalance between parking availability and

demand, which may be seen as the root cause of the city's parking issues after the fast rise in

automobile ownership. This mismatch is largely caused by inadequate land use planning and

incorrect estimates of the amount of space needed in the early phases of planning. A few

common parking issues include a lack of available spaces, expensive parking fees, and traffic

backups caused by people looking for parking. [13]

Security systems are frequently used in parking management systems since they are so

successful at keeping people safe. Parking there gives people the peace of mind that their car

is properly safeguarded by security cameras, motion detectors, and the administration's close

supervision. Additionally, this technology forbids unapproved access or leave of any vehicle,

guaranteeing that no threat may enter or escape undetected. Due to this, parking systems are a

great option for companies, hotels, residential complexes, and commercial parking lots.14]

the development of a trustworthy system that assumes responsibility for properly tracking the

whereabouts of parked cars and locating open spaces in parking lots. This project

significantly reduces the amount of human labor required at the parking lot, including the

car's driver's search for a vacant space and the billing process for each car that uses the lot.

The ATmega 644, a microcontroller from the AVR family, serves as the brain of this device.

Vehicle recognition, free slot detection, and payment computation are some of the different

21
processes in this procedure. RFID is used to identify vehicles, and it is recommended that

each vehicle have a distinct identity in this case. The process of free slot detection makes use

of a display. Utilizing a real-time clock (RTC), payments are calculated based on the length

of time spent parked. The RTC is powered by a different DC source to increase the system's

dependability.

[15] There are various reasons why cameras put at parking lots for businesses make sense.

They are used, first and foremost, to identify people who park without permission or for

longer than permitted. Additionally, it helps managers to find empty parking places and

increase revenue by renting them out overnight or as resident parking. The utilization of

parking spaces is tracked by camera-based systems placed at parking facility entrances,

which also allow license plate recognition for vehicles arriving and leaving. Such devices

track how long a car stays in a parking space and determine whether the allotted time has

been exceeded in municipal parking lots or those run by commercial establishments. If so,

countermeasures can then be taken. In the example we provide, [16]

In the City of Baguio, to address the problem of on-street parking and reduce traffic

congestion, the government is currently seeking public-private partnership (PPP) agreements

for the construction of pay parking structures. At least seven locations in the city will be

made available for PPP agreements since they are suitable for multi-level pay parking

structures. According to Donna Tabangin, the municipal planning officer, "The projects could

help in providing parking spaces for the increasing volume of motor vehicles plying the city

roads and address the worsening traffic congestions in the central business district area."

Additionally, a second location for a multi-level parking structure is being considered, and it

will be built inside the public market area to accommodate parking demands for both market

consumers and businesses.[22]

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2.6 License Plate Survey for Parking

License plate surveys are conducted to collect pertinent data about parking demand

characteristics in a specific location or congested area. These surveys aim to gather

background and baseline information on factors such as the level of demand, duration of

parked vehicles, peak hours of demand, and variations in parking demand over time. The

surveys are conducted using a representative sample to ensure the collection of relevant and

accurate information. This methodology is done to help transportation engineers and planners

to obtain estimates on average parking duration, turnover, and accumulation.[20]

2.7 AnyLogic Simulation

Anylogic is simulation software that enables analysts, engineers, and managers to optimize

complex systems and gain deeper insights by analyzing traffic flow, optimizing routes, and

reevaluating the current infrastructure systems as well as their impacts in order to improve

logistic operations. In terms of city planning and development, by using this software, users

are able to advance transportation systems, evaluate land scenarios, and assess the

effectiveness of various planning strategies. “We chose AnyLogic to tackle our large complex

problem because of the multimethod you can use.” Kyle Johnson from IBM Global Business

Services stated. Overall, this simulation software provides its adaptability and ability to be

customized to make it more suitable to a variety of study topics and help advance knowledge

and understanding across a range of fields.[21]

2.8 Building Cost estimate (Arcadis)

The global construction consultancy service provider Arcadis made a Construction

Cost Handbook which estimates the price per square meter for constructing a multi storey car

23
park above ground. In constructing a multi storey car park above ground the Building

Construction Services and materials ranges from Php 20,035 to 27,752 per square meter. In

the Construction Services cost it includes the Structural and Architectural disciplines. The

estimate for Electrical services range from Php 1,800 to 3,300 per square meter. For the

Mechanical Services the price ranges from Php 650 to 2,210 per square meter. For the Fire

Services the price ranges from Php 1,220 to 2,350. Lastly for the Plumbing Services the price

range is in between Php 1,190 to 2,270 per square meter.

2.8 Conceptual Framework

The Philippines number of registered vehicles was reported at 4,951,662 units in

December 2021. Most communities, particularly Naga City, have expressed concern about

the amount of traffic on the roadways and the availability of parking. Naga city is considered

a center of trade for all its neighboring municipalities. Naga City is progressing at a constant

rate, and this progress will inevitably bring more and more vehicles that will go in and out of

the city.

