Natugrain® TS

Maximizing nutrient
utilization in complex
poultry and pig diets
Natugrain® TS is a combination of β-xylanase and β-glucanase
that supports modern, high-performance, sustainable animal
production by:
Increasing the release of nutrients and energy from the diet
Decreasing digesta viscosity
Aiding effective fermentation in the hindgut
Improved feed utilization

The science of sustainable feed that succeeds

The science of making more from less

animal-nutrition.basf.com
Well-balanced enzyme activities to counteract Natugrain® TS, a mix of xylanase and β-glucanase
anti-nutritional effects from arabinoxylans that supports feed utilization based on three
and β-glucans interactive mechanisms of action
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) are the least digestible compounds in feedstuffs
used for pig and poultry. Their anti-nutritional properties reduce the utilization of
dietary nutrients by increasing digesta viscosity and by trapping valuable nutrients. Mechanism of action 1
Reduction of digesta viscosity
Natugrain® TS contains BASF’s highly purified NSP-degrading enzymes endo-1,
4-β-xylanase and endo-1,4-β-glucanase. Natugrain® TS improves the digestibility of Breakdown of viscous
nutrients and energy utilization from feedstuffs such as wheat, corn, rye, barley, arabinoxylans and β-glucans
sorghum, etc. which reduces intestinal
viscosity and increases
Endo-β-xylanase hydrolyzes arabinoxylans into xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS)
nutrient utilization.
and arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS)

Arabinoxylan Mechanism of action 2

Xylanase Cell wall disruption
Endo-xylanase is the enzyme
responsible for the partial hydrolysis
of arabinoxylans Degradation of plant cell
Xylanase hydrolizes the β-1,4 bonds walls releases trapped
between xylose units in the nutrients, which can be
L-arabinose arabinoxylan backbone
D-xylose digested by the animal.

Endo-β-glucanase breaks down β-glucans into smaller molecules

Mechanism of action 3
Release of oligosaccharides
β-glucan
β-glucanase
Endo-β-glucanase is the enzyme Depolymerization of
that breaks down β-glucans into arabinoxylans into XOS/
smaller molecules AXOS which provide
Cereal β-glucans contain a mixture positive prebiotic effects.
of β-1,4 and β-1,3 glycosidic bonds
Glucose
Mechanism of action 1
Reduction of digesta viscosity
Natugrain® TS effectively reduces the
digesta viscosity
β-glucans and soluble viscous arabinoxylans
can increase intestinal viscosity, hindering
the digestion of nutrients1.
By breaking down soluble viscous xylans
and β-glucans, Natugrain® TS reduces
intestinal viscosity, resulting in more fluid
digesta and greater digestion efficiency.
Reduced viscosity
with Natugrain® TS

Wheat-barley-soy-based diet: viscosity comparison in broiler chickens

Ileal viscosity (day 21), P<0.05

Digestive enzymes
mPa.s LiHo-36-10 diffusing into digesta
5

4 4.23

3.74 3.74
More fluid digesta
3

2.55 2.65
2.41
2

a c bc b a a
0
Control Natugrain TS
®
Natugrain TS
®
Competitor A Competitor B Competitor C
(50 g/mt) (100 g/mt) (Xyl/Glu) (Multi-NSPase) (Xyl/Glu)
Mechanism of action 2
Cell wall disruption Protein
Starch

Natugrain® TS increases the permeability of cell walls

NSPs are the primary constituents of a plant cell wall, entrapping valuable nutrients
such as starch and proteins. This complex fiber matrix makes it difficult for these
nutrients to be digested.
The degradation of the plant’s cell wall by xylanase and β-glucanase leads to an
increased release of entrapped nutrients such as starch and proteins 2.
Arabinoxylan and β-glucan of the endosperm cell walls of cereals are the NSPs with
the highest susceptibility to exogenous enzymes 3.

