POPULATION

Very Short Answer – Population

Mark-1

(1) Who are the producers and consumers of Earth’s resources?

A: human beings.

(2) What provides us with information regarding the population of our country?

A: the census.

(3) When did India’s first census held?

A: 1872

(4) When did the first complete census held in India?

A: 1881

(5) What is India’s population on March 2011?

A: 1210.6 million

(6) India’s population account for____% of the world’s population.

A: 17.5%

(7) What is India’s total land area?

A: 3.28 million square kilometre.

(8) India accounts for____% of the world’s total area.

A: 2.4%

(9) According to the census of 2011 which Indian state has the maximum population?

A: uttar Pradesh with the population size of 199 million.

(10) Uttar Pradesh accounts for about___% of the country’s population.

A:16%

(11) Which Indian state has the lowest population?

A: Sikkim. 0.6 million

(12) Which Indian Union territory has the lowest population?

A: lakshadweep 64429

(13) Which is the biggest Indian state in terms of area?

A: Rajasthan

(14) Telangana became the 29th state of India in_______

A: June 2014

(15) When did the state of Jammu and Kashmir was bifurcated into two union territories
namely Jammu and Kashmir and ladakh?

A: 5th August 2019

(16) What is population density?

A: population density is the number of persons per unit area.

(17) Which countries have higher average population densities than India?

A: Bangladesh and Japan.

(18) What what’s the population density of India in the year 2011?

A: 382 persons per square kilometre.

(19) Which was the most densely populated state of India in 2011?

A: Bihar, 1102 persons per square kilometre.

(20) Which was the least densely populated state of India in 2011?

A: arunachal Pradesh, 17 persons per kilometre

(21) Population is a ____ phenomenon.

A: dynamic
(22) Why the population growth rate is declining in India?

A: because of birth control.

(23) India may overtake China in______ to become the most populous country in the world.

A: 2045.

(24) Why most of the migrations in India have been from rural to urban areas?

A: because of the push factor in the rural areas.

(25) Why poverty and unemployment are are are prominent in the rural areas?

A: because of the pull of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better
living conditions.

(26) What is the percent of of Urban population of India in 2011?

A: 31.8 0%

(27) What were the number of million plus cities in India in 2011?

A: 53.

(28) Who are termed as children in India?

A: people below the age of 15 years.

(29) What facilities are needed by a children?

A: food clothing education and medicine.

(30) What is the working age in India?

A: 15 to 59 years.

(31) Who are termed as aged in India?

A: persons above the age of 59 years.

(32) What is sex ratio?

A: sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.

(33) The sex ratio has always remained unfavourable to _______.

A: females.

(34) What what’s the sex ratio in 2011 in India?

A:943

(35) Which state had the highest sex ratio in 2011 in India?

A: Kerala, 1084

(36) Which state had the lowest sex ratio in 2011 in India?

A: haryana, 877
(37) What was the literacy rate of India in 2011?

A: 73%

(38) What was the literacy rate among the males in 2011 in India?

A: 80.9%

(39) What was the literacy rate among the females in 2011 in India?

A: 64.6 percent

(40) What are termed as primary occupations in India?

A: agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry mining and quarrying.

(41) What are termed as secondary occupations in India?

A: manufacturing industry, building and construction works etc.

(42) What are termed as tertiary activities in India?

A: transport, communications, commerce, administration and other services.

(43) In India _____ percent of the population is engaged only in agriculture.

A:64%
(44) What percent of the total population of India are dependent on secondary and tertiary
sectors respectively?

A: 13 and 20%

(45) What what’s the death rate in India in 2011?

A: 7.2 per 1000.

(46) What was the life expectancy rate at birth in 2012?

A: 67.9%

(47) Which age group is considered as adolescent population in India?

A: 10 to 19 years.

(48) in which year the government of India initiated a comprehensive family planning
programme?

A: 1952

(49) In which year the national population policy came into force?

A: 2000
Short Answer – Population

Marks-2

Q1. What is senses? When did the first complete census take place in India?
A: a census is an official enumeration of population done periodically. In India the first
census was held in the year 1872. The first complete census, however, was taken in the year
1881.the Indian census is the most comprehensive source of demographic, social and
economic data.

Q2. In which five states of India almost half the population lives?

A: uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Bihar West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh

Q3. Why some States have population density below 250 person per square kilometre?

