Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter includes the related ideas, finished thesis and conclusion from foreign to local studies about
academic stress and how it is related to the students academic performance.

FOREIGN STUDIES
An Indian researcher Prahbu (2020) find out the level of academic stress among higher secondary
students in Namakkal district, TamilNadu, India. The research stated that, higher secondary studentss
have a moderate level of academic stress. Academic stress is greater for male students than for female
students and academic stress is greater for urban students than for rural students, academic stress is
lower for students at government schools than it is for students in private schools and academic stress is
greater for students studying science than for students studying arts. The scholastic stress experienced
by students whose parents are literate is greater than that of their counterpart.The study's findings
indicate that keeping up with daily classes is a good idea given how stressed out higher secondary
students are about their academics. Strive to regularly attend lectures and pay attention during them. It
stated that students should avoid studying at the last minute and keep in mind that your body needs a
regular seven hours of sleep to perform properly. The optimal time and location for studying should be
determined, and each person has their own preferences. The topics that will be covered in detail in the
exams are known to the students, and looking over previous years' question papers should give the
students an idea of the format of the test. Taking regular, brief breaks while working encourages
relaxation and prolongs their concentration.

However, in the study of Saklofske, Austin, Mastoras, Beaton and Osborne (2016) the findings revealed
that, that the links between academic success and stress differed, and high stress was not associated
with poor academic performance. The findings means that students most likely has thier own coping
mechanisms that aids them to cope up with academic stress.

There are several studies that intends to find out the effects of academic stress among the students, one
of the said studies is the study of Glozah (2013) which was aimed investigate on how academic stress
influence the psychological wellbeing of Senior High School students in Accra Ghana. It was discovered
in the research that, the effect of academic stress was also significant, indicating that students who
reported moderate academic stress had significantly higher psychological well-being than those who
reported high and mild academic stress, with a large effect size.Girls reported higher levels of perceived
social support but also higher levels of depression. Boys reported higher academic stress and better
psychological well-being, which has been attributed in part to gender's socialization role.

In addition, academic stress also have a major effects on students behaviors during tha Covid-19
outbreak as Yamini and Chandra (2021) conducted a study that explored and analyze the of academic
stress experienced by students during online education. The findings indicated that academic stress is a
cause of students fear of academic failure that differ on students own online and home environment
among male and female students. Students were attempting to cope with the negative effects of the
pandemic situation by using emotional intelligence and distancing themselves from boredom and
depressive thoughts. Many of them have begun to divert their attention to various creative activities
and courses that are assisting them in learning new technical skills

Moreover, for further understanding about the effects academic stress.The study of Khan, Shamim and
Naeem (2019), revealed a link between test anxiety and academic stress.The results showed no
statistically significant difference between university students in terms of exam anxiety and academic
stress and it was also revealed that students experience exam anxiety as a result of academic stress.
The findings indicated that female students are more stressed out academically than male students. The
students who have completed 14 years of education experience more academic stress and exam anxiety
than those who have completed 16 years of study

Several studies also tried to ascertain the factors that is affecting academic stress among students, one
of the said studies is the study conducted at the Southern Region of United States by Karaman, Lerma,
Vela and Watson (2017), the study is aimed to explore about which factors were most associated with
academic stress among undergraduate students. The study stated that interventions are needed to ease
students’ academic stress.The findings of this study revealed that college students experienced more
academic stress than male students. Life satisfaction and gender were also found to be significant
predictors of academic stress. The study also discovered a negative relationship between life satisfaction
and academic stress, implying that as life satisfaction decreased, academic stress increased.

Also there are researches that tried find out the factors that can help the students to cope up with
academic stress such as the study of Rizkita (2020) about the relationship between peer support to the
academic stress experienced by students, but the findings indicate that, there was no relationship
between peer support for students experiencing academic stress in schools. This means that in their
study peer support or friends support do not aids the students in coping with academic stress. As the
researcher evaluated the result of the research, self-efficacy found as the one helping the students to
cope with academic stress

LOCAL STUDIES
In contrast to the study of Prahbu (2020) which state that higher secondary students have a moderate
level of academic stress. A study conducted by Tus (2020) states that Students stress did not create any
impact on students academic performance. The research intends to ascertain the association between
academic stress, academic motivation, and senior high school students' academic performance in a
Catholic school in Bulacan, Philippines.The study's results showed that students'motivation and stress
levels had little bearing on how well they performed in class. It was determined that students probably
have coping mechanisms like hobbies that lower their stress levels. Students' stress levels and levels of
motivation were both ordinary and above average, according to the study's findings. Also, the students'
overall and extremely overall academic performance was satisfactory. According to the study, it's
conceivable that students' time management and study skills contributed to their better academic
achievement.Thus, the research's findings show that the school educations and guidance programs at
the school should continue. The students should carry on their coping mechanisms, such as hobbies, to
mitigate their level of stress. Their motivation must also be kept above normal, which motivates them to
reach their and develop personally. Hence, the study recommends the educators keep up their
instructional strategies and techniques used with the students.

However dissimilarity to Tus (2020), the study of Hukom and Madrigal (2020) also showed in similar
results from Prahbu (2020) in their study that aimed to determine the level of academic stress and the
extent of coping strategies of high school students with single-parents in a Catholic School in Antique
during the school year 2019-2020.The study's conclusions showed that high school students experienced
academic stress. students that were categorized based on demographics had a low degree of academic
stress, regardless of their academic standing and the educational level of single parents. When the
grouping was made based on sex and monthly family income, however, a modest amount of academic
stress was discovered. It also showed that the greatest source of anxiety is fear of failure strain from
school. The study also revealed that high school students use a wide range of coping mechanisms
regardless of their academic standing, gender, family status, or whether or not they have single parents.

Correspondingly, a study by Oducado and Estoque (2021) that focus on determining the undergraduate
nursing students’ stress, satisfaction, and academic performance during online learning from one
nursing school in the Philippines. In light of the COVID-19 outbreak, the research shows that stress
associated with online learning has a negative influence on students' enjoyment and academic
performance. According to the study's findings, undergraduate nursing students found online learning to
be stressful (44.4%) and extremely stressful (47.21%) during the COVID-19 Outbreak.This study also
showed a strong and unfavorable inverse association between stress and students' academic
performance and happiness with online learning. The study's findings showed that, when it came to
online learning, more stress was associated with lower levels of happiness and worsened academic
achievement.