Degradation of plant cell walls releases trapped nutrients

Endogenous digestive enzymes

accessing starch granules and
protein bodies

Xylanase cleaving
the arabinoxylan

Xylanase and
β-glucanase
Natugrain® TS releases
β-glucanase cleaving oligosaccharides
the β-glucans
Mechanism of action 3
Release of oligosaccharides Arabinoxylo-
oligosaccharides Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli ferment
arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides
Natugrain® TS releases Arabinoxylan structure and its breakdown
oligosaccharides with the by xylanase
ability to increase the
production of short-chain
fatty acids (SCFA), which Xylanase Low pathogen
in turn can improve gut proliferation
Arabinoxylan
function
L-arabinose
D-xylose

The degradation of arabinoxylans

releases xylo- and arabinoxylo-
oligosaccharides ( XOS and Volatile fatty
AXOS). acids produced
XOS* and AXOS*
These compounds act as
prebiotics and can be used by
some bacteria resulting in the
production of SCFAs. The higher
production of SCFAs can
Utilization by
result in a better gut function bifidobacteria
and animal wellbeing 4, 5. and lactobacilli

Increased
production of
short-chain fatty
acids (SCFA )

Source of energy
Bacteriostatic effect
pH reduction
*Examples of XOS and AXOS
Mechanism of action 3 Higher AXOS release leads to greater production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)

Release of oligosaccharides and glycoside hydrolase

Natugrain® TS increases cecal fermentation, which indicates a
(GH) families shift in microbial populations.
The SCFA can lower the gut pH, creating an unsuitable
environment for pathogenic bacteria and increasing the solubility
GH10 or GH11 xylanases of minerals.
All xylanases can cleave the β-1,4-linkages. The majority of feed xylanases belong
SCFA can also penetrate the lipid membrane of pathogens.
to GH10 or to GH11 families which are structurally different.

SCFA concentration (mM) after 10-hour ex vivo fermentation*

GH10 ( Natugrain TS ) ®
GH11 families
80
Are more versatile and cleave highly Only cleave unsubstituted
substituted arabinoxylans6 regions6
78
Are less selective, hydrolyzing highly
substituted xylans more efficiently resulting
in greater AXOS production7 76 76.8**

75.8

75.0
Natugrain® TS GH10 xylanase is more efficient at depolymerizing xylans, 74
therefore it produces more AXOS
73.3

72
Arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) production relative to What happens after the
Natugrain® TS xylanase total AXOS production*
incubation of wheat arabinoxylan
with Natugrain® TS xylanase? 70
100%

80%
AXOS production is higher ns ns
68
Provision of small oligomers Control Natugrain® TS Competitor A Competitor B
(No enzyme) (Xylanase) (Enzyme cocktail)
60%
(ΣX2-X3-X4) is greater
40% >80% Xylose ( X1) can have a negative **Different from Control group ( P<0.01)
ns: not significantly different from Control group ( P>0.05)
20% effect in poultry and was not
produced by the xylanases Control = untreated arabinoxylan; Other groups represent enzyme-treated arabinoxylan
0%
Competitor Xylanase Natugrain® TS Xylanase
GH11 Xylanase GH10 Xylanase AXOS with lower molecular
Xylose units in AXOS weight are more fermentable
X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 and generate more SCFAs 8. *Pasquali et al. (2022; World’s Poultry Congress); TID-59-20
Natugrain® TS optimizes performance Improved feed utilization and reduced severity of footpad lesions in broiler chickens

and nutrient utilization in poultry

FCR 1 to 39d P<0.05 Bodyweight gain, g/d P<0.05 Daily feed intake, g/d P>0.05
-12 pts
1.750 80.0 115.0

-10 pts
75.0
1.700 113.0
1.699
70.0
1.650 69.3 111.0
68.3
65.0

1.600 64.6 109.0 109.7

109.2 109.4
1.599 60.0
1.580
1.550 107.0
55.0

b a a b a a
1.500 50.0 105.0

Delezie et al. (2019)

Control Natugrain® TS (100 g/mt) Natugrain® TS (200 g/mt) TID-106-17A

Deficiencies in these enzymes can lead to

Improved feed utilization in laying hens Scientific data supports that supplementation footpad dermatitis. Reduction of footpad lesions
with enzymes had the following effects P<0.05 can result in better animal wellbeing
100% Severe lesions

