End of Chapter Tests
End of Chapter Tests
End of Chapter Tests
END OF
CHAPTER
TESTS
MATHEMATICS:
H I G H E R L E V E L
E N H A NC E D ON L IN E
Josip Harcet
Rose Harrison
Lorraine Heinrichs
Marlene Torres-Skoumal
/
End of chapter test
n
a
3 The sum of the first n terms of a geometric sequence is Sn 1
3
Find
b the value of n.
b Write down the sum of the first n terms using sigma notation.
6 A geometric sequence has a first term of 2 and a common ratio of 1.05. Find the value of the
smallest term that is greater than 500.
a How much money will Ron have at the end of five years?
Ron will leave his money in the bank until he has more than $10 000.
8 An ice cream sundae menu has six flavours and 4 toppings. How many different types of sundae
can you order if you want two different flavours and 1 topping?
9 Top school has 6 periods in a school day. In how many ways can they organize 5 subjects so that
each subject is allowed at least one period?
Find
The sum of the first two terms of a geometric series is 1 and the sum of its first four terms is 5. If
all of its terms are positive, find
The nth term of a new series is defined as the product of the nth term of the arithmetic series and
the nth term of the geometric series above.
e Show that the nth term of this new series is n 1 2n 1 .
f Using mathematical induction, prove that n 1 2n 1 k2k , k
Answers
1 1 54 4 53 3x 6 5 3x
2 2
4 5 3x 1 3x
3 4
2
1 2x 1 x
5 7
1 5(2x 10 2x ) 1 7x 21x2 1 7x 21x2 10x 70x2 40x2 1 3x 9x2
2
1
a a
3 a u1 S1 1 1
3 3
a
2
a a a
b u2 S2 S1 1 1 1
3
3 3 3
a
r
3
a
c Sum to infinity when . 0 1 .. 0 a 3
3
a
1
u1 3 1
d S
1r a
1
3
n n
4 a Sn
2
u1 un . 90 2 1.5 7.5 n 20
b un u1 n 1 d
6
d
19
5 a un u1 n 1 d 8 n 1 18 18n 10
n
b 18n 10
1
15
c S15
2
(2 8 15 1 18) 2010
6 21.05n1 500
log250
n –1
(or a graphical solution)
log1.05
n –1
1
13.1675
n 115
u115 521
7 a FV 5000 1.063
5
$6786
n 11.345years
8 C26 C14 15 4 60
P56 C15
9 Total number of arrangements 1800
2!
n
10 Sn
2
2u1 (n 1 d
6 11
81
2
2u1 5d and 231
2
(2u1 10d)
2u1 5d 27 u1 5d 21
a u1 6
b d 3
c u1 u1r 1
u1 1 r 1
1
1 r
u1
1 u r u1
1
2
5
1
r 2
d u1 1 2 1
1
u1
3
e Arithmetic series un 3n 3
1 n 1
Geometric series un
3
2
1 n 1
3 n 1
3
2
n 1 2n 1
k
f
Prove Pk : n 1 2n 1 k2k , k
k 1,11 211 1(21)
Now consider k = r + 1
r 1
n 1 2 r2 r 1 2
1
n 1 r r
2r 2r 2 2 r 1 2r r 1 2r 1
P1 is true.
Therefore, Pk is true .
2 Representing relationships:
introducing functions
A calculator is allowed
a b
c d
4
3 Let f x and g x x 1 .
x 2
Find
a ( g f )x g f x
1
b
2x 3
4 f(x) =
x 1
–1
Find an expression for f (x).
c Find f 1 x
d If the graphs of f x and f 1 x intersect at the point (9, 9) find the value of a.
7 Solve 2x x 3
8 Use an algebraic method to determine whether the following functions are even odd or neither
a f x x 4 5x2 1
b g x x5 3x3 4
x2 1
c h x
x3 x
3x 5
9 Express 2
as the sum of two fractions with linear denominators.
