Internship Report GTTC

Visvesvaraya Technological University
JnanaSangama, Belagavi-590018, Karnataka, India
Internship Report
(Subject Code: 18MEI85)
On
“CNC MILLING PROGRAMMING & MACHINING”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
in
Mechanical Engineering
Submitted by
VADIRAJA DABER
4UB19ME061
Internship carried out at

Government Tool Room & Training Centre, Harihar
Internal Guide External Guide

Dr. S.B.PRAKASH T SHIVAPRASAD
Professor Instructor
UBDTCE,Davanagere GTTC & PTC, Harihar
2022-23
Department of Studies in Mechanical Engineering
University B D T College of Engineering
(A Constituent College of VTU, Belagavi)
Davanagere-577004
VISION AND MISSION OF THE INSTITUTE
VISION
To be a Center-of-Excellence in engineering education, technology and
research with an emphasis on regional and societal needs.
MISSION
To impart quality technical education through practice based teaching
learning process in the present and emerging technological scenario.
To inculcate employability skills, research culture, entrepreneurship and
human values.
VISION AND MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT
VISION
Imparting quality technical education with moral values to cater the needs
and challenges of industry and society.
MISSION
Providing academic environment through effective teaching-learning,
internship, research, along with co-curricular and extra-curricular
University B D T College of Engineering,
Davanagere-577004
(A Constituent College of VTU, Belagavi)
Department of Studies in Mechanical Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certified that Mr.VADIRAJA DABER. bearing USN

4UB19ME061 has satisfactorily submitted an internship report titled “CNC
MILLING PROGAMMING & MACHINING” carried out at GOVERNMENT TOOL
ROOM AND TRAINING CENTER , HARIHAR. in partial fulfillment of the
requirements as prescribed by the VTU for 8th Semester Bachelor of Engineering in
Mechanical Engineering, during the year 2022-23.
GUIDE Dr. SYED AHAMED

Dr. S.B.PRAKASH Chairman & Professor
Professor
PRINCIPAL
Dr. S.B.DANDAGI
Examination
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date
1.
2.
DECLARATION
I VADIRAJA DABER. bearing USN:4UB19ME061 student of 8th semester

Mechanical Engineering at University BDT College of Engineering, Davangere, hereby
declare that the internship program entitled “CNC MILLING PROGAMMING &
MACHINING” is an authentic record of my own work carried out at GOVERNMENT
TOOL ROOM AND TRAINING CENTER HARIHAR.” Under the guidance of
T.SHIVAPRASAD,(External guide) and Dr.S.B.PRAKASH, Professor (Internal Guide),
Mechanical Engineering, University BDT College of Engineering, Davangere. This work is
submitted to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical
Engineering during the academic year 2022-23. Further, the matter embodied in the
dissertation has not been submitted previously by anybody for the award of any degree.
Date: Signature of the Student

Place: Davangere VADIRAJA DABER
4UB19ME061
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our sense of gratitude to our guide Dr.S.B.PRAKASH, Professor,

Department of Studies in Mechanical Engineering, University BDT college of Engineering
and Dr. SYED AHAMED professor and Chairman of Mechanical Engineering Department,
University B D T College of Engineering, Davanagere for his constant motivation and
encouragement.
We are special sense of gratitude to Dr.S.B.DANDAGI, Principal, University BDT

College of Engineering, Davanagere for his support in carrying out the internship.
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to the team of trainers and
T.SHIVAPRASAD, Instructor (outsourcing) at Govt. Tool Room & Training Centre
Harihar, who gave me the opportunity to accomplish my internship training in one of the
prodigious organizations in India i.e. Hindustan Aeronautics limited and GTTC which also
helped me in sustaining a lot of research and I was able to discover multifarious related to
aeronautics in GTTC and about operating in GTTC.
The experience while undergoing the training has been inspiring, often exciting,
sometimes challenging, but always interesting it is also been possible by many other people,
who have supported me while acquire my training, i.e. my parents and friends, who helped
me in finalizing the training report within the limited time frame.
CNC MILLING PROGRAMMING AND MACHINING
ABSTRACT
Machine CNC (Computer Numerical Control) is a machine controlled by a

