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ZOO VIEW
Herpetological Review, 2020, 51(2), 381–390.
© 2020 by Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles

How It All Began­—Herpetologists and Their Art

Throughout the Ages. Part III—19th and mid-20th
Centuries Listing Surnames A–C
But the role of women as encouragers of natural history
must not be underrated. It is unlikely that so many natural his-
tory societies, museums, zoological and botanical gardens and
public aquaria would have been founded if they could not have
relied on regular female support.
—Lynn Barber in The Heyday of Natural History 1820–
1870 published in 1980

Several of the ladies in Southport have purchased pets

among them, and it may be that no Southport lady will consider
her establishment perfect without a baby alligator to bask on
the hearth rug, and go out on a walk on the promenade with her.
When the pet defuncts, he can be stuffed, gilt, and put in the
hat for an ornament, don’t you know?
—Frank Buckland in Notes and Jottings from Animal Life
(1890)

This series comprises three articles: Part I covers 12th–17th Fig. 1. Librarian Polly Lasker with a visiting student Maggie Welldell
centuries (HR 2019, 50:628–640). Part II features 18th century (right) in the School of Information Science, University of Tennessee,
Knoxville.
works (HR 2019, 50:628–640). Part III is being sub-divided into
three parts due to the sheer volume of herpetological publica-
tions with terrific artwork. Some of the herpetologists men- Lasker truly embodies the SI mission of increasing and diffus-
tioned in my 18th century article are repeated in Part III to show ing knowledge (Fig. 1).
additional illustrations. This first one covers surnames A–C.
To avoid duplicating many of these biographical accounts Historical Context
already published by Kraig Adler in his superb SSAR four-part
series, Contributions to the History of Herpetology (1989, 2007, One of the curious facts is that maintaining animals and plants
2012, 2014), I have focused on providing quality illustrations in a boudoir was almost always a feminine interest during the Vic-
and kept written verbiage to a minimum. Please consult Adler’s torian era. Women supported natural history museums, zoos and
works so you can appreciate both the magnificence of the im- aquariums, nature books and papers, and collected creatures as
ages and their historical importance. well. There are several references that follow the evolution of rep-
The Smithsonian Institution (SI) is a group of museums tile and amphibian keeping and the rapid increase of dealers of-
and research centers administered by the United States gov- fering living animals for sale: Bateman 1897; Burger 2019; Fischer
ernment. It was founded on 10 August 1846, “for the increase 1884 (with additional references during 1850–1901; see Murphy
and diffusion of knowledge.” I wish to dedicate my series to 2005); Murphy 2007, 2018; Murphy and McCloud 2010 a,b.
Smithsonian Institution Natural History Museum Librarian
Polly Lasker for embarking on numerous searches for histori- Gallery of Historical Herpetological Works
cal publications and background information, and scanning
many images that have been used in my articles. I am grate- Louis Agassiz (1807–1873)
ful for the many years she has assisted with cheerfulness and Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz was a Swiss-American biologist
timeliness; she continues to be a wonderful colleague. Her ef- and geologist recognized as a gifted scholar of natural history.
forts have been an enormous and joyful addition to enlighten After studying with Cuvier and Humboldt in Paris, Agassiz
the herpetological community through HR Zoo View columns. was appointed professor of natural history at the University of
Neuchâtel. He emigrated to the United States in 1847 after visiting
JAMES B. MURPHY Harvard University, becoming professor of zoology and geology
Division of Amphibians & Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, at Harvard; there he established the Museum of Comparative
10th and Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA Zoology. Some of the finest images of chelonians were produced
e-mail: [email protected] in “Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of
America” in 1857–1862.

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382

Fig. 2. Jamaican Slider (Trachemys terrapen) from “Contributions to

the Natural History of the United States of America” by Louis Agassiz
(1857–1862).

John Anderson (1833–1900)

Anderson was a Scottish anatomist and zoologist who worked
in India as the curator of the Indian Museum. He published
“Guide to the Calcutta Zoological Gardens,” printed by order of
the Honorary Committee of Management in 1833.

Fig. 4. Chameleons from Fernand Angel’s “Les Lézards de Madagas-

car” (1942).

Fig. 3. Burmese Soft-shelled Turtle (Nilssonia formosa) from “Ana-

tomical and zoological researches: comprising an account of the
zoological results of the two expeditions to western Yunnan in 1868
and 1875; and a monograph of the two cetacean genera, Platanista Fig. 5. Spiny Softshell (Apalone spinifera) from “The Turtles of New
and Orcella” by John Anderson (1878). England” by Henry Babcock (1919).

