Atomic Structure – GCE/IGCSE 5.

Element X has a nucleon (mass) number of

19 and a proton (atomic) number of 9.
Name:__________________ To which group in the Periodic Table does it
belong?
1. The diagram shows part of the Periodic
Table.
6. In which option do the three particles each
have the same number of electrons?

A Cl– Br– I– B F– Ne Na+

Which element is correctly matched with its C K+ Ca2+ Br– D Li+ Na+ K+

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electronic structure?
7. Two isotopes of hydrogen are .
Which diagram shows the arrangement of
particles in the two isotopes?

2. The nucleon number and proton number of

the lithium atom are shown by the symbol.
What is the correct symbol for the lithium ion in
lithium chloride?

3. The diagram shows an atom.

What is the proton number and neutron number

of the atom? 8. Hydrogen can form both ions
Which one of the statements below is correct?

4. The symbols of two atoms may be written as

shown.
9. An element X forms a positive ion with the
Which statement about these atoms is correct? electronic structure 2,8,8.
What is the proton (atomic) number of X?
10. An isotope of lead has the mass number (iii) Which two atoms are isotopes of the same
208. element?
Complete the table to show the number of
subatomic particles in an atom of this isotope of ……………………and ….......……….……… [1]
lead. Proton number of lead is 82.
12. Tritium is an isotope of hydrogen.
An ion of tritium has the following structure.
 
 
 
 
 
(3)

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The symbols for two isotopes of iron are shown (a) Complete the following table to show the
below. names and charges of the particles in this tritium
ion.
 
 
(i) How do these two isotopes differ in their
 
atomic structure?
 
........................................................................ [1]
[2]
(b) Using the symbol T to represent tritium, give
(ii) State the number of nucleons present in one
the formulae of
atom of the isotope . (i) the ion shown above

........................................................................ [1] ........................................................................ [1]

(iii) How many electrons are there in one atom

of the isotope ?

........................................................................ [1]

11. (a) The diagram shows the nuclei of five

different atoms.

(i) Which atom has an atomic number of 3?

..................................................................... [1]

(ii) Which atom has a mass number of 6?

.................................................................... [1]
Atomic Structure – GCE/IGCSE 6. In the Periodic Table, how many periods
include the elements of atomic numbers 1-18?
Name:__________________ A2 B3 C6 D8
1. Which statement about both chlorine atoms
7. In which option do the three particles each
and chloride ions is correct?
have the same number of electrons?
A They are chemically identical.
B They are isotopes of chlorine. A Cl– Br– I– B F– Ne Na+
C They have the same number of protons. C K+ Ca2+ Br– D Li+ Na+ K+
D They have the same physical properties.
8. A sample of hydrogen is a mixture of the two
2. Which set of the electronic structures are only isotopes and
found in metals?

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The relative atomic mass of oxygen is 16.
What are possible values of the relative
A 2, 1 2, 8, 1 2, 8, 8, 1 molecular mass of different molecules of water
B 2, 5 2, 6 2, 7 formed by the combination of oxygen and
C 2, 7 2, 8, 7 2, 8, 18, 7 hydrogen?
D 2, 8, 3 2, 8, 4 2, 8, 5 1 18
3. How many electrons and protons are in an ion 2 19
of an element in Group 2 of the Periodic Table? 3 20
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only
C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

9. Lithium and rubidium are both in Group I of

the Periodic Table.
Which statement is correct?

4. Two particles have the compositions shown. A Lithium atoms and rubidium atoms have the
same number of electrons in their outer shell.
B Lithium atoms are larger than rubidium ions.
C Lithium ions and rubidium ions have the same
number of electrons in their outer shell.
Which statement about X and Y is correct? D Rubidium ions are larger than rubidium atoms.