There are currently two options for parking for car owners. It is either on-street parking,

where vehicles are parked at the side of the road itself, or off-street parking. On street parking

is on the rise and somewhat becoming a norm for all vehicle owners. A parking structure is

required to assist us in reducing the number of vehicles that park improperly on the road and

generate traffic.

The main focus of this study is to provide a possible solution to the problems in parking that

is being encountered in the CBD of Naga City. The researchers aim to address the scarcity of

parking spaces by proposing this parking building; it will be possible to supply additional

parking spaces for the use of local ‘parkers’.

24
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

25
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research methodology. This include the research design,

population of the study, instruments used in the research, and procedures of data gathering to

collect information, and results needed for the study,

3.1 Research Design

A mixed-methods design was used to gather data from multiple sources, such as

surveys and interviews, to provide a more comprehensive view on the current state of parking

in the study area. This design also involved both quantitative and qualitative data analysis,

and could be used to determine the current state of parking in order to create a plan to provide

additional parking space in the CBD of Naga City.

3.2 Theoretical Framework

The availability of parking has a significant impact on travel patterns, and the overall

livability of cities. The challenging dynamics of parking demand can be better understood by

understanding the theories underlying parking, which can also guide efficient parking

management techniques. The many parking theories are examined in this study along with

their implications for sustainable accessibility and transportation management. The theory

gives planners a framework for studying and understanding parking demand in different

areas. Planners can effectively analyze the parking needs of individual places and make

informed judgments regarding parking supply and management techniques.

26
Given that the City of Naga is currently having difficulty addressing lack of parking spaces

and its accompanying side issues, the Theory of Pay Parking plays an essential part in

managing transportation and urban planning. Cities can successfully manage the issues of

parking demand, congestion, and sustainable development to parking facilities. Moreover, in

this study, Car Parking Space Theory, Design Theory, Parking Demand, Choice Behavioral

Model, and Parking Characteristics are explained.

These might be beneficial with infrastructural improvements in Naga City

Figure 2. Theoretical Framework

3.3 Research Locale

The Barangay San Francisco, Penafrancia St. Area of Centro Naga, specifically, was the site

of the study. One of Naga's main thoroughfares, Penafrancia Street, connects to the area of

the city where many businesses are located. The study was conducted along the street of

Peñafrancia also known as PUERICULTURE, to the nearby streets, which are Burgos St.,

General Luna St., Barlin St., Diaz St., Arana St., Elias Angeles St., and Plaza Quezon.

27
 Figure 3: Aerial view of Penafrancia, Diaz, Arana and Elias Angeles St.

Figure 3 shows the different streets that would benefit if the said structure were built in the

proposed area. This would cover Penafrancia Street,Diaz Street, Arana Street, and Elias

Angeles Street.

Figure 4. Aerial view of Arana, Gen. Luna and Diaz St.

28
 Figure 5. Aerial view of Plaza Quezon, Gen luna and Burgos St.

Figure 5 shows the Plaza Quezon, a parking place designated by the PSO for 4

wheels and motorcycles, it also shows the streets of General Luna, Kinastillohan, and

P.Burgos in which heavy traffic occurs most of the time.

3.4 Research Instrument

In order to obtain the appropriate data needed for this research, the Researchers used the

following methods: Road network inventory, License Plate Survey, Anylogic. In addition, the

Researchers also made use of a Survey questionnaire to gather information from necessary

respondents.

29
3.5 Population of the Study

The significant respondents for this study were 25 Private or Public Vehicle Owners, 10

Local Residents who were around the area where the proposed building will be established,

and 15 Commuters. With a total of 50 respondents. The results of the study were based on

Survey Questionnaires that Local Residents, Members of the General Public, and Drivers of

Private and public vehicles.

Table 1. Total Number of Significant Respondents for the Survey Questionnaire.

RESPONDENTS NO.OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

PRIVATE / PUBLIC 25 50

VEHICLE OWNERS

RESIDENT 10 20

COMMUTERS 15 30

TOTAL 50 100

Table 2. Agencies in connection with the study.

AGENCY AUTHORITY

LAND TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION

OFFICE(LTO)

PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICE(PSO) TRANSPORTATION

30
 CITY ENGINEER'S OFFICE LOCATION, INFRASTRUCTURE

CITY PLANNING DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, LOCATION

OFFICE(CPDO)

3.6 Data Gathering Procedures

3.6.1 Road Network Inventory

The Secondary Data were gathered by asking for data from interviews with the Public

Safety Office (PSO) and asking for their data about the existing parking areas in the study’s

locale. Primary data were collected by road network inventory of the existing parking

spaces; afterwards, the researchers counted the number of available parking spaces in the

locations.