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 383

Fernand Angel (1881–1950) Baird dedicated his career to creating a strong US National
Angel was a French herpetologist who began as a preparator Museum at the Smithsonian. He established himself at a very
in 1905 under Léon Vaillant and François Mocquard at the young age as one of the leading naturalists in America. Sixteen
Muséum national d’histoire naturelle in Paris. He became curator bird and mammal taxa have been named in Baird’s honor.
of the herpetology collection at the museum, a position he filled
for several decades until he died in 1950. He specialized in Thomas Barbour (1884–1946)
herpetofauna native to Madagascar, Indochina, and the French Barbour was an American herpetologist. From 1927 until
colonies of western Africa. Most of his scientific papers were in 1946, he was Director of Harvard’s Museum of Comparative
the field of systematics. Angel published books on amphibians Zoology, founded in 1859 by Louis Agassiz. His scientific travels
and reptiles between 1907 and 1954. took him through Africa, Asia, North America, South America,
and Central America. He studied the zoogeography of the East
Harold Lester Babcock (1886–1953) Indian (1912) and West Indian (1914) islands, resulting in two
Excerpt from “The Turtles of New England” (1857), Louis superb treatments with spectacular illustrations.
Agassiz wrote:

“To tell American students that little is known of the habits

of turtles, the laying of their eggs, the growth of their young,
etc., would perhaps excite a smile in those who, as boys, have been
in the habit of collecting turtles’ eggs, egg-hunting being an
occupation of which boys are fond all the world over. Yet so it
is: what every inhabitant of the country may have seen again and
again has not yet been collected in scientific works.”

Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823–1887)

The second Smithsonian Secretary served from 1878 to 1887.
A naturalist, ornithologist, ichthyologist, and renowned collector,

Fig. 7. Emerald Skink (Dasia s. smaragdinum and D. s. moluccarum

now Lamprolepis smaragdina) from “A contribution to the zoögeog-
raphy of the East Indian islands” by Thomas Barbour (1912).

Archie Carr (1909–1987)

Archie Fairly Carr, Jr. was an American herpetologist,
ecologist, and conservationist, specializing in declining sea turtle
populations. He was a Professor of Zoology at the University of
Florida. In 1987 he was awarded the Eminent Ecologist Award by
the Ecological Society of America. His writing style and wit were
admired by colleagues and he was a prodigious author.

The first of the innovations made by the stem reptiles was in a

way the most extraordinary and ambitious of all—the most dras-
tic departure from the basic reptile plan ever attempted before or
since. The new animal was a turtle. Having once performed the
Fig. 6. Pacific Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) from U.S. Explor- spectacular feat of getting its girdles inside its ribs, it lapsed into
ing Expedition, Herpetology by S. F. Baird and C. F. Girard (1858), At- a state of complacent conservatism that has been the chief mark of
las, plate 32.
the breed ever since.

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Fig. 10. Land iguana (Conolophus) from William Beebe’s “Galápagos,

World’s End” (1924).

Fig. 8. Thomas Barbour and Archie Carr showing Antillean turtle.

—Archie Carr in Handbook of Turtles (1952)

A number of the bigger crocodilians are perversely unable to
see the special nature of the human animal, and absentmindedly eat
him from time to time.
—Archie Carr The Reptiles. Time, Inc., (1970)

Gregory Climenson Bateman (1854–1909)

This was the first book in English covering captive maintenance
of amphibians and reptiles. Illustrations were done by Bateman.

Charles William Beebe (1877–1962)

Beebe was a renowned American zoologist, explorer, and
author. He led numerous expeditions as an employee for the

Fig. 9. Mud Tortoise (Emys lutaria now Emys orbicularis) from

G. C. Bateman’s “The Vivarium, Being a Practical Guide to the
Construction, Arrangement, and Management of Vivaria, Containing Fig. 11. Plate from Blainville’s 1835 paper: “Description de quelques
Full Information as to all Reptiles Suitable as Pets, How and Where to espèces de reptiles de la Californie précédée de l’analyse d’un sys-
Obtain Them, and How to Keep Them in Health” (1897). tème général d’erpétologie et d’amphibiologie.”

