Test Bank For Introduction To General Organic and Biochemistry 10th Edition Bettelheim

Introduction to General Organic and Biochemistry, 10th
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CHAPTER 1 — MATTER, ENERGY, AND MEASUREMENT
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is an example of matter?

a. the light of a flame c. the air you breathe
b. the sound of thunder d. None of these is matter.
ANS: C PTS: 1
TOP: 1.1 - WHY DO WE CALL CHEMISTRY THE STUDY OF MATTER?
2. Which of the following is not an example of matter?

a. the air in your lungs
b. the blood in your arteries
c. the sunlight coming through the window
d. None, all of these are matter.
ANS: C PTS: 1
3. Which of the following is a chemical property of water?

a. Ice floats. c. Water reacts violently with sodium.
b. Water boils at 100°C. d. All of these are chemical properties.
ANS: C PTS: 1
4. Which of the following is a chemical property of gold?

a. characteristic color
b. electrical conductivity
c. lack of reactivity
d. None, they are all physical properties.
ANS: C PTS: 1
5. Which of the following is not a physical property of gold?

a. characteristic color
b. density
c. electrical conductivity
d. None, they are all physical properties.
ANS: D PTS: 1
6. Which of the following is not a chemical change?

a. rusting of a car body
b. ripening of fruit
c. souring of milk
d. None, all of these are chemical changes.
ANS: D PTS: 1
7. Which of the following represents a physical change?

a. stretching a silver wire c. both a and b
b. tarnishing of silver d. neither a nor b
ANS: A PTS: 1

a. boiling water c. both a and b
b. decomposition of a dead organism d. neither a nor b
ANS: A PTS: 1

a. burning of fuel oil c. both a and b
b. melting of ice d. neither a nor b
ANS: B PTS: 1
10. Which of the following is synonymous with “fact”?

a. a hypothesis
b. an observation which is reproducible
1
c. an observation which is not reproducible
d. none of these
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1.2 - WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
2
11. Which of the following is true of a hypothesis?
a. It is a tentative idea or explanation which can be disproved by an experiment.
b. It is a tentative idea or explanation which can be proven by an experiment.
c. It is a tentative idea which can either be proven or disproved by an experiment.
d. It is a belief which is asserted without proof.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1.2 - WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
12. Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

a. It is just one of many ways of looking at things.
b. It is a point of view which cannot be challenged.
c. It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomena supported by a large amount of
experimental data and is therefore definitely correct.
d. It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomena supported by a large amount of
experimental data, but it can be shown to be incorrect by a single experiment which
yields results which contradict it.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1.2 - WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
13. The quotation, “Chance favors the prepared mind,” is attributed to the great French scientist Louis Pasteur. This most closely means which of
the following?
a. A careful experimenter will obtain reliable results.
b. A careful experimenter will sometimes make an unexpected but significant observation.
c. Intense study is required to obtain good examination grades.
d. Nothing can be accomplished without appropriate preparation.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1.2 - WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
14. The area of Africa is approximately 11.7 million square miles. Which of the following is the correct way to express thi s number in scientific
notation?
a. 1.17  105 c. 1.17  107
b. 1.17  10 6 d. none of these
ANS: C PTS: 1
TOP: 1.3 - HOW DO SCIENTISTS REPORT NUMBERS?
15. During its orbit the earth’s maximum distance from the sun is approximately 152 million kilometers. Which of the following is the correct
way to express this number in scientific notation?
a. 1.52  105 c. 1.52  107
b. 1.52  10 6 d. 1.52  108
ANS: D PTS: 1
16. In one second light travels 2.998  108 meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation?
a. 0.00000002998 m/s c. 299,800,000 m/s
b. 2,998,000 m/s d. none of these
ANS: C PTS: 1
17. The population of the earth at the end of 2008 was approximately 6.7  109 people. Which of the following is correct way to represent this
number?
a. 6,700,000,000 people c. 67,000,000,000,000 people
b. 67,000,000,000 people d. none of these
ANS: A PTS: 1
18. The land surface area of the earth is approximately 1.49  108 km2. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional
notation?
a. 0.00000000149 km2 c. 14,900,000,000 km2
b. 149,000,000 km 2 d. none of these
ANS: B PTS: 1
19. Sometimes the same word can have different meanings. In the United States the word billion means “a thousand million” but in Britain the
word billion means “a million million.” Which of the following corresponds to the “British Billion”?
a. 1  10 –9 c. 1  109
b. 1  10 –6 d. 1  1012
ANS: D PTS: 1
20. Nanoparticles which have a length of approximately 1  10 - 9 meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional
notation?
a. 0.0000000001 m c. 10,000,000 m
b. 0.000000001 m d. 1,000,000,000 m
ANS: B PTS: 1
3
21. Which of the following is the largest number?
a. 2  10–1 c. 3  10 4
b. 5  10 3 d. 7  10–6
ANS: C PTS: 1
22. Which of the following is the smallest number?