3.6.2 License Plate Survey

This part of the study focuses on the demand for on-street parking and off-street

parking in Naga City's CBD.The data was gathered on March 20, 2023, which was a Monday.

In the data that was taken, parking started at eight a.m. and ended at five p.m. The data that

was gathered included the plate numbers of the cars and their time-in and time-out. The

on-street parking data was graphed to know how many vehicles go into the area every 30

minutes with the assumption that ‘parker’ would use, at the minimum, 30 minutes of the

parking slot. Average Parking Duration and Turnover Rate were computed.

31
 In order to get the data for parking duration and turn over the following data were first

extracted from the license plate survey. Parking duration and turnover rate was computed.

3.6.3 Survey Questionnaire

The Researchers prepared and distributed the questionnaires. The respondents are

then instructed and given guidance in answering the questions. A total of 50 were

questionnaires given out to the respondents. The data was then tallied to show the percentage

of respondents

would be tallied to show percentages on the problems in finding an available parking space,

as well as the respondents in favor for the proposed parking building.

3.7 Data Analysis

Survey

Data will be tabulated with the simple formula:

P = Percentage

A = Summation of data collected

N = Number of respondents

P = (A/N) x 100

The following equations were used:Turn over and Parking Duration

𝑁𝑡
TR= 𝑆*𝑇𝑠

Where,

TR= Turnover rate

𝑁𝑡= total number of vehicles observed

32
 𝑆= Number of parking slots

𝑇𝑠 = Time of study in hours

Σ(𝑁𝑥 *𝑋*𝑌)
D= 𝑁𝑡

D: average parking duration

𝑁𝑥 : number of vehicles parked

X : number of intervals parked

Y: length of intervals

𝑁𝑡:total number of vehicles parked

33
 CHAPTER IV

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This part of the study will present the results of the study conducted by the researcher. This

chapter will also interpret the results of the data analysis.

4.1 Interview

4.1.1 City Engineer Office And CPDO

Using the interview as a methodology in this research, the researchers conducted the

interview with the personnel of the City Engineer's Office and the City Planning

Development Office (CPDO) on February 10, 2023. Engineer Reymund Bermudo, together

with his brother, who is also an engineer in the office, gave us the locations for the research.

The location is the privately owned property of Mrs. Caroline Enrile of NagaLand E-mall,

located in Barangay San Francisco, Naga City.Figure 6 shows the lot description in which the

three storey pay parking facility can be constructed. Mrs.Enrile's lot worth was estimated at

200 million pesos according to her.

Figure 6: Lot Description of Proposed Location

34
As Engineer Bermundo suggested that the property of Mrs. Enrile is the perfect geographical

location to construct the facility, it is in the range of Centro Naga City, where vehicles and

other modes of transportation are congested due to a lack of parking spaces that causes heavy

traffic flow, especially in rush hours. PSO and LTO-The Public Safety Office (PSO) and Land

Transportation Office (LTO) are the government agencies that deal with the traffic situation.

On February 11, 2023, The researchers conducted an interview with Mr. Rene Absalon

Abiada of the Public Safety Office, and he gave us data on the number of traffic violations in

Naga City. He also referred to the Department of Public Works and Highway District 3,

located in Canaman, Camarines Sur, to obtain the traffic volume data in Naga City.

Figure 7:Illegal Parking Violation (January -March2023)

Figure 7 shows the number of illegal parking spaces in Naga City -within the month

of January until March 2023 for vehicles such as four-wheel vehicles and motorcycles. The

Public Safety Office (PSO) recorded a total of 46 (4-wheel) and 190 (motorcycle) violations

within the month of January. In February 2023, the agency gathered a total of 105 (4-wheel)

35
and 297 (motorcycle) violators. In March 2023, the violations for four-wheel vehicles were

149, while for motorcycles, there were 318 that had been recorded. With the increasing

number of vehicles, the number of violations is also increasing. The main reason is that the

space allotted for parking areas is limited. The numerous violations also increase the number

of vehicles being wheel clamped in no-parking areas, as Mr. Abiada mentioned.

Figure 8 shows the total number of vehicles being wheel clamped from January 2023

until March 2023. The figure shows that the number of vehicles that have been wheel

clamped for the month of January 2023 is 18 vehicles. In the month of February, the agency

recorded a total of 99 vehicles, and for the month of March, 121 vehicles have been recorded

by the Public Safety Office (PSO).

Figure 8:Total Number of Vehicle Wheel Clamped

Figure 9. Traffic Volume in Region V

36
 Figure 9:Annual Average Daily Traffic

Department of Public Works and Highways(DPWH) Engineer Ronald John Buena of the

Department of Works and Highways of District 3, Province of Camarines Sur, gave us the

latest data on the traffic volume on different roads in Region V. Figure 9 shows the latest

annual daily traffic data gathered by the DPWH Region V.