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 385

Fig. 13. Amphibians and anurans from “Die Reptilien und Amphibien
von Madagascar / von Dr. phil. Oskar Boettger. [With 3 supplements].”
1877–1881. The red frog at bottom left is the Tomato Frog (Dyscophus
antongilii). When confronted with a snake predator such as Leiohet-
erodon madagascariensis, this anuran changes shape by expanding
Fig. 12. Viper, Rattlesnake and Crocodile from “The animal kingdom: its body, angling its dorsum toward the snake, and secreting a viscous
arranged after its organization, forming a natural history of animals liquid that essentially fills the snake’s mouth and seals it shut.
and an introduction to comparative anatomy /” started by Georges
Cuvier, and assisted by Edward Blyth (1854).
begin a captive colony. In June 1991, 35 five-year old captive-
hatched iguanas were repatriated to Baltra and 24 were released
New York Zoological Society. His first expedition to the Galápagos the next year. Ironically, if these two intrepid explorers had not
lasted 20 days, broken into two 10-day periods to document how done what is now considered to be an unacceptable practice, and
animals that inhabit the Galápagos have evolved in response one never to be done by conservation biologists without careful
to the absence of predators. The Galápagos animals generally studies beforehand, the land iguana population on Baltra would
showed no fear of humans, allowing for success at capturing live be extinct.
specimens for the zoo. Two species of Galápagos land iguanas are currently
C. B. “Si” Perkins and a local San Diego businessman, G. Allan recognized: Conolophus pallidus and C. subcristatus, with the
Hancock, mounted two trips in 1932 and 1933 to the Galápagos former occurring only on Santa Fe, whereas C. subcristatus occurs
Islands to explore the region, as well as study and collect animals on Fernandina, Isabela, Santa Cruz, Plaza Sur, Seymour Norte
for the San Diego Zoo. While on the islands during the first trip, (a translocated population), and Baltra (see Murphy 2007:57 for
Hancock and Perkins decided to move 40 Galápagos land iguanas more information).
(Conolophus subcristatus) from Baltra Island (also known as South
Seymour Island) to North Seymour Island which contained no Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850)
iguanas. As Perkins explained in his diaries, their reason: “…in a Blainville was a French zoologist and anatomist who published
few years come down and see if anything has happened. A good an important paper in 1835 describing several new species of
idea, I believe.” On the next trip, they translocated 20 more lizards. reptiles from western North America. Blainville is commemorated
Through a combination of habitat destruction, introduction in the scientific name of a North American horned lizard,
of non-native animals, and direct killing by humans, the Baltra Phrynosoma blainvillii.
lizards disappeared after World War II. During the subsequent 47
years, there appeared to be virtually no successful reproduction Edward Blyth (1810–1873)
or recruitment on North Seymour, so a pair of adults was brought Blyth was an English zoologist who spent most of his career in
to the Charles Darwin Research Center on Santa Cruz Island to India as curator of zoology at the museum of the Asiatic Society of

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386

Fig. 14. Anurans from “Iconographia della fauna italica” by C.-L.-J.-L

Bonaparte (1832–1841).