2 x 5x 3
Answers
1 b, c and d
2 b 3 x 2, 4 y 4
c x , 1 y 1
4
3 a ( g f )x 1
x 2
4
b x 1
y 2
4
x 1
y 2
4
y 2
x 1
4
y 2
x 1
2x 3
4 y=
x 1
2y 3
x x y –1 2y –3
y 1
xy – x 2y –3 xy 2y x –3
y x 2 x 3
x 3
f 1 x
x 2
5 a
c xa y
x
y
a
x2
y
a2
x2
d a x
a2
81
a 9
a2
a3 27
a3
6 a 3x2 6x 5 3 x2 2x 5 3 x 1 2
2
1
b A vertical stretch scale factor 3 and a translation
2
7 4x2 x2 6x 9
3x2 6x 9 0
x 1 x 3 0
x 3, x 1
So f x is even.
b g x x 3 x 4 x5 3x 3 4 g x .
5 3
x 1
2
x2 1
c h x h x
x x
3
x3 x
h x is odd
3x 5 3x 5 A x 3 B 2x 1
9
2x 5x 3 2x 1 x 3
2
2x 1 x 3
3x 5 A x 3 B 2x 1
3x 5 Ax 3A 2Bx B
3 A 2B …….#1
5 3A B
10 6 A 2B …..#2
#2 #1
7 7A
A 1
Substitute into #1
3 1 2B
B2
3x 5 2 1
2x 2 5x 3 x 3 2x 1
3 Simplify
e (2 − 𝑖)(3 + 𝑖)
f (5 + 3𝑖)²
5
g
3−√2
8+4𝑖
h
1−𝑖
i z1 + 2 z2 = 3
z1 + (1 – i) z2 = 4
4 3 2
7 Consider the polynomial f (x) = x + ax + bx + cx + d, where a, b, c, d .
Given that 1 + i and 1 – 2i are zeros of f (x), find the values of a, b, c and d.
8 a Show that x – 3 is a factor of x3 2x2 5x 6 and find the other two factors.
Answers
2 Rearrange to 8x2 2x 3 0
2 1
a sum
8 4
3
b product
8
5 3 2 15 5 2
g
3 2 3 2 7
6 2i 1 i 6 6i 2i 2i 2
h 2 4i
1i 1 i 1 i i i2
2
b=
a
2
2
a2 3
a
a4 3a2 4 0 a 2
4 a2 1 0
a = ±2 and b = ±1
b 3 4i = 2 + i, –2 – i
0 6 – 1
5 5zz* 1 8i z *
Letting z = a + ib
5 × 10 + 10 = (6 – 18i)(a – bi)
6
1 3
iz1 2 z2 3 z2 iz1
2 2
z1 (1 i )z2 4
1 3
z1 (1 i )( iz1 ) 4
2 2
1 3 1 3
z1 ( iz1 i 2 z1 i ) 4
2 2 2 2
1 1 3 3
z1 iz1 4 i
2 2 2 2
z1 iz1 5 3i
Letting z1 x iy
x iy ix i 2y 5 3i
x y 5
x y 3
2y 8
y 4
x 1
z11 4i
1 3
z2 iz1
2 2
1 3
z2 i(1 4i )
2 2
1 3
z2 i 2i 2
2 2
7 1
z2 i
2 2
x – 1 –
i x – 1
i x – 2x 2 x – 1 –
2
2i x – 1
2i x 2
– 2x 5
a –4, b 1
1, c –14, d 1
0
8 a
x 3is a factor
x2 x 2
x 3 x 2 x 2 5x 6
3
x 3 3x 2
x 2 5x
x 2 3x
2x 6
2 x 6
0
f x x3 2x2 5x 6 x 3 x2 x 2 x 3 x 1 x 2
x 2,1 x 3
9 a 0,0
b Using 2x2 6x 7 0
6 6 4 2 7
2
6 20
x
2 2 4
3i 5 3i 5
Roots are 0, ,
2 2
4 Measuring change:
differentiation
Use the graph to find the following limits, if they exist. If a limit does not exist, explain why.
