BOOK

THREE
FIRST WEEK
UNIT
ONE
Repaso (Primera Parte)

Verbos
Verbos Presente Presente continuo En Español
Am Am being Ser
Be Are Are being Estar
Is Is being

Have Am having
Have Has Are having Tener
Is having

Am doing
Do Does Are doing Hacer
Is doing

Say Am saying
Say Says Are saying Decir
Is saying
Get Am getting
Get Gets Are getting Obtener
Is getting
 Make Am making Hacer
Make Makes Are making Fabricar
Is making

Go Am going
Go Goes Are going Ir
Is going

Know Am knowing
Know Knows Are knowing Saber
Is knowing

Take Am taking Tomar

Take Takes Are taking Llevar
Is taking

See Am seeing Ver

See Sees Are seeing
Is seeing

Come Am coming
Come Are coming
Comes Venir
Is coming
 Think Am thinking
Think Thinks Are thinking Pensar
Is thinking

Look Am looking
Look Looks Are looking Mirar
Is looking

Give Am giving
Give
Gives Are giving Dar
Is giving

Use Am using
Use Uses Are using Usar
Is using

Find Am finding
Find Finds Are finding Encontrar
Is finding

Tell Am telling Decir

Tell Tells Are telling Narrar
Is telling
 Ask Am asking
Ask Asks Are asking Preguntar
Is asking

Work Am working
Work Are working Trabajar
Works
Is working

Feel Am feeling
Feel Feels Are feeling Sentir
Is feeling

Try Am trying
Try Tries Are trying Tratar
Is trying

Leave Am leaving
Leave Dejar
Leaves Are leaving
Retirarse
Is leaving

Call Am calling
Llamar
Call Calls Are calling
Is calling

Orden de palabras en la oración Estructura: Sujeto + verbo + complemento

UNIT
TWO
Repaso (Segunda Parte)

Presente simple vs. Presente “ING”

Tiempo
verbal Construcción Ejemplo
Estructura: Sujeto + verbo + complemento

Presente El verbo en infinitivo, más la “s” al final del Ejemplo

simple I/ you/ we/ they work
verbo en la tercera persona del singular.
He/ she/ it works

Para negar se utiliza el auxiliar “don't” o I/ you/ we/ they don't work
“doesn't” si es la tercera persona del singular). He/ she/ it doesn't work
Tiempo
verbal Construcción Ejemplo
Estructura:
Sujeto + Auxiliar Be + Verbo con terminación ing + complemento I am working
presente en presente You/ we/ they are working
Presente (Am / Are /Is) He/ she/ it is working
contínuo

Negación: am/ are/ is not I am not working

She is not working
you aren't working
Preguntas cortas (attached questions)
Tiempo verbal Oración Attached question

-Giovanni isn't very careful, is he?

-Your parents are young, aren't they?
Presente simple verbo BE
-You are a student, aren't you?
-The blonde girl is your sister, isn't she?

-This house doesn't belong to you, does it?

Presente simple auxiliar Do/ Does -You understand this lesson, don't you?
-She lives with her parents, doesn't she?
Preguntas con ARE, IS, DO, DOES.

Estructura: Verbo Be en presente + Sujeto + Complemento + ?

( Am / Are / Is)

Ejemplos:
Are you an English student?
Is she Italian?
Is your teacher American?

Estructura: Auxiliar en presente + Sujeto + Complemento + ?

( Do / Does )

Ejemplos:
Does Harry use his father's car?
Do you often write in your notebook?
Does Mr. Parker usually sit near the door?
Preguntas con Palabras Interrogativas.

Palabra interrogativa Palabra interrogativa Información

en inglés en español que se busca Ejemplo
WHO…? ¿Quién…? La identidad de Who are you?
una persona ¿Quién eres?

WHAT…? ¿Qué…? La naturaleza What is that?

de una cosa ¿Qué es eso?

When is she leaving?

WHEN…? ¿Cuándo...? El tiempo, el momento ¿Cuándo se va?

WHOSE...? ¿De quién...? La pertenencia Whose shoes are these?

¿A quién...? ¿De quién son estos zapatos?

HOW OFTEN...? ¿Cuántas veces...? La frecuencia How often do you drink coffee?
¿Cuántas veces tomas café?

WHAT TIME…? ¿Qué hora…? La hora What time is it?

¿Qué hora es?
Ejemplos:
What is your favorite subject in school?
Who is your sister?
What time is it?
Whose car is that?

Repaso de pronombres complementarios

Pronombres complementarios Equivalentes en español
Me
Me Mí
A mí

Te
You A ti

Lo
Him Le
A él
Tiempo
verbal Construcción Ejemplo
Estructura:
Sujeto + Auxiliar Be + Verbo con terminación ing + complemento I am working
presente en presente You/ we/ they are working
Presente (Am / Are /Is) He/ she/ it is working
contínuo

Negación: am/ are/ is not I am not working

She is not working
you aren't working
 Pronombres complementarios Equivalentes en español
Le
Her La
A ella

It Lo

Nos
Us A nosotros

Les
You A vosotros
A usted

Los
Las
@Them Les
A ellos

Ejemplos:
The bike belongs to me
The house belongs to us
My brother doesn't like them
UNIT
THREE
A. WAS, WERE
El pasado simple se utiliza para informar de lo que sucedía o no en un momento preciso
del pasado reciente o lejano.