India in Calcutta. Born in London in 1810, he travelled to India to

become the curator of the museum of the Royal Asiatic Society of
Bengal in 1841. Blyth returned to London in March 1863 to recover
from ill health. Around 1865, he began to help Thomas C. Jerdon
Fig. 15. This chameleon illustration is from “Catalogue of the Lizards
in the writing of the Birds of India but had a mental breakdown
of the British Museum, Volume III” by George A. Boulenger (1887).
and had to be kept in a private asylum. Blyth edited the section on
“Mammalia, Birds, and Reptiles” in the English edition of Cuvier’s
Animal Kingdom published in 1840, inserting many observations, Boettger was co-author of the herpetology volume for the third
corrections, and references of his own. His Catalogue of the edition of Alfred Brehm’s Tierleben.
Mammals and Birds of Burma was published posthumously
in 1875. Another well-known publication: “The natural history Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte (1803–1857)
of Selborne, with its antiquities; naturalist’s calendar, & c.” was Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, Second Prince of
written by Gilbert White, but a new edition with notes by Blyth Canino and Musignano, was a French biologist and ornithologist.
was issued in 1836. From 1853 through 1863, he described 37 new Canino and Musignano are neighboring villages in the
species of reptiles and nine new species of amphibians. Italian province of Viterbo. Between 1832 and 1841, Bonaparte
published his work on the animals of Italy, Iconografia della
Oskar Boettger (1844–1910) Fauna Italica. He compared birds of the latitude of Philadelphia
In 1870, Boettger was a paleontologist at the Senckenberg and Italian species in Specchio Comparativo delle Ornithologie di
Museum in Frankfurt, and five years later became the curator of Roma e di Filadelfia (Pisa, 1827).
the museum’s department of herpetology. He is credited for
making Senckenberg’s herpetological collection among the George Albert Boulenger (1858–1937)
best in Europe. Boettger had agoraphobia so rarely left home, Boulenger was a Belgian-British zoologist who described
not setting foot in a museum from 1876 to 1894. To continue and gave scientific names to over 2000 new animal species,
research, he relied on assistants to bring specimens. He was chiefly fishes, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an
editor of Katalog der batrachier- Sammlung im Museum der active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in
Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt the study of roses. His scientific output was truly astounding.
am Main as well as Katalog der Reptilien- Sammlung im
Museum der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft Edward George Boulenger (1888–1946)
in Frankfurt am Main, both issued by the Senckenberg Museum. E. G. Boulenger was the son of George Albert Boulenger of

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Fig. 18. Plate showing chameleon, siren, and salamander by Georg-

es-Louis Leclerc Buffon, comte de, an energetic chap who produced
Fig. 16. European Viper (Vipera berus) from “Reptiles and Batrachi- volumes of natural history subjects.
ans” by E. G. Boulenger (1914).
René Léon Bourret (1884–1957)
Bourret was a French herpetologist and geologist. He
published three major works on herpetofauna native to
Indochina: monographs on snakes (1936), chelonians (1941),
and amphibians (1942). During the Japanese occupation of
Indochina, he remained in Hanoi, where he continued regular
publications. In 1947, he returned to France and settled in
Toulouse. Most of his specimens are preserved in museums in
Toulouse and Paris.

Georges-Louis Leclerc Buffon, comte de (1707–1788)

Comte de Buffon was a French naturalist, mathematician,
Fig. 17. Impressed Tortoise from “Les Tortues de I’Indochine” by
cosmologist, and encyclopédiste. His works influenced the next
Renéė Leon Bourret (1941).
two generations of naturalists, including Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
and Georges Cuvier. Buffon held the position of intendant
the British Museum. The younger was appointed as the first (director) at the Jardin du Roi, now called the Jardin des Plantes.
Curator of Reptiles, Amphibia and Fish in 1911 at the London
Zoo. He received the princely sum of £150 yearly. Seems as Johann Büttikofer (1850–1927) and
though curatorial salaries have not improved much since then! Harry Hamilton Johnston (1858–1927)
Three years later, he was elevated to Director of the Aquarium. Büttikofer was a Swiss zoologist known for his two zoological
He published The Zoo and Aquarium Book (1932) and World expeditions to the Republic of Liberia (1879–1882 and 1886–
Natural History (1938). 1887) and resulting publications (1897–1924). He was the
Director of the Blijdorp Zoological Garden in Rotterdam. For
his extensive and seminal contributions to the knowledge of

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Fig. 21. Castelnau’s name is attached to an Australian hoax. “Ompax

spatuloides,” a supposed ganoid fish said to have been discovered in
1872 and named by Castelnau was described as similar to a platypus,
the eyes are small and near the top of the head, the pectoral fins are
small, and the dorsal, caudal, and ventral fins appear to be connect-
ed. It can only be found in a single water hole in the Burnett River,
alongside the lungfish Ceratodus.