𝑥 2 −16 3𝑥 3 −𝑥+1
a lim𝑥→2 𝑥 3 b lim𝑥→4 ( ) c lim𝑥→∞ ( )
𝑥−4 𝑥 3 +𝑥 2
1
𝑥 − 2, 𝑥 ≥ 1
𝑓(𝑥) = {2
𝑏 − 𝑥, 𝑥 < 1
6 Differentiate
𝑥
a (𝑥 3 + 1)10 b 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1)5 c 1+𝑥 2
8 Find the gradient of the normal to the curve 3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦 2 = 2 at (1, −2)
1
9 The area of a circle is growing so that after t seconds the area is modelled by 𝐴 = 3𝑡 2 + 5 𝑡. Find the
rate of increase after 2.65 seconds.
a Find all turning points, and determine their nature (you should justify your answers).
Answers
1 a0 b −2
2 a8
x 2 16 (x 4)(x 4)
b lim
x 4
lim
x4
lim x 4 8
x 4
x 4
x 4
3x 2 x 1 3 1 / x2 1 / x3 3
c lim lim 3
x
x x
3 2
x 1 1
1
x
1
3 x 2 b x
2
1
2
1 2 b 1
1
b
2
4 y y 3 x x 2 x x 1 3x2 6x x 3 x 2x 2 x 1
2 2
Dividing by x
y
6 x 3(x) 2
x
y
As x 0 , we have 6x 2
x
dy
5 6 x 3x 2
dx
dy
At (1,2), 6(1) 3(1)2 3
dx
1
The equation of the normal is y 2
3
x 1 or x 3y 7
du dy
3x 2 , 10u9
dx du
dy dy du
9 9
10 x 3 1 3x 2 30x 2 x 3 1
dx du dx
dy
b
dx
x2 5 x 1 2x x 1 x x 1 7x 2 x 7x 2 x 1
4 5 4 4
c
x 1 x 2 2x 2
1 x2
1 x 1 x
2 2
2 2
7 x2 xy y 2 5
d d
(x 2 xy y 2 ) (5)
dx dx
d d d
(x 2 ) (xy ) (y 2 ) 0
dx dx dx
dy dy
2x x y 2y 0
dx dx
dy
( x 2y ) 2x y
dx
dy y 2x
dx 2y x
y 2x
y
2y x
dy dy
8 6 xy 3x2 2y 2 4xy 0
dx dx
Letting x 1and y 2
dy dy
12 3 88 0
dx dx
dy
5 4
dx
dy 4
dx 5
5
Gradient of the normal is
4
5
y 2 x 1
4
5 13
y x
4 4
dA
9 6t 0.125 6 2.65 0.125 16.025 cm2s 1
dt
f x 0,when x 0,1.
When x 0
f x 36x2 24x
When x 1
b f x 0 at an inflexion point.
2
f x 36x 2 24x 12x 3x 2 0 when x 0,
3
4 3
2 2 2 70
f 3 4 2 or 2.59 .
3 3 3 27
2
There is a non-horizontal point of inflexion at ,2.59
3
11 a 10 x 1 0 when x 1
20 2 3 5
It is a maximum point when f x 0. f 2 .
24 4
10 2 1
The y value is f 2 2.5
22
c f x is concave up where f x 0
20 x 3 0, x 3
Choose from convenience, simple random, systematic, stratified or quota to classify each of the
following sampling techniques that Evan might use.
b A random fish is chosen and then every 20th fish after that until Evan has 100 fish.
c The fish consist of 80% round fish and 20% flat fish. Evan selects 80 round and 20 flat fish.
d A sample of 100 fish is taken by organizing the fish by 5 species and then taking 20 from
each species
b If the range is 42 and the interquartile range if 16, find the values of p and q.
3 The cumulative frequency diagram shows the number of push ups done in one minute by a
group of 80 athletes.
A B C D
i -1 ii 0 iii 0.8 iv 1
Strong, moderate weak, positive, negative, linear, non linear, strong, moderate weak, no
correlation.
A B C
D E F
6 The scatter diagram shows the age of a family of pet rabbits and their weights in kg.
c p 6p 50
where c is the production cost in dollars and p is the number of pizzas made.
a How much does it cost Luigi if the shop does not produce any pizzas?
8 A basketball coach recorded the average number of training hours per week for him team and
the average change in the number of points scored in a season.
Hours (x) 0 1 2 3 4 5
b Find the mean point and indicate this on your scatter plot by the label M.
e What can you say about the number of hours trained and the number of points scored?