a. 5  10 3 c. 2  10–5
b. 3  10 4 d. 7  10–6
ANS: D PTS: 1
23. Given the calculation: 4.238 + 12.72 + 9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures ?
a. 26.058 c. 26.0
b. 26.06 d. 26.1
ANS: D PTS: 1
24. Given the calculation: 4.877 + 12.87 + 9.19 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figure s?
a. 26.937 c. 26.94
b. 26.93 d. 26.9
ANS: C PTS: 1
25. Given the calculation: 4.238 + 12.72 - 9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures ?
a. 7.858 c. 7.8
b. 7.86 d. 7.9
ANS: D PTS: 1
26. Given the calculation: 17.72 – 4.232 – 9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures ?
a. 4.388 c. 4.39
b. 4.38 d. 4.4
ANS: D PTS: 1
27. Given the calculation: 4.238  9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 38.5658 c. 38.6
b. 38.57 d. 39
ANS: D PTS: 1
28. Given the calculation: 1.987  6.02 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 11.96174 c. 12.0
b. 11.96 d. 12
ANS: C PTS: 1
29. Given the calculation: 15.72/9.16 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 1.71616 c. 1.716
b. 1.7162 d. 1.72
ANS: D PTS: 1
30. Given the calculation: 17.712/7.610 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 2.32746 c. 2.327
b. 2.3275 d. 2.33
ANS: C PTS: 1
31. Given the calculation: (6.49  10 7)  (7.1  10 5) = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 4.6079  10 13 c. 4.6  10 2
b. 4.6  10 13 d. 4.6079  10 2
ANS: B PTS: 1
32. Given the calculation: (7.22  10 -3)  (6.4  10 7) = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 4.6  105 c. 4.620  105
b. 4.62  10 5 d. 4.6208  105
ANS: A PTS: 1
4
33. Given the calculation: (6.02  10 23)/12.00 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 1.993  10–23 c. 5.017  1022
b. 1.99  10 –23 d. 5.02  1022
ANS: D PTS: 1
34. Given the calculation: (6.626 x 10 -34)/(9.63 x 10 7) = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?
a. 1.453  1041 c. 6.88  10–42
b. 1.45  10 41 d. 6.882  10–42
ANS: C PTS: 1
35. Which metric prefix is commonly abbreviated using a Greek letter?

a. mega c. milli
b. micro d. nano
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 - HOW DO WE MAKE MEASUREMENTS?
36. In which of the following are the lengths given in the correct order?
a. cm > mm > m > km c. km > m > cm > mm
b. cm > m > km > mm d. mm > cm > m > km
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 - HOW DO WE MAKE MEASUREMENTS?
37. In which of the following are the lengths given in the correct order?
a. cm < mm < m < m c. m < mm < cm < m
b. cm < m < m < mm d. m < m < cm < mm
38. How many millimeters (mm) are there in 1 kilometer (km)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106 b.
1  10–6 d. 1  1012
39. How many kilometers (km) are there in 1 millimeter (mm)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106 b.
1  10–6 d. 1  1012
40. How many microliters (L) are there in 1 liter (L)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106
b. 1  10–6 d. 1  1012
41. How many liters (L) are there in 1 microliter (L)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106
b. 1  10–6 d. 1  101
42. How many microliters (L) are there in 1 milliliter (mL)?

a. 1  10–6 c. 1  103
b. 1  10–3 d. 1  106
43. How many milliliters (mL) are there in 1 microliter (L)?