In figure 3, the research for constructing a multi-level parking facility will run across the

Naga-Carolina-Panicuason Road as the geographical location of the structure is located at

Barangay San Francisco, Naga City. The data also shows the large number of vehicles

passing by on Naga-Carolina-Panicuason Road.

37
4.2 Survey

Table 3. Q1: Do you think there is a need for additional parking in the area in

order to lessen the traffic?

RESPONDENT YES NO

VEHICLE OWNERS 22 3

COMMUTERS 15 0

RESIDENT 8 2

TOTAL 45 5

PERCENTAGE 90% 10%

According to the information in Table 3 above, 22 out of 25 car owners support creating more

parking spaces (Table 3). They assert that by doing this, the amount of time needed to find

parking in the CBD will be decreased. Three (3) people gave the "no" response and said they

would rather park in front of their office. The fifteen (15) commuters appreciate the extra

parking. They assert that it will lessen the current parking availability. Additionally, eight

residents supported the extra parking, while two others opposed it for unknown reasons. 90%

of respondents agreed, and 10% disagreed.

Table 4. Q2: Do you support the construction of a multi storey parking building

in the proposed location?

RESPONDENT YES NO

VEHICLE OWNERS 21 4

38
 COMMUTERS 15 0

RESIDENT 8 2

TOTAL 44 6

PERCENTAGE 88% 12%

A multi-story parking structure's proposed location was given the nod by 21 car owners. The

21 car owners assert that the proposed parking is quite practical for them because it is situated

inside Naga's CBD. Twenty-five passengers agreed with the viewpoint. They assert that the

suggested location is prominently displayed and easily accessible. Eight out of ten locals

believe that the proposed location will benefit them in the coming years. Yet, 12 think there

are better areas to build the multi-level parking because they disagree with the suggested

location. 88% of respondents overall agreed, while 12% disagreed.

Table 5. Q3: How satisfied are you in the current parking situation in the CBD of Naga?

RESPONDENT VERY UNSATISFIED OKAY SATISFIE VERY

UNSATIS D SATISFIED

FIED

VEHICLE 3 17 5 0 0

OWNERS

COMMUTERS 1 12 2 0 0

RESIDENT 1 8 1 0 0

39
 TOTAL 5 37 8 0 0

PERCENTAGE 10% 74% 16%

Table 5 shows the level of satisfaction with the existing parking issue in Naga's CBD among

the fifty respondents. Data reveals that 10% of them expressed being extremely dissatisfied,

while 74% are dissatisfied and 16% are indifferent. According to 74%, they are having a hard

time locating a parking spot around the CBD of Naga since there are not enough facilities to

accommodate a vehicle. The rate of satisfaction is very low based on this survey question. It

is very evident that the current state of parking is not in the best condition as of the present

times.

Table 6. Q4: How long does it take to find a parking space in the area?

CLASSIFICATIO 5-10mins 10-20 mins 30mins

N OF VEHICLE

CAR 5 7 0

MOTORCYCLE 15 0 0

VAN 1 3 1

AUV/SUV 6 12 0

OTHERS 0 0 0

TOTAL 27 22 1

PERCENTAGE 54% 44% 2%

40
Table 6 shows how long it takes to locate parking in the neighborhood. 5 to 10 minutes are

needed in 54% of cases to find parking. 2% take 30 minutes, whereas 44% take 10 to 20

minutes. In 54%, the majority is a motorcycle; in 44%, the majority is an AUV or SUV; and

in 2%, a van.. The scarcity of parking spaces is very evident due to the length of time that

parkers allocate their time to in order to find available parking spaces, this also shows that the

current parking supply is not up to par with the demand for parking spaces.

Table 7. Q5 Would you be willing to pay for parking in the proposed parking building?

RESPONDENT YES NO

VEHICLE OWNERS 22 3

COMMUTERS 14 1

RESIDENT 8 2

TOTAL 44 6

PERCENTAGE 88% 12%

Table 7 shows that 22 car owners, 14 commuters, and 8 residents are all willing to pay for

parking in the proposed parking facility. They claim they are prepared to pay because they are

confident without a shadow of a doubt that their car is in capable hands. 12 disagree because

they want it to be free, though. 88% of the respondents are willing to pay, and 12% are not.

Table 8. Q6: How would you rate the safety of your current parking area?

41
 RESPONDENT VERY UNSATISFIED OKAY SATISFIED VERY

UNSATI SATISFIED

SFIED

VEHICLE OWNERS 3 18 4 0 0

COMMUTERS 1 13 1 0 0

RESIDENT 0 8 2 0 0

TOTAL 4 39 7 0 0

PERCENTAGE 8% 78% 14%

Table 8 shows that 8% of the respondents are extremely dissatisfied with their existing

parking situation in terms of safety. They claim that the parking they have is their last resort

for finding a place to park and run their fast errands. 78% of respondents said they were

dissatisfied with their parking situation at the moment. They claim that it is quite difficult to

locate a secure parking space along Naga City's main street. 14% of the respondents said they

were fine with it.