Protection of Birds (1909–1924). A small ornithological reserve

established in his honor in 1926 on the island of Texel in the
North Holland province of the Netherlands still bears the name
Büttikofer’s Mieland. This reserve is now part of a complex of
larger protected places called “The low lands of Texel” and
managed by the Netherlands Society for the Preservation of
Fig. 19. Red-headed Agama (Agama colonorum now Agama agama) Natural Monuments Vereniging Natuurmonumenten. In 1924,
and venomous snakes from “Liberia” a two-volume set by Sir Harry Büttikofer retired and relocated to Bern, Switzerland, residing
Johnston (1906). only a short distance from the natural history museum, until
he died of pneumonia on June 24, 1927. See Gerard Visser’s
Herpetology at the Rotterdam Zoo [Herpetol. Rev. 2003, 34:11–
16.]
Harry Johnston published “Liberia” (1906). Johnston is
commemorated in the scientific names of the Okapi, Okapia
johnstoni and two species of African lizards, Johnston’s
Chameleon (Trioceros johnstoni) and Johnston’s Long-tailed
Lizard (Latastia johnstoni).
The falls at Mambidima on the Luapula River were
named Johnston Falls by the British in his honor. Some of his
books cover the political instability caused by the expansion
Fig. 20. Great Anglehead Lizard (Dilophyrus grandis, now Gonocepha­ tendencies of Europeans and belief that the natives throughout
lus grandis). Reproduced from “Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Africa were inferior and needed to be “civilized.” See Dodd’s
Malayan Peninsula” by T. E. Cantor (1847). This species is found in overview of these two explorers and their contributions to
In­donesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam.
understand the people, flora, and fauna of Liberia (2014.
Bibliotheca Herpetolologica 10:33–43).
Liberian fauna, he is regarded as the “Father of Liberian Natural
History” to this day. In 1893–1894, Büttikofer was the official Theodore Cantor (1809–1860)
zoologist of the Nieuwenhuis Expedition to central Borneo. Cantor was a productive Danish physician, zoologist, and
Several birds, reptiles, and invertebrates from there bear his botanist who described the Siamese fighting fish, known to
name, including Büttikofer’s Babbler (Pellorneum buettikoferi), aquarists for large-scale captive breeding of many color morphs.
Büttikofer’s Glass Lizard (Dopasia buettikoferi), and a skink He described many new reptiles, and the genus Cantoria with
(Sphenomorphus buettikoferi). During his long directorship, the type species Cantoria violacea is named in his honor, as are
he was associated with some of the main forerunners of nature Pelochelys cantorii, commonly known as Cantor’s Giant Softshell
conservation in The Netherlands. turtle, and Trimeresurus cantori, commonly known as Cantor’s
Büttikofer was chairman of the Dutch Society for the Pitviper.

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Fig. 24. Bothriopsis and Hyla from "On the Batrachia and Reptiles of
Costa Rica" (1876). Atlas. Imprint: Philadelphia, 1877.

Channa is a genus of predatory fish in the family Channidae,

Fig. 22. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1869–1948) was an American wildlife commonly known as snakehead, native to freshwater habitats in
illustrator featuring mostly birds. His paintings were included in Asia. A few widespread species have been introduced to several
several works from the early 20th century, including Frank M. Chap- regions outside their natural range where they often become
man’s Warblers of North America. He illustrated Cold-blooded Verte- invasive, including Northern Snakehead (Channa argus)
brates: Part I. Fishes, / by Samuel F. Hildebrand. Parts II and III. Am-
described by Cantor. At a nature preserve in Washington DC,
phibians and Reptiles, by Charles W. Gilmore and Doris M. Cochran,
I have seen scores of this species invading virtually all waters
Smithsonian Institution Scientific Series, New York (1930).
from Anacostia River during flooding. The native fishes and
amphibians are essentially gone.

Francis Louis Nompar le Caumont de Laport de, comte de

Castelnau (1810–1880)
Francis de Castelnau was a French naturalist, known also as
François Laporte or Laporte de Castelnau. He is commemorated
in the scientific name of a species of Australian lizard, Northern
Velvet Gecko (Oedura castelnaui).

Doris Mable Cochran (1898–1968)

Cochran was an American herpetologist and custodian of
the American Natural Collection at the Smithsonian Institution
in Washington, D.C., for many years. Her research was focused
primarily on the herpetofauna of the West Indies and South
America, particularly Haiti. She published 90 taxonomic papers
between 1922 and her death in 1968 in which she described eight
new genera and 125 species and subspecies as well as wartime
booklets for the military identifying venomous reptiles. Her 20
Fig. 23. There are a number of nicely drawn colored plates in M. C.
years of studies of the West Indies culminated in The Herpetology
Cooke’s book on herpetofauna in Great Britain.
of Hispaniola in 1941. Her most popular book was Living

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Elliott Coues (1842–1899)

Coues was a prolific author with many papers on Audubon
and his journals, a plethora of bird titles, North American
mammals, reports on expeditions, and natural history. He was
a founding member of the American Ornithologists’ Union in
1883, now merged with American Ornithological Society and
Cooper Ornithological Society. He was a proponent of trinomial
nomenclature in ornithology and of zoology.