a. 1  10–6 c. 1  103
b. 1  10–3 d. 1  106
44. In the SI system of units the basic unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3). A volume of 1 m3 is equal to which of the following?
a. 1 L c. 100 L
b. 10 L d. 1000 L
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 - HOW DO WE MAKE MEASUREMENTS?
45. The decimeter (dm) is 0.1 m. Sometimes the volume of a liquid is specified in units of cubic decimeters. Which of the following volumes
equals 1 cubic decimeter?
a. 10L c. 100 mL
b. 10 mL d. 1000 mL
46. In the SI system of units the basic unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3). The cubic meter is equal to which of the following?
a. 103 mL c. 109 mL
b. 106 mL d. 1012 mL
5
47. The standard metric unit of volume, the liter, is equal to which of the following?
a. 1 cm3 c. 100 cm3
b. 10 cm3 d. 1000 cm3
48. In which of the following are the masses given in the correct order?
a. cg > mg > g >kg c. kg > g > cg > mg
b. cg > g > kg > mg d. mg > cg > g > kg
49. In which of the following are the masses given in the correct order?
a. cg < mg < g <g c. g < mg < cg < g
b. cg < g < g < mg d. g < g < cg < mg
50. How many kilograms (kg) are there in 1 milligram (mg)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106
b. 1  10–6 d. 1  1012
51. How many milligrams (mg) are there is 1 kilogram (kg)?

a. 1  10–12 c. 1  106
b. 1  10–6 d. 1  101
52. How many millgrams (mg) are there in 1 microgram (g)?

a. 1  10– 6 c. 1  103
b. 1  10– 3 d. 1  106
53. How many micrograms (g) are there in 1 milligram (g)?

a. 1  10– 6 c. 1  103
b. 1  10–3 d. 1  106
54. An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 500 mg rather than 500 g of a drug. Which of the following is true?
a. the patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000
b. the patient received an overdose by a factor of 100
c. the patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000
d. the patient received an underdose by a factor of 100
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 - HOW DO WE MAKE MEASUREMENTS?
55. An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 500 g rather than 500 mg of a drug. Which of the following is true?
a. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000.
b. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 100.
c. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000.
d. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 100.
56. How many seconds are in a 24 hour day? [Assume exactly 24 hours in a day]
a. 60 c. 3.60  103
b. 1.44  10 3 d. 8.64  104
57. How many minutes are in a 30 day month? [Assume exactly 24 hours in a day]
a. 7.20  102 c. 2.59  106
b. 4.32  104 d. 3.11  107
58. How many minutes are in a 365 day year? [Assume exactly 24 hours in a day]
a. 8.760  103 c. 5.256  105
b. 2.190  104 d. 3.154  107
59. What temperature on the Celsius is the same as normal body temperature 98.6F?
a. 34.3C c. 119.9C
b. 37.0C d. none of these
60. Daytime temperatures in a desert can reach 45.0C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
a. 90.0F c. 121.0F
b. 113.0F d. none of these
6
61. The lowest temperature ever recorded on earth was -128.6F. What is this temperature on the Celsius temperature scale?
a. -57.3C c. -173.8C
b. -89.2C d. -289.1C
62. At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales have the same numerical value?
a. –40. c. 32
b. 0 d. at no value
63. At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Kelvin scales have the same numerical value?
a. –40 c. 32
b. 0 d. at no value
64. What Celsius temperature is the same as 77.0F?