9 Khabib has a papaya orchard. On a Sunday he harvests 72 green papaya and 28 yellow. The
mean weight of a red papaya is 1.79kg and the mean weight of a yellow papaya is 1.62kg.
Age (yrs) 19 20 21 22 23
F 6 8 7 11 9
Find
a the mean
c the variance.
11 Ten students recorded how many hours of exercise they have at the weekend and their
weights in kg.
Hours (x) 6 2 7 1 0 3 10 8 9 4
Weight(y) 80 60 70 50 90 80 70 100 55 60
Write down:
b the r value
c Is it appropriate to estimate the weight of a student who does 5 hrs of exercise at the
weekend? Give reasons.
12 Here are the scores for 10 of the 12 students in my class for mathematics and science.
Mathematics(x) 90 66 84 75 90 88 69 95 73 81
Science(y) 73 60 79 67 78 67 55 82 59 80
Sara was absent for the science test but scored 80 in mathematics.
f Can the regression line be used to estimate the score of a student who scored 10% in
mathematics? Give reasons.
13 I asked the first ten people that I saw this morning “How many pairs of shoes do you own”
Age (x) 15 24 42 13 56 16 14 20 6 12
e Use your equation to determine the number of pairs of shoes that an 18yr old would have.
f Can your answer in part e be considered reliable? Give a reason for your answer.
14 Vin thinks that price of a car is related to its age and collects the following data where the age
of the car is in years and the cost is in thousands of dollars.
b Can you draw a single line of best fit to represent this data? Explain your answer.
c Find two piecewise linear functions that best represent the data.
Answers
2 a 16
b p 45 42 3 q 28 16 12
3 a The median is 32
b IQR Q3 Q1 40 22 18
c 10% of 80= 8.
4 A 1 B 1 C 0 D 0.8
c No correlation
e Non linear.
7 a $50
8 a, b, c on the graph.
0 1 2 3 4 5 5 0 1 10 15 18
b x,y
6
,
6
2.5,6.5
e As the number of hours of practice increases the number of points scored increases.
9 Mean
72 1.79 28 1.62 1.74kg
100
fx 870
10 a x 21.2
f 41
b 1.37
d 21.2+x
e 1.37
11 a y 0.364x 69.7
b 0.0795
c Is it not appropriate to estimate the weight of a student who does 5 hrs of exercise at the
weekend because the r value is weak.
12 a 0.812
c y 0.801x 5.02
e This is a valid estimate as it has a strong r value and we are using interpolation.
f The regression line cannot be used to estimate the score of a student who scored 10% in
mathematics? as the score is outside of the given domain and extrapolation is unreliable.
g x 0.823y 23.5
13 a Random sampling
b 0.295
c As the age of a person increases, so does the number of shoes they have.
d y 0.0421x 4.28
14 a
b No. The data cannot be represented by one line but two lines would be appropriate.
c Using the calculator to find a function from x 0 to x 20 gives y 0.9x 20.2 and then
using the calculator to find a function from x 20 to x 35 gives y 1.16x 22.4 . The two
functions are y 0.9x 20.2,0 x 20 and y 1.16x 22.4,20 x 35 .
a the period bp c q.
1 cos2
2 a Show that cot
sin2
b Hence find the EXACT value of cot
8
5 A metal sphere of volume 3000cm3 is melted down and recast into a solid cone of base radius 8
cm. Find
b The perpendicular height of the cone, assuming that 15% of the metal is lost in the process.
5
7 A semi-circle with centre O is partly covered with sector OCD. Given that angle AOB , find the
6
size of the shaded area.
9 In triangle ABC, AB 20cm, AC 17cmandB 50. Calculate the two possible values for angle C.
d h 4 sin h 8
6
b Sketch the graph showing the height of water for Tuesday and draw a line on the sketch to
show the times between which there is 10m or more of water at the end of the pier. State these
times (in the form am and/or pm) under your sketch.