Egg production, %, 21-36 wk P<0.05 FCR, g feed/g egg, 21-36 wk P<0.05

80% Score 3
100 3.00
Score 2
Largest 60%
90 improvement Score 1

2.75 Score 0
40%
86.5
80 83.2 82.3 82.5 2.71
20% No lesions
70 74.3 2.50
2.50
2.46
60 0%
2.37 Control Enzyme A Enzyme A
2.25 2.33 100 g/mt 200 g/mt
50

a b a a a b a b b ab
40 2.00 Reduction of more severe lesions (scores 2 and 3) when Enzyme A
was added
PC NC NC + Natugrain® TS (100 g/mt) NC + Enzyme cocktail (50 g/mt ) NC + Competitor Xylanase (100 g/mt ) TID-87-20 Higher incidence of “no lesions” when Enzyme A was added
Natugrain® TS improves feed utilization Increased nutrient supply in milk and improved energy utilization in lactating sows

Milk fat content, g/kg Milk protein content, g/kg P<0.05 AME, kcal/kg P<0.05
+96 kcal/kg
80 3140

+12%
70 3120 3129
69.6
60 3100
62.2

50 3080
+8%

40 54.2 3060
50.4
30 3040

20 3020 3033

10 3000
b a b a b a
0 2980
d21
Tischler et al. (2016)
Control Natugrain® TS (100 g/mt) TID-118-14

Improved nutrient digestibility in fattening pigs Attenuated bodyweight losses and increased feed intake in sows during lactation

Total tract digestibility, % P<0.05 Daily feed intake of lactating sows (kg/d) P<0.05

100 6
+1 kg/d
+3.3%
5 5.55
80 86.0
83.5 84.2 83.9 5.05
81.0 81.2
4 4.51
4.31
60
3 3.52
3.23 3.30
3.06
40
2

# P=0.075
20
1

b a b a b a b a
0 0
Organic matter Crude protein Gross energy Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

Control Natugrain® TS (100 g/mt) TID-40-11 Control Natugrain® TS (100 g/mt) TID-89-18
Natugrain® TS: benefits and characteristics

In vivo trials have shown that Natugrain® TS, a mix of purified xylanase
and β-glucanase, can outperform ‘enzyme cocktails’
Cereal-based diets contain many NSPs with different complexities
In theory, it is plausible that a wide variety of NSP-enzymes are necessary to
degrade the complex cell wall structures in cereal grains
However, in vivo trials have shown that the standard dose of Natugrain® TS
can outperform enzyme cocktails with multi-NSP-enzymes activities

Natugrain® TS (Xyl/Glu) vs. enzyme cocktail* in a wheat-soy-canola-based diet*

FCR 1 to 35d P<0.05

1.62

1.60

1.58

1.575
1.56 50 g/mt
Standard dose
100 g/mt
1.54 50 g/mt Double dose
Min. dose 1.544

1.52 1.531
1.527
100 g/mt
1.50 Standard dose

1.48 1.492

1.46

1.44

a bc c ab b
1.42
Negative control NC + Natugrain® TS NC + Natugrain® TS NC + enzyme cocktail NC + enzyme cocktail
(NC) (50 g/mt) (100 g/mt) (50 g/mt) (100 g/mt)

*Enzyme cocktail with 19 enzyme activities: Xylanase, β-xylosidase β-glucanase, debranching enzymes, cellulase, pectinases and others. TID-58-16
 Natugrain® TS: benefits and characteristics Natugrain® TS has excellent
stability and miscibility
Natugrain® TS is highly stable at acidic conditions
Excellent shelf-life stability even at high temperatures
Gastric stability in simulated gastric fluid (pH 2.8 and pepsin) Stomach Excellent stability in pre-mixes
pH 2.5 – 4.5
120 High stability during pelleting
Quickly dissolved, ensuring optimal activity in a short
Xylanase Residual Activity, %

100
period of time
80

60 Crop
pH 4.5 – 6.0
40
Proventriculus
20 pH 2.0 – 5.0

0 Gizzard
0 mins 5 mins 10 mins 20 mins 30 mins pH 2.0 – 5.0
Natugrain® TS Competitor Xylanase Competitor Multicarbohydrase

In the acidic conditions of simulated gastric fluid (pH 2.8; pepsin); xylanase showed a residual activity
of over 90% over a 30-minute period.

