Science: Concentrations of Solutions

I SCIENCE
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

School Year 2020-2021
Teacher: Ms. Mechelle N.

Quarter: FIRST
Constante
Subject:
Week : 6
SCIENCE
Grade Level: 7 Dates Covered: Aug 31-Sep 4, 2020 (Student’s Name)
LESSON 6
Concentrations of solutions

Lesson Description:
The concentration of a solution

expresses the amount of solute dissolved in a
given quantity of solvent or solution. Because
reactions often take place in a solution, it is
important to understand the methods of
expressing concentration and to know how to
prepare solutions of particular concentrations.
(Exploring Life Through Science 7, p. 76)
Course Objectives:

1. I can identify measures of concentration
2. I can solve problems on different measures of concentration
3. I can relate the importance of measuring concentrations of solutions in daily life.
MODULE 11
Title: Percentage Concentration and Molarity
Concentration of solutions may be expressed in percentage. Mass
percent, volume percent, and mass/volume percent of any solution
Description:
may be obtained by using a formula. This module deals with the
process of solving percentage concentration and molarity.
DIP: How to Calculate Percent Concentration?

Directions: Watch the video, “How to calculate percent concentration (percent by mass,
volume, mass/volume)” at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOdznb6N1D4
page 1
DEEPEN: Percent Concentration and Molarity
Concentrations can be expressed by using percentages. Three different types of

percentage concentrations are used to include: mass percent, volume percent and mass/volume
percent.
Mass Percent
Percent by mass (m/m) is the mass of solute divided by the total mass of the solution,
multiplied by 100 %.
Percent by mass
m mass solute
Formula = % m = mass X 100
solution
Sample Problem:
A 15-g salt is dissolved in 50 grams of water. What is the percent by mass of
salt in the solution?
Given: mass of solute = 15 g
mass of solution = mass of solute + mass of solvent = 15 g + 50 g = 65 g
m 15 g
Solution: % m = 65 g
x 100 % = 23.08%
Volume Percent
The percentage of solute in a solution can more easily be determined by volume when
the solute and solvent are both liquids. The volume of the solute divided by the volume
of solution expressed as a percent yields the percent by volume of the
solution.
v volume solute
Formula = % v = volume X 100
solution
If a solution is made by adding 40 mL of ethanol to 20 mL of water, the percent by

volume is:
page 2
Percent by Mass/Volume
This method expresses concentration as grams of solute per 100mL of solution.
m mass solute
Formula = % v = volume X 100
solution
What is the weight/volume percentage concentration of 250 mL of aqueous sodium

chloride solution containing 5 g NaCl?
1. Write the equation used to calculate the weight/volume (%) :
m mass solute
% v = volume X 100
solution
2. Identify the solute:
solute = sodium chloride = NaCl
3. Extract the data from the question:
mass solute (NaCl) = 5 g

volume of solution = 250 mL
4. Substitute the values into the equation and solve:
m 5g
❑
% v = 250 mL X 100 = 2g/mL %
❑
Molarity
Molarity is the ratio of number of moles of solute and the volume of solution.
Number of mole (abbreviation: mol) is a measure of amount of substance.
mole of solute unit∈mole mol

Molarity (M) = volume of solution = unit ∈liter
=
L
Sample Problem:
Two moles of sodium chloride is dissolved in three liters of water. What is the molarity
of the solution?
2mol mol
Given: mole of solute = 2 mol NaCl Solution: M = 3 L = 0.67 L = 0.67 M
volume of solution = 3 L
page 3
DO: Let’s Answer
Directions: Solve the following problems. Show your solutions clearly and systematically.
1. Calculate the percent by mass of 35.0 grams of mercury (II) sulfate dissolved in 85.0
grams solution.
2. Ten (10) mL of calcium hydroxide was added to 100 mL of water to form a solution.
What is the percent by volume of solution?
1. A pharmacist dissolves 3 moles of magnesium hydroxide in enough water to make a 1.0
L of solution. What is the molarity?
2. Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 2 moles of table salt (NaCl) in 4000 mL
solution.
DISCERN:
Values Integration
Reflect on the question below and write your thoughts in the space given.
Does the amount of good thing you do really matter to God? Why do you think so?
page 4
MODULE 12
Title: Concentration of Solutions: ppm and ppb
Very low solute concentrations are often expressed using
appropriately small units such as parts per million (ppm) or parts
Description: per billion (ppb). Like percentage (“part per hundred”) units, ppm
and ppb may be defined in terms of masses, volumes, or mixed mass-
volume units.
DIP: Salinity and Its Importance to Marine Life

Read the article found in the website given below to learn about salinity and its effect to
marine life:
https://www.thoughtco.com/salinity-definition-2291679#:~:text=Seawater%20has%20an%20average
%20of,regulate%20its%20intake%20of%20saltwater.
The simplest salinity definition is that it is a measure of dissolved salts in a

concentration of water. Salts in seawater include not just sodium chloride (table
salt) but other elements such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium.
These substances get into the ocean through complex processes including
volcanic eruptions and hydrothermal vents as well as less complex ways such as
the wind and rocks on land, which dissolve into sand and then salt.
Key Takeaways: Defining Salinity
 Seawater has an average of 35 parts of dissolved salt per thousand parts of

water, or 35 ppt. By comparison, tap water has a salinity level of 100 parts
per million (ppm).
 Salinity levels can affect the movement of ocean currents. They can also
affect marine life, which may need to regulate its intake of saltwater.
 The Dead Sea, located between Israel and Jordan, is the saltiest body of
water in the world with a salinity level or 330,000 ppm, or 330 ppt,
making it nearly 10 times saltier than the world's oceans.
page 5
DEEPEN: ppm and ppb
The concentration of a very small quantity of a substance in the environment, or in
human body, can be expressed in ppm (parts per million) or ppb (parts per billion).
masssolute
Concentration (ppm) = masssolution
X 10
6
masssolute
Concentration (ppb) = masssolution
X 109
 These expressions of concentration can also be used with mass per volume
(m/v).
 For percent by mass, the units of the mass in the numerator and denominator
should be the same (either both in gram or both in milligram).
 For percent mass per volume, the unit of mass should be milligram (mg) and
for volume, the unit should be in liter (L).
page 6
DO: How well do you know
1. A 4 L of water has 400 mg of sodium chloride. What is the concentration of the solution
in ppm and ppb?
2. What is the concentration in ppm of selenium if 1.3 milligrams is found in 2500 kg of

soil?
DISCERN: Journal
Reflect on the question below and write your thoughts in the space given.
In the eyes of God, do you think the value of small and big things, white or black, kind or not,
is the different? Why do you say so?
page 7

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I SCIENCE

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Teacher: Ms. Mechelle N.

The concentration of a solution

DIP: How to Calculate Percent Concentration?

Concentrations can be expressed by using percentages. Three different types of

If a solution is made by adding 40 mL of ethanol to 20 mL of water, the percent by

This method expresses concentration as grams of solute per 100mL of solution.

What is the weight/volume percentage concentration of 250 mL of aqueous sodium

1. Write the equation used to calculate the weight/volume (%) :

solute = sodium chloride = NaCl

3. Extract the data from the question:

mass solute (NaCl) = 5 g

4. Substitute the values into the equation and solve:

mole of solute unit∈mole mol

DIP: Salinity and Its Importance to Marine Life

The simplest salinity definition is that it is a measure of dissolved salts in a

Key Takeaways: Defining Salinity

 Seawater has an average of 35 parts of dissolved salt per thousand parts of

2. What is the concentration in ppm of selenium if 1.3 milligrams is found in 2500 kg of

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