Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

MIND
ERIK ERIKSON'S STAGES OF AGE
PSYCHOSOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT
KIDS
TIVES
BJEC
O
1. Define the Erikson's psychosexual theory

2. understand the different stages of
psychosexual development
N?
WHO IS ER
IK ERIKSO
Good
job!
- Erik Erikson was an ego psychologist who developed
one of the most popular and influential theories of
development.
- Erikson was interested in how social interaction and
relationships played a role in the development and
growth of human beings.
OUT?
WHAT IS HIS THEORY AB
Good
- Erikson's theory described the impact of social job!

experience across the whole lifespan.
- His theory centered on psychosocial development
rather than psychosexual development
- Erikson believed that personality developed in a
series of stages.
There are 8 stages that
make up his theory
stage 1 : trust vs
mistrust
This stage occurs during infancy between birth to 18

months or between birth to 1 year of age.
During this stage, infants may gain either trust or
mistrust depending upon the dependability and quality of
a child's caregivers.
stage 1 : trust vs
mistrust
OUTCOMES
POSITIVE OUTCOME: The child will feel

safe and secure.
NEGATIVE OUTCOME: Great fear will
develop and they might feel rejection.
stage 2 : Autonomy vs.
Shame and Doubt
The second stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development takes place

during early childhood (2 to 3 years old).
The Role of Independence - Children start to make their own simple decisions about
to what they are prefer. -Starting to perform basic actions
Potty Training - Potty training plays an important role in helping children develop
this sense of autonomy.
stage 2 : Autonomy vs.
Shame and Doubt
OUTCOMES
POSITIVE OUTCOME: Feel secure and confident and

leads to feelings of autonomy
NEGATIVE OUTCOME: .Feelings of shame and self-
doubt
stage 3 : Initiative vs.
Guilt"
The third stage of psychosocial development takes place during the preschool years.
At this point in psychosocial development, children begin to assert their power and
control over the world through directing play and other social interactions.
Children who are successful at this stage feel capable and able to lead others. Those
who fail to acquire these skills are left with a sense of guilt, self-doubt, and lack of
initiative.
stage 3 : Initiative vs.
Guilt"
OUTCOMES
The major theme of the third stage of psychosocial development is that

children need to begin asserting control and power over the
environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children
who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a
sense of guilt.
stage 4 : Industry vs.
Inferiority"
The fourth psychosocial stage takes place during the early school years from
approximately ages 5 to 11. Through social interactions, children begin to develop a
sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities.
Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a
sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
stage 4 : Industry vs.
Inferiority"
OUTCOMES
Children who are encouraged and commended by parents and teachers

develop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills. Those who
receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers, or peers will
doubt their abilities to be successful.
stage 5 : identity vs
role confusion
WHAT TO KNOW?
Psychosocial conflict: Identity vs. confusion
Major question: "Who am I?"
Basic virtue: Fidelity
Important event(s): Social relationships
identity
Erikson defines identity as a “fundamental organizing principal which develops

constantly throughout the lifespan.”
Identity involves the experiences, relationships, beliefs, values, and memories that
make up a person's subjective sense of self. This helps create a continuous self-
image that remains fairly constant even as new aspects of the self are developed or
strengthened over time.
identity
Self-sameness
Uniqueness
Psychosocial development
role confusion
Kids who are not allowed to explore and test out different identities might be
left with what Erikson referred to as role confusion, which can result in the
following:
Being unsure of who you are and where you fit
Drifting from one job or relationship to another
Feeling disappointed and confused about your place in life
BENEFITS OF IDENTITY
There are numerous benefits behind shaping and forming

an identity.
a.) Commitment
b.) Self-confidence
c.) Sense of independence
d.) Fidelity:
CONSEQUENCES OF ROLE CONFUSION
Role confusion can have lasting consequences on a person's

life, including
a.) Difficulties with commitment
b.) Worse mental health and well-being
c.) Weak sense of self
d.) Lack of confidence
stage 5 : identity vs
role confusion
1.) TO STRENGTHEN IDENTITY?