a. 25.0C c. 106.6C
b. 74.8C d. none of these
65. The boiling point of octa ne is 126C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?
a. 52F c. 259F
b. 102F d. 284F
66. The boiling point of liquid nitrogen is 77 K. What is this temperature on the Celsius scale?
a. 350C c. 25C
b. 171C d. –196C
67. What is the metric length of the 100. yard dash? [1 inch = 2.54 cm (exactly)]
a. 9.14 cm c. 91.4 m
b. 25.4 cm d. 254 m
ANS: C PTS: 1
TOP: 1.5 - WHAT IS A HANDY WAY TO CONVERT FROM ONE UNIT TO ANOTHER?
68. One long distance Olympic race is the 10,000 meter run. Which of the following is most nearly the length of this run to three significant
figures in feet? [1 meter is slightly longer than 39 inches]
a. 6.09  103 ft c. 1.00  104 ft
b. 6.22  10 ft3 d. 3.28  104 ft
ANS: D PTS: 1
69. The length of an American football field is 100. yards. Which of the following most nearly approximates the length of this run in meters? [1
meter is slightly longer than 39 inches]
a. 9.14 m c. 91.4 m
b. 10.9 m d. 109 m
ANS: C PTS: 1
70. A common piece of laboratory glassware is a 125 mL beaker. What is this volume in the English system of units? [1 quart = 0.946 liter = 32 fl
oz]
a. 0.423 fl oz c. 4.23 fl oz
b. 0.423 qt d. 4.23 qt
ANS: C PTS: 1
71. A certain automobile has an 18 gallon gas tank. What is the volume of this tank in liters? [1 gallon = 4 quarts, 1 quart = 0.946 liter]
a. 4.3 L c. 68 L
b. 4.8 L d. 76 L
ANS: C PTS: 1
72. If you went into a cheese shop in Edam, Holland and wanted to buy approximately 1 pound of Edam cheese which of the following would you
ask for?
a. 0.25 kg c. 2 kg
b. 0.5 kg d. 4 kg
ANS: B PTS: 1
7
73. A Frenchman in New York wants to buy approximately a kilo (1 kg) of cheese. How much cheese should he ask for? [1 pound = 453.6
grams]
a. 1/4 lb. c. 2 lb.
b. 1/2 lb. d. 4 lb
ANS: C PTS: 1
74. What is the mass of a quarter pound hamburger, expressed in the metric system? [1 pound = 453.6 grams]
a. 113 mg c. 1814 g
b. 113 g d. 0.1814 kg
ANS: B PTS: 1
75. An object weighs 75.7 kg. What is the weight of this object expressed in the English system? [1 pound = 453.6 grams]
a. 16.7 pounds c. 343 pounds
b. 167 pounds d. 34.3 pounds
ANS: B PTS: 1
76. If gasoline costs $1.95 per gallon is its cost per liter? [1 quart = 0.946 liter]
a. 5.15 cents c. 73.9 cents
b. 51.5 cents d. 7.39 cents
ANS: B PTS: 1
77. A particular model of hybrid car can travel 53.0 miles/gallon of gas. What is this fuel efficiency expressed in the met ric system? [1 quart =
0.946 liter; 1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. 8.71 km/liter c. 22.5 km/liter
b. 20.2 km/liter d. 90 km/liter
ANS: C PTS: 1
78. A studio apartment in Paris has an area of 75.0 square meters. A New York apartment with which of the following areas most closely has the
same area as the Paris apartment? [1 meter = 1.094 yards]
a. 90.0 square feet c. 675 square feet
b. 270. square feet d. 810. square feet
ANS: D PTS: 1
79. If a 1.000 L bottle of champagne cost 134 Euros and the exchange rate is 1 Euro = $1.33 (US), what is the cost in dollars for 8.000 fluid
ounces of this champagne? [1 fluid ounce = 29.57 mL]
a. $5.26 c. $47.09
b. $42.15 d. $81.31
ANS: B PTS: 1
80. In Europe the area of apartments are typically given in square meters (m2). If the area of an American apartment is 9.0  102 ft2, a Paris
apartment with which of the following areas most closely has the same area as the New York apartment? [1 meter = 1.094 yards]
a. 27 m2 c. 84 m2
b. 30 m 2 d. 90 m2
ANS: C PTS: 1
81. The area of Europe is 1.05  107 km2. Which of the following shapes has an area most nearly equal to the area of Europe? [1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. a rectangle 2000 miles by 1000 miles c. a square 2000 miles on a side
b. a rectangle 2000 miles by 1500 miles d. none of these
ANS: C PTS: 1
82. The unit of weight used for precious stones is the carat (1 carat = 200 mg, exactly). If a particular 1.25 carat diamond cost $7000.00, what is
the cost of a collection of identical diamonds which weighs 1.00 ounce? [1 ounce = 28.35 grams]
a. $28,000 c. $16,000
b. $35,000 d. $790,000
ANS: D PTS: 1
83. At the 2008 Olympics the Jamaican runner Usain Bolt ran the 100. meter dash in world record time of 9.69 seconds. What is this speed in
miles per hour?
[1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. 2.31 mph c. 23.1 mph
b. 4.33 mph d. 43.3 mph
ANS: C PTS: 1
8
84. At the 2008 Olympics the Jamaican runner Usain Bolt ran the 200. meter dash in world record time of 19.30 seconds. What is this speed in
miles per hour? [1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. 43.1 mph c. 4.31 mph
b. 23.2 mph d. 2.32 mph
ANS: B PTS: 1
85. At the 2008 Olympics the Jamaican runner Shelly Ann Fraser ran the 100. meter dash in world record time of 10.78 seconds. What is this
speed in miles per hour?
[1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. 2.08 mph c. 20.8 mph
b. 4.81 mph d. 48.1 mph
ANS: C PTS: 1
86. At the 2008 Olympics the Ethiopian runner Kenisa Bekele won 1.00  104 meter run in 27 minutes, 1.17 seconds. What is this speed in miles
per hour? [1 mile = 1.609 km]
a. 1.38 mph c. 12.3 mph
b. 2.30 mph d. 13.8 mph
ANS: D PTS: 1
87. The dimensions of a room are typically given in feet, but carpeting is sold by the square yard. How many square yards of carpet are required
to cover the floor of a room which is 12 feet by 18 feet?
a. 12 square yards c. 24 square yards
b. 18 square yards d. 220 square yards
ANS: C PTS: 1
88. A can of soda has a volume of 355 mL. The area of a circle is given as A = r2, where r is the radius of the circle, so the volume of the can is
given by V = ( r2)h, where h is the height of the can. If a particular can has a height of 12.2 cm what is the radius of the can?
a. 3.04 mm c. 9.26 mm
b. 3.04 cm d. 9.26 cm
ANS: B PTS: 1
89. The dimensions of a piece of wood are 2.8 meters x 14 cm x 120 mm. What is the volume of this piece of wood?
a. 4.7  103 mm3 c. 4.7  104 cm3
b. 4.7  10 cm
3 3 d. 4.7  103 m3
ANS: C PTS: 1
90. Which state of matter is highly compressible?