A: because of rugged terrain and unfavourable climatic conditions.

Q4. Why the population densities are very high in the northern plains and in Kerala?

A: because of the flat planes with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.

Q5. Why the numbers, distribution and composition of the population are constantly
changing?

A: because they are influenced by three processes namely births, deaths and migrations.

Q6. What is population growth?

A:growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country during
a specific period of time. Such a change can be expressed in two ways:in terms of absolute
numbers and in terms of percentage change per year.

Q7. What is annual growth rate?

A: the rate or the pace of population increase is an important aspect. It is studied in percent
per annum. This is referred to as the annual growth rate.

Q8. What is birth rate?

A: birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year.the main cause of the
rate of growth of the Indian population has been the rapid decline in death rates.

Q9. What is death rate?

A: death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.the main cause of the
rate of growth of the Indian population has been the rapid decline in the death rates.

Q10. What is migration? How many types of migrations are are there?

A: migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be
internal (within the country) aur international (between the countries).

Q11. What is the age composition?

A:the age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups
in a country.

Q12. Why the children and The aged effect the dependency ratio?

As: because these groups are not producers and they depend on others.

Q13. Who is termed as literate in India?

A: according to the census 2011, a person aged seven years and above, who can read and
write with understanding in any language, is termed as literate.
Q14. What is occupational structure? In how many groups nau confessions of Indians are
classified?

A:the distribution of the population according to different types of occupation is referred to as

the occupational structure. Indian occupations are classified in three groups-primary
secondary and tertiary

Q15. Why has there been and occupational shift in the favour of secondary and tertiary
sectors?

A: because of growing industrialisation and urbanisation in recent times.

Q16. Which factors are responsible for substantial improvement?

A: substantial improvement is the result of of many factors including improvement in public

health, prevention of infectious diseases, and application of modern medical practices in
diagnosis and treatment of ailments.

Q17. What where the objectives of national population policy, 2000?

A: the objectives were: compulsory School education up to 14 years of age, reducing infant
mortality rate to below 30000 live births, achieving universal immunization of children
against all vaccine preventable diseases, promoting delete marriages for girls, and making
family welfare a peoplecenter program.

What does the census of India provide us?

Answer:
The census of India provides us with information regarding the population of our country.

Question 2.
What was India’s population on March 2001?
Answer:
India’s population on March 2011 was 1,210 million.
Question 3.
Which is the most populous state of India, according to the 2001 census data?
Answer:
According to the 2011 Census data Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state of India.

Question 4.
What is the population of Lakshadweep?
Answer:
It is only 64,429 people.

Question 5.
Name five states where about half of India’s population lives in.
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.

Question 6.
Which is the biggest state in terms of area?
Answer:
In terms of area Rajasthan is the biggest state.

Question 7.
Name two countries which have higher average population densities than India.
Answer:
Bangladesh and Japan.

Question 8.
What was the population density of India in the year 2001?
Answer:
It was 324 persons per sq. km.
Question 9.
Name two states with population densities below 250 persons per sq. km.
Answer:
Odisha and Rajasthan

Question 10.
Name two states which have population density below 100 persons per sq. km.
Answer:
Jammu and Kashmir and Arunachal Pradesh.

Question 11.
Mention two factors responsible for sparse population in certain areas.
Answer:

Rugged terrain, and

Unfavourable climatic conditions.

Question 12.
Name two states of the Northern Plains with high population densities.
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

Question 13.
What does population growth refer to?
Answer:
Population growth refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country/territory
during a specific period of time, say during the last ten years.

Question 14.
The population of a nation is generally grouped into three broad categories. Mention them.
Answer:

Children generally below 15 years.

Working age 15 to 59 years.
Aged above 59 years.

Question 15.
What do you mean by sex ratio?
Answer:
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.

Question 16.
What is the sex ratio of Kerala?
Answer:
Kerala has a sex ratio of 1084 females per 1000 males.

Question 17.
What is the sex ratio of Delhi?
Answer:
Delhi has a sex ratio of only 866 females per 1000 males.

Question 18.
What is the literacy rate in India as per the census of 2001?
Answer:
The literacy rate in India as per the census of 2011 is 74.04 per cent.

Question 19.
What is meant by occupational structure?
Answer:
The distribution of the population according to different types of occupations is referred to as
the occupational structure.
Question 20.
What is the share of adolescent population in India?
Answer:
Adolescent population constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India.