Answers
1 a Period 5 1 4
3 1
b Amplitude p 2
2
3 1
c Vertical shift q 1
2
1 cos 1 2
b cot 4 2 1 2
8 2
sin 2
4
3 2 tan2 sec
–5 0 0 1 tan2 sec2 ,
–1
2 sec2 –1
– 5 sec
–1
0 0
2 sec2 sec
–5 –1
2 0
2 sec 3 sec – 4 0 sec 3 or sec 4
θ is acute means θ is positive.
sec 4
4 sinxcosa
– cosx sina
bsinxcosa
bcos
x sina
tanxcosa
– sina
btanxcosa
bsina
tan x
b 1 sin a b 1 tan a
b 1 cos a b 1
3 3000
5 a r 3 8.95cm
4
1
b Volume of the cone
3
83 h 3000 0.85 2550
2550 3
h 38.0cm
64
42 1.25 3.80m
2
6 a h
2 3 1 2 2 1
r r h 1.25 1.25 3.80 10.3m3
3 2
V
3 3 3 3
b Total surface area = surface area of the hemisphere + curved surface area of the cone
7 In sector OAD l r ,
6
2r
6
12
r
In sector OAB
12
r 10 3.82cm
2
1 2 1 12 5
A r 10 19.1cm2
2 2 6
8 a cos 0.7857
θ = 38.2°
1
b Area 87 sin38.217.3 cm2
2
sin C sin50
9
20 17
20 sin50
sin C 0.901
17
C 64.3,116
10 a Maximum depth when h 1 , d h 4 1 8 12m
6
7 Generalizing relationships:
exponents, logarithms and
integration
1
1 Find the value of logx x 2 logx
x
2 Solve
1
a 9x 7 3x 18 b 4x 1
8x 2
3 Solve
4 A curve has equation y e2 x , find the coordinates of the point on the curve y e2 x , where the
1
gradient of the curve is . Give your answer in the form ln a , where a
2
5 Find the equation of the tangent to y tan x at the point where x
4
x
6 a Use the substitution u x 2 to find dx
(x 2)2
cos x
dx .
x2
8 The function f is defined on the domain x ≥ 0 by f(x) = .
ex
9 When a course ends, students start to forget the material they have learned. The Ebbinghaus
model (sometimes called the forgetting curve) assumes the percentage (p) of knowledge that a
student retains after time, t weeks, is related by
p 100 a ebt a
where a and b are traits of an individual. If Chike has an a value of 20 and a b value of 0.3, how
much information will Chike retain after 4 weeks?
a 4x 9
b e3x 51 x 0
ln a
c Solve 6x 3x 1 giving your answer in the form where a, b are integers.
ln b
11 Given f x x ln 4 x2
a Find f '(x)
12 Find the area of the region completely enclosed by the curve y e x x 1 and the x axes.
Answers
1 2 1 1
2 a 32 x 7 3x 18 0
3
2
x
7 3x 18 0
3x
2 3x 9 0
3x 2 or 3x 9
x 2
1
b 4x 1
8x 2
22x 2 263x
2x 2 6 3x
4
x
5
2x2 5x 3
2x2 5x 3 0
2x 1 x 3 0
x 3
x 34
log3 2
2x
x 34
9
2x
x 34 18x
x 2
log2 x log2 x
log2 x 14
log2 4 log2 16
log2 x log2 x
log2 x 14
2 4
7log2 x 56
log2 x 8
x 256
1
4 f x 2e2 x
2
1
e2 x
4
1
ln e2 x ln
4
1
2x ln
4
1 1 1
x ln ln ln2
2 4 2
1
5 f x
cos2 x
1 1
f 2 at , tan or ,1
4 cos2 2
2
4 4 4
4
2
y y1 m x x1
y 1 2x
4
y 2 x 1
2
6 a
12
udu (6)du du 8u 2du
u
u
6u 12ln u 8u 1 c
2
(x 2)2 8
6(x 2) 12ln x 2 c
2 x 2
du
b u x, 1
dx
dv
sin x, v cos x
dx
7 Let u cosx
du
sin x
dx
1
when x ,u ; when x = 0, u = 1
4 2
1
sin x 1
1 1 1
1
2 2 3
0