A They are both positively charged. 10. Which ion has the most shells that contain
B They are particles of the same element. electrons?
C They have the same mass number.
A Al 3+ B Be2+ C N3– D S2–
D They have the same number of nucleons.
11. These diagrams show the electron
5. Atoms of elements X and Y have the electron arrangement in the outer shells of five elements,
configurations 2,5 and 2,8,5 respectively. A to E.
Which deduction about these elements can be
made from this information? All elements are from Period 3 of the Periodic Table.
A The atoms are isomers.
B The atoms are isotopes.
C The elements are in the same group of the
Periodic Table.
D The elements are in the same period of the
Periodic Table.
(a) Put the letters A to E in the table to show which (iii) State one industrial use and one medical use of
elements are metals and which are nonmetals. radioactive isotopes.
industrial use

....................................................................................
 
 
.............................................................................. [1]
 
[3]  medical use
(b) Which element is most likely to be in Group
VI? ....................................................................................

....................................................................... [1] .............................................................................. [1]

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(c) Which element will form an ion of the type 12. The diagram shows the nuclei of five
X2+ ? different atoms.
 
 
....................................................................... [1]  
 

(d) Which element has an atomic number of 15?

....................................................................... [1]

12. The table below gives the number of protons,

neutrons and electrons in atoms or ions. (a) Which atom has an atomic number of 3?

....................................................................... [1]

(b) Which atom has a mass number of 6?

........................................................................ [1]

(c) Which two atoms are isotopes of the same

element?

……………………. and …...………….……… [1]

(a) Complete the table. The first line is given as an

example.
[6]
(b) Which atom in the table is an isotope of the atom
which has the composition 11p, 11e and 14n? Give a
reason for your choice.

……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………….. [2]
 6. Which statements comparing the properties of
Atomic Structure – GCE/IGCSE electrons, neutrons and protons are correct?

Name:__________________
1. The diagrams show the nuclei of four different
atoms.

7. Two isotopes of helium are

Which two diagrams show the arrangement of
Which two atoms are isotopes of each other? particles in these two isotopes?

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2. Which atom has twice as many neutrons as
protons?

3. The table shows the electronic structures of four

elements.
Which element is a noble gas?

 
  8. Which set of the electronic structures are only
4. An element Y has the proton number 18. found in metals?
The next element in the Periodic Table is an element
Z. A 2, 1 2, 8, 1 2, 8, 8, 1
Which statement is correct? B 2, 5 2, 6 2, 7
A Element Z has one more electron in its outer shell C 2, 7 2, 8, 7 2, 8, 18, 7
than element Y.
D 2, 8, 3 2, 8, 4 2, 8, 5
B Element Z has one more electron shell than
element Y. 9. In the Periodic Table, how many periods
C Element Z is in the same group of the Periodic include the elements of atomic numbers 1-18?
Table as element Y.
D Element Z is in the same period of the Periodic A2 B3 C6 D8
Table as element Y.
10. Which statement about both chlorine atoms
5. Which row gives the number of electrons in the and chloride ions is correct?
outer electron shell of fluorine and of neon?
A They are chemically identical.
B They are isotopes of chlorine.
C They have the same number of protons.
D They have the same physical properties.
11. The table below gives the number of protons, 12. Atoms are made up of three types of particle:
neutrons and electrons in atoms or ions. proton, neutron and electron.
(a) Which one of these particles has the smallest
mass?

..........................................................................(1)

(b) Which one of these particles has a negative

charge?

..........................................................................(1)

(c) Which two of these particles are present in the

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nucleus of an atom?

..........................................................................(1)

(d) Which two of these particles are present in equal

(a) Complete the table. The first line is given as an
numbers in an atom?
example.
[6]
..........................................................................(1)
(b) Which atom in the table is an isotope of the atom
which has the composition 11p, 11e and 14n? Give a
reason for your choice.

……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………….. [2]

(iii) State one industrial use and one medical use of

radioactive isotopes.
industrial use

....................................................................................

.............................................................................. [1]

medical use

....................................................................................

.............................................................................. [1]