42
Road Network Inventory

Figure 10:Available parking space in Naga City

This figure shows the total number of available parking spaces in the selected locations. This

data was necessary in determining the total number of available parking spaces in the

designated locations.

The inventory of parking facilities in the study area revealed total available parking spaces of

221. This is only considering 7 on-streets parking sites and one off street parking. The

on-street parking areas are Elias Angeles, Kinastillohan, Arana, Barlin, Diaz and Penafrancia

Street. In totality there are 199 designated for on street parking and only 22 off street parking

spaces.

43
4.3 Parking Studies

4.3.1 Parking Characteristics

This figure shows the total number of vehicles parked in the available parking space at

specific times. By analyzing the result of this data, it was determined which specific peak

parking time was in the CBD of Naga City.The data on parking accumulation provides

insights into the patterns and trends throughout the day. Starting at 8:00 A.M., there were 156

parked vehicles, which gradually increased to a peak of 202 at 11:00 A.M. This indicates a

steady rise in parking demand during the morning hours. From 11:00 A.M. to 1:00 P.M., the

number of parked vehicles decreased to 192, suggesting a slight decline in parking

accumulation during the early afternoon. Between 1:00 P.M. and 4:00 P.M., the number of

parked vehicles remained relatively stable, fluctuating between 181 and 192. This indicates a

consistent level of parking accumulation during this period. Towards the end of the day, from

4:00 P.M. to 5:00 P.M. There was a slight increase in the number of parked vehicles, with the

value rising from 181 to 185. This suggests a potential increase in parking demand during the

late afternoon. Overall, the data reveals a peak in parking accumulation during the morning

hours, followed by a stable period in the early afternoon and a slight increase towards the end

of the day. These findings can be valuable for understanding parking patterns and making

informed decisions regarding parking management strategies.

44
4.4 Parking Accumulation

Figure 11: Parking Accumulation Curve

Table 9:Summary of Hourly Parking Demand and Utilization

Time Parking Demand/Supply Time Parking Demand/Supply

Demand (Utilization) Demand (Utilization)

8:00 A.M 156 70.58% 1:00 P.M. 192 86.87%

8:30 A.M 178 80.54% 1:30 P.M 188 85.07%

9:00 A.M. 194 87.78% 2:00 P.M 184 83.26%

9:30 A.M. 195 88.24% 2:30 P.M. 186 84.16%

10:00 A.M 195 88.24% 3:00 P.M 191 86.43%

10:30 A.M 201 90.95% 3:30 P.M. 191 86.42%

11:00 A.M 202 91.40% 4:00 P.M. 181 81.90%

45
 Time Parking Demand/Supply Time Parking Demand/Supply

Demand (Utilization) Demand (Utilization)

11:30 A.M 195 88.24% 4:30 P.M. 179 80.99%

12:00 A.M 196 88.68% 5:00 P.M. 185 83.71%

Table (9) provides a summary of parking demand and utilization each 30 minutes for

available parking supply.

According to the data above, parking demand is on the rise from early morning to

lunchtime, peaking between 10:30 AM and 11:00 AM. This suggests that there would be a

greater requirement for parking during these times. There is also a comparatively high

demand for parking around these times, with a usage rate ranging from 90.95% to 91.40%.

This suggests that there could not be as much parking available during these times, which

could lead to congestion or a lack of parking. Compared to the midday peak, parking demand

declines slightly in the late afternoon, although it still stays high. Parking spots are still

needed during these hours, as seen by utilization rates that range from 80.99% to 86.87%.

Table 10:Values of Parking Turnover for each street

Street Elias Kinast Plaza Arana Barlin Gen. Diaz Penafr Total

name Ange illohan Quezo Luna ancia

les n

46
 No, Of 80 46 22 14 7 10 13 30 220

Spaces spaces

Study 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

period

in hrs

No. of 338 194 114 55 36 37 50 103 925

diff

vehicles

parked

Vehicles 0.528 0.4291 0.6477 0.5 0.625 0.4625 0.4807 0.4291 0.5231

900452
per 125 666667 272727 692308 666667

space

per

hour

Table (2) provides data about the turnover rates per street in Vehicles per hour

The data shows that Plaza Quezon has the highest turnover rate of 0.6477272727 and

only 22 parking spaces; it suggests a significant demand for parking in this area. The high

turnover rate indicates that parking spaces are frequently utilized, Similarly, Barlin street has

a high turnover rate of 0.625 with only 7 parking spaces. This indicates a clear shortage of

parking spaces for the number of vehicles seeking parking. A parking building would greatly

enhance the parking capacity and address the parking needs of the area. Although some

streets have moderate turnover rates, they still demonstrate the need for additional parking

47
infrastructure. With moderate turnover rates, it suggests a consistent demand for parking

throughout the study period. However when computing for the total number of spaces it was

found out that the turnover will be 0.5231900452 the researchers can use this data to simulate

the number of parkers that will go into the parking building.