Conjugación del verbo To be en pasado simple

Verbo To Be Equivalentes
Persona en pasado simple en español

Singular

I Was Yo era / Yo estaba

You Were Tú eras / Tú estabas

He Él era / Él estaba
She Was Ella era / Ella estaba
It Ello era / Ello estaba
 Verbo To Be Equivalentes
Persona en pasado simple en español

Plural

We Nosotros éramos / Nosotros estábamos

You Were Vosotros eran / Vosotros estaban

Ustedes eran / Ustedes estaban

They Ellos eran/ Ellos estaban

Ellas eran / Ellas estaban
1. Las formas del pasado verbo BE son WAS y WERE. Se usa WAS con I, HE, SHE y IT; se usa
WERE con WE, YOU y THEY.

SINGULAR PLURAL
I WAS we WERE

you WERE you WERE

he WAS they WERE

she WAS they WERE

it WAS they WERE

 2. En las oraciones afirmativas, el sujeto precede al verbo y el complemento los sigue:

Estructura: Sujeto + verbo Be en pasado simple + complemento

(was / were)

SUJETO Verbo Complemento

I WAS in Course two last term.

The Morgans WERE at Bert’s party last Saturday

Observación: No se usa el artículo THE con las expresiones last trimester, last Saturday, etc.
Ejemplo de pasado simple:
She was waiting at the bus stop
That was my car.
He was nervous
 Expressions for Past Tense
last ago yesterday in + (a specific point in the past)

last night 10 minutes ago yesterday in 1970

last Sunday an hour ago yesterday morning in March

last week three days ago yesterday afternoon

Ejemplo de las expresiones

last weekend a week ago yesterday evening para pasado:
The movie ended five minutes ago
last year a month ago the day before yesterday My parents traveled to Japan last month
She left the hospital yesterday
She was born in 1999
last month a year ago
Ejercicios
Coloque was o were dependiendo de la oración

1. Helen ___ absent from class yesterday

2. We ___ at the movies last night
3. John and Mary ___with us
4. Mr Smith __ in Chicago last week
5. Yesterday __ Thursday

Respuestas:
1. was 2. were 3. were 4. was 5. was
 3. Las formas negativas del pasado del verbo BE son WASN’T y WEREN’T
(WAS NOT y WERE NOT)

Estructura: Sujeto + verbo Be en pasado simple en negación + complemento

(wasn't / weren't)

Sujeto Verbo + not Complemento

Dr. Wilson WASN’T at his office yesterday.

Mr. and Mrs. Clark WEREN’T in town last weekend.

4. En las oraciones interrogativas, el verbo precede al sujeto y los sigue el complemento:

Estructura: verbo Be en pasado simple + Sujeto + complemento + ?

(was / were)

Verbo Sujeto Complemento

WERE you sleepy this morning?

WAS Richard at the dance last Saturday night?

 5. Las respuestas a preguntas con WAS y WERE son las siguientes:
Estructura afirmativa

Estructura: Yes + Pronombre personal + verbo

(was / were)

Estructura negativa

Estructura: No + Pronombre personal + verbo

( wasn't / weren't)

a) WERE you absent last Monday?

Completa afirmativa: Yes, I WAS absent last Monday.
Corta Afirmativa: Yes, I WAS

b) WERE the Morgans at home Yesterday?

Completa Negativa: No, they WEREN’T at home yesterday.
Corta Negativa: No, they WEREN’T
Ejercicios
Responda las siguientes preguntas con una respuesta corta afirmativa o negativa.

1. Was the teacher late for class yesterday?

2. Was your father at home yesterday?
3. Were you and your family at the beach last weekend?

Respuestas:
1. Yes, She was / No, She wasn't
2. Yes, He was / No, He wasn't
3. Yes, We were / No, we weren't
UNIT
FOUR
A. THERE WAS, THERE WERE
1. THERE WAS y THERE WERE (Hubo, había) son expresiones impersonales.
En oraciones afirmativas, THERE WAS precede a sustantivos singulares o a mass
nouns; THERE WERE precede a sustantivos plurales.

Singular Plural

Se utiliza there was para para expresar la Se utiliza there were para para expresar la
existencia de algo en pasado, en singular. existencia de algunas cosas en pasado, en
plural.

There was a spider in my room. There were three people waiting.

Había una araña en mi cuarto. Había tres personas esperando.
Singular Plural

There wasn't a thing I could do about it. There weren't any chocolate left.
No había nada que yo pudiera hacer / Yo no No quedaban bombones.
pude hacer nada [al respecto].