Natugrain® TS: active in a wide pH range

Xylanase is highly active (>70%) in a pH of 2.6 to 6.0

Glucanase is highly active (>70%) in a pH range of 3.2 to 6.5

120
The xylanase and β-glucanase
100 inside Natugrain® TS are highly
active over a wide pH range that
Enzyme activity, %

80
fits to the conditions of the
60 gastrointestinal tract.

40

20

0 pH

2 2.6 3.2 4 4.8 5.6 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9

endo-1,4-β-glucanase endo-1,4-β-xylanase
 Choose the Natugrain® TS formulations that are right for you

Product name Form Concentration Dosage Application Shelf life Article no

Natugrain TS ®
Powder Endo-1,4-β-xylanase, 560 TXU/kg and Recommended for pelleting 18 mo. 53688722
min. 5600 TXU/g* 250 TGU/kg feed up to 85°C (185°F) (≤ 20ºC) 20 kg bag in box
Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, (= 100 g/mt feed) 53688775
min. 2500 TGU/g** 350 kg big plastic bag

Natugrain® TS 5XG Powder Endo-1,4-β-xylanase, 560 TXU/kg and Recommended for pelleting 18 mo. 50476892
min. 28000 TXU/g* 250 TGU/kg feed up to 85°C (185°F) (≤ 20ºC) 20 kg bag in box
Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, (= 20 g/mt feed)
min. 12500 TGU/g**

Natugrain® TS L Liquid Endo-1,4-β-xylanase, 560 TXU/kg and Recommended for post- 24 mo. 50126560
min. 5600 TXU/g* 250 TGU/kg feed pelleting liquid applications (≤ 20ºC) 125 kg plastic drum
Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, (= 100 g/mt feed) 53686496
min. 2500 TGU/g** 1000 kg bulk container

Natugrain® TS DL Liquid Endo-1,4-β-xylanase, 560 TXU/kg and Recommended for post- 24 mo. 50345001

min. 11200 TXU/g* 250 TGU/kg feed pelleting liquid applications (≤ 20ºC) 1000 kg bulk container
Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, (= 50 g/mt feed)
min. 5000 TGU/g**

Natugrain® Wheat TS Powder Endo-1,4-β-xylanase, 560 TXU/kg  Recommended for pelleting 12 mo. 52569309

min. 5600 TXU/g* (= 100 g/mt feed) up to 85°C (185°F) (≤ 20ºC) 20 kg bag in box
*One TXU is defined as the amount of enzyme that liberates 5 μmol of reducing sugars (xylose equivalents) per minute from a buffer solution containing 1 g of arabinoxylan per 100 ml at pH = 3.5 and 40ºC.
**One TGU is defined as the amount of enzyme that liberates 1 μmol of reducing sugars (glucose equivalents) per minute from a buffer solution containing 0.714 g of beta-glucan per 100 ml at pH = 3.5 and 40ºC.

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1
Bach Knudsen, K. E. (2014). Fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide content and variation in common crops used in broiler diets. Poultry Science, 93, 2380-2393.
2
Khadem, A. et al. (2016). Does release of encapsulated nutrients have an important role in the efficacy of xylanase in broilers? Poultry Science, 95, 1066-1076.
3
Bach Knudsen, K. E., & Vangsøe, C. (2019). Chapter 4: Fibre –how and which structures can be modified by enzymes. The value of fibre: Engaging the second brain for animal nutrition. Wageningen Academic Publishers.
4
Saville, B. A., & Saville, S. (2018). Xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharides and their application as prebiotics. Applied Food Biotechnology, 5, 121-130.
5
Courtin, C. M. et al. (2008). Dietary inclusion of wheat bran arabinoxylooligosaccharides induces beneficial nutritional effects in chickens. Cereal Chemistry, 85, 607-613.
6
Cited by Heinze, S. et al. (2017). Identification of endoxylanase XynE from Clostridium thermocellum as the first xylanase of glycoside hydrolase family GH141. Scientific reports, 7, 1-10.
7
Morgan, N. K. et al. (2017). Efficiency of xylanases from families 10 and 11 in production of xylo-oligosaccharides from wheat arabinoxylans. Carbohydrate polymers, 167, 290-296.
8
Chen, Z. et al. (2019). Arabinoxylan structural characteristics, interaction with gut microbiota and potential health functions. Journal of Functional Foods, 54, 536-551.

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