computer with command data code numbers, letters and symbols, according to standard
ISO. CNC Machine Tools systems work similar, then the CNC machine tools more
accurate, more precise, more flexible and suitable for the production of masal. Yang
designed to support production and requires a high level of complexity and can reduce
operator intervention during machine operation.
A CNC machine tool cutting process, device processing the workpiece, as the
object that is being processed. Ingestion will conduct the workpiece, the program can be
modified to process a new job. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) a format in the form
of program automation, machinery and other equipment controlled by programs that
contain data, code, numbers. Alphabetic and numerical data that instructs the job to
operate the machinery.
Machine CNC (Computer Numerical Control) can change the code data into a
series of instructions, which servo mechanism, such as a stepping motor that rotates with a
predetermined amount, improving with each driving from the desk job and tools to
implement, workmanship with machining and movement defined by a system of
repetition SCARA closed or open, CNC- controlled machine can do the work linear
shape, circumference, insertion or parabolic.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,UBDTCE

CONTENTS
Chapter Description Page No.

No.
1 INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY 1
1.1 About Company 2
1.2 Company Profile 3
1.3 Vision and Mission 3
2 INTRODUCTION OF CNC MACHINE 4

2.1 Classification Of CNC Machine 4
2.2 Co-Ordinate System 4-5
2.3 Vertical Machining Centers and 6-7
Horizontal Machining Centers
2.4 Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications 7-8
Of CNC Machines
3 CNC PROGRAMMING 9
3.1 Different Addressing Codes 10-11
4 CNC OPERATIONS 12
4.1 Operating Mode 12-13

4.2 Machine Parts And Their Functions 14
4.3 Method Of Inserting New Program 15
4.4 CNC Machine Start Procedure 15
4.5 Operating Panel Keys 16
4.6 CNC Milling Machine 17
4.7 Project Work On CNC Machine 18-26
5 CONCLUSION 27
REFFERENCE 28

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE
DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
NO
1 Symbol of Govt. Tool Room & Training centre 1
2 Layout of GTTC 2
3 Block Diagram of CNC Lathe 2
4 Classification of CNC Machine 5
5 Coordinate system 6
6 Types of CNC Programming 10
7 Operating panel keys 17
8 CNC Milling Machine 18
9 Face Milling Operation 19
10 Rectangular Pocket Milling Operation 20
11 Circular Pocket Milling Operation 21
12 Slot Milling Operation 22
13 Side Milling Operation 23
14 Long Hole Operation 24
15 Drill Operation 25
16 Milling Programming Operation 26
17 CNC Milling Object 27
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

1 Plane Selection in CNC Lathe M/C 6
2 G-codes 11-12
3 M-Codes 12
4 CNC machine parts and their function 15
5 Methods of inserting new program 16
6 CNC machine start Procedure 16

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY
Government Tool Room and Training Centre (GTTC) was established in 1972 at
Bangalore with the participation from the State Government of Karnataka, in collaboration
with Government of Denmark under the Bilateral Development Co-operation Agreement.
The excellent performance of GTTC, Bangalore and proactive State Government of
Karnataka led to expansion, and a second unit of GTTC was started in 1992 with
DANIDA assistance at Mysore.
Fig .1. Symbol of Govt Tool Room & Training centre
GTTC is meeting the needs of industries which are developing due to proliferation
of new technologies by skilling the students as per the requirements.
State Government of Karnataka has encouraged GTTC to start 20 more sub-

centres, 5 upcoming project centers and a skill development centre to train in the area of
Precision Manufacturing and Tool and Die Making in Karnataka.
GTTC is an autonomous society, a recognized scientific and Research organization

by the Government of India. GTTC is serving the industry by providing well trained
skilled manpower in the area of Tool and Die Making, Mechatronics and Electronics.
GTTC having acquired mastery in Precision Manufacturing, mould, tool and die making
technology, has blossomed into an epitome centre for precision quality.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 1

Fig .2:LAYOUT OF GTTC
Fully aware of the rapid advancement in technology all over the world, GTTC
periodically add s new technologies to the existing set of advanced equipment like CAD /
CAM, CNC machines for tooling, Precision Components, Laser for Industries, Rapid
prototyping, vacuum casting etc.
Fig.3. Block Diagram of CNC Lathe
GTTC is concentrating on the Integrated Development of the related segments of

industries by providing international quality tools, trained personal and consultancy in
tooling and related areas. In future, the focus would be more on turnkey projects in
Tooling, Aerospace components & their assemblies, and support the development of small
and medium scale enterprises.

