Master Plan Onn Skin Disorders

MASTER PLAN ON
nursing care of child with skin

disorders
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

DR. SUJATHA.S K. SIVASAKTHI,
HOD, M.SC NURSING I YEAR,
DEPT. OF CHILD HEALTH CON- PIMS.
NURSING,
CON- PIMS.
SUBMITTED ON
NURSING CARE OF CHILD WITH SKIN DISORDERS
Introduction
Skin is the largest and most superficial organ of the body. Nearly one third of the paediatrics out
patients visit involves dermatological conditions. In addition to wide variety of primary
childhood, skin is a marker of underlying systemic disease.
Functions of Skin
1. Protection
2. Temperature regulation
3. Excretion
4. Synthesis
5. Sensory receptor
BACTERIAL SKIN INFECTIONS
1. IMPETIGO
One of the most common rashes among the children is impetigo-a skin infection that mainly affects
Infants and children.
Impetigo usually appears on the face, especially around a child’s nose and mouth and although it
commonly occurs when bacteria enter the skin through cuts or insect bites, it can also develop in
skin that’s perfectly healthy.
Impetigo starts as a red sore that quickly ruptures, oozes for a few days and then forms a yellowish-
brown crust that looks like honey or brown sugar.
The disease is highly contagious and scratching or touching the sores is likely to spread the
infection to other parts of the body as well as to other people.Impetigo is seldom serious and minor
infections May clear on their own in two to three weeks. But because impetigo can sometimes lead
to complications, needs treatment with an antibiotic ointment or oral antibiotics.
2. CELLULITIS
Cellulitis is the inflammation of skin cells or cellular or connective tissue resulting from a
generalized infection, usually with Staphylococcus or Streptococcus spp.
3. FOLLICULITIS, BOILS AND CARBUNCLES

Folliculitis:
▪ Folliculitis is an infection of the hair follicles. Folliculitis usually appears as small, white
headed pimples around one or more hair follicles, the tiny pockets from which each hair
grows.
▪ Most infections ae superficial and they may itch, but on occasion they are painful
▪ Superficial folliculitis often clears by itself in a few days but deep or recurring folliculitis
may need medical treatment.
Boils:
Boils are painful. Pus filled lesions that are located under the skin caused by infected, inflamed
hair follicles.
Carbuncles:
A group of pus filled boils forming a connected area of infection under the skin.
4. STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME

It is an exfoliative dermatitis in which most of the body surface becomes tender and erythematous
and the superficial epidermis strips off. Neonates and children less than 6 years are most
commonly affected.
VIRAL SKIN INFECTION
1. GERMAN MEASLES (RUBELLA)
The term Rubella is the plural of the latin word 'Rubellus' meaning red spots.
German measles is an acute, infectious, viral disease usually affecting older children and
young adults.
It is caused by an RNA virus of the toga virus family.
It is clinically characterized by mild prodromal Symptoms, low-grade fever, typical
maculopapular rashes and painful cervical lymphadenopathy.
It is mild exanthematous (eruptive) disease of a short duration (about 3 days), causing much
less inconvenience to the patient than common cold.
It can damage the growing fetus if a pregnant woman gets this disease.
The rubella causes congenital abnormalities, low-birth-weight babies and fetal death.
2. Measles (Rubeola)
1. The word ‘Measles’ is an Anglo-saxon word, derived from the word mascles which means
spots
2. Rubeola means red spot (Rubo means Redness, Ola means Spots).
3. Measles is an acute highly infectious disease (90% secondary attack rate).
4. It is caused by a specific virus of paramyxovirus group.
5. It is common among young children, clinically characterized by fever, Catarrhal symptoms
(coryza, cough) followed by typical rash. Four k’s cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik
spot
6. It has a high fatality and morbidity rate in developing countries.
3. WARTS:
1. Warts are small, firm bumps on the s skin caused by viruses in the human papillomavirus
(HPV)family
2. Between 10% to 20% of children have common skin warts and can affect any area of the body.
3. They are often seen around the fingernails, on the face, and near the knees.
4. Girls have more chances to get warts than boys.
5. Warts are most prevalent in children between the ages of 12 and 16.
6. Warts are contagious, but typically harmless.
PARASITIC SKIN INFECTIONS

Parasites on the skin are usually small inset or worms that burrow into the skin to live there or
lay their eggs. It causesa small red rash and intense itching, It is highly Contagious and can
spread from child to child. It is an infestation of tiny mites on the skin.
1. Scabies
Etiology/Cause
1. Scabies is caused by the female itch mite (Sarcoptes Scabiei).
2. It is prevalent during periods of overcrowding and Occurs in all age groups and socioeconomic
levels.
FUNGAL INFECTIONS
1. TINEA
Tinea is a dermatophyte fungal infection of the skin that involves overgrowths of plant like
organisms that consume organic matter.
Tinea infections involve multiple body sites:
a. Tinea pedis (athelete's foot)
b. Tinea cruris-groin (jock itch)
c. Tinea corporis-smooth body surfaces (ring-worm)
d. Tinea capitis-scalp
e. Tinea unguium (onchomycosis) )-fingernails or more common in toe nails.
2. CANDIDIASIS
Candidiasis is a fungal infection of the skin or mucous membranes. Different terms are used
depending on the area of infection:
1. Paronychia candidiasis is a fungal infection: affecting the nail folds.
2. Intertrigo affecting the areas include axillary, inframammary, groin and perianal regions.
3. Oral thrush affecting the oral mucosa.
4. Vaginal candidiasis is a yeast infection n affecting the vaginal mucosa.
5. Perleche (Angular Cheilitis) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the corners of the mouth.
Nursing diagnosis
• Acute pain related to Blistering and erosion
• Fluid volume deficit and electrolyte imbalance related to fluid discharge from the skin.
• Impaired skin integrity related to ruptured blisters
• Disturbed body image related to Appearance of the skin.
• Risk for infection Related to loss of the protective barrier of the skin.
• Anxiety related to physical appearance of the skin and prognosis.
Bibliography
Book reference
• Pushpendra magon, Textbook of child health nursing”, 1st edition, Jaypee publication, page
no. 446-462.
• “Wong’s essential of pediatric nursing”2nd South Asian edition, Elsevier publisher, page
no: 783-790
• “Parul dutta” Pediatric nursing 3rd edition published by sags, new delhi, page no: 852-856
• Rimple sharma, “essential of pediatric nursing”, 2nd edition, jaypee publication, page no:
496-501
Net reference
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089785/#:~:text=The%2
0most%20common%20diseases%20were,12%E2%80%9316%20years%2
0age%20group

Master Plan Onn Skin Disorders

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Master Plan Onn Skin Disorders

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Master Plan Onn Skin Disorders

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MASTER PLAN ON

nursing care of child with skin

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

3. FOLLICULITIS, BOILS AND CARBUNCLES

4. STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME

PARASITIC SKIN INFECTIONS

You might also like