a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. none of them
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
91. Which state of matter retains its volume but adapts its shape to that of its container?
a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. none of these
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
92. Which state of matter is essentially incompressible?

a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. none of them
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
93. Which of the following describes the compressibility of liquids?

a. They are highly compressible.
b. They are slightly compressible.
c. They are virtually incompressible.
d. Any of these, depending on the liquid.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
94. Dry ice is called dry ice because it passes directly from the solid state to the gaseous state (sublimes) under normal a tmospheric conditions..
Which of the following occurs during this transformation?
a. The chemical composition of dry ice changes.
b. The volume of the sample decreases.
c. The volume of the sample remains the same.
d. The volume of the sample increases.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
9
95. Which of the following is true of ice, water and steam?
a. They are three different chemical substances.
b. They are the same substance in different chemical states.
c. They are the same substance in different physical states.
d. They are the same substance in different chemical and physical states.
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1.6 - WHAT ARE THE STATES OF MATTER?
96. Mercury is the only metal which is a liquid at room temperature. The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. What is the mass, in pounds, of 1.00
quart of mercury? [1 liter = 1.057 quart; 1 pound = 453.6 grams]
a. 0.0284 lb c. 31.7 lb
b. 28.4 lb d. 35.3 lb
ANS: B PTS: 1
TOP: 1.7 - WHAT ARE DENSITY AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY?
97. Xenon is a gas found in some automobile headlights. The density of xenon at room temperature and pressure is 5.37 g/L. What is the mass, in
pounds of 1.00 quart of xenon? [1 liter = 1.057 quart; 1 pound = 453.6 grams]
a. 0.0112 lb c. 79.9 lb
b. 0.0125 lb d. 89.3 lb
ANS: A PTS: 1
98. Which of the following is true of the relationship between density expressed in g/mL and specific gravity?
a. They have different numerical values and different units.
b. They have the same numerical value and the same units.
c. They have the same numerical value but specific gravity is dimensionless.
d. They have the same units but different numerical values.
ANS: C PTS: 1
99. The densities of the coinage metals (copper, silver and gold) are as follows:
copper = 8.95 g/cm3
silver = 12.59 g/cm3
gold = 19.32 g/cm3
A sample of material is found to weigh 14.03 grams, and have a volume of 1.20 cm3. The sample could be which of the coinage metals?
a. copper
b. silver
c. gold
ANS: B PTS: 1
100. An unknown substance has a mass of 56.8 g and a volume of 23.4 mL. What is the density of this unknown substance?
a. 0.411 g/mL c. 2.43 g/mL
b. 2.34 g/mL d. 2.50 g/mL
ANS: C PTS: 1
101. Aluminum has a density of 2.70 g/ cm3. What volume is occupied by a block of aluminum which weighs 4.32 kg?
a. 0.000625 cm3 c. 1.60 cm3
b. 0.625 cm3 d. 1.60 L
ANS: D PTS: 1
102. Titanium has a density of 4.54 g/mL. What is the mass of 17.3 mL of titanium?
a. 3.81 g c. 78.5 g
b. 38.1 g d. 785 g
ANS: C PTS: 1
103. Iron has a density of 7.874 g/cm3. What is the mass of a rectangular block of iron with dimensions of 3.000 cm by 4.000 cm by 5.000 cm?
a. 7.629 g c. 94.48 g
b. 60.00 g d. 472.4 g
ANS: D PTS: 1
104. Iron has a density of 7.874 g/cm3. What is the volume of a block of iron which weighs 15.321 g?
a. 0.008289 cm3 c. 1.946 cm3
b. 0.5139 cm 3 d. 120.6 cm3
ANS: C PTS: 1
105. Which of the following is true about specific gravity of a material?