Most new CNC systems built today are completely electronically controlled.
CNC- like systems are now used for any process that can be described as a series of
movements and operations.
These include laser cutting, welding, friction stir welding, ultrasonic welding, flame
and plasma cutting, bending, spinning, hole-punching, pinning, gluing, fabric cutting,
sewing, tape and fiber placement, routing, picking and placing (PnP), and sawing.
For Fanuc generally the coding is done using G codes and M codes. G codes are
used for machining operations and movement of the tools whereas M codes are used for
controlling the spindle movement like on/off, rotation in clockwise or anti-clockwise
direction and also for tool change operation.

1.2 COMPANY PROFILE:
Company Name: Govt Tool Room and Training Centre
Management Type: Government Business
Type: Manufacture and Training CAD/CAM/CNC
Establish: 1998
Nature of Business: Training Centre
Director: H Raghavendra IRPS
Address: Plot No:22 C&D,kiadb Industrial Area, Harlapura, Harihar-577601
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 08192-243937
Fax No: 08192-24937
Parent Organization: GTTC
1.3.VISION AND MISSION:
VISION:
To emerge as an International Centre of Excellence in Training, Production, R&D and
Consultancy Services related to Tooling & Precision Manufacturing – from concept to end
product.
MISSION:
To continuously improve the skills in training, develop innovative process to optimize
production using latest facilities/ methodologies, trends, technologies tomeet all the stake
holder needs and be the leader.

CHAPTER 2
INTRODUCTION OF CNC MACHINES
CNC is stand for “Computerized Numerical Control” A machine which is controlled by

computer with numerical valves as CNC machine.
2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF CNC MACHINE:
CNC
More than
Two Axis Two Axis
(x,y,z,a,b..
CNC Milling
CNC Turning CNC Wirecut CNC Grinding
(VMC & HMC)
Fig.4. Classification of CNC Machine
2.2. COORDINATE SYSTEM:

Coordinate system is used for getting point to point movement of tool according to
coordinates of points
AXIS: Horizontal and vertical lines are known as Axis.
Horizontal Axis Vertical Axis

PLANE: A plane has two axes.
Fig .5. Coordinate system
PLANE SECTION IN CNC:
Table.1. Plane Selection in CNC Lathe M/C.

Code Plane selection Used
G17 X-Y VMC
G18 X-Z CNC turning
G19 Y-Z HMC
Origin or Centre Point: It is the point at a plane where value of both axes zero.
Coordinate: The value of axis at any point of a plane known as coordinate.

Types of Coordinates:
Absolute Coordinate: The value of any point will be taken with respect to centrepoint.
Incremental Coordinate: The value of any point will be taken with respect toprevious
point.
2.3. VERTICAL MACHINING CENTERS (VMC)

i. 3 Axis machines
a. C- frame machines (PX series, VMC series)
b. Fixed table travelling column
c. Double column machines
d. High speed bridge type machines
e. High speed gantry machines
ii. 5-Axis machines
a. High speed bridge type machines
b. Double column high speed machines
c. High speed machines
Virtual Machining Centre (VMC):

VMC machines were developed for higher precision and high speed over TMC
machines. It has moving table for easy access. The main difference between TMC and
VMCis tool holder (Headstock) is rotating and job which clamped on pallet (table) moves
in X-Y directions.
Many operations like facing, turning, milling, profile cutting, boring, drilling can be
doneeasily with the help of VMC.
Mainly machine has three axis to move job and vertical column X-Y-Z. Usually
pallet can only move in X-Y direction and vertical column can move in Z- direction. In
addition to this 3axis two more axis are available mainly for rotation and tilting action for
easy machining of even complex profiles.

HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTERS (HMC):

HMC 560 is high speed, high precision 4 axis Horizontal Machining Center with
worlds best available features to match the demanding requirement of the industry.
The machine has special features like Three Point Levelling, axis rotary table and
Electro Spindle. Maximum of 10,000 rpm is available for spindle. It is available either for
single, double or six pallets out of which all of them are rotary tables.
All the features are almost same as that of VMC but major difference is VMC has
vertical spindle axis whereas HMC has horizontal spindle axis. Also HMC is used for
machining bigger size components and is more precise.
2.4. ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS OF

CNCMACHINES:
Advantages of CNC machines
 Machining is accurate.
 Time taken to perform a job is very less.
 Safe to operate.
 Number of operators required to operate a machine are reduced.
 No possibility of human error.
 Reliable.
 Even very complex designs can also be made.
 Low maintenance required.
 They are versatile.
 Uniformity in designs.
 They could run for all 24 hours a day.

Disadvantages of CNC machines
 They are costly.
 Trained operator is required to operate the machine.
 In case of breakdown a highly skilled professional is required to solve the

problem.
Applications of CNC machines
 Metal removal industries.
 Material fabrication industries.
 For non-conventional machining industries where the machining task is difficult

toperform manually.

CHAPTER 3
CNC PROGRAMING
CNC Programming is made of blocks & blocks are made by commands.

Commands areprovided for different functions.
Types of
CNC
Programming
Absolute Incremental
programme programme
Diameter Radius Diameter Radius
Fig.6. Types of CNC Programming
CNC Programming Elements:
I. Command.
II. Block.
III. Different Addressing Code.
IV. Program Scan.
V. Program Header.
VI. Program Footer.

3.1.DIFFERENT ADDRESSING CODE:

G – Code: These are Preparatory function codes & used for different function.
Table.2. G-codes
G CODES DESCRIPTION
GOO Rapid positioning

GO1 Linear interpolation
GO2 Circular interpolation CW
GO3 Circulation interpolation CCW
GO4 Dwell
G17 X Y plane selection
G18 Z X plane selection
G19 Y Z plane selection
G28 Return to reference position
G3O 2nd , 3rd and 4t h reference position
G4O Cutter compensation cancel
G41 Cutter compensation left
G42 Cutter compensation right
G43 Tool length compensation+ direction
G44 Tool length compensation –direction
G49 Tool length compensation cancel
G53 M ach ine coordinate system selection
G54 Work piece coordinate system 1 selection
G68 Coordinate rotation
G69 Coordinate rotation cancel
G73 Peak drilling cycle
G74 Left-spiral cutting circle
G76 Fine boring cycle
G80 Canned cycle cancel
G81 Drilling cycle, spot boring cycle
G82 Drilling cycle or counter boring cycle
G83 Peak drilling cycle

G84 Tapping cycle

G85 Boring cycle
G86 Boring cycle
G87 Back boring cycle
G88 Boring cycle
G89 Boring cycle
G90 Absolute command
G91 Increment command
G92 Setting for work coordinate system
G98 Return to initial point in canned cycle
G99 Return to R point in canned cycle
M – Code: These are miscellaneous function codes and it is used for Start / Stop of
anyfunction.
Table.3. M-Codes
M CODES DESCRIPTION
M00 Program stop

M01 Optional program stop
M02 End of program
M03 Spindle start forward CW
M04 Spindle starts reverse CCW
MOS Spindle stop
M06 Tool change
M07 Coolant ON – mist coolant
M08 Coolant ON – flood coolant
M09 Coolant OFF
M19 Spindle orientation
M28 Return to origin
M29 Rigid tap
M30 End of program(reset)
M41 Low gear select
M42 High gear select
M94 Cancel mirror image
M95 Mirror image of X-axis
M96 Mirror image of Y-axis
M98 Subprogram call
M99 End of program

CHAPTER 4
CNC OPERATIONS
Numerical Control (also computer numerical control and commonly called CNC) is
automated control of machining tools (such as drills, lathes, mills and 3D printers) by
means of computer. A CNC machine process a piece of material (metal, plastic, wood,
ceramic or composite) to meet specifications by following a coded program instruction and
without a manual operator directly controlling the machine operation.
A CNC machine is a motorized maneuverable tool and often motorized
maneuverable platform, which are both controlled by a computer, according to specific
input instructions.
CNC is a vast improvement over non computerized machining that must be
manually controlled (example: Using devices such as hand wheels or leavers) or
mechanically controlled by free fabricated pattern guides (cams). In model CNC system,
the design of mechanical part and its manufacturing programme is highly automated. The
parts mechanical dimensions are defined using CAD software and then translated in to
manufacturing directives by computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software. The resulting
directives are transform (by “post processor” software) in to the specific command
necessary for a particular machine to produce the component and then are loaded into the
CNC machine.
4.1. Operating Mode:
1. Manual mode – manual mode is used for individual start / stop of any function.
Different functions:
Chuck clamp/D clamp – chuck is used for holding the job.
Method –
Step 1 – select jog mode
Step 2 – chuck clamp / D clamp by foot switch
Conditions – all axis should be at home.