Ejemplo:
a) THERE WAS a party at the school last Friday
b) THERE WEREN’T many students in your class last trimester
2. Las respuestas cortas a preguntas con WAS THERE y WERE THERE son las siguientes:
Ejemplo:
a) WAS THERE a concert last Sunday?
Yes, THERE WAS.
b) WERE THERE many cars downtown yesterday?
No, THERE WEREN’T.
OBSERVACIÓN: Las contracciones solo se usan en las respuestas cortas negativas.
Ejercicios
Responda las siguientes preguntas con una respuesta corta afirmativa o negativa

1. Was there a secretary in your class last term?

2. Were there many holidays last term?

Respuestas:
1. Yes, There was / No, there wasn't
2. Yes, There were / No, there weren't
UNIT
FIVE
A. ATTACHED QUESTIONS ( Preguntas cortas) con el verbo BE en el pasado.

1. La pregunta corta se agrega a una oración afirmativa en el pasado con el

verbo BE se forma con WASN’T o WEREN’T + el PRONOMBRE nominativo que
corresponde al sujeto de la oración. Recordar que si la oración está en
afirmativo la attached question va a estar en negativo y viceversa.

Ejemplo:

a) Mr. Lewis WAS absent yesterday, WASN’T HE?

b) The Morgans WERE in Alaska last year. WEREN’T THEY?
2. En las oraciones que comienzan con THERE WAS (WERE), las preguntas
cortas se forman con WASN’T (WEREN’T) THERE. En las oraciones que
comienzan con THERE WASN’T (WEREN’T), las preguntas cortas se forman
con WAS (WERE) THERE.

Ejemplo:

a) THERE WAS a football game last Sunday, WASN’T THERE?

b) THERE WEREN’T many holidays last term, WERE THERE?
3. Las respuestas a preguntas cortas con el verbo BE en el pasado pueden
ser completas o cortas.

Ejemplo:

a) Mr. Lewis was absent yesterday, WASN’T HE?

Afirmativas: Yes, he was absent yesterday

o
Yes, he was.

Negativa: No, he wasn’t absent yesterday

o
No, he wasn’t
UNIT
SIX
A. WORD STUDY

1. Los WORD STUDIES contienen vocabulario, modismo o gramática especiales que

son útiles en la vida diaria y, por lo tanto, deben aprenderse de memoria.

2. En el WORD STUDY de esta lección presentamos la forma imperativa de algunos

verbos y de algunas expresiones comunes que se usan en la clase.
La forma imperativa de los verbos en inglés es invariable.

Ejemplo:
a) Mr. Lewis WAS absent yesterday, WASN’T HE?
b) The Morgans WERE in Alaska last year. WEREN’T THEY?
Ejemplo:

SPEAK louder! ¡Habla más alto!

COME to the blackboard! ¡Ven a la pizarra!
LISTEN carefully Escucha atentamente
PAY attention! Presta atención
Answer the questions! ¡Responde las preguntas!

B. READING I (Véase en las primeras páginas de este libro:

SYNOPSIS OF THE STORY TO DATE)
CONVERSATION I
UNIT
SEVEN
A. Preguntas con palabras
interrogativas + WAS y WERE.
1. WHO + WAS pregunta por una persona o varias personas, sujeto de
la respuesta.

Estructura: Palabra Interrogativa WHO + verbo Be en pasado simple + complemento + ?

(was / were)

Palabra Signo de
Interrogativa Verbo Complemento interrogación

WHO WAS absent last time ?

Respuesta a la pregunta:
JOHN WAS absent last time.
o
JOHN and GLORIA were absent last time.

2. En preguntas con otras palabras interrogativas el orden de

palabras es el siguiente:

Estructura: Palabra Interrogativa + verbo Be en pasado simple + sujeto + complemento + ?

(was / were)
Complemento Signo de
Interrogativo Auxiliar Sujeto Complemento interrogación

WHO was Lucy with last night ?

WHERE were you last night ?

WHAT TIME was the concert over last night ?

WHOSE car was Mrs Sullivan using yesterday ?

WHEN was he there ?

UNIT
EIGHT
A. El tiempo PASADO de los VERBOS REGULARES
1. En la mayoría de los verbos en inglés se agrega “ed” o “d” a la forma sencilla
para formar el pasado. A estos verbos se les llama VERBOS REGULARES. La forma
en pasado es la misma para todas las personas.

SINGULAR PLURAL
I worked we worked
you worked you worked
he worked they worked
she worked they worked
it worked they worked
2. Si la forma sencilla del verbo (a) termina en una consonante, se le agrega “ed”;
(b) si termina en “e”, se le agrega una “d”; si termina en “y” precedida de una
consonante, se cambia la “y” a “i” antes de agregar “ed”, (d) si termina en
consonante, precedida de una sola vocal, y el acento prosódico cae en esa vocal,
se duplica la consonante final antes de agregar “ed”.

(a) work-ED =WORKED

(b) live-D = LIVED
(c) study.-IED = STUDIED
(d) prefer-RED = PREFERRED

OBSERVACIÓN: Véase la página 60 para la pronunciación de la terminación “ed”

Ejemplos:
It rained yesterday
We learned our lesson
Helen wanted to go with us
I looked for you after the lesson
I studied the grammar exercise
John lived in Chicago
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