4.5 Parking Duration

Table 11: Parking Duration

Number of times Approximate Vehicles (total=925)

each vehicle was duration of

Number Percentage
seen per interval parking in Hours

1 .5 247 26.7%

2 1.0 243 26.27%

3 1.5 116 12.54%

4 2 96 10.38%

5-6 2.5-3.0 95 10.27%

7-8 3.5-4.0 89 9.62%

8+ 4.0+ 39 4.22%

total=925 total=100%

The first two intervals, with 26.7% parking for roughly 0.5 hours (1 interval) and 26.27%

48
parking for roughly 1.0 hour (2 intervals), contain the most frequent parking times. This

indicates a sizable percentage of short-term parking, where cars are left parked for a short

time, probably for quick errands or brief visits. The data also shows that a sizable percentage

of cars park there for lengthier periods of time. 12.54% of people park for about 1.5 hours (3

intervals), whereas 10.38% park for about 2 hours (4 intervals). This points toward a

moderate. 9.62% of vehicles park for roughly 3.5 to 4.0 hours (7-8 intervals), compared to

10.27% who park for a shorter but still significant 2.5 to 3.0 hours (5-6 intervals). This

suggests that a significant number of vehicles are stopping for a prolonged amount of time,

possibly for events, appointments, or leisure pursuits. 4.22 % of automobiles are left parked

for four or more hours. These cars are examples of those who may have been parked for

extended durations due to business, leisure, or other activities requiring a lengthier stay.

4.5.1 Average Parking Duration

Using the Formula for Average parking duration, it was determined that the average duration

for the whole parking spaces that was surveyed and monitored was 1.554 hours per vehicle.

The average parking duration indicates the typical length of time vehicles occupy the parking

spaces. In this case, the average parking duration is 1.554 hours per vehicle.

4.6 Proposal Plan

This proposal aims to address the current parking issues by providing a proposed three storey

pay parking facility. The proposed three storey pay parking plan has a dimension of sixty

meters by width and forty meters by length and has a capacity of one hundred fifty parking

spaces. The proposed architectural plans were made in autocad and in sketchup. For the

design of beam and slab and column computation is based on the extracted data from the

structural analysis software which is the Etabs software.

49
Figure 12: 3D Model of the Proposed Three Storey Pay Parking in Etabs

50
Figure 13: Front View of The Proposed Three Storey Pay Parking Facility

51
Figure 14: Ground Floor Plan

52
Figure 15: Second Floor Plan

53
Figure 16: Third Floor Plan

54
Figure 17: Roof Deck Plan

55
Figure 18: Front View Elevation Plan

56
Figure 19: Rear View Elevation Plan

57
Figure 20: Left View Elevation Plan

58
Figure 21: Right View Elevation Plan

59
Figure 22: Foundation Plan

60
Figure 23: Tie Beam Layout

61
Figure 24: Second and Third Floor Beam Layout

62
Figure 25: Roof Deck Beam Layout

63
Figure 26: C1-F1 Detail

64
Figure 27: Footing Detail

65
Figure 28: Schedule of Column

66
Figure 29: Typical Slab Detail

67
Figure 30: Slab Section

68
Figure 31: Typical Beam Detail

69
Figure 32: Schedule of Beam

70
Expected Costs

Arcadis Construction Estimate for Multi Level Parking

Services PRICE RANGE PRICE USED

ELECTRICAL SERVICES 1,800 3300 2,550
MECHANICAL SERVICES 650 2210 1,430
FIRE SERVICES 1,020 1960 1,490
PLUMBING SERVICES 1,160 2210 1,685
CONSTRUCTION SERVICES 20035 31322 25678.5
Estimated Cost per Discipline

Services per sqm min per sqm max price used

ELECTRICAL SERVICES 1,800 3300 2,550
MECHANICAL SERVICES 650 2210 1,430
FIRE SERVICES 1,020 1960 1,490
PLUMBING SERVICES 1,160 2210 1,685
CONSTRUCTION SERVICES 20035 31322 25678.5
Lump sum estimate for the Parking building

Material Total Labor Total Total Labor

Cost per Floor Material Cost cost per Floor Cost per
Services sqm Area per discipline sqm Area Discipline
ELECTRICAL
SERVICES 1530 10320 15789600 1020 10320 10526400
MECHANICA
L SERVICES 858 10320 8854560 572 10320 5903040
FIRE
SERVICES 894 10320 9226080 596 10320 6150720
PLUMBING
SERVICES 1011 10320 10433520 674 10320 6955680
CONSTRUCT
ION
SERVICES 15407.1 10320 159001272 10271.4 10320 106000848