4
cos x
dx 1
2 1
du
1
2 u du 2u 2 1 2 2 2
2
1 4
u2 24
2xe x x 2e x x 2 x
8 a f x 2x
e ex
For a maximum f ' x 0 x 2 x 0
x 0 or 2
2 2 x e x e x x 2 x x 2 4x 2
f x 2x
e ex
f 0 2 0 minimum
2
f 2 0 maximum
e2
4
Maximum value f 2
e2
x 2 4x 2
b f x 0
ex
x= 2 2
p 100 20 e
0.34
9 20 44.1%
10 a log4x log9
xlog4 log9
log9
x 1.58
log4
b e3x 51 x 0
e3x 51 x
lne3x ln51 x
3xlne 1 x ln5
3x xln5 ln5
x 3 ln5 ln5
ln5
x 0.349
3 ln5
c ln6x ln3x 1
x ln 6 ( x 1)ln3
x ln 6 x ln3 ln3
x ln 6 x ln3 ln3
x(ln 6 ln3) ln3
ln3
x
(ln 6 ln3)
ln3
x
ln2
11 a f x uv vu
du dy 1 1 dy dy du dy 2x
u 4 x2 y lnu 2x,
dx du u 4 x 2 dx du dx dx 4 x 2
2x 2x
u x v ln 4 x2 u 1v
4 x2
f x x
4
ln 4 x
x2
2
2x 2
f x 2
ln 4 x 2
4 x
c x 1.15,1.15
12 Area = 1.18
2 Find the exact volume obtained when the portion of the curve y x2 between x 0 and x 2 is
rotated around the x axis.
x2 dy
a 4y , given x 2 when y 1
y dx
dy
b x y 2 1given x 2 when y 0
dx
dy
c 2x 1 y 2 given x 1when y 1
dx
dy
5 Solve x x 2y when x 1 and y 2 by using the substitution y cx
dx
dy 3y
x 1
4
6 Find the general solution to
dx x 1
sin x
7 Use L’Hopital’s rule, if possible, to find lim
x 0 x
2ln(1 e x ) x ln 4
b Use L’Hopital’s rule to find the value of lim .
x 0 x2
9 f x x3 9x and g x 2x 6
a Sketch the graph of f x and g x on the same axes with 4 x 4 and shade the areas
enclosed between the two functions.
10 Find the area bounded the curves f x 4x 3 x2 and g x x3 7x2 10x 5 and the lines
x 1 and x 2 .
11 Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y 2 x 1 and y x 1
around y 0 .
12 Find the volume obtained when the portion of y 2 4x between 0,0 and 1,2 is rotated around
the y axis.
Answers
x 2 2x x
x 2 3x 0
x 0, 3
0 0
Area = 3
( x 2 2x) (x)dx
3
( x 2 3x)dx
0
x 3 3x 2 (3)3 3(3)2 9
0
3 2 3 3 2 2
2
2 1 1 32
2 V x 4dx x5 ( (2)5 0)
0
5 0 5 5
5
5 5 3 5 2 125 375
0 v(t ) 0 (3t 5t )dt t 2 t 0 125 2 2 187.5m
2
s(t )
4 a x2dx 4y 2dy
x dx 4y dy
2 2
x3 4y 3 4
3 3 3
4y 3 x 3 4
x3
y 3 1
4
dy
b x y2 1
dx
dy dx
y2 1 x
arctan y ln x c
arctan0 ln2 c
c ln2
x
arctan y ln x ln2 ln
2
x
y tan ln
2
1 dy 1
c
y 2 1 dx 2x
1 dy 1
dx dx
y 2 1 dx 2x
1
arctan y ln x c
2
1
y tan ln x c
2
1
1 tan ln1 c
2
tan c 1
c
4
1
y tan ln x
2 4
dy 3
x x 2y when x 3 and y ;substitute
dx 2
dy dc
cx
dx dx
dc x 2cx
cx
dx x
dc
cx 1 2c
dx
dc
x 1c
dx
dc 1 c
dx x
1 1
dc dx
1c x
ln1 c ln x c
When c lnA, lc 1 c lnAx
1 c Ax
y y
v , therefore 1 Ax, and y Ax2 x
x x
2 A 1
A3
y 3x 2 x
dy 3y
x 1
4
6
dx x 1
3
dx
I e Pdx e x 1
3 1
dx 3ln x 1 ln x 1 ln
3
1
3
x 1 x
1
ln
1
I e
3
x 1
x 1
3
1 dy 3y 1
3
x 1
4
x 1 dx x 1 x 1
3
1 dy 3y
x 1
x 1 dx x 14
3
y 1 2
x xc
x 1
3
2
3 1
y x 1 x 2 x c
2
d
lim (sin x) lim cosx
sin x x 0 dx 1
7 lim x 0 1
x d lim1 1
x
x 0
lim x 0
x 0 dx
8 a
ln 1 ex ln 11 x ...