Question 21.
What is meant by life expectancy?
Answer:
Life expectancy refers to the average number of years one is expected to live.

Question 22.
What is external migration?
Answer:
When migration takes places within the country from one state to another, it is referred to as
internal migration.

Question 23.
What is the trend of migration in India?
Answer:
In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the ‘push’ factor in
rural areas.

Question 24.
Which age group is considered economically productive in the study of population?
Answer:
People generally between 15 to 59 years are considered economically productive.

Question 25.
When was the first Census held in India?
Answer:
In India the first Census was held in the year 1872.

Question 26.
Why do people migrate from rural to urban areas?
Answer:
They migrate in search of better employment opportunities.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 6 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Mention three facts revealed by the 2011 census data.
Answer:
Three facts revealed by the 2001 census data are:

Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 199 million people is the most populous state of
India.
Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 percent of the country’s population,
On the other hand, the Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about 0.6 million
and Lakshadweep has only 64,429 people.
Almost half of India’s population lives in just five states—Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra,
Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.

Question 2.
Which regions a India have moderate population densities and which regions have high to
very high population densities? Why?
Answer:

Assam and most of the peninsular states have moderate population densities. Hilly,
deserted and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile
soils have influenced population densities in these areas.
The northern plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities
because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.

Question 3.
The substantial improvement in the health conditions of the Indian population is the result of
many factors. What are these factors?
Answer:
Health is an important component of population composition, which affects the process of
development. Sustained efforts of government programmes have registered significant
improvements in the health conditions of the Indian population. The factors responsible for
this are given below:

Improvement in public health.

Prevention of infectious diseases.
Application of modern medical practices in diagnosis and treatment of ailments.

Question 4.
Why is the health situation still in matter of major concern for India?
Answer:
No doubt considerable achievements have been made in the health conditions of the Indian
population, it is still a matter of major concern. The reasons are given below:
The per capita calorie consumption is much below the recommended levels and
malnutrition afflicts a large percentage of our population.
Safe drinking water and basic sanitation amenities are available to only one-third of the
rural population.
There are many places in India which do not have adequate number of doctors and nurses.
The hospitals too are in bad condition.

Question 5.
What did the National Population policy 2000 do for the adolescent population of India?
Answer:
The National Population Policy 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major sections of
the population that need greater attention:

The policy gave much importance to nutritional requirements of the adolescents.

The policy called for programmes that aim towards encouraging delayed marriage and
child¬bearing, and education of adolescents about the risks of unprotected sex.
It has made contraceptive services accessible and affordable.
 It has strengthened legal measures to prevent child marriage.

Question 6.
Look at the following table carefully. What does it indicate? What can be done to turn the sex
ratio in favour of females? The Magnitude and Rate of India’s Population Growth
Answer:
The above table shows that the sex ratio in India has always remained unfavourable to
females. In 1951, the country had 946 females per 1000 males. The number steadily went
down after every decade and in 2011 there were 940 females per 1000 males. This trend
indicates the patriarchal mind-set of the people of India. In order to turn the sex ratio in
favour of females, we need to spread education in each and every part of the country. Only
education can do miracle.

Question 7.
Write a note on India’s population distribution by density.
Answer:
Population density provides a better picture of the uneven distribution. Population density is
calculated as the number of persons per unit area. India is one of the most densely populated
countries of the world. The population density of India in the year 2011 was 382 persons per
sq. km. Densities vary from 1,102 persons per sq. km in Bihar to only 17 persons per sq. km
in Arunachal Pradesh.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 6 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
“Distribution of population is uneven in India”. Describe the factors responsible for it.
Answer:
Uneven population distribution is characterised by massive difference in the density of
population across various geographical locations. There is extremely high density of
population at some places such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, etc. Whereas the state of
Arunachal Pradesh has very low population density. Hence, there is uneven distribution of
population in India. The factors responsible for it, are given below:

(i) Relief: Mountains have rugged surface and covered with thick forests along with harsh
climate are not at all suitable for human habitation. However, the Northern plains provide
suitable climate, level hand, fertile soil along with knit transport system. Hence, this region is
densely populated.
(ii) Climate: The western part of Rajasthan is sparsely populated because of extreme climatic
condition. The range of temperature is very high and rainfall is low here. So, it is not suitable
for human habitation. Mountainous regions are also not suitable for human habitation
because of too much cold climate.