Literature Cited

Adler, K. 1989. Contributions to the History of Herpetology, Volume

1. Contributions to Herpetology Volume 5, Society for the Study of
Amphibians and Reptiles. Oxford, Ohio,
———. 2007. Contributions to the History of Herpetology, Volume 2.
Contributions to Herpetology Volume 21, Society for the Study of
Amphibians and Reptiles, St. Louis, Missouri.
———. 2012. Contributions to the History of Herpetology, Volume 3.
Contributions to Herpetology Volume 29, Society for the Study of
Amphibians and Reptiles, Vancouver, British Columbia.
———. 2014. Contributions to the History of Herpetology, Volume 1
(revised and expanded). Contributions to Herpetology Volume 30,
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York.
Barber, L. 1980. The Heyday of Natural History 1820–1870. Doubleday,
Garden City, New York.
Bateman, G. C. 1897. The Vivarium, Being a Practical Guide to the Con-
struction, Arrangement, and Management of Vivaria, Containing
Full Information as to all Reptiles Suitable as Pets, How and Where
to Obtain Them, and How to Keep Them in Health. L. Upcott Gill,
London. 424 pp.
Buckland, F. T. 1882. Notes and Jottings from Animal Life. Smith, Elder,
London.
Fig. 25. Illustration of Sonoran Mud Turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) Fischer, J. v. 1884. Das Terrarium, seine Bepflanzung und Bevölkerung
from “Synopsis of the Reptiles and Amphibians of Arizona with Criti- (The Terrarium, Its Plantings and Population). Frankfurt am Main,
cal and Field Notes, and an Extensive Synonymy,” by E. Coues (1875). Mahlau & Waldschmidt. [reprint of this work published in 1989 by
BINA Verlag für Biologie und Natur, Berlin (BINA Publisher for Biol-
ogy and Nature, Berlin)]. 384 pp.
Amphibians of the World, published in 1961. When she visited
Murphy, J. B. 2005. Chameleons: Johann von Fischer and other per-
Brazil, Cochran received a donation of 3000 Brazilian frogs from
spectives. SSAR Herpetol. Circ. 33.
Adolpho Lutz, and wrote about South American frogs in Frogs of ———. 2007. Herpetological History of the Zoo and Aquarium World.
Southeastern Brazil (1954) and Frogs of Colombia (1970, issued Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, Florida. 327 pp.
posthumously). ———. 2018. Foreword. In R. M. Burger, The Dragon Traders. Parador
Press, Mabank, Texas. 473 pp.
Mordecai Cubitt Cooke (1825–1914) ———, and K. McCloud. 2010a. Evolution of keeping captive amphib-
In 1893, Cooke published “Our reptiles and batrachians; a ians and reptiles. Herpetol. Rev. 41:134–142.
plain and easy account of the lizards, snakes, newts, toads, frogs ———, and ———. 2010b. Reptile dealers and their price lists. Herpe-
and tortoises indigenous to Great Britain.” He wrote a number tol. Rev. 41:266–281.
of books on fungi ―classification, diagnosis of poisonous and safe
Erratum
species, culinary recommendations, their nature, influence and
uses—more information than is needed in any person’s life. In my recent article in HR 50(4):848, figure 32 depicts two
U.S. Pseudemys concinna; the caption erroneously indicates that the
Edward Drinker Cope (1840–1897) figure was from a book on Brazil. Emys orthonyx, as the illustrations
Cope is well known to herpetologists (the journal Copeia was are labeled, is listed in the synonymy of P. concinna and attributed to
named in his honor) but was also a prominent paleontologist Wied-Neuwied, 1865 (type locality New Orleans).  The proper citation
and ichthyologist. SSAR has reprinted Papers on the Higher is  Wied, M. Prinz zu 1865. Verzeichnis der Reptilien welche auf einer
Classification of Frogs (1864) and Catalogue of Batrachia and Reise in nördlichen America beobachtet wurden. Nova Acta Acad.
Reptilia Obtained by McNiel in Nicaragua: Catalogue of Reptilia Leopold.-Carol. 32, 144 pp. (reprinted by Bibliomania, Salt Lake City,
2004). Thanks to Dale Jackson for alerting me to the inconsistency.
and Batrachia by Maynard in Florida (1871)
—J. B. Murphy

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