2.) HOW TO DECREASE ROLE
CONFUSION
stage 6 : intimacy vs.
isolation
WHAT TO KNOW?
Psychosocial Conflict: Intimacy versus isolation
Major Question: "Will I be loved or will I be alone?"
Basic Virtue: Love
Important Event(s): Romantic relationships
intimacy
Erikson believed that it was vital to develop close, committed relationships with
other people
Romantic and sexual relationships can be an important part of this stage of life, but
intimacy is more about having close, loving relationships.
BENEFITS OF INTIMACY
People who are successful in resolving the conflict of the

intimacy versus isolation stage have:
Close romantic relationships

Deep, meaningful connections
Enduring connections with other people
Positive relationships with family and
friends
Strong relationships
CONSEQUENCES OF ISOLATION
Struggling in this stage of life can result in loneliness and

isolation. Adults who struggle with this stage experience
Few or no friendships
Lack of intimacy
Lack of relationships
Poor romantic relationships
Weak social support
HOW TO BUILD INTIMACY
Some of the other important tasks that can play a role in

succeeding or struggling at this point of development
include:
a.) Being intimate
b.) Caring for others
c.) Making commitments
d.) Self-disclosure
HOW TO OVERCOME ISOLATION
a.) Avoid Negative Self-Talk

b.) Build Skills
c.) Determine What You Like
d.) Evaluate Your Situation
e.) Practice Self-Disclosure
stage 7 : Generativity
vs. Stagnation
This is the seventh stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. This stage
takes place during during middle adulthood between the ages of approximately (40
to 65 years).
It refers to making your mark on the world by caring for other as well as creating
and accomplishing things that make a world a better place.
vs. Stagnation
During this time, adults strive to create or nurture things that will outlast them;
often by parenting children or contributing to positive changes that benefit other
people. Contributing to society and doing things to benefit future generations are
important needs at the generativity versus stagnation stage of development.
We give back to society through raising our children, being productive at work, and
becoming involved in community activities and organizations. Through generativity
we develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GENERATIVITY
a.)Making commitments to other people
b.)Developing relationships with family
c.)Mentoring Others
d.)Contributions to the next generation

BENEFITS OF GENERAVITY
Developing a sense of generativity can have a number of

important benefits.
a.)Better health
b.)More Positive Relationship
c.)Greater productivity
d.)Greater fulfillment
e.)Increased community involvement
stagnation
refers to the failure to find a way to contribute this individual may feel
disconnected or uninvolved with their community and with society as a whole.
CHARACTERISTIC OF STAGNATION
a.)Self centered
b.)Failing to get involve with others
c.)Not taking interest in productivity
d.)No efforts to improve the self
e.)Placing one’s concerns
vs. Stagnation
OUTCOMES
POSITIVE OUTCOME: To have and nurture children and/or

become involved with future generations.
NEGATIVE OUTCOME: An individual must deal with issues
they are concerned with or it can lead to stagnation in
later life.
causes
One thing to note about this stage is that life events tend to be less age-specific
than they are during early-stage and late-stage life. The major events that
contribute to this stage, such as marriage, work, and child-rearing, can occur at any
point during the rather broad span of middle adulthood.
Stage 8 – Integrity vs.
Despair
The final psychosocial stage occurs during old age and is focused on reflecting back
on life.2 At this point in development, people look back on the events of their lives
and determine if they are happy with the life that they lived or if they regret the
things they did or didn’t do.
Stage 8 – Integrity vs.
Despair
At this stage, people reflect back on the events of their lives and take stock. Those
who look back on a life they feel was well-lived will feel satisfied and ready to face
the end of their lives with a sense of peace. Those who look back and only feel regret
will instead feel fearful that their lives will end without accomplishing the things
they feel they should have.
Outcomes of Integrity
vs Despair
Those who are unsuccessful during

this stage will feel that their life has
been wasted and may experience many regrets. The person will be left with
feelings of bitterness and despair.
Those who feel proud of their accomplishments will feel a sense of
integrity. Successfully completing this phase means looking back with few
regrets and a general feeling of satisfaction. These individuals will attain
wisdom, even when confronting death.

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MIND

ERIK ERIKSON'S STAGES OF AGE

1. Define the Erikson's psychosexual theory

- Erikson's theory described the impact of social job!

This stage occurs during infancy between birth to 18

POSITIVE OUTCOME: The child will feel

Shame and Doubt

The second stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development takes place

Shame and Doubt

POSITIVE OUTCOME: Feel secure and confident and

The major theme of the third stage of psychosocial development is that

Children who are encouraged and commended by parents and teachers

Erikson defines identity as a “fundamental organizing principal which develops

There are numerous benefits behind shaping and forming

Role confusion can have lasting consequences on a person's

1.) TO STRENGTHEN IDENTITY?

People who are successful in resolving the conflict of the

Close romantic relationships

Struggling in this stage of life can result in loneliness and

Some of the other important tasks that can play a role in

a.) Avoid Negative Self-Talk

a.)Making commitments to other people

b.)Developing relationships with family

d.)Contributions to the next generation

Developing a sense of generativity can have a number of

POSITIVE OUTCOME: To have and nurture children and/or

Those who are unsuccessful during

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