71
 TOTAL
MATERI TOTAL
AL LABOR
COST 203305032 COST 135536688

Revenues

If there are 150 slots and the turnover rate for each slot is 0.52319 vehicles per hour, it

will be possible to calculate the total number of vehicles that parked in 12 hours using the

following formula:

Total vehicles = Turnover rate per slot * Number of slots * time of study in hrs

Total vehicles = 0.52319 vehicles per hour * 190 slots * 12 hours

Total vehicles = 1193 vehicles per day

Rounding the total vehicles to the nearest whole number, it is possible to estimate that

approximately 1193 vehicles parked in the 190 slots during the 12-hour period. The possible

total parkers for the parking building is 1193 vehicles per day.

Economic Indicators

For the purpose of the economic evaluation of the project, one conomic indicators

have been adopted, specifically payback period.

72
 Table 12:Estimated annual revenues in PHP.

Number of Cars Car parking Fee Revenue per Day in Annual Net Profit

per Day PHP in PHP

1193 Php 20 23860 8707900

Table 13:Commercial Space Annual Revenue

Commercial Spaces Price per space Total monthly Annual Monthly

Revenue Revenue

5 15000 75000 900000

Annual Net Profit for Annual Net Profit for Total Annual Revenue
parking Commercial Space

PHP 8707900 PHP 900000 PHP 9607900

Payback period

𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡
Payback period= 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒

₱338841720
9607900
= 35.2669 years

Which means that the investor will have their investment back after 35.2669 years of

operating the project

73
Simulation

A total of 11, 763 vehicles were counted from Naga to Carolina Road and 16,085

vehicles were counted from Carolina to Naga Road, according to the annual average daily

traffic data obtained from the office of the Department of Public Works and Highways.

Figure 33: Vehicular Traffic Flow

Simulation for the current traffic in Naga Carolina Road

Simulation 1 presents the road map of the Naga Carolina Road. At the northern end of

Penafrancia Avenue, near the NagaLand E-mall, there is a one-way provision in place. The

road allows traffic to flow only in a southbound direction from Penafrancia Avenue.

This means that vehicles entering Penafrancia Avenue from any other connecting roads in the

vicinity must travel southbound. Vehicles are not permitted to proceed northbound on

Penafrancia Avenue from this point. Vehicles wanting to go northbound should enter Diaz

street in order to get to their destination.

74
 Figure 34: Simulation 1

Simulation for the traffic in Naga Carolina Road with the Implementation of a Parking

Building.

Figure 35: Vehicular Traffic Flow

75
In simulating the traffic flow for the Naga-Carolina Road with the implementation of a

parking building, the researchers used the data of the total turnover of vehicles which was

925 vehicles per 8 hours, that data was necessary in determining the vehicles entering and

exiting the parking building. The simulation that was used had limited features therefore, the

researchers used 2 roads for entrance and exit of vehicles in order to simulate the possible

effects of the parking building on the ongoing traffic. It was observed that the parking

building did not pose any observable problem that contributes to the ongoing traffic in the

Naga-Carolina Road.

Figure 36: Simulation 2

76
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

Traffic congestion and lack of available public parking spaces are one of the problems

that the Local Government Of Naga faces. This study has shown that the government

still needs to have more parking spaces in order to accomodate the lack of parking

spaces that causes more violations and traffic in specific areas. The researchers

suggested that parking space in this study which is along Penafrancia road may not be

affordable due to the price of the lot itself as Mrs. Enrile said, but the suggested

structure and plans in this study will surely help to address the traffic congestion and

lack of parking spaces in Centro Naga City. The findings with the surveys and

interview that has been conducted by the researchers shows that many of the private

vehicle drivers and commuters are willing to pay for a safe and convenient parking

space in the said area. Through these multi-level parking facilities this will ensure that

the vehicles will have more spaces,convenient and safe locations to be parked.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study has given light about the challenges and issues about the

current state of parking in Naga, CBD. In order to support the idea for a new parking facility,

the research technique included conducting interviews and a license plate survey to acquire

insightful information on the current state of parking. The researchers learned about parking

demand, user preferences, and identified problems experienced by parking users through the

survey questionnaire. Information about parking occupancy, duration, and behavior was

obtained via the license plate survey.

The survey questionnaire made it clear that the current state of parking wasn't up to

77
par with demand; users complained that it was hard to obtain places and that they frequently

ran into problems like unlawful parking. These conclusions were supported by the license

plate survey results, which revealed high occupancy rates and low turnover in the

investigated area.

It is obvious that more parking infrastructure is urgently needed based on the findings

from both sources. The suggested parking structure would supply enough parking places,

address the current parking issues, and accommodate customer preferences. It should have

the features and facilities mentioned in the survey questionnaires to ensure comfort and a

pleasurable parking experience.