Turret index – turret is the tool holding device used for holding the tool & supporting
against cutting force.
Different stations are used for holding different tools 8 station turret is using in this
machine.
Conditions – all axis should be at home.
2. Auto mode – auto is used for automatic running of NC program.
Single block – block by block running program.
Method –
Step 1 – select auto
Step 2 – select single block
Step 3 – press cycle start button -> single block
Will work on pressing one time to the cycle start button for next block repeating cycle
start button.

4.2. CNC Machine parts and their Function
Table .4. CNC machine parts and their function

FUNCTION ACTIVITY JOG HANDLE MDI AUTO/PROG.
MAIN on direct direct direct direct
SWITCH&
1
SERVO off direct direct direct direct
STAB.
on direct direct direct direct
2 CNC off direct direct direct direct
on direct direct direct direct
HYDRAULI
3 off direct direct direct direct
C
MO3
CW PB NA S1200 ; MO3 S1200 ;
4 SPINDLE MO4 S
CCW PB NA MO4 S .......... ;
stop PB NA MO5 ; MO5 ;
on PB NA MO7 ; MO7 ;
5 COOLENT off PB NA M09 ; M09 ;
clamp foot switch NA M10 ; M10 ;
6 CHUCK D clampfoot switch NA M11 ; M11 ;
TURRETIN PB NA T0202 ; T0202 ;
7 DEX Note : Turret index will be possible
when X& Zare at home
Select GO
Select JOG
+ handleselect X….. GO X….. Z……
Select AXIS
(X) or Z……;
then (+) or
- (Z) select
(-)speed
X AXIS speed[X1],
controlby [X10],
feed [X100]
8
override move MPG
speed
control
depends on
handle
rotate &
speed select

4.3. Method of inserting new program:
Table.5. Methods of inserting new program.
Step 1 Select edit mode.

Step 2 Programme protect key (PPK) on.
Step 3 Select Programme function key.
Step 4 Open directory (DIR) by using soft keys in CRT.
Step 5 Type Programme no. (which programme no not use in diection).
Step 6 Then Insert.
Step 7 End of Block (EOB) Insert.
Step 8 Insert Programme sequencly in blocks.
Step 9 Programme protect key (PPK) off.
Note:
1. End of Block (EOB) not use in time of inserting program no.
2. Decimal Point is must with X & Z valve.
4.4. CNC machine start Procedure:
Table .6. CNC machine start Procedure.
Step1 Servo stabilizer ON by green push button.

Step 2 Door Close (CNC machine).
Step 3 Emergency press.
Step 4 CNC on by green push button (Hydraulic system will be
automatically ON)
Step 5 Emergency release.
Step 6 Check alarm, press reset if not the rectify.
Step 7 Check Hydraulic Pressure (40-45 bar).
Step 8 Check chuck pressure (8-25 bar) & tail stock pressure (8-16 bar).
Step 9 Check lubrication level & pressure (should be at green level).
Step 10 Check machine home position if not then make home.
Step 11 Machine is ready for operation.

4.5. Operating Panel Keys:
Fig.7. Operating panel keys.

4.6. CNC Milling Machine:
Fig .8. CNC Milling Machine
Offset: To make a new point in software or shifting any point in software from its actual
position known as offset.
Geometry Offset: Geometry Offset is used for making job origin or job Centre at a
distance from M/c home position. Geometry Offset is used for tool held in the turret each
tool requires separate geometry offset
Wear Offset: Were offset is used for shifting the tool from its actual position by
giving thevalve in software. In CNC turning wear offset is used in X&Z axis
Work shift Offset: Work shift Offset is used for shifting the job origin from its actual
position by giving the value in software.