a. It has units of g/mL.
b. It is defined as the density of the material divided by the density of water.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
ANS: B PTS: 1
10
106. If specific gravities were defined by reference to oil (density = 0.89 g/mL) rather than water (density = 1.0 g/mL) which of the following
would be true?
a. The specific densities of all materials would be larger than those given in tables in
handbooks.
b. The specific densities of all materials would be smaller than those given in tables in
handbooks.
c. The specific densities of some objects would be larger and of other objects would be
smaller than those given in tables in handbooks.
d. The question is meaningless since water is the only permissible reference material.
ANS: A PTS: 1
107. A particular material has a specific gravity of 1.04 at 20°C. As this material is heated from 20°C to 30°C its volume increases faster than does
the volume of water. Which of the following statements is true of the specific gravity of this material as it is heated to 30°C?
a. Its specific gravity decreases.
b. Its specific gravity increases.
c. Its specific gravity remains the same.
d. There is insufficient information to answer the question.
ANS: A PTS: 1
108. What is the name of the instrument used to measure specific gravity?
a. densitometer c. hydrometer
b. gravameter d. spectrometer
ANS: C PTS: 1
109. Which of the following is the formula used to calculate the kinetic energy of a moving object?
a. KE. = mv c. KE = mv
b. KE = mv2 d. KE = mv2
ANS: B PTS: 1
TOP: 1.8 - HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE VARIOUS FORMS OF ENERGY?
110. Chemical energy is an example of which of the following?

a. kinetic energy c. potential energy
b. mechanical energy d. radiant energy
ANS: C PTS: 1
111. Nuclear energy is an example of which for the following?

a. kinetic energy c. potential energy
b. mechanical energy d. radiant energy
ANS: C PTS: 1
112. Which of the following is not a form of kinetic energy?

a. chemical energy c. light energy
b. electrical energy d. mechanical energy
ANS: A PTS: 1
113. Which of the following is a form of potential energy?

a. chemical energy c. both a and b
b. nuclear energy d. neither a nor b
ANS: C PTS: 1
114. Which of the following is true as a student slides down a water slide?
a. kinetic energy decreases c. total energy increases
b. potential energy increases d. none of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
115. Which of the following is true as a student slides down a water slide?
a. kinetic energy increases c. total energy remains constant
b. potential energy decreases d. all of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
116. The Law of Conservation of Energy states which of the following?

a. energy cannot be converted from one form to another
b. kinetic energy is conserved
c. potential energy is conserved
d. none of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1
11
117. The law of conservation of energy states which of the following?
a. Kinetic energy is conserved.
b. Potential energy is conserved.
c. The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy is conserved.
d. all of the above
ANS: C PTS: 1
118. Which of the following statements is true about a swinging pendulum?

a. Its kinetic energy is greatest when it is vertical (at the midpoint of its swing).
b. Its potential energy is greatest when it is vertical (at the midpoint of its swing).
c. Its kinetic energy does not change as it swings.
d. Its potential energy does not change as it swings.
ANS: A PTS: 1
119. Which of the following statements is true about a swinging pendulum?

a. Its kinetic energy is greatest when it is at the extreme (the highest point) of its swing.
b. Its potential energy is greatest when it is at the extreme (the highest point) of its swing.
c. Its kinetic energy does not change as it swings.
d. Its potential energy does not change as it swings.
ANS: B PTS: 1
120. Which of the following objects has the largest kinetic energy?
a. a 1.00 gram object moving at 1.0 cm/sec
b. a 0.25 gram object moving at 2.0 cm/sec
c. a 16.00 gram object moving at 0.25 cm/sec
d. They all have the same kinetic energy.
ANS: D PTS: 1
121. Which of the following statements is true?

a. Both heat and temperature are forms of energy.
b. Neither heat nor temperature is a form of energy.
c. Heat is a form of energy, but temperature is not.
d. Temperature is a form of energy, but heat is not.
ANS: C PTS: 1
TOP: 1.9 - HOW DO WE DESCRIBE HEAT AND THE WAYS IN WHICH IT IS TRANSFERRED?
122. Which of the following is the smallest unit of heat?