In addition, based on the information that the researchers have gathered from the

different agencies interviewed also gave additional information about the current parking

situation in the CBD of Naga City. The data collected about the illegal parking violations also

painted a clear picture that the parkers rely on illegal parking because of the lack of available

parking spaces in the CBD of Naga City

In conclusion, the surveys of license plates and interviews produced useful

information on the obstacles, behavior, and demand for parking. The study backs up the idea

for a new parking structure and underlines the value of thoughtful design and management

approaches to satisfy parking users' needs and improve the neighborhood's parking

environment as a whole.

78
Recommendations

The researchers offer the following recommendations to further enhance the study.

1. Make use of a better simulation application in order to simulate the flow of traffic

with respect to the effects of the queueing of vehicles going into and out of the

parking building to be more precise.

2. Propose a complete set of plans including the mechanical, electrical, plumbing and

other aspects of the design in order to come up with a more precise estimate of the

total cost of the parking building.

3. In the computation of revenues consider the possible income of the parking building

after the Return of Investment has been achieved.

4. Find a different or even better location for the parking building to be constructed in,

while also putting into consideration the geographical location, price of lot,zoning

regulations, and other factors that affect the efficiency of the parking building. It will

also be beneficial if the land will be government owned so that the price of the lot will

not be a problem in terms of reaching the Return of Investment, or if the lot was

owned by the ones who will construct the multi level parking building.

79
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2022).

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APPENDIX

84
 APPENDICES

Appendix 1: City Planning Development Office - Naga City Received Request Letter for

the lot description of the proposed three storey parking

85
Appendix 2: Public Safety Office - Naga City Received Request Letter

86
Appendix 3: Department of Public Work and Highway Office - Canaman, Camarines

Sur Received Request Letter

87
 Appendix 4: The Survey Questionnaire

RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE

PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A MULTI LEVEL PAY PARKING IN CENTRO

NAGA

We are 4th year Ateneo de Naga University students studying civil engineering. Please give

us a moment of your time and cooperation to respond to this brief question. This will be used

in our thesis paper. Thank you very much!

1.Do you think there is a need for additional parking in the area in order to lessen the traffic?

Yes or No?

2. Do you support the construction of a multi storey parking building in the proposed

location? Yes or No?

3. How satisfied are you in the current parking situation in the CBD of Naga?

Very Unsatisfi Oka Satis Very

unsatisfi ed y fied Satisfied

88
 ed

4. Do you own a vehicle? Yes Or No ?

If yes check below:

Car____ Motorcycle____ Van___ AUV/SUV____ others/please specify______________

5. How long does it take to find a parking space in the area?

5-10mins___ 10-20mins____ 30mins____

5. Would you be willing to pay for parking in the proposed parking building? Yes or no?

6. How would you rate the safety of your current parking area?

89
Very Unsatisfi Oka Satisfi Very

unsatisfi ed y ed Satisfi

ed ed

90
 Appendix 5: Summary of Hourly Parking Demand and UtilizationAppendix

Appendix 6: Parking Turnover Rate per Street

91
Appendix 7: Department of Public Works and Highways - Annual Average Daily Traffic

92
Appendix 8:Data Used For The Design Of Column, Beam, Slab and Footing

Column

93
Tie beam

94
95
96
97
2ND FLOOR BEAM

98
99
100
3RD FLOOR

101
102
ROOF BEAM

103
104
105
106
107
SLAB

CASE 2 ( CENTER)

108
Case 9 (CORNER)

109
110
Case 4( SIDE AND BOTTOM MIDDLE )

111
112
CASE 8

113
114
115
Design of Footing

116
117
118
119
120
121
122
 Appendix 9 : Cost Estimate

MATERIALS
UNIT PRICE
MATERIAL PRICE LIST

Cement ₱262.00 bag ₱445,396.00

CHB 100mm ₱30.00 pc ₱72,000.00

CHB 150mm ₱32.00 pc ₱4,640.00

Gravel G3/4 ₱1,600.00 cu.m. ₱5,171,377.50

Reinforcing Steel Bars

20mm diameter ₱665.00 pc ₱1,346,765.00

Reinforcing Steel Bars

12mm diameter ₱355.00 pc ₱10,551,574.00

Reinforcing Steel Bars

10mm diameter ₱175.00 pc ₱45,293.00

Sand ₱1,432.00 cu.m. ₱1,920.75

Tie wire #16 ₱1,800.00 kg ₱359,153.00

TOTAL

ESTIMATE ₱17,998,119.25

123
Appendix 10 :Individual Duration of vehicles Parking

124
125
126
127
128
Appendix 11: License Plate Survey Data.

129
130
131
Appendix 12: Resume

132
133
134