4.7. PROJECT WORK ON CNC MACHINES:
4.7.1.Face Milling Operation
Figure 9: Face Milling Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G71 G90 G54 G17 G94;
N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 CYCLE 71(50, 0,0.25,-0.25,0,0,80,120,0,0.25,0,1,0,0,300,11,0);
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09;
N100 M30;

4.7.2. Pocket Milling Operation
a) Rectangular Pocket Milling
Fig 10: Rectangular Pocket Milling Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94;
N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 POCKET3(20, -0.2,0.1,-0.6,40,20,6,50,72.5,0,0, , ,200,300,0,11, , , , , );
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09;
N100 M30;

b) Circular Pocket Milling Operation
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Fig 11: Circular Pocket Milling Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94;

N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 POCKET4(20,0, 0.2 ,-0.6,10,50,72.5,0.2, , ,200,300,0,11, , , , , );
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09;
N100 M30;

4.7.3. Slot Milling Operation:
Fig.12: Slot Milling Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94 ;

N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 SLOT2(20,0, 0.2 ,-0.4,0.4,2,45,12,50,72.5,35,-22.5,100, 200,300,0.2,3, , , , , );
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09;
N100 M30;

4.7.4. Side Milling Operation
Fig 13 : Side Milling Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94 ;

N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 CYCLE76(50,0,0.5,-0.5,0.5,80,160,6,55,90,0,0.2, , ,500,50,0,1, , , , );
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09;
N100 M30;

4.7.5. Long Hole Operation
Fig.14:Long Hole Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94;

N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
\N40 M03 S1500;
N50 G0 X0 Y0;
N60 G0 Z5;
N70 LONGHOLE(50,0, 0.5 ,-0.5,0.5,2,20 ,50,90,25,0,90,50,600,0.2);
N80 G0 Z100;
N90 M05 M09; N100 M30;

4.7.6. Drill Operation
Fig .15: Drill Operation
Program:
N10 G64 G90 G54 G17 G94;

N20 G75 Z0;
N30 T01 D1;
N40 M03 S800;
N50 G0 Z20;
N60 G0 X0 Y0;
N70 G01 Z0 F300;
N80 MCALL CYCLE83(50,0,0.5,-5,5,-0.5,0.5, , , ,0.5,0,3,0.5,1, ,0);
N90 HOLES2 ( 75,40,10,45,45,8);
N100 G0 Z100;
N110 M05 M09; N120 M30;

4.7.7. Milling Programming:
Fig.16: Milling Programming Operation
G00 G17 G21 G40 G49 G64 G80 G94 G98;

G91 G28 Z0;
G91 G28 X0 Y0;
T2 M06;
G90 G54 G00 X-15 Y-15 M03 S2000;
G43 H02 Z50 M08;
G01 Z0 F150;
M97 P5000 L4;
G00 Z50 M05;
G91 G28 Z0 M09;
G91 G28 X0 Y0;
M30;
;
N5000;
G91 G01 Z-0.25 F150;
G90 G41 D02 X5 F250;
Y45;
G01 X15 Y55;
G01 X35;
G03 X65 Y55 R15;
G01 X93;
G01 X103 Y45;
Y25;
G02 X93 Y15 R10;
G01 X65;
G02 X45 Y15 R10;
G01 X-15;
G40 Y-15;
M99;

Fig.17: CNC Milling Object

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
Hence, I have successfully studied about the CNC machine tool and their function.
With their G & M codes and operation performed on this type of machine tool.
The importance of lathes and milling machines even if they are conventional cannot
be undermined. These machines have played a real important role in bringing about
industrial revolution and have laid the foundations. But the bringing about of the new
technology in the present era is very important. The conventional machines are required in
small quantities whereas the CNC machines must be increased to improve the quantity
and quality of production.
CNC Milling Machines provide the technology, precision, accuracy, and consistent
flow of procedures for a high production rate. They have the features that make them fast,
with low to zero human errors. You can save time and money and lessen the risk of
wastage of materials. One does not have to fuss over its operation. However, people with
the right credentials must handle it to ensure that the production is smooth day after day.
CNC is a very popular method of creating parts. These machines offer extreme
precision at a fast rate. CNC machines are very complex and being able to efficiently
operate one takes much time and practice. Although most of the codes are similar, CNC
machines are different from model to model. CNC milling is not easy at first but mastery
of it allows you to create a plethora of usable parts in a very short time frame