(iii) Cities like Patna, Kanpur, New Delhi, Kolkata are densely populated because they are
located at river banks. Needless to say that rivers provide with drinking water, water for
irrigation, helping navigation and making land fertile by depositing silt.

(iv) Industries provide better economic support for the Indian masses. So, big towns like
Bengaluru, Delhi, Hyderabad, Chennai, Kanpur, Mumbai, etc. are hub of industries which
attract people in great numbers. But cities devoid of industries are thinly populated.

(v) The regions which are well-connected by means of roadways, railways and waterways are
densely populated. An efficient transport system has a remarkable impact upon population
movement and distribution.

Question 2.
What are the processes of population change or growth? Describe them.
Answer:
(i) There are three main processes of change of population – birth rates, death rates and
migration. The natural increase in population is the difference between birth rates and death
rates.

(ii) Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major
component of growth because in India, birth rate have always been higher than death rates.

(iii) Death rates is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the
rate of growth of the Indian population has been the rapid decline in death rates.

(iv) Migration is an important component of population growth. It can be internal or

international. Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the
distribution of population within the nation.
(v) Migration changes are not only the population size but also the population composition of
urban and rural populations in terms of age and sex composition. In India, the rural urban
migration has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 6 Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS) Questions

Question 1.
What is the occupational structure? Mention three categories of occupations.
Answer:
The distribution of the population according to different types of occupations is referred to as
the occupational structure. A huge variety of occupations are found in any country.
Occupations are generally classified as primary, secondary and tertiary.

Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, fishing, mining and
quarrying, etc.
Secondary activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work, etc.
Tertiary activities include transport, communications, commerce, administration and other
services.

Question 2.
The population of a nation is generally grouped into three broad categories. Describe them
briefly.
Answer:
The three board categories of the population are:
(i) Children (generally below 15 years):
They are economically unproductive and need to be provided with food, clothing, education
and medical care.

(ii) Working age (15-59 years): People belonging to this are group age economically
productive and biologically reproductive. They comprise the working population.

(iii) Aged (above 59 years): They can be economically productive though they may have
retired. They may be working voluntarily but they are not available for employment through
recruitment. The following figure presents the proportion of the three groups in India’s
population.
Question 3.
What are the push-pull factors of migration? Explain briefly.
Answer:
There are many economic, social and physical reasons why people emigrate and they can
usually be classified into push and pull factors. Push factors are those associated with the area
of origin.

Pull factors are those that are associated with the area of destination. Pull factors can be
noticed in cities which provide more jobs, better jobs, higher wages and the promise of a
better life.

Push factors tend to be the exact reversal of the pull factors, for example, over-population,
few jobs, low wages, adverse conditions of poverty, etc. This lack of economic opportunity
tends to push people to look for their future outside the area of their origin.

Question 4.
Explain the following:
(i) Absolute increase in population
(ii) Annual growth rate.
Answer:
(i) Absolute increase in population: The absolute numbers added each year or decade is the
magnitude of increase. It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g. that of
1991) from the later population (e.g. that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase in
population.

(ii) Annual growth rate: The rate or place of population increase is an important aspect. It is
studied in percent per annum, e.g. a rate of increase of 2 percent per annum means that in a
given year, there was an increase of two persons for every 100 persons in the base population.
This is referred to as the annual growth rate of population.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 6 Value-based Questions
(VBQs)

Question 1.
Why are human beings termed as a resource?
Answer:
(i) Human beings are termed as a resource because they have developed other resources into
useful resources. Coal is but a piece of rock, until people were able to invent technology to
obtain it and make it a resource.

(ii) Resources are all meaningful only in relation to human beings. We can not imagine a
world without human beings because it is they who utilise resources and create the social and
cultural environment.

(iii) Human resources are the people who make up the workforce of an organisation, business
sector, or economy.

Question 2.
Who according to the Census 2001, is a literate person? Why is it important to uplift the
literacy rate?
Answer:
According to the census of 2001, a person aged 7 years, and above who can read and write
with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.

Literacy is a very important quality of a population. Obviously, only an informed and

educated citizen can make intelligent choices and undertake research and development
projects. An illiterate person is a burden on the society and the country. Low levels of literacy
are a serious obstacle for economic improvement. Hence, it is very important to uplift the
literacy rate.