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
ln2 x x 2 x x 2 ln2 x x 2
2 4 2 2 4 2 8
9 a
b 3,0 0.562,4.883.56,13.1
0.562 3.56
c
3
x 3 7x 6 dx
0.562
x 3 7x 6 dx 32.3 square units
x
3
10 8x 2 14x 2 dx 12.4 square units
1
2
11 Volume ( 2 x 1) x 1 dx 76.6 cubic units
1
2 2
y4
12 Volume x 2dy dy 1.26 cubic units
0 0
16
1 Given that the point P has position vector 3i 11 j and the point Q has position vector 8i j,
a Find PQ
b Find PQ
4 Prove that the vectors PQ and QR are collinear if these are given as
P 4,1,3 ,Q 8, 4,6 andR 20,13,15 .
2 cos 3 sin
5 Show that a and b are perpendicular when a 4 and b 4 .
2 sin 3 cos
4 4
6 Find
of the line which passes through the points A 1,2 and B 3, 4 .
7 Find the equation of the plane containing the points A 3,2,3 , B 1, 4,2 andC 1,5,3
a AB b AC
d Find the vector equation of the line that passes through D 5,3,7 and is perpendicular to the
plane.
1 6
9 Find the angle between and .
2
8
Answers
b PQ 52 122 13
2 2 5 2
2 r OX OA AX OA AB a b a a b
7 7 7 7
3 6i 8 j 62 82 10
1 3 4
v
10
6i 8 j 5 i 5 j
4 PQ OQ OP 8i 4 j 6k 4i j 3k 4i 3 j 3k
2 2
5 r s 2 cos 3 sin 2 sin 3 cos 2 3 2 3 0
4 4 4 4 2 2
1 4
r t
2
2
x 1 4
b t
y
2 2
x 1 4t
y 2 2t
1 x y 2
t and t
4 2
y 2 1 x
2 4
2y 4 1 x
x 2y 5 0
7 AB OB OA i 4 j 2k 3i 2 j 3k 2i 2 j k
AC OC OA i 5 j 3k 3i 2 j 3k 2i 3 j
4 4
8 a AB 1 b AC 3
3 1
i 8 j k
c AB AC 4 1 3 16
4 3 1 16
1
Normal n 2
2
x 2y 2z 7
5 1
d r 3 t 2
7 2
1 5 t 2 3 2t 2 7 2t 7
9t –18
t –2
8
1
Note that t if 16 is used.
4 16
1 6
ab 2 8 1
9 cos
a b 1 6 5
2
8
117
Cos
3i 2 j k i 2 j
7
3i 2 j k i 2 j 70
33.2
10 Equivalent systems of
representation: more complex
numbers
b Write 3cis in Cartesian form.
6
9 3i
2 Find the modulus and the argument of the complex number .
1 2i
i
5 Evaluate e 4
7
6 Find the exact value of 3i
z2
b If z1 is the root in the first quadrant and z2 is the root in the second quadrant, find in the
z1
form a bi .
