Week 3

LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Student’s Copy
Don Carlos, Bukidnon

Keep this Module
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
Week: 3 ; Days: 4
School Year: 2020-2021
Topic: Roots and Coefficients of Quadratic and Equations in Quadratic Form

A. Background Information for Learners
A.1 Discriminant – the radicand b 2−4 ac in the quadratic formula. It provides

information regarding the roots of the quadratic equation.
−b ± √ b −4 ac
2
x= Discriminant
2a
NATURE OF THE ROOTS
If a , b∧c are real numbers, and D=b2−4 ac , then the roots of the quadratic
equation a x 2 +bx+ c=0 are:
 If D>0 , real and unequal;
 If D=0, real and equal; or
 D<0 , imaginary and unequal
Moreover, the roots are:
 Rational, if D is a perfect square;
 Irrational, if D is not a perfect square.
Examples:
1. x 2−6 x +9=0
Step 1: Identify the value of your a , b ,∧c

a=1 , b=−6 , c=9
Step 2: Find the discriminant by substituting it to the formula which is
D=b2−4 ac .
2
D=b −4 ac
D= (−6 )2−4(1)(9)
D=36−36
D=0
Step 3: Refer to the nature of roots given above in order to identify the nature
of roots of the given quadratic equation.
Since D=0, the roots of x 2−6 x +9=0 are real, equal and rational.
2. 2 x2 −4 x +5=0
a=2 , b=−4 , c=5
2
D=b −4 ac
2
D= (−4 ) −4 (2)(5)
D=16−40
D=−24
Since D=−24, the roots of 2 x2 −4 x +5=0 are imaginary, unequal and
irrational.
Frequently Ask Question(FAQ): How to identify if the given discriminant

is a perfect square ?
Answer: Simply, take the square root and if it results to a whole
number/integer then the discriminant is a perfect square.
Note: The smallest perfect square is 4 not 1.
*For more examples refer to pages 25-26 of your book.
A.2
Relation of Roots
1. The sum of the roots is the additive inverse of the quotient of b and a.
−b
r 1 +r 2=
a
2. The product of the roots is the quotient of c and a.
C
r 1 . r 2=
a
The relation that exists between the roots of the roots of the quadratic equation that can
be used in checking the validity of the roots can be of best use in deriving the quadratic
equation.
From the general form of a quadratic equation, a x 2 +bx+ c=0 , we have:
2 b c
x + x+ =0
a a
2
x −( r 1 +r 2 ) x + ( r 1 .r 2) =0
( x−r , ) ( x−r 2 ) =0
−b c
User 1 +r 2= and r 1 . r 2=
a a
Example:
1. Solve the equation x 2+ 3 x −28=0. Determine by inspection the sum and product
of the roots and use the results in checking the validity of the equation.
x 2+ 3 x −28=0 Given
(x +7)(x−4 )=0 Factor out the given equation then find
the value of x .
( x +7 ¿ (x−4)
x +7=0 x−4=0 Find the value of x
x=−7 x=4
r 1=−7∧r 2=4 We let r 1and r 2 be the value of your x
a=1 , b=3 , c=−28 Identify the value of your a , b∧c
−b −3 c −28
= =−3 and = =−28 Find the sum and product of the roots.
a 1 a 1
−b C To check the validity of the equation,
r 1 +r 2= and r 1 . r 2=
a a use the given formula above.
−7+ 4=−3 (−7 )( 4 )=−28
−3=−3 −28=−28
 Equations Transformable into Quadratic Equations
Example: Consider the example below in expressing equation into quadratic equation.
6 −x −3 Given. Determine the Least Common

−2=
x 4 Denominator (LCD) of the fractions.
6 −x−3
4 x( −2= ) Multiply the equation by the LCD 4x.
x 4
Arrange the terms on the left side of the
24−8 x=−x 2 +3 x
equation.
Rewrite the equation in general form. So, it
x 2−11 x+24=0 must be in the form a x 2 +bx+ c=0 .
( x−8 )( x−3 )=0 Find the value of x . Since the equation is
factorable so factor the left side of the
equation. (Refer to your first module on how
to factor the equation.)
x−8=0 x−3=0
Therefore, the value of x is 8 and 3.
x=8 x=3
*For more examples refer to pages 34-38 of your book.
B. Learning Competencies with Codes

a. Characterizes the roots of a quadratic equation using the discriminant
M9AL-Ic-1
b. Describes the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a
quadratic equation M9AL-Ic-2
c. Solves Equations transformable to quadratic equations (including rational
algebraic equations.) M9AL-lc-d-1
C. Objectives/ Learning Targets

At the end of the lesson, the leaners must be able to:
1. Solve the discriminant of the equation and describes its nature;
2. Describe the relationship between the coefficient and the roots of a
quadratic equation by solving; and
3. Solves equations transformable to quadratic equations.
D. Directions/ instructions
 For day 1-2, read and understand the background information for
learners from pages 1-2.
 For day 3, answer the activity number 1. For day 4 answer the
activity number 2.
 Return the Learning Activity Sheets and keep this module.
 If you have questions feel free to message your subject teacher via
messenger.
E. Exercises:
Activity 1: Roots of Equation.
Activity 2: Find the value of x .
F. Values Integration
In our life “X” stands for wrong. In every wrong or mistakes that we
have done we must find its value and learned from it.
G. References for Learners

Orines, F.,et. Al,(2018) Next Century Mathematics 9.2nd ed. Phoenix
Publishing house, Inc.
Barrosa, J. et al. (Realistic Math) Published by Sibs.
Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved by:
Ms. Lalaine B. Cosadio Ms. Minnehaha P. Yder, Ms. Lourdes Bernadette B. Ebdalin,
Subject Teacher Vice Principal For Academic Affairs School Principal
Date:_______________ Date:_______________ Date:_______________

LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Return this
Code: Don Carlos, Bukidnon Activity Sheet
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
Week: 3
Name: ________________________________________ Date: ______________

Section:_______________________________________ Score:______________
Activity 1
Determine the nature of the roots of the given equation. Show your solution
neatly and legibly.
1. x 2+ 12 x +35=0
2. Solve the equation and determine by inspection the sum and product of the
roots.
2
x −9 x +20=0
LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
Week: 3
Name: ________________________________________ Date: ______________

Section:_______________________________________ Score:______________
Activity 2:
Solve the value of x . Show your solution neatly and legibly.
p −16
1+ =
10 10 p
LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
Week: 3
ANSWER KEY
Activity 1
Determine the nature of the roots of the given equation. Show your solution
neatly and legibly.
1. x 2+ 12 x +35=0
2. Solve the equation and determine by inspection the sum and product of
the roots.
x 2−9 x +20=0
Activity 2:
Solve the value of x . Show your solution neatly and legibly.
p −16
1+ =
10 10 p

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LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Student’s Copy

Don Carlos, Bukidnon

Topic: Roots and Coefficients of Quadratic and Equations in Quadratic Form

A.1 Discriminant – the radicand b 2−4 ac in the quadratic formula. It provides

Step 1: Identify the value of your a , b ,∧c

Frequently Ask Question(FAQ): How to identify if the given discriminant

6 −x −3 Given. Determine the Least Common

B. Learning Competencies with Codes

C. Objectives/ Learning Targets

G. References for Learners

Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Date:_______ Date:_ Date:_________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: __________________________ Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: __________________________ Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

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