Reviewer in Genchem

REVIEWER
CHEMISTRY- it is the study of matter; their properties, structure, and the changes they undergo
.
MATTER- it refers to anything that occupies space and has mass.
PLASMA- discovered by William Crookes in 1879

no fixed shape/volume, less dense than solid and liquid
charged gas
ionization
the most common state of matter in the universe
Examples of Plasma
fluorescent light, auroras, stars, neon lights, fireball, flasme, lightning, comet’s ball
B.E CONDENSATE- Satyendra Nth Bose & Albert Einstein

absolute zero
atoms clump together
cornell, ketterle, wieman
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Color- appearance or quality of an object with respect to the reflection of light.
Mass- total quantity of matter present in an object.
Volume- measure of the amount of space occupied by an object.
Density- ratio between mass and volume of the substance; it is expressed either in kg/m3 or
g/L.
Electrical Conductivity-measure of how well electric currents move through a substance.
Thermal Conductivity- rate at which a substance transfers heat.
Solubility- ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.
Malleability- ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into various shapes like aluminum,
gold and iron.
Ductivity- property of metal associated with the ability to be hammered thin or stretched into
wire without breaking.
Bioling Point- temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid into gas.
Acidity and Basicity- Anything with a very low pH is acidic, while substances with a high pH
are alkaline.
Flammability- ability of a substance to burn like wood, paper.
Reactivity- substance’s tendency to undergo a chemical reaction, either by itself or with other
materials, and to release energy.
PHYSICAL PROPERTY is measured without changing a substance`s chemical identity.

Classified as intensive and extensive properties.
CHEMICAL PROPERTY is measured only by changing the substance`s identity.
CONSUMER PRODUCT - is the final good that is bought by individuals or households for personal use.
FOOD AND NUTRITION - The food that we eat is a mixture of various chemicals.
By virtue of Republic Act 7394 or the Consumer Act of the Philippines, almost all food products in the grocery
store are labelled with nutritional facts.
B. Amount of Calories
A Calarie is a way to measure how much energy food provides to your body, The Calories from fat tells you
how many Calories in that serving comes from fat.
C. Fat
Total Fat shows how much fat is in a single serving of food. Our bodies need some fat everyday, but eating
too much of it can lead to obesity and health problems.
Benefitsof FATS
> An important source of energy and provides protection for the skin, bones, and internal organs,
> Also distributes and helps the body store certain vitamins.
Two kinds of FATS

1, Unsaturated Fats - Which are found in vegetable oils, nuts, and fish, are often called good fats because they don’t
raise cholesterol levels,
2, Saturated Fats ( Trans fat ) - considered as bad because they can increase a person’s risk of developing Heart
disease, Usually came from animal products like cheese, meat, and ice cream
D. CHOLESTEROL
Cholesterol is not entirely bad for you, It is important in producing vitamin D and some hormones, and in
building many other substances in the body.
The Liver manufactures most of the cholesterol that a person needs, but cholesterol is also found in some of
the food like meat and fish.
Two major Types of Cholesterol

High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) - The Good Kind
Low-Density Lipopretein (LDL) - The Bad Kind. Because too much of LDL cholesterol in a person’s blood can
contribute to the build up of atherosclerotic plaque > Cardiovascular Diseases.
E. SODIUM
Sodium is a component of salt, Almost all food contain sodium because it adds flavor and helps preserve food,
Processed, Packaged, and Canned foods have more sodium than freshly made food.
Small amount of sodium keep proper body fluid balanced ( electrolytes ).
But too much can increase water retention and blood preasure that will lead to health problems.
F. TOTAL CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates provides energy for the body,
Best sources of carbohydrates are fruits and vegetables, along with whole grain food like cereals, breads
G. FIBER
Fiber helps keep digestive system healthy.
Fiber can also help reduce cholesterol levels.
It has no calories and it can help you feel full.
H. PROTEIN
Proteins are the building blocks of the body because all body cells are made up of protein. If the body does not get enough
fat and carbohydrates, it can use protein for energy.
I. VITAMINS AND MINERALS

Vitamins serve a variety of functions in the body. They serve as co-enzymes for metabolism of different nutrients,
contribute to the regulation of energy, and help the immune system.
Minerals are important in regulating various body functions. Calcium likewise important to bone, muscle, nerve and
blood development and function.
J. PERCENT DAILY VALUE

These percentages show the amounts of nutrients an average person will get from eating one serving of that food,
4. Directions for Use and Storage

Another way to make sure it is safe is to follow “refrigenerate once opened”,”store in a cool dark place”, and other directions
for its use and storage.
K. DETERGENTS AND SOAPS

Detergents and Soaps are mixture of chemicals with cleaning properties. They are manufactured in chemical industries
through saponification of fatty acids.
Common chemicals used in soap industries are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic
acid etc.
*acid(soap) + base (lye) = salt (soap)
L. MEDICINE AND DRUGS- These are made of chemicals which are produced in pharmaceutical industries. The chemical
nature of drugs helps doctors to determine how drugs are going to interact with a patient’s body.
M. BUILDING MATERIALS- Chemistry governs the performance of buildings. Building materials play a significant role in
improving the performance of buildings. Coating chemicals like acrylics, silicones urethanes are responsible for reflective
roofs, which decreases the heat transfer.
N. PAPER AND PULP INDUSTRY- Paper and pulp industries are facing grave challenges to meet environmental norms.
Pollutants released from these industries are sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, heavy metals (lead cadmium,
mercury).
O. FUEL INDUSTRY- Today’s transportation (land, water, and air) is possible because of these fuels. These fuel are
extracted from crude oil found beneath the earth or oceans.
P. BATTERIES- used in cars, cell phones, laptops, watches, flashlights, and many other power storage applications. Batteries
work based on the principle of electrochemistry.
Q. AGRICULTURE- It deals with plant nutrition, the interaction between soil and fertilizers added to that soil, as well as the
types of fertilizers and how they must be administered to improve plant life, quality of the yield and the quality of the soil.
R. FORENSIC CHEMISTRY- Chemical techniques used by forensic investigators are spectroscopy chromatography, X-ray
diffractometry, colour tests, melting point analysis etc.

Reviewer in Genchem

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Reviewer in Genchem

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Reviewer in Genchem

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

REVIEWER

PLASMA- discovered by William Crookes in 1879

B.E CONDENSATE- Satyendra Nth Bose & Albert Einstein

PHYSICAL PROPERTY is measured without changing a substance`s chemical identity.

Two kinds of FATS

Two major Types of Cholesterol

Small amount of sodium keep proper body fluid balanced ( electrolytes ).

I. VITAMINS AND MINERALS

J. PERCENT DAILY VALUE

4. Directions for Use and Storage

K. DETERGENTS AND SOAPS

You might also like