Answers
1 1 2
2 2
1 a z
3
tan1 1 and
4 4
3
z 2,
4
3 1 3 1
b 3cis 3 cos isin 3 i i
6 6 6 2 2 2 2
3 3 18 3 2
2 2
3 3i
3
arg 3 3i (tan1 1)
4 4
3 z a ib , z * a ib
3 4i a ib 1 i a ib 13 2i
3a 4ia 3ib 4i 2b a ia ib i 2b 13 2i
2a 3b i 5a 4b 13 2i
2a 3b 13
5a 4b 2
a 2, b 3
z 2 3i
3
2
4 r 12 2
1 5
arg z tan1
3 6
5 5
z 2 cos i sin
6 6
i 2 2
5 e 4
cos i sin i
4 4 2 2
7
6 3i
3
2
3i 12 2
3 1
3 i 2 i 2cis
2 2 6
7
7 3 1
7
3i 2cis 27 cis 128 i 64 3 64i
6 6 2 2
1
7 a z 1 i 4
1 1
z ( 2(cos( ) i sin( )))4 ( 2(cos( 2n ) i sin( 2n ))) 4
4 4 4 4
1
n n
28 (cos( ) i sin( ))
16 2 16 2
1
28 (cos( ) i sin( ))
16 16
1
7 7
28 (cos( ) i sin( ))
16 16
1
15 15
28 (cos( ) i sin( ))
16 16
1
9 9
28 (cos( ) i sin( ))
16 16
1
15 15
28 ((cos( ) i sin( ))
z2 16 16
b 1
cos i sin i
z1 7 7 2 2
28 ((cos( ) i sin( ))
16 16
8 z3 2 2i
2 2i 22 22 8
arg 2 2i tan1 1
4
i
2 2i 8e 4
i
2 k i
z 3 8e 4
i
2 k i
4
3 1 8k i
z 2e
2e 12
i
k 0 z 2e12
9i
k 1 z 2e 12
17 i
k 2 z 2e 12
2 A fund raising game at the school fair sells lottery tickets for $4. The possible prizes are $4, $5,
$10, $100 or you could not win anything. W is the amount won and is represented in this
distribution.
w 0 4 5 10 100
b Find how much money the fundraiser would expect to make if it sold 500 tickets.
P X x r x 1 , where x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
a Find r. b Find E X .
ax 2 x ,
0x 2
f x
0,
0x 2
a Find a b Find E X
5 70 students come to school by bus and have an 18% chance of being late, and 65 come by car and
they have a 23% chance of being late. Your friend came late, find the probability that they came by
car
6 The weights of a group of students are normally distributed with mean µ and standard deviation σ.
15 % of the students weigh greater than 90kg and 12 % of them less than 40kg. Find µ and σ.
7 Mimi has a 73% chance of scoring from a free throw in basketball. What is the probability that she
scores more than 7 out of ten shots?
8 A factory that makes watches finds that 2 % of them are faulty. A random sample of 100 watches
are tested.
9 On a mathematics test, the scores were normally distributed with a mean of 74 and a standard
deviation of 7.
a Sketch this on a normal curve and shade the proportion of the class would be expected to score
between 60 and 80 points.
b Find the shaded area and state the percentage of the class expected to score between 60 and 80.
10 A pack of coffee is sold as weighing 230gms but the manufacturer maintains a weight of 231 grams
as the average so as not to cheat customers. Coffee packs are normally distributed with a mean of
231 grams and a standard deviation of 1.5 grams.
The manufacturer decides that the probability of a pack being underweight must be reduced to
0.002. He gives this problem to two junior executives, Eden and Haven
b Eden’s suggestion is to increase the mean and leave the standard deviation unchanged. Find the
value of the new mean.
c Haven’s suggestion is to reduce the standard deviation and leave the mean unchanged. Find the
value of the new standard deviation.
d After the probability of a pack of coffee being underweight has been reduced to 0.002, the store
sells 100 packs. Find the probability that at least two of the boxes are underweight.
Answers
1 P A B P A P B P A B
0.8 0.6 P B P A B
P A B
P A|B
P B
0.6P B P A B
P B 0.5
3 a ΣP(X = x) = 1
r 2r 3r 4r 5r 15r 1
1
r
15
8
b E X
3
2ax ax dx 1
2
4 a
0
2 a 3 2
ax 3 x 0 1
4
a 1
3
3
a
4
2
3
b E X
4 0
2x 2 x 3dx 1
P(C | L) 0.543
10 10
0.73 0.27 0.73 0.27 0.73 0.466
8 2 9 1 10
8 9
8 a E X 1000.02 2
c
P(X 1) 1 – P X 0 P X 1
10 a
X ~N 231,1.52
P(X < 228) = 0.0228
b X ~ N(μ, 1.52 )
P(X < 228) = 0.002
228
2.88 .
1.5
232 grams
c X ~N 231, 2
228 231
2.88 .
1.04 grams
d X ~B 100,0.002
P X 1 0.982...