REFERENCES
i. About Krishna Automation from – (http://www.krishnaautomation.com/aboutus-

krishnaautomation.html)
ii. CNC Training at KITC in Gurugram (Gurgaon) Link -

http://www.kitc.in/index.html
iii. Machining Fundamentals By JOHN R WALKER, BOB DIXON
iv. Machining and CNC Technology By MICHAEL FITZPATRICK, KEITHSMITH

v. S. Sridevi et al “A Methodology of Retrofitting For CNC Vertical Milling
Machine” International Conference on Robotics, Automation, Control and
Embedded Systems – RACE 2015
vi. Pulkit Bhasin et al “Design and Fabrication of Low-Cost Wood Working Mini
CNC Milling Machine for Students Skill Development” International Journal of
Advance Research and Innovation Volume 8 Issue 1 (2020) 30-33 ISSN 2347 -
3258
vii. Delta Tau Data System, Inc. (2003). Pmac Plot Software User Manual
https://www.ripublication.co. PDF Implementation 3-Axis CNC Router for Small
Scale Industry
viii. https://www.ijtsrd.com papers PDF Mini CNC Plotter and Laser Engraver -
International Journal of.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)
1. Graduates will acquire fundamental technical knowledge and mathematical

skills to become successful mechanical engineer to serve the industry and
society.
2. Graduates will equip themselves with self - learning abilities for a

professional career and pursue higher studies or entrepreneurial endeavors to
meet the social challenges.
3. Graduates will harness the potential to bridge the gap between industry and
academia for societal needs with a focus on research and innovation.
Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
1. Ability to understand the concept of mechanical engineering and apply them

in various areas like design and development, thermal and fluid systems,
materials and manufacturing, automation, and management science to solve the
real time problems.
2. Ability to solve mechanical engineering problems using analytical, hardware,

software, and computational tools with a focus on research and innovation to
arrive at sustainable and cost effective solution.

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Visvesvaraya Technological University

JnanaSangama, Belagavi-590018, Karnataka, India

Internship carried out at

Internal Guide External Guide

VISION AND MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT

This is to certified that Mr.VADIRAJA DABER. bearing USN

GUIDE Dr. SYED AHAMED

Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

I VADIRAJA DABER. bearing USN:4UB19ME061 student of 8th semester

Date: Signature of the Student

We express our sense of gratitude to our guide Dr.S.B.PRAKASH, Professor,

We are special sense of gratitude to Dr.S.B.DANDAGI, Principal, University BDT

Machine CNC (Computer Numerical Control) is a machine controlled by a

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,UBDTCE

Chapter Description Page No.

2 INTRODUCTION OF CNC MACHINE 4

4.1 Operating Mode 12-13

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,UBDTCE

TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,UBDTCE

Fig .1. Symbol of Govt Tool Room & Training centre

State Government of Karnataka has encouraged GTTC to start 20 more sub-

GTTC is an autonomous society, a recognized scientific and Research organization

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 1

Fig .2:LAYOUT OF GTTC

Fig.3. Block Diagram of CNC Lathe

GTTC is concentrating on the Integrated Development of the related segments of

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 3

1.2 COMPANY PROFILE:

Company Name: Govt Tool Room and Training Centre

Management Type: Government Business

Type: Manufacture and Training CAD/CAM/CNC

Nature of Business: Training Centre

Director: H Raghavendra IRPS

Address: Plot No:22 C&D,kiadb Industrial Area, Harlapura, Harihar-577601

Fax No: 08192-24937

Parent Organization: GTTC

1.3.VISION AND MISSION:

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 4

CNC is stand for “Computerized Numerical Control” A machine which is controlled by

2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF CNC MACHINE:

Fig.4. Classification of CNC Machine

2.2. COORDINATE SYSTEM:

AXIS: Horizontal and vertical lines are known as Axis.

Horizontal Axis Vertical Axis

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 5

PLANE: A plane has two axes.

Fig .5. Coordinate system

PLANE SECTION IN CNC:

Table.1. Plane Selection in CNC Lathe M/C.

G17 X-Y VMC

G18 X-Z CNC turning

G19 Y-Z HMC

Coordinate: The value of axis at any point of a plane known as coordinate.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , UBDTCE Page 6

2.3. VERTICAL MACHINING CENTERS (VMC)

a. C- frame machines (PX series, VMC series)

b. Fixed table travelling column