a. calorie c. joule
b. Calorie d. kilojoule
ANS: C PTS: 1
123. Which of the following is the definition of the calorie?

a. the amount of heat required to heat 1.0 oz of water by 1.0°F
b. the amount of heat required to heat 1.0 oz of water by 1.0°C
c. the amount of heat required to heat 1.0 g of water by 1.0°F
d. the amount of heat required to heat 1.0 g of water by 1.0°C
ANS: D PTS: 1
124. Which of the following is true of the specific heat of water?

a. It is similar to that of other liquids. c. It is unusually high.
b. It is the same as that of ice and steam. d. It is unusually low.
ANS: C PTS: 1
125. How many calories of are required to heat 731 grams of water from 35C to 83C? (Assume that the specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/g·°C).
a. 15 cal c. 2.6  104 cal
b. 7.3  10 cal
2 d. 3.5  104 cal
ANS: D PTS: 1
126. How many calories of are required to heat 139 grams of water from 15C to 88C? (Assume that the specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/g·°C).
a. 73 cal c. 1.0  104 cal
b. 2.1  10 cal
4 d. 1.2  104 cal
ANS: C PTS: 1
127. The specific heat of ethanol is 0.58 cal /g·C. How much energy is required to heat 60.0 g of ethanol from 25C to 45C?
a. 348 cal c. 870 cal
b. 7.0  10 cal
2 d. 1600 cal
ANS: B PTS: 1
12
128. The specific heat of copper is 0.092 cal/g·C. How much energy is required to heat 40.0 grams of copper from 25.0C to 75.0C?
a. 92 cal c. 2.0  102 cal
b. 180 cal d. 280 cal
ANS: B PTS: 1
129. The specific heat of lead is 0.0380 cal/g·C. If 47.0 calories of energy raised the temperature of a lead sample from 28.3C to 30.1°C what is
the mass of the sample?
a. 26 g c. 1.2  103 g
b. 690 g d. 2.3  103 g
ANS: B PTS: 1
130. The specific heat of iron is 0.11 cal /g·C. What will be the final temperature if 275 calories are added to a 75.0 piece of iron initially at 25 C?
a. 33C c. 58C
b. 36C d. none of these
ANS: C PTS: 1
131. It required 88.2 calories to heat 14.3 g of an unknown substance from 24C to 175C. What is the specific heat of the unknown?
a. 0.245 cal /g·C c. 0.408 cal /g·C
b. 0.317 cal /g·C d. none of these
ANS: C PTS: 1
132. The specific heat of iron is 0.11 cal /g·C Assuming that no heat is lost during the experiment, what will be the final temperature if 30.0 grams
of iron at 95C are added to 100.0 grams of water at 25C?
a. 23C c. 52C
b. 27C d. 60C
ANS: B PTS: 1
133. The specific heat of aluminum is 0.22 cal /g·C Assuming that no heat is lost during the experiment, what will be the final temperature if 30.0
grams of aluminum at 95C are added to 100.0 grams of water at 25C?
a. 29C c. 54C
b. 33C d. 60C
ANS: A PTS: 1
134. On a stove we have two pots of boiling water. Pot 1 contains 1 liter of water and pot 2 contains 2 liters of water. Which of the following
statements is true?
a. Pot 2 is hotter than pot 1.
b. Pot 2 has a larger heat content than pot 1.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
ANS: B PTS: 1
135. If a certain amount of heat is added to a 30.0 gram sample of water the temperature of the sample increases from 27.0C to 57.0C. If this
same amount of heat is added to a 90.0 gram sample of water initially at 40.0C what will be the final temperature of the water?
a. 30.0C c. 70.0C
b. 50.0C d. 90.0C
ANS: B PTS: 1
136. A 10.0 gram sample of aluminum initially at 30.0C is brought into contact with a 10.0 gram sample of iron originally at 60.0C. Assuming
that the heat is transferred from one metal to the other without any loss to the environment, what will be the final temperature of the metals?
[the specific heat of aluminum = 0.22 cal/g·°C] [the specific heat of iron = 0.11 cal/g·C]
a. 30.C c. 45.C
b. 40.C d. 60.C
ANS: B PTS: 1
13
137. Consider the following piece of equipment found in a chemistry laboratory.
This equipment could be used to measure:

a. mass. c. length.
b. volume. d. temperature.
138. In determining the density of a liquid, the following measurement was made.
How many significant figures are shown in this measurement?

a. 5 c. 3
b. 4 d. none of these
139. The following measurement was made in determining the density of the liquid in the beaker.
The volume of liquid in the beaker is 1.800 L. What is the density of this liquid?
a. 0.8922 g/mL d. 1.1 g/mL
b. 1.118 g/mL e. 8.922  102 g/mL
c. 0.89 g/ml f. 1.118  10–3 g/mL
ANS: A PTS: 1
14
140. If one were to measure the distance from the photographer taking this picture to the ocean shown in the background, which of the following
units would be the most appropriate?
a. mm c. cm
b. km d. nm
141. Consider the urinometer shown used to make a measurement at 25 °C..
What is the density of the liquid shown at the same temperature?

a. 1.04
b. 1.04 g/mL
c. 0.962
d. 0.962 g/mL
e. The density cannot be determined from the given data.
ANS: B PTS: 1
142. Which of the following would be the correct conversion factor to convert 25.0 mL to L?
1000 mL 1L
a. c.
1L 1000 mL
1000 L 1000 L
b. d.
1 mL 1 mL
ANS: C PTS: 1
143. Which of the following conversion factors would not be needed in order to convert 75 mi/hr to m/s?
3600 s
a.
1 hr
1000 m
b.
1 km
1.609 km
c.
1 mi
d. All these conversion factors would be needed.
ANS: D PTS: 1
15
144. Consider the separatory funnel shown below that contains two liquids.
Water is placed in the funnel along with one of the following liquids. The funnel is then opened and the bottom layer i s drained into a beaker.
For which combination would the water end up in the beaker? Density values are given in parentheses.
a. diethyl ether (0.713 g/mL)
b. mineral oil (0.845 g/ml)
c. dichoromethane (1.33 g/mL)
d. both a and b
ANS: D PTS: 1
145. Consider the following image:
Which of the following would be appropriate units to use when measuring with this piece of equipment?
a. L
b. mL
c. cm3
d. either b or c
146. Which of the following would be the most appropriate unit to measure the diameter of an ant’s leg?
a. Gm c. cm
b. m d. m
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CHAPTER 1 — MATTER, ENERGY, AND MEASUREMENT

1. Which of the following is an example of matter?

2. Which of the following is not an example of matter?

3. Which of the following is a chemical property of water?

4. Which of the following is a chemical property of gold?

5. Which of the following is not a physical property of gold?

6. Which of the following is not a chemical change?

7. Which of the following represents a physical change?

8. Which of the following represents a physical change?

9. Which of the following represents a physical change?

10. Which of the following is synonymous with “fact”?

12. Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

22. Which of the following is the smallest number?

35. Which metric prefix is commonly abbreviated using a Greek letter?

38. How many millimeters (mm) are there in 1 kilometer (km)?

39. How many kilometers (km) are there in 1 millimeter (mm)?

40. How many microliters (L) are there in 1 liter (L)?

41. How many liters (L) are there in 1 microliter (L)?

42. How many microliters (L) are there in 1 milliliter (mL)?

43. How many milliliters (mL) are there in 1 microliter (L)?

50. How many kilograms (kg) are there in 1 milligram (mg)?

51. How many milligrams (mg) are there is 1 kilogram (kg)?

52. How many millgrams (mg) are there in 1 microgram (g)?

53. How many micrograms (g) are there in 1 milligram (g)?

64. What Celsius temperature is the same as 77.0F?

90. Which state of matter is highly compressible?

92. Which state of matter is essentially incompressible?

93. Which of the following describes the compressibility of liquids?

105. Which of the following is true about specific gravity of a material?

110. Chemical energy is an example of which of the following?

111. Nuclear energy is an example of which for the following?

112. Which of the following is not a form of kinetic energy?

113. Which of the following is a form of potential energy?

116. The Law of Conservation of Energy states which of the following?

118. Which of the following statements is true about a swinging pendulum?

119. Which of the following statements is true about a swinging pendulum?

121. Which of the following statements is true?

122. Which of the following is the smallest unit of heat?

123. Which of the following is the definition of the calorie?

124. Which of the following is true of the specific heat of water?

This equipment could be used to measure:

How many significant figures are shown in this measurement?

141. Consider the urinometer shown used to make a measurement at 25 °C..

What is the density of the liquid shown at the same temperature?

145. Consider the following image:

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